US20040040234A1 - Constructional element, building system and method of construction - Google Patents
Constructional element, building system and method of construction Download PDFInfo
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- US20040040234A1 US20040040234A1 US10/398,888 US39888803A US2004040234A1 US 20040040234 A1 US20040040234 A1 US 20040040234A1 US 39888803 A US39888803 A US 39888803A US 2004040234 A1 US2004040234 A1 US 2004040234A1
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- constructional
- cladding
- structural member
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/026—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of plastic
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/10—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with metal beams or girders, e.g. with steel lattice girders
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/292—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C3/06—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2406—Connection nodes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2415—Brackets, gussets, joining plates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
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- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2421—Socket type connectors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2451—Connections between closed section profiles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2457—Beam to beam connections
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2463—Connections to foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B2001/2481—Details of wall panels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B2001/2484—Details of floor panels or slabs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B2001/249—Structures with a sloping roof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
- E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
- E04C2003/043—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the hollow cross-section comprising at least one enclosed cavity
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
- E04C2003/0465—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section square- or rectangular-shaped
Abstract
A constructional element (100), building system and method of construction is disclosed. The building system and method of construction utilise the constructional element (100). The construction element (100) is elongate and includes a hollow structural member (102) and cladding (104) formed about at least part of the structural member (102). Abutment means (107, 108) are formed in at least part of the cladding's (104) perimeter for mutual abutment and alignment with abutment means (107, 108) on an adjacent constructional element (100). At least one end (120, 122) of the structural member (102) protrudes from the cladding (104). A building system and method of construction are also disclosed, both of which utilise the constructional element (100).
Description
- The present invention relates to constructional elements, construction systems and methods of construction.
- Building systems in the form of prefabricated modular building systems have a tendency to rely upon heavy machinery for their construction, are generally labour intensive requiring may different trades persons and although being modular require the separate construction and application of external and internal finishes. An example of components of a prefabricated modular building systems is aluminium cladding. Such cladding is typically positioned and fixedly located on the exterior of a fibre panel or wood panel building structure.
- Another example of modular elements for building systems includes a system comprising end posts and concrete slabs attached therebetween. These slabs may then be rendered or coated as necessary once the building is constructed.
- According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a constructional element including:
- a structural member;
- cladding formed about at least part of the structural member; and
- abutment means formed in at least part of the cladding's perimeter for mutual abutment and alignment with abutment means on an adjacent constructional element.
- Advantageously, the configuration of the invention allows for a constructional element which includes pre-finished cladding such that once, for example, a wall is constructed from several constructional elements there is no need to further clad, render, etc the constructed wall. This applies whether the wall is a sidewall, floor, roof, ceiling, etc.
- Preferably, the constructional element may act as a load-bearing member.
- Preferably the element is elongate, and the structural member includes an end which protrudes from the cladding. Preferably the structural member is hollow.
- Preferably the end is adapted to seat in a channel of a C-section support element. If the constructional element is configured such that it includes an end and an opposite end protruding from the cladding, the constructional element may be secured between two C-section support elements.
- Alternatively, the end is adapted to seat and is fixable in an internal corner of an L-section support element.
- Preferably the connection means are formed in opposing sides of the cladding. The connection means may include a tongue formed in one said side of the cladding and a groove formed in an opposing said side. Alternatively, the connection means may include complementary step formations. The connection means aid in seating one constructional element immediately adjacent another.
- Preferably, the core is rectangular in lateral cross section. Preferably the core is metallic, fibreglass, or carbon fibre.
- Preferably the cladding includes cement, concrete, fibre cement, fibreglass, or cellulose. The cellulose may be derived from recycled paper.
- According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a method of construction including forming a wall by placing two or more constructional elements according to the first aspect of the invention in parallel relationship whereby the connections means on adjacent constructional elements mutually abut and align with one another.
- Advantageously, the configuration of the constructional elements allows for improved construction of a panel or wall for use as a sidewall, floor, retaining wall, etc.
