US20040079783A1 - Solder bump fabrication method and apparatus - Google Patents

Solder bump fabrication method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040079783A1
US20040079783A1 US10/685,427 US68542703A US2004079783A1 US 20040079783 A1 US20040079783 A1 US 20040079783A1 US 68542703 A US68542703 A US 68542703A US 2004079783 A1 US2004079783 A1 US 2004079783A1
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Prior art keywords
circuit board
printed circuit
devices
pins
solder bumps
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US10/685,427
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Chih-Ming Chen
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3452—Solder masks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/0266—Marks, test patterns or identification means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/09—Shape and layout
    • H05K2201/09818—Shape or layout details not covered by a single group of H05K2201/09009 - H05K2201/09809
    • H05K2201/09909—Special local insulating pattern, e.g. as dam around component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/09—Shape and layout
    • H05K2201/09818—Shape or layout details not covered by a single group of H05K2201/09009 - H05K2201/09809
    • H05K2201/09936—Marks, inscriptions, etc. for information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
    • H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
    • H05K3/1216—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns by screen printing or stencil printing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/341—Surface mounted components
    • H05K3/3431—Leadless components
    • H05K3/3436—Leadless components having an array of bottom contacts, e.g. pad grid array or ball grid array components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solder bump fabrication method and apparatus; in particular, to a method and apparatus that can form the solder bumps on a printed circuit board without causing devices on the printed circuit board to short circuit.
  • DIP dual in line package
  • SK-DIP skinny DIP
  • PGA pin grid array
  • the multichip module package mounts many bare chips on a printed circuit board.
  • the multichip module package method comprises the following steps. First, a plurality of devices, such as chips, are inserted onto a printed circuit board. Then, the solder bumps are formed on the pins of the devices, and the printed circuit board having the devices is passed through an infrared oven to melt the solder bumps. Thus, the devices are soldered on the printed circuit board.
  • the key advantage of multichip modules is reduction of the space occupied by the element, to shorten the delay time of signal by the shorter line, to cut down the capacitance and inductance of all circuits in the whole system. Therefore, the density of system package is promoted and system function is increased.
  • FIG. 1 a there is a fixture 110 for printing characters on a printed circuit board 120 during the conventional method.
  • the fixture 110 is simply provided with a first through hole 111 for an indication marker to pass through so that the characters are printed on the printed circuit board 120 having a plurality of devices with pins 123 .
  • the indication marker can pass through the first through hole 111 to form the character 124 , such as manufacturers, on the printed circuit board 120 . Then, solder bumps 121 are disposed on the pins 123 of the devices on the printed circuit board 120 .
  • the invention provides a method and apparatus that can form the solder bumps on a printed circuit board without causing devices on the printed circuit board to short circuit.
  • the invention provides a solder bump fabrication method that comprises following steps. First, a printed circuit board, having a plurality of devices, is provided. A material is formed on the printed circuit board, and it is disposed between pins of the devices so that the material prevents the devices from short-circuiting due to solder bumps. Then, solder bumps are formed on the pins of the devices so that the devices are fixed on the printed circuit board. The printed circuit board is passed through an infrared oven to melt the solder bumps. Finally, extra solder bumps other than those attached to the device pins are removed, and the solder bumps attached to the pins of the devices are separated by material so that the devices are prevented from short circuiting.