- Preferably the constructional elements are held in parallel relationship by two support elements at respective ends of the constructional elements. Preferably the ends of the constructional elements are secured to the support elements once the constructional elements are in a predetermined position.
- Preferably the support elements are elongate and C-shaped in lateral cross section.
- Preferably the support elements are fixed to one another by intermediate brace elements.
- According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a building system including:
- at least two spaced apart end supports; and
- two or more constructional elements according to the first aspect of the invention,
- wherein the first and second ends of the constructional elements are engageable with respective end supports, and arrangeable in a vertical relationship to each other to form a wall portion.
- Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- FIGS. 1a-c are perspective side and end views of a preferred embodiment of a constructional element according to the present invention;
- FIGS. 2a-c and 3 a-c illustrate alternative arrangements of the abutment means of the structural element illustrated in FIGS. 1a-c;
- FIGS. 4, 5 and6 are perspective views of the element illustrated in FIG. 1a, showing variations in the cladding;
- FIGS. 7, 8,10, 12, 15, 16, 19 to 21, 23 to 26, 35 and 36 illustrate complete and partial views of various constructional elements and components of a building system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in use;
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of several components of the building system, illustrating the constructional element with a portion of the cladding cut away;
- FIGS. 13a-k illustrate components of a building system according to the present invention;
- FIGS. 14a-h illustrate several of the components of FIGS. 13a-k in use;
- FIGS. 17a-b are an alternative embodiment of the constructional element including two cores;
- FIG. 18a is an alternative embodiment of the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 17a-b, where the ends do not protrude from the cladding;
- FIG. 18b illustrates the embodiment of the constructional element illustrated in FIG. 18a showing the cores filled with insulating material;
- FIG. 22 is a perspective view of the constructional element illustrated in FIG. 1a, with a power point connected thereto;
- FIGS.27 to 34 are perspective views of various embodiments of quoins and post covers for use with the building system according to the present invention; and
- FIGS. 37 and 38 are perspective views of alternative embodiments of a method of construction according to the present invention.
- In the Figures, like reference numerals denote like parts.
- Referring to the Figures, a preferred embodiment of the invention is a constructional element in the form of an
elongate board 100. The board can be made in any desired length, depending on the desired function or end use of theboard 100. However, the board is usually manufactured in several lengths up to a preferred length of 3.6 m. Theboard 100 includes a structural member in the form of a hollow closed sectionedcore 102. Thecore 102 is typically manufactured from steel though alternatively may be manufactured from alluminium, carbon fibre, fibre glass, or any other suitable structural material. -
Cladding 104 is formed about at least part of thecore 102. Thecladding 104 is usually a cement based material such as fibre cement, though alternatively may be constructed from fibre glass; ceramics; foamed polymeric materials such as polystyrene; or cellulose based material, such as recycled paper or wood pulp; etc. The type of material used to form thecladding 104 will depend on the desired look of the finished product. For example, if a sandstone look is desired, the cladding may be formed from glass reinforced modified cement. - Abutment means in the form of
corresponding tongue 105 and groove 106 formations are formed in respective first and second opposinglongitudinal edge portions board 100. Two variations of thetongue 105 and groove 106 formations are illustrated in FIGS. 1a-1 c and FIGS. 2a-2 c, for example. Thetongue 105 and groove and 106 formations allow for mutual abutment and alignment on and withadjacent boards 100. An example of this alignment and abutment is illustrated in FIGS. 1c & 2 c. - The height of the
tongue 105 is smaller than the depth of thegroove 106, defining agap 109 between thetongue 105 and groove 106 whenadjacent boards 100 are mutually abutted and aligned. This serves two purposes. Firstly, thegap 109 allows for accommodation of a control joint between thetongue 105 andgroove 106. The control joint is usually a rubber strip, or silicon tube, for example. Secondly, in practice thegap 109 allows for seating of tongue shoulders 110 directly ongroove shoulders 112, to ensure there is no gap between the respective abuttedshoulders 110 & 112. This improves reduction of acoustic, heat and water transfer through the join between adjacent mutually abutted and alignedboards 100. - Alternative embodiments of the abutment means are illustrated in FIGS. 3a-3 c where the abutment means are in the form of corresponding step, or
shiplap formations 114 and 116. - First and second opposing faces117 and 118 are also formed in the
cladding 104, typically in a flat arrangement. In alternative embodiments, one or both of thefaces face 118 is shaped for aesthetic purposes. The thickness of thefaces cladding 104 about thecore 102 is usually about 10 mm, though may be about 3 mm in some applications. The depth of thefaces - The first and second ends120 and 122 of the
core 102 extend beyond thecladding 104. This is to allow theends board 100 to seat in achannel 124 of a C-section support element 126. This arrangement allows for a plurality of boards to be held in mutual abutment and alignment, as illustrated in FIG. 7 for example. - In an alternative embodiment of the
board 100, the first and second ends 120 and 122 of the board are flush with the first and second respective ends 128 and 130 of thecladding 104. - The
board 100 can be used in a building system including any one of retaining walls, multi walled buildings, etc. Theboard 100 in such a system can be used for construction of walls in the form ofsidewalls 131, or portions thereof, internal partitions,floors 132,ceilings 133,roofs 134 etc. - In one embodiment, to build a wall using a plurality of
boards 100, two C-sectional support elements 126 are fixed in an upright position relative to the ground inconcrete pillars 135 which are set into the ground. The C-section support elements 126 are arranged such that theirrespective channels 124 face towards each other. The C-section support elements 126 are spaced apart at a predetermined distance, being approximately the width of the required wall. A standard wall width is 3.6 m, for example. With the width of the wall determined and C-section support elements 126 in position,appropriate boards 100 are selected to build the desired wall, where the distance between the first and second cladding ends 128 and 130 of the plurality ofboards 100 to the fitted between theelements 126 is approximately the distance between the C-section support elements 126. - As illustrated in FIG. 8, a
board 100 is then placed between the C-section support elements wherein the first and second ends 120 and 122 of thecore 102 are fitted and fixed withinrespective channels 124. FIG. 9 illustrates in detail how anend 120 fits within thechannel 124 of a C-section support element 126.More boards 100 are then fitted and fixed between the C-section support elements 126 on top of one another wherein immediately adjacent first andsecond sides adjacent boards 100 mutually abut. This described arrangement can be used for building a single sidewall, such as a retaining wall. - In a method for construction of, for example, a building, a plurality of
side walls 131,floors 132,ceilings 132 androof 134, and so on are erected. In this embodiment, eitherconcrete pillars 135 or aconcrete slab 136 is typically laid, upon which support posts 137 are vertically erected, as illustrated in FIG. 8 or 10, for example. Mainhorizontal beams 138 are then attached between twosupport posts 137, and subsidiaryhorizontal beams 139 are attached between mainhorizontal beams 138. - As illustrated in FIG. 11, for example, main and
subsidiary beams roof structure 134 are typically trapezoidal in cross section to allow for a pitched roof. FIG. 12 illustrates in detail one way in which the mainhorizontal beam 138 is connected to asupport post 137. FIGS. 13a to 13 k illustrate various connection means 140 for connecting mainhorizontal beams 138 to supportposts 137 andsupport posts 137 toconcrete slabs 136. FIGS. 14a to 14 h illustrate several of the connection means 140 in use in supporting mainhorizontal beams 138 onsupport posts 137 and support posts onconcrete slabs 136 orpillars 135. - Once the support posts137, main and subsidiary
horizontal beams section support elements 126 are then attached in desired locations on the support posts, completing a framework super structure suitable for receivingboards 100. In an alternative embodiment, theelements 126 are attached to the support posts 137 prior to the support posts being erected on theconcrete slab 136. - Where a
slab 136 is used, and is therefore in direct contact with the ground, damp course, or weatherproof flashing is placed between theslab 136 and theboards 100 which directly abut the slab. - As illustrated in FIG. 15, once the