  • the material is formed on the printed circuit board by screen printing or coating.
  • the material is an indication marker for the printed circuit board.
  • the material may be white paint.
  • the invention provides an apparatus with a plurality of through holes corresponding to gaps between the pins on the printed circuit board. Thus, isolated portions are formed between the pins on the printed circuit board while the characters are printed on the printed circuit board.
  • the apparatus may be a screen-printing fixture.
  • FIG. 1 a is a schematic view depicting a conventional apparatus for printing characters on a printed circuit board
  • FIG. 1 b is a schematic view depicting a printed circuit board fabricated by the apparatus in FIG. 1 a;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view depicting an apparatus for printing characters on a printed circuit board as disclosed in this invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart depicting a solder bump fabrication method as disclosed in this invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view depicting a printed circuit board fabricated by the method in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 2 a fixture 10 for printing characters on a printed circuit board as disclosed in this invention is shown.
  • such fixture is simply provided with a first through hole for an indication marker to pass through so that characters are printed on the printed circuit board.
  • the fixture 10 is provided with a first through hole 11 and a plurality of second through holes 12 .
  • the second through holes 12 correspond to gaps between pins 23 of devices on a printed circuit board 20 .
  • the indication marker can pass through the first through hole 11 to form the characters 24 , as shown in FIG. 4, such as manufacturers, on the printed circuit board 20 .
  • a material can also be formed on the gaps between adjacent pins 23 while the characters 24 are printed on the printed circuit board 20 .
  • the material is free of soldering, and forms insulating portions 22 a, 22 b as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the insulating portions 22 a, 22 b will be described below in detail. It is noted that the fixture 10 is re-designed based on the conventional fixture; therefore, there is no additional step in the process of this invention. As a result, fabrication time is the same as the conventional process.
  • a solder bump fabrication method using the fixture 10 , comprises the following steps. First, a printed circuit board, having a plurality of devices, is provided (step S 1 ). A material is formed on the printed circuit board, and disposed between pins of the devices (step S 2 ). Then, the solder bumps are formed on the pins of the devices so that the devices are fixed on the printed circuit board (step S 3 ).
  • step S 3 for example, the printed circuit board is passed through an infrared oven to melt the solder bumps, and extra solder bumps other than those attached to the device pins are removed.
  • the step S 3 is not restricted within the above example; that is, the method as disclosed in this invention is not limited to a soldering manner using the infrared oven. For instance, the method as disclosed in this invention can be applied to manual soldering.
  • the material separates the solder bumps attached to the pins of the devices so that the devices are prevented from short circuiting.
  • the material 22 a, 22 b is formed between the solder bumps 21 on the printed circuit board 20 .
  • the quality of the solder bumps 21 can be improved.
  • the material 22 a, 22 b can be formed on the printed circuit board 20 by screen-printing or coating; therefore, the fixture 10 can be a screen-printing fixture. However, the fixture is not limited.
  • the material 22 a, 22 b may be a normal indication marker for the printed circuit board, such as white paint. However, the material is also not limited to the normal indication marker.
  • solder bump fabrication method and apparatus has the following advantages:

Abstract

A solder bump fabrication method and apparatus. First, a printed circuit board, having a plurality of devices, is provided. A material is formed on the printed circuit board, and it is disposed between pins of the devices to prevent the devices from short-circuiting due to the solder bumps. Then, the solder bumps are formed on the pins of the devices so that the devices are fixed on the printed circuit board. The printed circuit board is passed through an infrared oven to melt the solder bumps. The material separates the solder bumps attached to the pins of the devices so that the devices are prevented from short-circuiting.

Description

  • This application is a Divisional of co-pending application Ser. No. 10/201,935, filed on Jul. 25, 2002, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference and for which priority is claimed under 35 U.S.C. § 120; and this application claims priority of Application No. 090125268 filed in Taiwan, R.O.C. on Oct. 12, 2001 under 35 U.S.C. § 119.[0001]
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Field of the Invention [0002]
  • The invention relates to a solder bump fabrication method and apparatus; in particular, to a method and apparatus that can form the solder bumps on a printed circuit board without causing devices on the printed circuit board to short circuit. [0003]
  • 2. Description of the Related Art [0004]
  • The main purpose of electronic packaging technology is to provide products with good function, high reliability, and fast cooling to avoid damage to circuits by overheating. Presently, in order to upgrade the function of electronic products, many companies pay attention to developing a new process that can replace the present techniques worldwide. [0005]
  • Conventionally, the following modes are adopted by chip packaging: DIP (dual in line package), SK-DIP (skinny DIP), and PGA (pin grid array). However, the occupied volume is too large and the input/output density on chip is too little; therefore, this package type has almost been replaced by surface mounting technology (SMT). The SMT cannot, however, satisfy the demand for products with high function and high density, so chip-on-board (COB) technology was developed. Chip-on-board technology bonds the chip to the surface of a printed circuit board by solder bumps. [0006]
  • In chip-on-board technology, the multichip module package mounts many bare chips on a printed circuit board. The multichip module package method comprises the following steps. First, a plurality of devices, such as chips, are inserted onto a printed circuit board. Then, the solder bumps are formed on the pins of the devices, and the printed circuit board having the devices is passed through an infrared oven to melt the solder bumps. Thus, the devices are soldered on the printed circuit board. [0007]
  • The key advantage of multichip modules is reduction of the space occupied by the element, to shorten the delay time of signal by the shorter line, to cut down the capacitance and inductance of all circuits in the whole system. Therefore, the density of system package is promoted and system function is increased. [0008]
  • However, there are still some problems generated during the conventional method. As the density of the chips on printed circuit board increases, gaps between the devices decrease. Therefore, extra solder bumps other than those attached to the device pins are difficult to remove due to small gaps. In addition, the devices on the printed circuit board easily short circuit, and solder bump fabrication cannot easily attain a preset criterion. As a result, the yield of the printed circuit boards decreases, and the fabrication cost and time increase. [0009]
  • Furthermore, referring to FIG. 1[0010] a, it is noted that there is a fixture 110 for printing characters on a printed circuit board 120 during the conventional method. The fixture 110 is simply provided with a first through hole 111 for an indication marker to pass through so that the characters are printed on the printed circuit board 120 having a plurality of devices with pins 123.
  • Referring to FIG. 1[0011] b, the indication marker can pass through the first through hole 111 to form the character 124, such as manufacturers, on the printed circuit board 120. Then, solder bumps 121 are disposed on the pins 123 of the devices on the printed circuit board 120.
  • As stated above, since the gaps between [0012] adjacent pins 123 are small, extra solder bumps are difficult to remove, and the devices on the printed circuit board are easy to short circuit.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • In order to address the disadvantages of the aforementioned electronic packaging technology, the invention provides a method and apparatus that can form the solder bumps on a printed circuit board without causing devices on the printed circuit board to short circuit. [0013]
  • Accordingly, the invention provides a solder bump fabrication method that comprises following steps. First, a printed circuit board, having a plurality of devices, is provided. A material is formed on the printed circuit board, and it is disposed between pins of the devices so that the material prevents the devices from short-circuiting due to solder bumps. Then, solder bumps are formed on the pins of the devices so that the devices are fixed on the printed circuit board. The printed circuit board is passed through an infrared oven to melt the solder bumps. Finally, extra solder bumps other than those attached to the device pins are removed, and the solder bumps attached to the pins of the devices are separated by material so that the devices are prevented from short circuiting. [0014]
  • In one preferred embodiment, the material is formed on the printed circuit board by screen printing or coating. [0015]