first end 120 of a givenboard 100 is in a predetermined position in achannel 124, theend 120 of theboard 100 may be secured to the C-section support element 126 by crimping aportion 142 of the C-section support element inwardly to at the same time crimp a portion of thefirst end 120 of theboard 100. This secures theboard 100 in position on thesupport element 126. Alternatively, a hole and thread forming screw such as a TECHSCREW is employed to screw directly through a wall of the C-section support element 126, and the first or second end, 120 or 122 engaged within the C-section support element 126, to secure the first or second end on the C-section support element. - In an alternative embodiment, holes144 may be preformed within the first and second ends 120 and 122, and a securing means such as a screw, bolt, nail, etc placed through corresponding
holes 144 in the first or second end and 122 of the board and preformedholes 146 in the C-section support element 126. - Also, as illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 16, a plurality of
boards 100 may be used to form afloor 132 within the building system. In one embodiment, theboards 100 used to form thefloor 132 include onecore 102, for example as illustrated in FIGS. 1a to 1 f, or alternatively, for added load bearing support,boards 100 used for thefloor 132 may includetwin cores 102, as illustrated in FIGS. 17a, 17 b, 18 a and 18 b. FIG. 19, for example, illustrates the boards of FIGS. 18a and 18 b in afloor 132 configuration. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, theends cores 102 of theboards 100 used to constructfloors 132 do not protrude from the respective ends 128 and 130 of thecladding 104. This is illustrated in FIGS. 19 to 21, for example. This is so theends cladding 104 are flush with anadjacent wall 131. Also, as illustrated in FIG. 20,individual boards 100 when part of afloor 132, are typically secured to a respective mainhorizontal beam 138 by a mountingbracket 156. A lining strip in the form of a control/expansion joint 158, typically formed from rubber or polymer, is placed between thefloor 132 orroof 134 and mainhorizontal beam 138. Aceiling 133 orroof 134 is constructed in an identical manner as described in relation to construction offloor 132. If the length ofboard 100 used to construct afloor 132 orceiling 133 is a standard length of 3.6m or less, subsidiary beams 139 are not required. - Aside from load bearing properties of the
hollow core 102, the hollow nature of thecore 102 allows for running ofelectrical services 152 throughresultant walls 131,floors 132, etc, as illustrated in FIG. 20. The hollow support posts 137 and main and subsidiaryhorizontal beams board 100 in a desired location, as illustrated in FIG. 22. It will be clear to a person skilled in the art that thecores 102,posts 137, etc, also allow for running through of water, telephone and gas services, and ducting for air conditioning. In the case of air conditioning, this could be used to either heat orcool side walls 131,floors 132, orceiling 133, or to direct hot or cold air to an outlet to blow the air into a predetermined room, for example. - The hollow nature of the
cores 102 also allows for insulatingmaterial 160 to be placed therein, as illustrated in FIG. 18a. The insulatingmaterial 160 is typically foam, though alternatively may be paper based, wool based, or made from any other suitable insulating material. - Once
floors 132,side walls 131,roofs 134 andceilings 133 have been constructed,quoins 164 and post covers 166 are positioned on the building, for example as illustrated in FIGS. 23 to 26. Bothquoins 164 and covers 166 are typically connected to theirrespective support posts 137 by boltingattachment plates 168 to theposts 137. In the embodiments of thequoins 164 and post covers 166 where the attachment plates are flat (FIGS. 27 to 31), asecond quoin 164 or cover 166, as appropriate, is positioned above the first attachedquoin 164 or cover 166 such that the exposedportion 170 of theplate 168 of the attached quoin or cover is covered by arecess 172 in thenext quoin 164 orcover 166. - In alternative embodiments of the
quoins 164 and post covers 166 illustrated in FIGS. 32 to 34, the attachment plates include astep portion 174, and bottom extending portion 176. In these embodiments, when asecond quoin 164 or cover 166, as appropriate, is positioned above the first attachedquoin 164 or cover 166, thestep portion 174 is located in therecess 172 between the bottom extending portion 176 andmain body 178 of thequoin 164 orcover 166. - In another alternative embodiment illustrated in FIG. 35, a
corner 178 is formed directly on to the corner of the building, typically from a cement based material. In another alternative embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 36, an end 180 of theboards 100 are cut or formed at a 45 angle to form a building corner with another like board positioned end to end to thatboard 100. - FIG. 36 illustrate how C-