  • In another preferred embodiment, the material is an indication marker for the printed circuit board. [0016]
  • It is understood that the material may be white paint. [0017]
  • In another preferred embodiment, the invention provides an apparatus with a plurality of through holes corresponding to gaps between the pins on the printed circuit board. Thus, isolated portions are formed between the pins on the printed circuit board while the characters are printed on the printed circuit board. [0018]
  • In another preferred embodiment, the apparatus may be a screen-printing fixture.[0019]
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • The invention is hereinafter described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: [0020]
  • FIG. 1[0021] a is a schematic view depicting a conventional apparatus for printing characters on a printed circuit board;
  • FIG. 1[0022] b is a schematic view depicting a printed circuit board fabricated by the apparatus in FIG. 1a;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view depicting an apparatus for printing characters on a printed circuit board as disclosed in this invention; [0023]
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart depicting a solder bump fabrication method as disclosed in this invention; and [0024]
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view depicting a printed circuit board fabricated by the method in FIG. 3. [0025]
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • Referring to FIG. 2, a [0026] fixture 10 for printing characters on a printed circuit board as disclosed in this invention is shown. In prior art, such fixture is simply provided with a first through hole for an indication marker to pass through so that characters are printed on the printed circuit board. Comparing with the conventional fixture, the fixture 10 is provided with a first through hole 11 and a plurality of second through holes 12. The second through holes 12 correspond to gaps between pins 23 of devices on a printed circuit board 20.
  • Like the conventional fixture, the indication marker can pass through the first through [0027] hole 11 to form the characters 24, as shown in FIG. 4, such as manufacturers, on the printed circuit board 20. However, unlike the conventional fixture, a material can also be formed on the gaps between adjacent pins 23 while the characters 24 are printed on the printed circuit board 20. The material is free of soldering, and forms insulating portions 22 a, 22 b as shown in FIG. 4. The insulating portions 22 a, 22 b will be described below in detail. It is noted that the fixture 10 is re-designed based on the conventional fixture; therefore, there is no additional step in the process of this invention. As a result, fabrication time is the same as the conventional process.
  • Referring to FIG. 3, a solder bump fabrication method, using the [0028] fixture 10, comprises the following steps. First, a printed circuit board, having a plurality of devices, is provided (step S1). A material is formed on the printed circuit board, and disposed between pins of the devices (step S2). Then, the solder bumps are formed on the pins of the devices so that the devices are fixed on the printed circuit board (step S3).
  • In step S[0029] 3, for example, the printed circuit board is passed through an infrared oven to melt the solder bumps, and extra solder bumps other than those attached to the device pins are removed. The step S3 is not restricted within the above example; that is, the method as disclosed in this invention is not limited to a soldering manner using the infrared oven. For instance, the method as disclosed in this invention can be applied to manual soldering.
  • As a result, the material separates the solder bumps attached to the pins of the devices so that the devices are prevented from short circuiting. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the material [0030] 22 a, 22 b is formed between the solder bumps 21 on the printed circuit board 20. Thus, the quality of the solder bumps 21 can be improved.
  • Comparing FIG. 1[0031] a with FIG. 4, since the material 22 a, 22 b is formed between the solder bumps 21 on the printed circuit board 20 as shown in FIG. 4, the solder bumps 21, fabricated by the method as disclosed in this invention, can be removed more easily.
  • It is noted that the material [0032] 22 a, 22 b can be formed on the printed circuit board 20 by screen-printing or coating; therefore, the fixture 10 can be a screen-printing fixture. However, the fixture is not limited. In addition, the material 22 a, 22 b may be a normal indication marker for the printed circuit board, such as white paint. However, the material is also not limited to the normal indication marker.
  • The solder bump fabrication method and apparatus has the following advantages: [0033]
  • 1. Since the material [0034] 22 a, 22 b is formed between the solder bumps 21 on the printed circuit board 20, there are additional isolating portions between the solder bumps attached to the pins of the devices. Thus, extra solder bumps are easily removed, and the devices on the printed circuit board are prevented from short-circuiting.
  • 2. The loss rate of the fabricated printed circuit board is lowered, and the proportion of rework of the fabricated printed circuit board is also lowered. [0035]
  • 3. Since the proportion of rework is lowered, the detection cost is lowered. [0036]
  • 4. Since the material is disposed when the character is printed, the fabrication cost and time do not increase. [0037]
  • While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be readily appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is intended that the claims be interpreted to cover the disclosed embodiment, those alternatives which have been discussed above, and all equivalents thereto. [0038]