section elements 126 are used in part to formwindow 181 anddoor 182 vertical frame portions. Also, an alternative embodiment of theboard 100 illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 36 is used directly abovewindows 181 anddoors 182, which includes a thickenedcladding portion 183 and adrip groove 184. The thickenedcladding portion 183 is both aesthetic and bears thedrip groove 184. If water, such as from rain, runs down thisboard 100, the thickenedcladding portion 183 aids in directing the water away from thewindow 181 ordoor 182, and thedrip groove 184 aids in preventing water from running transversely along theunderside 185 of theboard 100 and into the building.Weatherproof flashing 187 is also placed between the window or door frame and theboard 100 directly above the window or door frame and between theboard 100 directly below the window frame. - The embodiment of the
board 100 illustrated in FIG. 5 is usually used as theuppermost board 100 in aside wall 131, being theboard 100 directly under theroof 134. - FIG. 37 illustrates another alternative embodiment for forming a
side wall 131, where theside wall 131 is pre-assembled by placing C-section support elements 126 directly onto respective ends 120 and 122 of exposedcore 102. The preformedwall 131 is then placed in position on a building frame structure, which includes L-section support elements 186. The C-section support elements 126 are then abutted against their respective L-section support elements 186, and secured in place. - In an alternative embodiment of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 37, the
boards 100 are assembled and secured directly onto L-section support elements 186. This is achieved by securingrespective ends individual boards 100 directly into internal corners of the L-section support elements 186. - FIG. 38 illustrates another alternative embodiment for forming a
side wall 131, where arecess 188 is formed in thecladding 102 of oneface 118 of theboards 100 to accommodate the adjacent support posts 137. Theboard 100 is then attached to thesupport post 137 by a screw or the like, which couples between thesupport post 137 and thecore 102. In this embodiment, post covers 166 are not required. Also in this embodiment, quoins 164 are also not required. - Now that preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the constructional element, method of construction and building system has at least the following advantages:
- 1 they offer a cheaper alternative to standard building methods;
- 2 the hollow nature of the constructional element acts as an acoustic dampener, and insulator;
- 3 the resultant building structure has high structural integrity, since each constructional element is connected to the superstructure;
- 4 they allow for a relatively inexpensive kit building system which allows for building of an aesthetic building; and
- 5 the resultant building, retaining wall, etc, is relatively easy to install, being able to be assembled without the use of heavy machinery, and with reduced tradespeople activity.
- Although the invention has been described with reference to particular examples, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in many other forms.
Claims (16)
1. A constructional element including:
a structural member;
cladding formed about at least part of the structural member; and
abutment means formed in at least part of the cladding's perimeter for mutual abutment and alignment with abutment means on an adjacent constructional element.
2. A constructional element according to claim 1 , wherein the structural member is elongate and at least one end protrudes from the cladding.
3. A constructional element according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the structural member is hollow.
4. A constructional element according to claim 2 or 3 wherein said at least one end is adapted to seat in a channel of a C-section support element.
5. A constructional element according to claim 2 or 3 wherein said at least one end is adapted to seat and is fixable in an internal corner of an L-section support element.
6. A constructional element according to any one of claims 2 to 5 wherein the cladding is elongate and the abutment means are formed in opposing longitudinal edge portions of the cladding.
7. A constructional element according to claim 6 wherein the abutment means include a tongue and a groove formed in respective of said opposing edge portions.
8. A constructional element according to claim 6 wherein the abutment means include complementary step formations.
9. A constructional element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the structural member is shaped rectangular in transverse cross section.