Claims (2)

What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus for printing characters on a printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board is provided with a plurality of devices with pins, and the apparatus is provided with a plurality of through holes corresponding to gaps between the pins on the printed circuit board, whereby isolated portions are formed between the pins on the printed circuit board while the characters are printed on the printed circuit board.
2. A screen printing fixture for printing characters on a printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board is provided with a plurality of devices with pins, and the fixture is provided with a plurality of through holes corresponding to gaps between the pins on the printed circuit board, whereby isolated portions are formed between the pins on the printed circuit board while the characters are printed on the printed circuit board.
US10/685,427 2001-10-12 2003-10-16 Solder bump fabrication method and apparatus Abandoned US20040079783A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/685,427 US20040079783A1 (en) 2001-10-12 2003-10-16 Solder bump fabrication method and apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW90125268 2001-10-12
TW90125268 2001-10-12
US10/201,935 US6843407B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2002-07-25 Solder bump fabrication method and apparatus
US10/685,427 US20040079783A1 (en) 2001-10-12 2003-10-16 Solder bump fabrication method and apparatus

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT12795U1 (en) * 2011-04-22 2012-11-15 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg OPERATING DEVICE FOR LAMP

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6843407B2 (en) * 2001-10-12 2005-01-18 Asustek Computer, Inc. Solder bump fabrication method and apparatus

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US5349495A (en) * 1989-06-23 1994-09-20 Vlsi Technology, Inc. System for securing and electrically connecting a semiconductor chip to a substrate
US5593080A (en) * 1991-10-29 1997-01-14 Fujitsu Limited Mask for printing solder paste
US5863812A (en) * 1996-09-19 1999-01-26 Vlsi Technology, Inc. Process for manufacturing a multi layer bumped semiconductor device
US20010000156A1 (en) * 1999-06-04 2001-04-05 Cheng David C. H. Package board structure and manufacturing method thereof
US20020179692A1 (en) * 2001-06-04 2002-12-05 I-Chung Tung Pin attachment by a surface mounting method for fabricating organic pin grid array packages
US20030011070A1 (en) * 2001-07-16 2003-01-16 Shinko Electric Industries Co., Ltd. Semiconductor package, method of manufacturing the same, and semiconductor device
US6592943B2 (en) * 1998-12-01 2003-07-15 Fujitsu Limited Stencil and method for depositing solder
US6659328B2 (en) * 2001-12-18 2003-12-09 Xerox Corporation Method and apparatus for deposition of solder paste for surface mount components on a printed wiring board
US6843407B2 (en) * 2001-10-12 2005-01-18 Asustek Computer, Inc. Solder bump fabrication method and apparatus

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WO2000003570A1 (en) 1998-07-08 2000-01-20 Ibiden Co., Ltd. Printed-circuit board and method of manufacture thereof
CN1171517C (en) 1999-10-25 2004-10-13 张有常 Technology for making printed circuit board with additional layers
TW437031B (en) 1999-12-22 2001-05-28 Ind Tech Res Inst Substrate structure of semiconductor package

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5349495A (en) * 1989-06-23 1994-09-20 Vlsi Technology, Inc. System for securing and electrically connecting a semiconductor chip to a substrate
US5593080A (en) * 1991-10-29 1997-01-14 Fujitsu Limited Mask for printing solder paste
US5863812A (en) * 1996-09-19 1999-01-26 Vlsi Technology, Inc. Process for manufacturing a multi layer bumped semiconductor device
US6592943B2 (en) * 1998-12-01 2003-07-15 Fujitsu Limited Stencil and method for depositing solder
US20010000156A1 (en) * 1999-06-04 2001-04-05 Cheng David C. H. Package board structure and manufacturing method thereof
US20020179692A1 (en) * 2001-06-04 2002-12-05 I-Chung Tung Pin attachment by a surface mounting method for fabricating organic pin grid array packages
US6543676B2 (en) * 2001-06-04 2003-04-08 Phoenix Precision Technology Corporation Pin attachment by a surface mounting method for fabricating organic pin grid array packages
US20030011070A1 (en) * 2001-07-16 2003-01-16 Shinko Electric Industries Co., Ltd. Semiconductor package, method of manufacturing the same, and semiconductor device
US6843407B2 (en) * 2001-10-12 2005-01-18 Asustek Computer, Inc. Solder bump fabrication method and apparatus
US6659328B2 (en) * 2001-12-18 2003-12-09 Xerox Corporation Method and apparatus for deposition of solder paste for surface mount components on a printed wiring board

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT12795U1 (en) * 2011-04-22 2012-11-15 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg OPERATING DEVICE FOR LAMP

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US20030071112A1 (en) 2003-04-17

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