10. A constructional element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the structural member is metallic, fibreglass, or carbon fibre.
11. A constructional element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the cladding includes cement, concrete, fibre cement, fibreglass, or cellulose.
12. A constructional element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the structural member is one of a pair of structural members wherein the cladding is formed about both of said members.
13. A method of panel construction including:
providing a plurality of constructional elements to form the panel, the constructional elements including:
a structural member;
cladding formed about at least part of the structural member; and
abutment means formed in at least part of the cladding's perimeter for mutual abutment and alignment with abutment means on an adjacent constructional element; and
mounting the constructional elements alongside one another such that the abutment means align, and adjacent construction elements together form the panel.
14. A method of construction according to claim 13 wherein the constructional elements are held in parallel relationship by two support elements at respective ends of the constructional elements.
15. A building system including:
at least two spaced apart end supports; and
two or more constructional elements including:
a structural member;
cladding formed about at least part of the structural member; and
abutment means formed in at least part of the cladding's perimeter for mutual abutment and alignment with abutment means on an adjacent constructional element,
wherein first and second opposing ends of the constructional elements are engageable with respective end supports, and arrangeable in a vertical relationship to each other to form a wall portion.
16. A building system according to claim 15 wherein the end supports include a channel for receiving one of the first and second ends of the constructional elements.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/736,817 US20040194405A1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-12-16 | Building system |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPR0627A AUPR062700A0 (en) | 2000-10-10 | 2000-10-10 | Prefabricated modular building system |
AUPR0627 | 2000-10-10 | ||
PCT/AU2001/001375 WO2002035026A1 (en) | 2000-10-10 | 2001-10-09 | Constructional element, building system and method of construction |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/736,817 Continuation-In-Part US20040194405A1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-12-16 | Building system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20040040234A1 true US20040040234A1 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
Family
ID=3824685
Family Applications (1)
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US10/398,888 Abandoned US20040040234A1 (en) | 2000-10-10 | 2001-10-09 | Constructional element, building system and method of construction |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040040234A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AUPR062700A0 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2384013B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002035026A1 (en) |
Cited By (19)
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US6931803B1 (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2005-08-23 | Gary Davis | Modular building system |
US20060075703A1 (en) * | 2004-10-09 | 2006-04-13 | Simmons Robert J | Defined relative-motion tongue-and-groove building-surfacing-panel interface |
GR1005228B (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-06-14 | Γεωργιος Σταυρου Αδαμακης | Mettalic framework, joint and framework construction elements, and method for constructing integrated building installations |
US20090044461A1 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2009-02-19 | Martin Diamond | Modular Dwelling Structure Made From Recycled Tire Materials, a Kit For Same and a Method of Assembling Same |
US20090255213A1 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2009-10-15 | Innovida Holdings, Inc. | Sandwich panel with closed edge and methods of fabricating |
US20090282777A1 (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-19 | Innovida Factories, Ltd. | Angle joint for sandwich panels and method of fabricating same |
US20090307995A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-17 | Innovida Factories, Ltd. | Roof construction joints made of sandwich panels |
US20100050542A1 (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-03-04 | Innovida Factories, Ltd. | System and method of forming at least a portion of a reinforced roof structure from sandwich panels |
US20100050549A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-04 | Innovida Factories, Ltd. | Joint of parallel sandwich panels |
US20100050553A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-04 | Innovida Factories, Ltd. | sandwich panel joint and method of joining sandwich panels |
US20100193291A1 (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2010-08-05 | Jan Martin Kleppe | Device for a guide rail |
US8733033B2 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2014-05-27 | Millport Associates, SA | Sandwich panel ground anchor and ground preparation for sandwich panel structures |
US8782991B2 (en) | 2008-07-10 | 2014-07-22 | Millport Associates S.A. | Building roof structure having a round corner |
US8875475B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-11-04 | Millport Associates S.A. | Multiple panel beams and methods |
US20160032581A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-02-04 | David Sklar | Rapid-assembly building construction system |
USD892354S1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-08-04 | Osblock Inc. | Wall panel |
US11180917B2 (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2021-11-23 | Hebei Huiyuan Building Materials Co., Ltd | Structure and method for connecting a composite insulation exterior wall panel and a steel structural beam-column |
US20220307269A1 (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-09-29 | Peter Kuelker | Precast cladding panels with profiled panel edges |
USD1018901S1 (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2024-03-19 | Osblock Inc. | Block for construction |
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WO2004055283A1 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-07-01 | Jetstone Building Systems Pty Ltd | Improved building system |
FI20060760L (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-02-26 | Rautaruukki Oyj | Stiffening of load-bearing mid-floor slabs in buildings |
RU2528709C2 (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2014-09-20 | Сергей Юрьевич Малышев | Metal frame of building and method of its erection |
CN110080610A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-02 | 商丘职业技术学院 | A kind of construction base isolation device |
US20230220682A1 (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-07-13 | Isostruc Llc | Rigid foam, continuous raised floor structure without wooden supports |
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US6931803B1 (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2005-08-23 | Gary Davis | Modular building system |
US20060075703A1 (en) * | 2004-10-09 | 2006-04-13 | Simmons Robert J | Defined relative-motion tongue-and-groove building-surfacing-panel interface |
GR1005228B (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-06-14 | Γεωργιος Σταυρου Αδαμακης | Mettalic framework, joint and framework construction elements, and method for constructing integrated building installations |
US20090044461A1 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2009-02-19 | Martin Diamond | Modular Dwelling Structure Made From Recycled Tire Materials, a Kit For Same and a Method of Assembling Same |
US20100193291A1 (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2010-08-05 | Jan Martin Kleppe | Device for a guide rail |
US8336674B2 (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2012-12-25 | Jan Martin Kleppe | Device for a guide rail |
US20090255213A1 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2009-10-15 | Innovida Holdings, Inc. | Sandwich panel with closed edge and methods of fabricating |
US20090282777A1 (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-19 | Innovida Factories, Ltd. | Angle joint for sandwich panels and method of fabricating same |
US20090307995A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-17 | Innovida Factories, Ltd. | Roof construction joints made of sandwich panels |
US8733033B2 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2014-05-27 | Millport Associates, SA | Sandwich panel ground anchor and ground preparation for sandwich panel structures |
US8782991B2 (en) | 2008-07-10 | 2014-07-22 | Millport Associates S.A. | Building roof structure having a round corner |
US20100050549A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-04 | Innovida Factories, Ltd. | Joint of parallel sandwich panels |
US20100050553A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-04 | Innovida Factories, Ltd. | sandwich panel joint and method of joining sandwich panels |
US20100050542A1 (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-03-04 | Innovida Factories, Ltd. | System and method of forming at least a portion of a reinforced roof structure from sandwich panels |
US8875475B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-11-04 | Millport Associates S.A. | Multiple panel beams and methods |
US20160032581A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-02-04 | David Sklar | Rapid-assembly building construction system |
USD892354S1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-08-04 | Osblock Inc. | Wall panel |
US11180917B2 (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2021-11-23 | Hebei Huiyuan Building Materials Co., Ltd | Structure and method for connecting a composite insulation exterior wall panel and a steel structural beam-column |
US20220307269A1 (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-09-29 | Peter Kuelker | Precast cladding panels with profiled panel edges |
USD1018901S1 (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2024-03-19 | Osblock Inc. | Block for construction |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2384013B (en) | 2004-04-28 |
GB0308195D0 (en) | 2003-05-14 |
GB2384013A (en) | 2003-07-16 |
AUPR062700A0 (en) | 2000-11-02 |
WO2002035026A1 (en) | 2002-05-02 |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: JETSTONE BUILDING SYSTEMS PTY LTD, AUSTRALIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:DAVISON, MARK;PEACEY, IAN;REEL/FRAME:014336/0068 Effective date: 20030709 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |