US20040112846A1 - Filter - Google Patents
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- US20040112846A1 US20040112846A1 US10/466,799 US46679903A US2004112846A1 US 20040112846 A1 US20040112846 A1 US 20040112846A1 US 46679903 A US46679903 A US 46679903A US 2004112846 A1 US2004112846 A1 US 2004112846A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filter unit
- fluid
- mesh
- outlet
- rotatable member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 241001481166 Nautilus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/114—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements arranged for inward flow filtration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/56—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
- B01D29/58—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
- B01D29/68—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps with backwash arms, shoes or nozzles
- B01D29/682—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps with backwash arms, shoes or nozzles with a rotary movement with respect to the filtering element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/58—Power supply means for regenerating the filter
- B01D2201/583—Power supply means for regenerating the filter using the kinetic energy of the fluid circulating in the filtering device
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/42—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from bathing facilities, e.g. swimming pools
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/42—Liquid level
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a filter unit for filtering particulates and other foreign matter from a fluid supplies.
- the invention relates to filter unit assemblies and filtration systems and methods of filtration using the filter unit.
- GB 2 293 333 proposes one solution to such a problem wherein a filtering chamber is provided surrounded by a small aperture mesh. Water is drawn through the unit and through the mesh and out of an outlet pipe by means of a pump. A tapping of filtered water from the pumped outlet of the filter chamber is then diverted via a return conduit into a back washing nozzle assembly in the form of a rotatable impeller. The water is spread from outlets of the impeller against the interior face of the mesh in the hope of dislodging particles and debris on the exterior face of the mesh.
- the device of GB 2 293 333 suffers from a number of drawbacks. Firstly, the filter is only useable with an actively pumped filtration system.
- the filter unit cannot be used with a gravity-fed system which is commonly found in larger aquaria and fish ponds.
- it has been found necessary to divert a very significant proportion of the filtered water from the outlet back into the rotatable impeller. Potentially up to 90% of the water pumped through the filter unit must be diverted back to the rotatable impeller.
- the minimum pore size of the mesh which may be used with such a filter is restricted to greater than about 250 microns otherwise the pressure drop across the filter unit becomes too great and the volumetric throughput of the filter unit becomes too low.
- the present invention aims to provide a filter unit which overcomes the disadvantages of known devices.
- the present invention provides a filter unit for filtering particulates and other foreign matter from a fluid supply, comprising a filtering chamber, at least a portion of an exterior of the filtering chamber being provided with a mesh through which fluid may enter the filtering chamber in use, the mesh being sized to filter particulates and other foreign matter from the fluid, the filter unit further comprising an outlet through which filtered fluid exits the filter unit, and a rotatable member located within the filtering chamber, the rotatable member having at least one outlet spaced from an internal face of a mesh, the axis of rotation of the rotatable member being such that the at least one outlet traverses at least a substantial portion of the internal face of a mesh, the filter unit further comprising a dedicated pump having an inlet communicating with the filtering chamber and an outlet communicating solely with the rotatable member such that operation of the pump causes filtered fluid from within the filtering chamber to be pumped through the rotatable member to exit the at least one outlet and impinge on
- the present invention also provides a filter unit assembly comprising a filter unit as provided above and a tank housing in which the filter unit is located, the tank housing being provided with an inlet for entry of fluid into the tank unit and the outlet of the filter unit forming the outlet of the tank housing.
- the present invention further provides a filtration system comprising one or more filter units assemblies as provided above.
- the present invention further provides a method of filtering fluid to remove particulates and other foreign matter comprising the steps of passing the fluid through a filtering chamber having a mesh sized to filter the particulates and other foreign matter from the fluid, outputting the fluid from the filtering chamber through an outlet of the filtering chamber, wherein a dedicated pump is used to pump fluid from the filtering chamber exclusively through a rotatable member located within the filtering chamber to exit through at least one outlet of the rotatable member to impinge on an interior face of the mesh so as to dislodge particulates and other foreign matter located on an exterior face of the mesh.
- the present invention further provides a filtration system for filtering particulates and other foreign matter from a fluid supply, comprising a tank with an inlet and an outlet, a filtration unit through which fluid must pass to reach the outlet, and a sump in which particulates and other foreign matter from the fluid accumulates, the sump having an outlet, a drainage conduit communicating with the outlet, a pump for withdrawing fluid and accumulated particulates and other foreign matter through the outlet and discharging it to a drainage conduit, and a programmable controller for operating a valve and pump.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a filter unit in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a further side elevation of the filter unit of FIG. 1 with certain parts omitted for clarity;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional elevation of the filter unit of FIG. 1, again with certain parts omitted for clarity;
- FIG. 3 a is a cross-sectional elevation of an alternative filter unit, again with certain parts omitted for clarity;
- FIG. 3 b is a plan view of the filter unit of FIG. 3 a ;
- FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the filter unit of FIG. 1, showing hidden components in broken lines;
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional detail of part of the filter unit of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional detail of another part of the filter unit of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 6 b is a cross-sectional detail of an alternative part to that of FIG. 6;
- FIG. 7 is a cross-section detail of a further part of the filter unit of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 8 is a side elevation of a rotor as used in the filter unit of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the rotor of FIG. 8;
- FIG. 9 a is a top plan view of an alternative rotor
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a detail of the rotor of FIG. 8;
- FIG. 11 is a top plan view of an inlet conduit as used in the filter unit of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional side elevation of the inlet conduit of FIG. 11;
- FIG. 13 is a schematic elevation of the filter unit of FIG. 1 in a first type of tank housing
- FIG. 13 a is a schematic elevation of another filter unit assembly in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 13 b is a schematic elevation of another filter unit assembly in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic elevation of the filter unit of FIG. 1 in a second type of tank housing
- FIG. 15 is a schematic elevation of the filter unit of FIG. 1 in a third type of tank housing connected to a biological cleaning stage housing;
- FIG. 16 is a schematic elevation of a plurality of the filter units of FIG. 1 in a vertical stack formation
- FIG. 17 is a schematic elevation of an alternative tank housing in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 17 a is a schematic elevation of an alternative tank housing in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 17 b is a schematic elevation of another alternative tank housing in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a cross sectional view of another filtration unit in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a filtration system in accordance with the present invention.
- a filter unit 1 in accordance with the present invention comprises a filter unit housing 10 having circular upper and lower covers 11 , 12 .
- a mesh 13 extends around the circumference of the filter unit housing 10 extending between the upper cover 11 and lower cover 12 .
- the upper cover 11 , lower cover 12 and mesh 13 together define a cylindrically shaped filter chamber 9 .
- the materials of the filter unit are made of stainless steel grade 316 .
- An outlet 15 is provided at a centre of the filter chamber 9 in the lower cover 12 .
- a rubber sleeve 16 located at an end of the outlet 15 allows the outlet of the filter chamber 9 to be connected to a pipe or other conduit of varying diameter from approximately 7.5 cm to 15 cm.
- the mesh 13 is mounted to the upper cover 11 and lower cover 12 by means of tie brackets 33 .
- Each tie bracket 33 comprises an elongated strip of metal having an inturned flange at either end.
- the mesh 13 is spot welded to a number of tie brackets 33 .
- the mesh and tie bracket assembly is then connected to the upper cover 11 and the lower cover 12 by virtue of bolts 28 , 26 .
- a ‘fluidtight’ seal is provided by annular seals 20 , 27 provided in annular channels 34 , 35 formed in the upper cover 11 and lower cover 12 respectively.
- the mesh 13 protrudes into the upper and lower seals 27 , 20 to form an improved connection. As a result fluid can only enter the filter chamber 9 through the mesh 13 .
- FIG. 6 b An alternative seal is illustrated in FIG. 6 b wherein the annular channel is dispensed with. Instead an enlarged gasket or o-ring 20 ′ is provided which is sandwiched between the tie bracket 33 and lower cover 12 as the bolt 26 is fastened. As a result the O-ring 20 bulges outwards to form a face seal against the mesh 13 . This seal may be used on the upper and lower covers 11 , 12 .
- the mesh 13 is also made of stainless steel grade 316 .
- the aperture size of the mesh 13 can be varied depending on the required degree of filtration. However, in accordance with the present invention aperture sizes of 200 microns or less can be utilised.
- One form of mesh 13 is a Hollander weave mesh of aperture size 100 microns. The Hollander weave construction has been found to offer good resistance to work hardening and fatigue failure. Other mesh types such as wedge wire screen (also known as triangular bar screen) and plain weaves may be used.
- the mesh 13 may also be made of nylon of a suitable thickness.
- a rotatable member in the form of a rotor 14 is provided within the filter chamber 9 having an axis of rotation which is substantially vertical and coincident with the major axis of the cylindrical filter chamber 9 .
- the rotor 14 is mounted to the upper cover 11 and lower cover 12 by bolts.
- the rotor 14 of the filter unit 1 comprises a vertically orientated hollow rotor shaft 21 and a hollow rotor arm 22 which extends substantially perpendicular thereto.
- the rotor arm 22 and rotor shaft 21 are welded together.
- a rotor nozzle 23 At each distal end of the rotor arm 22 , there is provided a rotor nozzle 23 .
- Each rotor nozzle 23 comprises an outlet 29 which is angled at an angle a (alpha) to a radial direction 36 passing coincident to the rotor arm 22 as shown in FIG. 9.
- Angle a may be varied substantially 0 and 90 degrees.
- a is between 35 and 50 degrees.
- the two outlets 29 are both set with an ⁇ of 45 degrees.
- the two outlets 29 may be set at different angles; for example, one outlet may have an ⁇ of 35 degrees and the other 50 degrees. Alternatively, one of the outlets may be at 0 degrees and the other outlet at an angle greater than 0 degrees.
- the nozzle outlets 29 may be set at 0 degrees and one or more openings 29 a provided in the side walls of the nozzle 23 through which a proportion of the water passes in order to rotate the rotor 14 .
- a pump 17 is provided attached to an exterior of the filter unit housing 10 .
- An inlet of the pump 17 is connected to an interior of the filter chamber 9 by means of an aperture 32 in the lower cover 12 (as shown in FIG. 4).
- An outlet of the pump 17 connects solely to the rotor 14 via an aperture 31 in the lower cover 12 and an inlet conduit 19 .
- the pump 17 is consequently dedicated to supplying water to rotor 14 .
- the pump 17 is preferably an electric pump powered by an external power source.
- the pump has a rating of greater than 2,000 litres per hour and preferably greater than 4,000 litres per hour.
- One example of a suitable pump is the ‘Nautilus 6,000’ pump manufactured by Oase having a rating of 6,000 litres per hour.
- the inlet conduit 19 of the filter unit 1 is provided with a first aperture 31 a and a second aperture 30 a .
- the first aperture 31 a coincides with the aperture 31 in the lower cover which provides a connection with the outlet of the pump 17 .
- the second aperture 30 a is coincident with a base of the hollow rotor shaft 21 .
- the outlet of the pump 17 communicates with the interior of the rotor 14 via the pump outlet aperture 31 , aperture 31 a , internal conduit 19 , aperture 30 a and rotor shaft 21 .
- An air bleed valve 18 is provided in upper cover 11 to allow air trapped in the filter unit 1 during installation to be bled off.
- FIG. 13 shows a first type of tank housing 40 which comprises an inlet 41 located at or near a top of the tank housing 40 , an outlet pipe 42 and a sump 43 provided with a bottom drain line 44 .
- the filter unit 1 is installed in the tank housing 40 with the outlet 15 being connected to the outlet pipe 42 by means of the rubber sleeve 16 and a jubilee clip.
- the tank housing 40 is then filled with water from inlet 41 .
- the bleed valve 18 may be operated to remove any air trapped in the filter unit 1 .
- the filter unit assembly may be either gravity-fed or an actively pumped filtration assembly. Either due to the force of gravity or due to the action of the active pumping, water is passed through the tank housing 40 and filter unit 1 by entering through mesh 13 and exiting through outlet 15 into the outlet pipe 42 .
- pump 17 is operated to pump water solely through rotor 14 .
- the water pumped by pump 17 originates from within the filter chamber 9 and is therefore free of any particulates or other foreign matter larger than the aperture size of the mesh 13 .
- Water is pumped into the pump 17 via the inlet aperture 32 in the lower cover 12 and pumped out of the pump outlet aperture 31 only into the inlet conduit 19 and rotor shaft 21 .
- the pumped water is then forced along both arms of the rotor arm 22 and out of the rotor outlets 29 of rotor nozzles 23 . Due to the angle a of the outlets 29 of the rotor nozzles 23 , the outflowing water causes the rotor arm 22 to rotate.
- the water outflowing from the rotor outlets 29 is directed against an interior face of the mesh 13 before passing therethrough. This flow of water causes particulates and other foreign matter lodged on the outer exterior face of the mesh 13 to be dislodged and to fall away from the mesh 13 into sump 43 . Periodically the bottom drain line 44 is opened to remove the collected waste material.
- FIG. 13 a A modified type of tank housing 540 is shown in FIG. 13 a in which a plate, insert or partition 511 is located.
- the filter unit 1 is positioned such that its mid-point is level with the partition 511 .
- An orifice 512 is provided in the partition 511 in which the filter unit 1 is located.
- the partition 511 promotes downward flow within the tank housing 540 due, in part, to the pressure gradient across the partition due to a venturi effect. The downward flow helps the settling of solids in the sump of the tank housing 540 and also helps prevent the water below the partition 511 being disturbed by the water entering the tank housing through the inlet. Further, the partition 511 ensures that the water entering the tank is directed towards the mesh 13 of the filter unit 1 for filtration.
- R 0 ⁇ square root ⁇ square root over ( ) ⁇ (( ⁇ r 2 +3 ⁇ )/ ⁇ )
- R 0 radius of orifice
- ⁇ flow rate through filter in litres.
- This formula can also be used to determine the radius of the tank housing in the version shown in FIG. 13, for example.
- FIG. 13 b Another variant of the tank housing is shown in FIG. 13 b .
- the function of the partition 511 has been incorporated as part of the internal shape of the housing itself.
- An upper region 515 of the housing is frusto-conical in shape.
- a lower region 516 is cylindrical in shape. The junction between the upper region 515 and the lower region 516 is located level with the mid-point of the filter unit 1 . This has the same effect as in the previously described variant of creating a pressure gradient which encourages downward flow of water within the tank housing.
- the tank housing comprises a sump 517 which has a much reduced cross-sectional area. This has the result of reducing the amount of water which must be emptied fro the tank housing when clearing the sump 517 .
- the water exiting the sump 517 into drain line 518 will speed up due to the restriction in diameter. The high velocities produced ensure that all the collected debris is efficiently removed whilst only using a small volume of water.
- FIG. 14 show a second type of tank housing 40 ′ in which the filter unit 1 may be installed.
- This type of installation occurs typically where an already fitted ‘vortex’ type filter unit is converted to operate with the filter unit 1 of the present invention.
- the installation shows how the filter unit 1 may be orientated upside-down without impairing performance.
- the inlet 41 ′ is also provided with a 90 degree elbow pipe 50 to move the effective inlet 51 of the tank housing 40 ′ to at or near the top of the housing. It has been found that increased performance of the filter unit 1 occurs where the tank housing 40 ′ is filled in a non-vortex producing manner such that the inflowing water fills the tank housing 40 ′ from the bottom up without a significant water flow in the radial or tangential directions.
- the filter unit 1 may be used in a vortex tank housing.
- FIG. 15 illustrates a third type of tank housing 40 ′′ in which the filter unit 1 of the present invention may be installed.
- the outlet 42 ′′ of the tank housing 40 ′′ is provided with a secondary pump 54 separate from the dedicated pump 17 of the filter unit 1 .
- the secondary pump 54 operates to drive water through the tank housing 40 ′′.
- the figure also illustrates how biological filtering or cleaning stages 55 my be arranged in series with the filter unit assembly of the present invention to form an integrated filtration system.
- FIG. 16 illustrates a further embodiment of the present invention wherein a plurality of the filter unit assemblies are arranged in a vertical stack formation.
- the outlet 15 of the uppermost filter unit 1 is connected to the inlet 41 of the next lowermost tank housing 40 and so on down to the lowermost filter unit 1 whose outlet 15 is connected to the outlet of the filtration system.
- the aperture size of the meshes 13 in the filter units 1 decreases down the stack from a mesh size of 100 microns or greater in the uppermost filter unit to a mesh size of 25 microns or less in the lowermost filter unit. In this way a progressive filtration system is provided.
- Adjacent filter unit assemblies may advantageously be joined sealingly with one another with the provision of gaskets or O-ring seals 60 .
- the successive filter unit assemblies may be arranged otherwise than in a vertical formation; for example, they may be arranged horizontally where the filtration system is actively pumped.
- FIG. 17 shows a further embodiment of filter unit assembly in accordance with the present invention.
- the filter unit assembly 110 comprises a tank 112 .
- the tank has an inlet 114 and an outlet 118 .
- a filter unit 1 is located in the tank. Water entering the tank must pass through the filtration unit in order to leave the tank 112 through the outlet 118 .
- a lower portion of the tank forms a sump 120 which tapers towards an outlet 122 and a drainage pipe 124 .
- the filter unit 1 may be as described in any of the above embodiments. Alternatively, another type of filter unit may be used in tank 112 .
- a drainage pipe 124 is connected to the outlet 122 of the sump 120 and is arranged with an outlet or vent to atmosphere 140 at a level higher than the level of the inlet 114 into the tank 112 . This ensures that the head of water in the drainage pipe 124 is greater than that in the tank 112 . Thus, water entering the tank 112 does not simply drain away, cutting off supply to the outlet 118 .
- outlet 122 from the sump 120 to the drainage pipe 124 may also be closed by a valve 134 of any suitable type such as a gate valve or ball valve.
- a pump 136 is provided to pump water and accumulated debris whenever desired (and when the valve 134 is open, if provided) from the sump 120 and along the drainage pipe 124 to waste.
- the pump may be of any suitable type which is able to operate without fouling due to the debris which may be present in the water.
- valve 134 if present
- pump 136 are operated by a programmable controller 138 which includes a time clock and which can be preset to activate the valve and pump at desired intervals and for a desired length of time.
- a programmable controller 138 which includes a time clock and which can be preset to activate the valve and pump at desired intervals and for a desired length of time.
- a conventional domestic central heating timer can be used.
- the controller can be set to operate the valve 134 and pump 136 as often as necessary and for as long as necessary. For example, when the system is newly installed and the water to be filtered is particularly laden with particulates and other foreign matter, it may be necessary to clear the accumulated debris every two hours or so, operating the pump for, say, ten minutes each time. Once this initial filtration has occurred, ongoing filtration may require a lower frequency of perhaps twice a day.
- FIG. 17 a shows one variant of tank housing having a sump 120 which can be automatically emptied.
- the emptying of the sump 120 is controlled by the pressure of the dedicated pump 132 of the filter unit 1 .
- the valve 134 connected to the drain line 124 is held shut by the water pressure from the pump 132 via a transfer means 146 .
- the valve 134 can only open when the pump 132 is switched off. Opening of the valve 134 is caused by action of a spring 147 located in the valve 134 .
- the switching of the pump 132 can be controlled by a timing means such as a segmented time switch 148 .
- FIG. 17 b shows an alternative arrangement in which a pump 136 is connected to the drain point.
- the operating times of the pump 136 are controlled by a timing means such as a segmented time switch 148 .
- the outlet of the pump 136 is connected to an upstanding U-bend pipe 149 to prevent drainback of waste water.
- a filtration system comprising a number of tanks and filtration units through which water passes consecutively may be employed, with each tank including a sump and automated discharge system in accordance with the invention.
- the filter unit 1 may be provided with a rotor 14 having only a single outlet 29 or more than two outlets 29 .
- the pump 17 may be provided remote from the filter unit 1 rather than being attached thereto. In the case of multiple filter units 1 , a single pump 17 may be used to supply water to all the rotors 14 .
- the mesh 13 has been described as made of stainless steel. However, other materials such as heavy duty plastic may be utilised.
- the rating of the dedicated pump 17 may be varied depending on the aperture size of the mesh 13 .
- a pump such as the ‘Oase USP60’.
- Another variation which may be made to the filter unit assemblies of the above embodiments is the provision of a timer switch so as to enable operation of the rotor 14 and pump 17 at periodic intervals as opposed to continuous operation.
- This has the advantage that the apparatus uses less power.
- the mesh 13 starts to become blocked by particles in the water. As it does so, the effective aperture size of the mesh 13 decreases leading to the filtration of smaller particles.
- the periodic operation of pump 17 is controlled by a switching means such as a simple timer.
- the operation can be controlled by a float switch in the tank housing where the filter unit assembly is actively pumped.
- the mesh 13 becomes progressively blocked, the water level in the tank housing starts to rise which eventually triggers the float switch to turn on the pump 17 .
- the float switch would be situated in a container downstream of the tank housing. In this case, blockage of the mesh 13 will lead to reduction in the water level in the downstream container thus activating the float switch and pump 17 .
- a pressure switch may be used as the switching means.
- a switching relay may be used to coordinate operation of the pump 17 of the filter unit and the circulatory pump of the filtration system such that the general circulatory pump is switched off when the dedicated pump of the filter unit is switched on.
- FIG. 18 shows a further embodiment of the present invention in which the tank housing 540 is pressurised, in other words the filter unit assembly is part of a closed system which is not open to atmosphere.
- An air tight lid 545 is provided to seal the filter unit assembly.
- the tank housing 540 may be made as a pressurisable unit.
- the filter unit 1 and assembly may otherwise be as described in the above embodiments.
- the unit 1 may be located in an orifice formed in a partition 546 , and a sump 543 is provided communicating with a drain line 544 .
- a major advantage of a filter unit assembly which is pressurised is that it may be used in a filtration system that has no loss of head. Such a system is shown schematically in FIG. 19.
- the output of the filter unit assembly 540 inputs into a biological filter stage 560 which then outputs into a water source 570 .
- Water is supplied from the water source 50 to the filter unit assembly 540 by a circulatory pump 580 .
- Advantageously only one pump is required to circulate water round the whole system. This differs to current systems used in aquaculture where the filtration stage is non-pressurised. Consequently head is lost at the filtration stage and therefore another pump is required to move the water through the biological filter stage and back to the water source 570 .
- the filtration system has to be arranged with large vertical displacements between the stages to develop enough pressure head.
- the pressurised system of the present invention may all be arranged compactly at one level.
- FIG. 1 Another variation of the filter unit of the present invention is the use of a dedicated supply of fluid to the rotor 14 of the filter unit 1 .
- the rotor is supplied with water by means of dedicated pump 17 .
- a different dedicated supply may be utilised such as a mains water supply or a source of otherwise pressurised water.
- rotor 14 could be plumbed in communication with a header tank of water having sufficient head to provide adequate water pressure.
- the rotor 14 may be supplied with a dedicated supply of a gas such as air.
- Air may be used where the medium being filtered is either a gas or a liquid.
- the rotor gas may be from a compressed gas supply or air powered by an air pump having a rating of 100 litres/minute.
- the source of the gas may be from within the filter unit 1 where the medium being filtered is that gas or alternatively the source may be external.
- the motive force for rotating the rotor 14 may be provided by means other than the throughput of fluid though the rotor.
- an electric motor may be used or mechanical gears driven by the flow of fluid.
- the nozzles 29 of the rotor do not need to be angled.
- the filter unit 1 may be constructed as shown in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b wherein the top cover 11 is removeable simply by undoing a finger nut 11 a threaded on spindle 21 . Once the top cover 11 is removed the mesh 13 may be lifted out in one piece for cleaning and/or replacement and the rotor 14 may be accessed.
- the present invention has been described above in detail for use with water it is to be understood that it applies equally to other fluids which require filtering such as blood, plasma, wine, air, nitrogen, oxygen etc.
- the apparatus and method of the present invention may be used in many fields, for example, in filtering in medical applications, in filtering air for dust extraction or air conditioning either of a room or in a portable device such as a cleaner.
- the filter may also be used to filter water for irrigation, fisheries, hatcheries, swimming pools, baths and ponds in general.
- a pressurised filtration system as shown in FIG. 18 the present invention has found particular application in the extraction of dust, for example MDF dust, from air.
- the filter unit and assemblies of the present invention find ready application in a wide range of fields.
- the aperture size of the mesh may be adjusted depending on the nature of the medium being filtered. For example, for the filtering of air, an aperture size down to 1 micron may be used with no difficulty.
Abstract
A filter unit for filtering particulates and other foreign matter from a fluid supply, comprising a filtering chamber. At least a portion of an exterior of the filtering chamber being provided with a mesh through which fluid may enter the filtering chamber in use. The mesh being sized to filter particulates and other foreign matter from the fluid. The filter unit further comprising an outlet through which filtered fluid exits the filter unit, and a rotatable member located within the filtering chamber, the rotatable member having at least one outlet spaced from an internal face of a mesh. The axis of rotation of the rotatable member being such that the at least one outlet traverses at least a substantial portion of the internal face of a mesh. The filter unit further comprising a dedicated pump having an inlet communicating with the filtering chamber and an outlet communicating solely with the rotatable member such that operation of the pump causes filtered fluid from within the filtering chamber to be pumped through the rotatable member to exit the at least one outlet and impinge on the internal face of the mesh so as to cause particulates and other foreign matter located on an external face of the mesh to be dislodged.
Description
- The present invention relates to a filter unit for filtering particulates and other foreign matter from a fluid supplies. In addition, the invention relates to filter unit assemblies and filtration systems and methods of filtration using the filter unit.
- It is known to provide filter units and filtration systems in water supplies in order to remove particulate matter and other foreign matter from the water supply. One example of the use of such a filter unit and filtration system is in filtering the water supply for a fish pond or aquarium.
- It is known to filter a water supply by passing the water supply through a small aperture mesh to thereby remove particles and foreign matter having a diameter greater than the aperture size of the mesh. However, a problem with such a system is that the mesh quickly becomes blocked with the particles and foreign matter removed from the water supply at which point the filtration system ceases to function and the water supply is substantially cut-off. It is therefore necessary to regularly clean the meshes of such filtration systems. This process normally involves dismantling the filtration system which is both time-consuming and complicated. In addition, during maintenance of the system, the water supply must be cut off.
- GB 2 293 333 proposes one solution to such a problem wherein a filtering chamber is provided surrounded by a small aperture mesh. Water is drawn through the unit and through the mesh and out of an outlet pipe by means of a pump. A tapping of filtered water from the pumped outlet of the filter chamber is then diverted via a return conduit into a back washing nozzle assembly in the form of a rotatable impeller. The water is spread from outlets of the impeller against the interior face of the mesh in the hope of dislodging particles and debris on the exterior face of the mesh. However, the device of GB 2 293 333 suffers from a number of drawbacks. Firstly, the filter is only useable with an actively pumped filtration system. In other words, the filter unit cannot be used with a gravity-fed system which is commonly found in larger aquaria and fish ponds. Secondly, in order to produce a sufficient dislodging force of the water from the impeller, it has been found necessary to divert a very significant proportion of the filtered water from the outlet back into the rotatable impeller. Potentially up to 90% of the water pumped through the filter unit must be diverted back to the rotatable impeller. Even then, the minimum pore size of the mesh which may be used with such a filter is restricted to greater than about 250 microns otherwise the pressure drop across the filter unit becomes too great and the volumetric throughput of the filter unit becomes too low.
- The present invention aims to provide a filter unit which overcomes the disadvantages of known devices.
- Accordingly, the present invention provides a filter unit for filtering particulates and other foreign matter from a fluid supply, comprising a filtering chamber, at least a portion of an exterior of the filtering chamber being provided with a mesh through which fluid may enter the filtering chamber in use, the mesh being sized to filter particulates and other foreign matter from the fluid, the filter unit further comprising an outlet through which filtered fluid exits the filter unit, and a rotatable member located within the filtering chamber, the rotatable member having at least one outlet spaced from an internal face of a mesh, the axis of rotation of the rotatable member being such that the at least one outlet traverses at least a substantial portion of the internal face of a mesh, the filter unit further comprising a dedicated pump having an inlet communicating with the filtering chamber and an outlet communicating solely with the rotatable member such that operation of the pump causes filtered fluid from within the filtering chamber to be pumped through the rotatable member to exit the at least one outlet and impinge on the internal face of the mesh so as to cause particulates and other foreign matter located on an external face of the mesh to be dislodged.
- The present invention also provides a filter unit assembly comprising a filter unit as provided above and a tank housing in which the filter unit is located, the tank housing being provided with an inlet for entry of fluid into the tank unit and the outlet of the filter unit forming the outlet of the tank housing.
- The present invention further provides a filtration system comprising one or more filter units assemblies as provided above.
- The present invention further provides a method of filtering fluid to remove particulates and other foreign matter comprising the steps of passing the fluid through a filtering chamber having a mesh sized to filter the particulates and other foreign matter from the fluid, outputting the fluid from the filtering chamber through an outlet of the filtering chamber, wherein a dedicated pump is used to pump fluid from the filtering chamber exclusively through a rotatable member located within the filtering chamber to exit through at least one outlet of the rotatable member to impinge on an interior face of the mesh so as to dislodge particulates and other foreign matter located on an exterior face of the mesh.
- The present invention further provides a filtration system for filtering particulates and other foreign matter from a fluid supply, comprising a tank with an inlet and an outlet, a filtration unit through which fluid must pass to reach the outlet, and a sump in which particulates and other foreign matter from the fluid accumulates, the sump having an outlet, a drainage conduit communicating with the outlet, a pump for withdrawing fluid and accumulated particulates and other foreign matter through the outlet and discharging it to a drainage conduit, and a programmable controller for operating a valve and pump.
- Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a filter unit in accordance with the present invention;
- FIG. 2 is a further side elevation of the filter unit of FIG. 1 with certain parts omitted for clarity;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional elevation of the filter unit of FIG. 1, again with certain parts omitted for clarity;
- FIG. 3a is a cross-sectional elevation of an alternative filter unit, again with certain parts omitted for clarity;
- FIG. 3b is a plan view of the filter unit of FIG. 3a;
- FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the filter unit of FIG. 1, showing hidden components in broken lines;
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional detail of part of the filter unit of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional detail of another part of the filter unit of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 6b is a cross-sectional detail of an alternative part to that of FIG. 6;
- FIG. 7 is a cross-section detail of a further part of the filter unit of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 8 is a side elevation of a rotor as used in the filter unit of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the rotor of FIG. 8;
- FIG. 9a is a top plan view of an alternative rotor;
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a detail of the rotor of FIG. 8;
- FIG. 11 is a top plan view of an inlet conduit as used in the filter unit of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional side elevation of the inlet conduit of FIG. 11;
- FIG. 13 is a schematic elevation of the filter unit of FIG. 1 in a first type of tank housing;
- FIG. 13a is a schematic elevation of another filter unit assembly in accordance with the present invention;
- FIG. 13b is a schematic elevation of another filter unit assembly in accordance with the present invention;
- FIG. 14 is a schematic elevation of the filter unit of FIG. 1 in a second type of tank housing;
- FIG. 15 is a schematic elevation of the filter unit of FIG. 1 in a third type of tank housing connected to a biological cleaning stage housing;
- FIG. 16 is a schematic elevation of a plurality of the filter units of FIG. 1 in a vertical stack formation; and
- FIG. 17 is a schematic elevation of an alternative tank housing in accordance with the present invention;
- FIG. 17a is a schematic elevation of an alternative tank housing in accordance with the present invention;
- FIG. 17b is a schematic elevation of another alternative tank housing in accordance with the present invention; and
- FIG. 18 is a cross sectional view of another filtration unit in accordance with the present invention; and
- FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a filtration system in accordance with the present invention.
- Referring to FIGS.1 to 3, a filter unit 1 in accordance with the present invention comprises a
filter unit housing 10 having circular upper andlower covers 11, 12. Amesh 13 extends around the circumference of thefilter unit housing 10 extending between the upper cover 11 andlower cover 12. The upper cover 11,lower cover 12 andmesh 13 together define a cylindrically shaped filter chamber 9. - Preferably the materials of the filter unit, except where otherwise mentioned, are made of stainless steel grade316.
- An
outlet 15 is provided at a centre of the filter chamber 9 in thelower cover 12. Arubber sleeve 16 located at an end of theoutlet 15 allows the outlet of the filter chamber 9 to be connected to a pipe or other conduit of varying diameter from approximately 7.5 cm to 15 cm. - Referring to FIGS.3 to 7, the
mesh 13 is mounted to the upper cover 11 andlower cover 12 by means oftie brackets 33. Eachtie bracket 33 comprises an elongated strip of metal having an inturned flange at either end. Themesh 13 is spot welded to a number oftie brackets 33. The mesh and tie bracket assembly is then connected to the upper cover 11 and thelower cover 12 by virtue ofbolts 28, 26. A ‘fluidtight’ seal is provided byannular seals annular channels 34, 35 formed in the upper cover 11 andlower cover 12 respectively. As seen in FIGS. 5 to 7, themesh 13 protrudes into the upper andlower seals mesh 13. - An alternative seal is illustrated in FIG. 6b wherein the annular channel is dispensed with. Instead an enlarged gasket or o-
ring 20′ is provided which is sandwiched between thetie bracket 33 andlower cover 12 as thebolt 26 is fastened. As a result the O-ring 20 bulges outwards to form a face seal against themesh 13. This seal may be used on the upper andlower covers 11, 12. - The
mesh 13 is also made of stainless steel grade 316. The aperture size of themesh 13 can be varied depending on the required degree of filtration. However, in accordance with the present invention aperture sizes of 200 microns or less can be utilised. One form ofmesh 13 is a Hollander weave mesh of aperture size 100 microns. The Hollander weave construction has been found to offer good resistance to work hardening and fatigue failure. Other mesh types such as wedge wire screen (also known as triangular bar screen) and plain weaves may be used. Themesh 13 may also be made of nylon of a suitable thickness. - A rotatable member in the form of a
rotor 14 is provided within the filter chamber 9 having an axis of rotation which is substantially vertical and coincident with the major axis of the cylindrical filter chamber 9. Therotor 14 is mounted to the upper cover 11 andlower cover 12 by bolts. - Referring to FIGS.8 to 10, the
rotor 14 of the filter unit 1 comprises a vertically orientatedhollow rotor shaft 21 and ahollow rotor arm 22 which extends substantially perpendicular thereto. Preferably, therotor arm 22 androtor shaft 21 are welded together. At each distal end of therotor arm 22, there is provided arotor nozzle 23. Eachrotor nozzle 23 comprises anoutlet 29 which is angled at an angle a (alpha) to a radial direction 36 passing coincident to therotor arm 22 as shown in FIG. 9. Angle a may be varied substantially 0 and 90 degrees. Preferably, a is between 35 and 50 degrees. In one example the twooutlets 29 are both set with an α of 45 degrees. The twooutlets 29 may be set at different angles; for example, one outlet may have an α of 35 degrees and the other 50 degrees. Alternatively, one of the outlets may be at 0 degrees and the other outlet at an angle greater than 0 degrees. - Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 9a, the
nozzle outlets 29 may be set at 0 degrees and one ormore openings 29 a provided in the side walls of thenozzle 23 through which a proportion of the water passes in order to rotate therotor 14. - A
pump 17 is provided attached to an exterior of thefilter unit housing 10. An inlet of thepump 17 is connected to an interior of the filter chamber 9 by means of anaperture 32 in the lower cover 12 (as shown in FIG. 4). An outlet of thepump 17 connects solely to therotor 14 via anaperture 31 in thelower cover 12 and aninlet conduit 19. Thepump 17 is consequently dedicated to supplying water torotor 14. - The
pump 17 is preferably an electric pump powered by an external power source. The pump has a rating of greater than 2,000 litres per hour and preferably greater than 4,000 litres per hour. One example of a suitable pump is the ‘Nautilus 6,000’ pump manufactured by Oase having a rating of 6,000 litres per hour. - Referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, the
inlet conduit 19 of the filter unit 1 is provided with afirst aperture 31 a and a second aperture 30 a. When positioned in the filter unit 1, thefirst aperture 31 a coincides with theaperture 31 in the lower cover which provides a connection with the outlet of thepump 17. Likewise, the second aperture 30 a is coincident with a base of thehollow rotor shaft 21. As such, the outlet of thepump 17 communicates with the interior of therotor 14 via thepump outlet aperture 31,aperture 31 a,internal conduit 19, aperture 30 a androtor shaft 21. - An air bleed
valve 18 is provided in upper cover 11 to allow air trapped in the filter unit 1 during installation to be bled off. - The use of the filter unit1 will now be described by way of example only and for clarity for use with water. However, other fluids, being liquids or gases, may be filtered using the present invention.
- The filter unit1 is installed in use in a
tank housing 40 to form a filter unit assembly. FIG. 13 shows a first type oftank housing 40 which comprises aninlet 41 located at or near a top of thetank housing 40, anoutlet pipe 42 and a sump 43 provided with abottom drain line 44. The filter unit 1 is installed in thetank housing 40 with theoutlet 15 being connected to theoutlet pipe 42 by means of therubber sleeve 16 and a jubilee clip. Thetank housing 40 is then filled with water frominlet 41. During this stage thebleed valve 18 may be operated to remove any air trapped in the filter unit 1. - In operation, there is a flow of water from the
inlet 41 to theoutlet pump 42 such that the filter unit 1 is surrounded by water to be filtered. Advantageously, locating theinlet 41 at or near the top of thetank housing 40 causes an overall movement of water downwardly through thetank housing 40 towards filter unit 1 which aids removal of particulates and other foreign matter from themesh 13 and speeds up settling of the debris in sump 43. In addition, the conical shape of the sump 43 aids downward movement of the debris towards thebottom drain line 44. - The filter unit assembly may be either gravity-fed or an actively pumped filtration assembly. Either due to the force of gravity or due to the action of the active pumping, water is passed through the
tank housing 40 and filter unit 1 by entering throughmesh 13 and exiting throughoutlet 15 into theoutlet pipe 42. - At the same time, pump17 is operated to pump water solely through
rotor 14. The water pumped bypump 17 originates from within the filter chamber 9 and is therefore free of any particulates or other foreign matter larger than the aperture size of themesh 13. Water is pumped into thepump 17 via theinlet aperture 32 in thelower cover 12 and pumped out of thepump outlet aperture 31 only into theinlet conduit 19 androtor shaft 21. The pumped water is then forced along both arms of therotor arm 22 and out of therotor outlets 29 ofrotor nozzles 23. Due to the angle a of theoutlets 29 of therotor nozzles 23, the outflowing water causes therotor arm 22 to rotate. The water outflowing from therotor outlets 29 is directed against an interior face of themesh 13 before passing therethrough. This flow of water causes particulates and other foreign matter lodged on the outer exterior face of themesh 13 to be dislodged and to fall away from themesh 13 into sump 43. Periodically thebottom drain line 44 is opened to remove the collected waste material. - Advantageously, since the flow of water through the
rotor 14 is not taken from theoutlet 42, operation of therotor 14 does not produce a decrease in the volumetric flow rate or efficiency of the filter unit 1. - A modified type of
tank housing 540 is shown in FIG. 13a in which a plate, insert or partition 511 is located. The filter unit 1 is positioned such that its mid-point is level with the partition 511. Anorifice 512 is provided in the partition 511 in which the filter unit 1 is located. The partition 511 promotes downward flow within thetank housing 540 due, in part, to the pressure gradient across the partition due to a venturi effect. The downward flow helps the settling of solids in the sump of thetank housing 540 and also helps prevent the water below the partition 511 being disturbed by the water entering the tank housing through the inlet. Further, the partition 511 ensures that the water entering the tank is directed towards themesh 13 of the filter unit 1 for filtration. - For maximum efficiency, the radius of the
orifice 512 has been found to be as follows: - R 0={square root}{square root over ( )}((πr 2+3η)/π)
- where
- R0=radius of orifice
- r=radius of filter in centimetres and
- η=flow rate through filter in litres.
- This formula can also be used to determine the radius of the tank housing in the version shown in FIG. 13, for example.
- Another variant of the tank housing is shown in FIG. 13b. In this variant the function of the partition 511 has been incorporated as part of the internal shape of the housing itself. An
upper region 515 of the housing is frusto-conical in shape. Alower region 516 is cylindrical in shape. The junction between theupper region 515 and thelower region 516 is located level with the mid-point of the filter unit 1. This has the same effect as in the previously described variant of creating a pressure gradient which encourages downward flow of water within the tank housing. - In addition, the tank housing comprises a
sump 517 which has a much reduced cross-sectional area. This has the result of reducing the amount of water which must be emptied fro the tank housing when clearing thesump 517. In addition, the water exiting thesump 517 intodrain line 518 will speed up due to the restriction in diameter. The high velocities produced ensure that all the collected debris is efficiently removed whilst only using a small volume of water. - FIG. 14 show a second type of
tank housing 40′ in which the filter unit 1 may be installed. This type of installation occurs typically where an already fitted ‘vortex’ type filter unit is converted to operate with the filter unit 1 of the present invention. The installation shows how the filter unit 1 may be orientated upside-down without impairing performance. Theinlet 41′ is also provided with a 90 degree elbow pipe 50 to move the effective inlet 51 of thetank housing 40′ to at or near the top of the housing. It has been found that increased performance of the filter unit 1 occurs where thetank housing 40′ is filled in a non-vortex producing manner such that the inflowing water fills thetank housing 40′ from the bottom up without a significant water flow in the radial or tangential directions. However, the filter unit 1 may be used in a vortex tank housing. - FIG. 15 illustrates a third type of
tank housing 40″ in which the filter unit 1 of the present invention may be installed. Theoutlet 42″ of thetank housing 40″ is provided with asecondary pump 54 separate from thededicated pump 17 of the filter unit 1. Thesecondary pump 54 operates to drive water through thetank housing 40″. The figure also illustrates how biological filtering or cleaning stages 55 my be arranged in series with the filter unit assembly of the present invention to form an integrated filtration system. - FIG. 16 illustrates a further embodiment of the present invention wherein a plurality of the filter unit assemblies are arranged in a vertical stack formation. The
outlet 15 of the uppermost filter unit 1 is connected to theinlet 41 of the nextlowermost tank housing 40 and so on down to the lowermost filter unit 1 whoseoutlet 15 is connected to the outlet of the filtration system. Preferably the aperture size of themeshes 13 in the filter units 1 decreases down the stack from a mesh size of 100 microns or greater in the uppermost filter unit to a mesh size of 25 microns or less in the lowermost filter unit. In this way a progressive filtration system is provided. - Adjacent filter unit assemblies may advantageously be joined sealingly with one another with the provision of gaskets or O-ring seals60. Of course the successive filter unit assemblies may be arranged otherwise than in a vertical formation; for example, they may be arranged horizontally where the filtration system is actively pumped.
- FIG. 17 shows a further embodiment of filter unit assembly in accordance with the present invention. The
filter unit assembly 110 comprises atank 112. The tank has aninlet 114 and an outlet 118. A filter unit 1 is located in the tank. Water entering the tank must pass through the filtration unit in order to leave thetank 112 through the outlet 118. A lower portion of the tank forms asump 120 which tapers towards anoutlet 122 and adrainage pipe 124. - The filter unit1 may be as described in any of the above embodiments. Alternatively, another type of filter unit may be used in
tank 112. - A
drainage pipe 124 is connected to theoutlet 122 of thesump 120 and is arranged with an outlet or vent toatmosphere 140 at a level higher than the level of theinlet 114 into thetank 112. This ensures that the head of water in thedrainage pipe 124 is greater than that in thetank 112. Thus, water entering thetank 112 does not simply drain away, cutting off supply to the outlet 118. - However, the
outlet 122 from thesump 120 to thedrainage pipe 124 may also be closed by avalve 134 of any suitable type such as a gate valve or ball valve. - A
pump 136 is provided to pump water and accumulated debris whenever desired (and when thevalve 134 is open, if provided) from thesump 120 and along thedrainage pipe 124 to waste. The pump may be of any suitable type which is able to operate without fouling due to the debris which may be present in the water. - The valve134 (if present) and pump 136 are operated by a
programmable controller 138 which includes a time clock and which can be preset to activate the valve and pump at desired intervals and for a desired length of time. For example, a conventional domestic central heating timer can be used. - The controller can be set to operate the
valve 134 and pump 136 as often as necessary and for as long as necessary. For example, when the system is newly installed and the water to be filtered is particularly laden with particulates and other foreign matter, it may be necessary to clear the accumulated debris every two hours or so, operating the pump for, say, ten minutes each time. Once this initial filtration has occurred, ongoing filtration may require a lower frequency of perhaps twice a day. - FIG. 17a shows one variant of tank housing having a
sump 120 which can be automatically emptied. The emptying of thesump 120 is controlled by the pressure of thededicated pump 132 of the filter unit 1. Thevalve 134 connected to thedrain line 124 is held shut by the water pressure from thepump 132 via a transfer means 146. Thevalve 134 can only open when thepump 132 is switched off. Opening of thevalve 134 is caused by action of aspring 147 located in thevalve 134. The switching of thepump 132 can be controlled by a timing means such as asegmented time switch 148. - FIG. 17b shows an alternative arrangement in which a
pump 136 is connected to the drain point. The operating times of thepump 136 are controlled by a timing means such as asegmented time switch 148. The outlet of thepump 136 is connected to an upstandingU-bend pipe 149 to prevent drainback of waste water. - It will be apparent that a number of modifications may be made to this embodiment without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, a different type of filtration unit may be used. A filtration system comprising a number of tanks and filtration units through which water passes consecutively may be employed, with each tank including a sump and automated discharge system in accordance with the invention.
- Variations to any of the embodiments described above may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, the filter unit1 may be provided with a
rotor 14 having only asingle outlet 29 or more than twooutlets 29. Thepump 17 may be provided remote from the filter unit 1 rather than being attached thereto. In the case of multiple filter units 1, asingle pump 17 may be used to supply water to all therotors 14. Themesh 13 has been described as made of stainless steel. However, other materials such as heavy duty plastic may be utilised. - The rating of the
dedicated pump 17 may be varied depending on the aperture size of themesh 13. For example, it may be preferred to use a pump such as the ‘Oase USP60’. - Another variation which may be made to the filter unit assemblies of the above embodiments is the provision of a timer switch so as to enable operation of the
rotor 14 and pump 17 at periodic intervals as opposed to continuous operation. This has the advantage that the apparatus uses less power. In addition, with thepump 17 switched off, themesh 13 starts to become blocked by particles in the water. As it does so, the effective aperture size of themesh 13 decreases leading to the filtration of smaller particles. When thepump 17 is activated the water from therotor 14 tends to remove the solids on themesh 13 in the form of ‘sheets’ which more readily settle out in the sump of the tank housing than do individual particles. The periodic operation ofpump 17 is controlled by a switching means such as a simple timer. More advantageously the operation can be controlled by a float switch in the tank housing where the filter unit assembly is actively pumped. As themesh 13 becomes progressively blocked, the water level in the tank housing starts to rise which eventually triggers the float switch to turn on thepump 17. Where the filter unit assembly is gravity fed, the float switch would be situated in a container downstream of the tank housing. In this case, blockage of themesh 13 will lead to reduction in the water level in the downstream container thus activating the float switch and pump 17. - Where the filter unit assembly is pressurised, a pressure switch may be used as the switching means.
- Advantageously, a switching relay may be used to coordinate operation of the
pump 17 of the filter unit and the circulatory pump of the filtration system such that the general circulatory pump is switched off when the dedicated pump of the filter unit is switched on. This has the advantage that the water exiting therotor 14 and impinging on themesh 13 does not have to work against an inflow of water through themesh 13. - FIG. 18 shows a further embodiment of the present invention in which the
tank housing 540 is pressurised, in other words the filter unit assembly is part of a closed system which is not open to atmosphere. An airtight lid 545 is provided to seal the filter unit assembly. Alternatively, thetank housing 540 may be made as a pressurisable unit. The filter unit 1 and assembly may otherwise be as described in the above embodiments. In particular, the unit 1 may be located in an orifice formed in apartition 546, and asump 543 is provided communicating with adrain line 544. A major advantage of a filter unit assembly which is pressurised is that it may be used in a filtration system that has no loss of head. Such a system is shown schematically in FIG. 19. The output of thefilter unit assembly 540 inputs into abiological filter stage 560 which then outputs into awater source 570. Water is supplied from the water source 50 to thefilter unit assembly 540 by acirculatory pump 580. Advantageously only one pump is required to circulate water round the whole system. This differs to current systems used in aquaculture where the filtration stage is non-pressurised. Consequently head is lost at the filtration stage and therefore another pump is required to move the water through the biological filter stage and back to thewater source 570. Alternatively, and also disadvantageously, the filtration system has to be arranged with large vertical displacements between the stages to develop enough pressure head. The pressurised system of the present invention may all be arranged compactly at one level. - Another variation of the filter unit of the present invention is the use of a dedicated supply of fluid to the
rotor 14 of the filter unit 1. In the embodiments described above, the rotor is supplied with water by means ofdedicated pump 17. Alternatively a different dedicated supply may be utilised such as a mains water supply or a source of otherwise pressurised water. For example,rotor 14 could be plumbed in communication with a header tank of water having sufficient head to provide adequate water pressure. - In a further variation, the
rotor 14 may be supplied with a dedicated supply of a gas such as air. Air may be used where the medium being filtered is either a gas or a liquid. The rotor gas may be from a compressed gas supply or air powered by an air pump having a rating of 100 litres/minute. The source of the gas may be from within the filter unit 1 where the medium being filtered is that gas or alternatively the source may be external. - In another variation, the motive force for rotating the
rotor 14 may be provided by means other than the throughput of fluid though the rotor. For example an electric motor may be used or mechanical gears driven by the flow of fluid. In this case thenozzles 29 of the rotor do not need to be angled. - In a further variation, the filter unit1 may be constructed as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3 b wherein the top cover 11 is removeable simply by undoing a finger nut 11 a threaded on
spindle 21. Once the top cover 11 is removed themesh 13 may be lifted out in one piece for cleaning and/or replacement and therotor 14 may be accessed. - Whilst the present invention has been described above in detail for use with water it is to be understood that it applies equally to other fluids which require filtering such as blood, plasma, wine, air, nitrogen, oxygen etc. The apparatus and method of the present invention may be used in many fields, for example, in filtering in medical applications, in filtering air for dust extraction or air conditioning either of a room or in a portable device such as a cleaner. The filter may also be used to filter water for irrigation, fisheries, hatcheries, swimming pools, baths and ponds in general. For example, using a pressurised filtration system as shown in FIG. 18 the present invention has found particular application in the extraction of dust, for example MDF dust, from air. The filter unit and assemblies of the present invention find ready application in a wide range of fields. The aperture size of the mesh may be adjusted depending on the nature of the medium being filtered. For example, for the filtering of air, an aperture size down to 1 micron may be used with no difficulty.
Claims (81)
1. A filter unit for filtering particulates and other foreign matter from a fluid supply, comprising a filtering chamber, at least a portion of an exterior of the filtering chamber being provided with a mesh through which fluid may enter the filtering chamber in use, the mesh being sized to filter particulates and other foreign matter from the fluid, the filter unit further comprising an outlet through which filtered fluid exits the filter unit, and a rotatable member located within the filtering chamber, the rotatable member having at least one outlet spaced from an internal face of a mesh, the axis of rotation of the rotatable member being such that the at least one outlet traverses at least a substantial portion of the internal face of a mesh, the filter unit further comprising a dedicated pump having an inlet communicating with the filtering chamber and an outlet communicating solely with the rotatable member such that operation of the pump causes filtered fluid from within the filtering chamber to be pumped through the rotatable member to exit the at least one outlet and impinge on the internal face of the mesh so as to cause particulates and other foreign matter located on an external face of the mesh to be dislodged.
2. A filter unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pump is located remote from the filtering chamber.
3. A filter unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pump is attached to the filtering chamber.
4. A filter unit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the pump has a rating of greater than 2,000 litres per an hour, preferably, greater than 4,000 litres per hour.
5. A filter unit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the rotatable member has two outlets located at opposite ends of the rotatable member.
6. A filter unit as claimed in claim 5 , wherein at least one of the outlets of the rotatable member is angled at between 0° and 90° of a radial direction passing through the axis rotation of the rotatable member.
7. A filter unit as claimed in claim 6 , wherein at least one of the outlets of the rotatable member is angled at between 30° and 50° of a radial direction passing through the axis rotation of the rotatable member.
8. A filter unit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein at least one outlet of the rotatable member is angled at substantially 90° to a radial direction passing through the axis rotation of the rotatable member.
9. A filter unit as claimed in claim 7 , wherein at least one of the outlets of the rotatable member is angled at substantially 45° to the radial direction.
10. A filter unit as claimed in any preceding claim wherein means are provided to rotate the rotor.
11. A filter unit as claimed in claim 10 wherein the means are an electric motor.
12. A filter unit as claimed in claim 10 wherein the means are mechanical gears driven by a flow of fluid.
13. A filter unit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the mesh has an aperture size of less than 1000 microns.
14. A filter unit as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the mesh has an aperture size of approximately 100 microns or less.
15. A filter unit as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the mesh has an aperture size of approximately 10 microns or less.
16. A filter unit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the mesh is one of a hollander weave mesh, a wedge wire screen or a plain weave.
17. A filter unit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the mesh is made of stainless steel grade 316.
18. A filter unit as claimed in any of claims 1 to 16 wherein the mesh is made of nylon.
19. A filter unit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the outlet of the pump communicates with a basal portion of the rotatable member via an inlet conduit.
20. A filter unit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the outlet of the filter unit comprises a flexible sleeve for attaching the outlet to a pipe or other conduit.
21. A filter unit as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the sleeve is made of rubber or similar material.
22. A filter unit for filtering particulates and other foreign matter from a fluid supply, comprising a filtering chamber, at least a portion of an exterior of the filtering chamber being provided with a mesh through which fluid may enter the filtering chamber in use, the mesh being sized to filter particulates and other foreign matter from the fluid, the filter unit further comprising an outlet through which filtered fluid exits the filter unit, and a rotatable member located within the filtering chamber, the rotatable member having at least one outlet spaced from an internal face of a mesh, the axis of rotation of the rotatable member being such that the at least one outlet traverses at least a substantial portion of the internal face of a mesh, the filter unit further comprising a dedicated supply of fluid having an outlet communicating solely with the rotatable member such that fluid is supplied through the rotatable member to exit the at least one outlet and impinge on the internal face of the mesh so as to cause particulates and other foreign matter located on an external face of the mesh to be dislodged.
23. A filter unit as claimed in claim 22 wherein the dedicated supply of fluid is a source of pressurised water.
24. A filter unit as claimed in claim 23 wherein the water is pressurised by mains pressure.
25. A filter unit as claimed in claim 23 wherein the water is pressurised by an impeller.
26. A filter unit as claimed in claim 23 wherein the water is pressurised by a head of water.
27. A filter unit as claimed in claim 22 wherein the dedicated supply of fluid is a source of pressurised gas.
28. A filter unit as claimed in claim 27 wherein the gas is air.
29. A filter unit as claimed in claim 28 wherein the air is pressurised by an air pump.
30. A filter unit assembly comprising a filter unit as claimed in any preceding claim and a tank housing in which the filter unit is located, the tank housing being provided with an inlet for entry of fluid into the tank unit and the outlet of the filter unit forming the outlet of the tank housing.
31. A filter unit assembly as claimed in claim 30 wherein fluid is pumped through the tank housing by a secondary pump separate from the dedicated pump.
32. A filter unit assembly as claimed in claim 30 , wherein the inlet is orientated so as to create a vortex of fluid within the tank housing to aid separation of particulates and other foreign matter.
33. A filter unit assembly as claimed in claim 32 wherein fluid is fed by gravity through the tank housing.
34. A filter unit assembly as claimed in any of claims 30 to 33 , wherein the tank housing inlet is located at or near a top of the tank housing.
35. A filter unit assembly as claimed in claim 34 , wherein the tank housing inlet is provided with an elbow so as to deflect fluid entering the tank housing into a direction other than the radial.
36. A filter unit assembly as claimed in any of claims 30 to 35 wherein the tank housing comprises a sump in which particulates dislodged from said filter unit accumulate.
37. A filter unit assembly as claimed in any of claims 30 to 36 wherein the filter unit is located in an orifice.
38. A filter unit assembly as claimed in claim 37 wherein the radius of the orifice is defined by:
R 0={square root}{square root over ( )}((πr 2+3η)/π)
where
R0=radius of orifice
r=radius of filter in centimetres and
η=flow rate through filter in litres.
39. A filter unit assembly as claimed in any of claims 37 to 38 wherein the orifice is provided in a partition forming a portion of the tank housing.
40. A filter unit assembly as claimed in any of claims 30 to 39 wherein switching means are provided for enabling periodic operation of the dedicated pump.
41. A filter unit assembly as claimed in claim 40 wherein the switching means is a timer switch.
42. A filter unit assembly as claimed in claim 40 wherein the switching means is a float switch activatable by the fluid level in the tank housing.
43. A filter unit assembly as claimed in claim 41 wherein the switching means is a float switch activatable by the fluid level in a container downstream of the tank housing.
44. A filter unit assembly as claimed in any of claims 42 to 43 wherein means are provided to inhibit entry of fluid into the tank unit when the dedicated pump is switched on.
45. A filter unit assembly as claimed in claim 44 wherein a circulatory pump of the filtration system is switched off when the dedicated pump is switched on.
46. A filter unit assembly as claimed in any of claims 30 to 45 which is pressurisable.
47. A filter unit assembly as claimed in claim 46 wherein the tank housing is a pressure vessel.
48. A filtration system comprising one or more filter units assemblies as claimed in any of claims 30 to 47 .
49. A filtration system as claimed in claim 48 , comprising a plurality of filter unit assemblies as claimed in any of claims 30 to 47 , wherein the filter unit assemblies are arranged sequentially, wherein the tank housing outlet of each filter unit assembly is connected to the tank housing inlet of the subsequent filter unit assembly or outlet of the filtration system in the case of the last filter unit assembly.
50. A filtration system as claimed in claim 49 wherein the sequential filter unit assemblies are stacked vertically.
51. A filtration system as claimed in claim 50 , wherein a gasket or O-ring seal is provided between adjacent filter unit assemblies.
52. A filtration system as claimed in any of claims 49 to 51 , wherein the mesh aperture size of the filter unit in each successive filter unit assembly decreases in size.
53. A filtration system as claimed in claim 52 , wherein the mesh aperture size of the first filter unit assembly is 100 microns or greater.
54. A filtration system as claimed in any of claims 49 to 53 , wherein the mesh aperture size of the last filter unit assembly is 25 microns or less.
55. A method of filtering fluid to remove particulates and other foreign matter comprising the steps of passing the fluid through a filtering chamber having a mesh sized to filter the particulates and other foreign matter from the fluid, outputting the fluid from the filtering chamber through an outlet of the filtering chamber, wherein a dedicated pump is used to pump fluid from the filtering chamber exclusively through a rotatable member located within the filtering chamber to exit through at least one outlet of the rotatable member to impinge on an interior face of the mesh so as to dislodge particulates and other foreign matter located on an exterior face of the mesh.
56. A method as claimed in claim 55 wherein the dedicated pump is operated periodically.
57. A method as claimed in claim 56 wherein the dedicated pump is switched on and off by virtue of the fluid level in the tank housing.
58. A method as claimed in claim 57 wherein the dedicated pump is switched on and off by virtue of the fluid level in a container downstream of the tank housing.
59. A filtration system for filtering particulates and other foreign matter from a fluid supply, comprising a tank with an inlet and an outlet, a filtration unit through which fluid must pass to reach the outlet, and a sump in which particulates and other foreign matter from the fluid accumulates, the sump having an outlet, a drainage conduit communicating with the outlet, a pump for withdrawing fluid and accumulated particulates and other foreign matter through the outlet and discharging it to a drainage conduit, and a programmable controller for operating a valve and pump.
60. A filtration system as claimed in claim 59 , wherein the outlet from the sump is provided with a valve.
61. A filtration system as claimed in claim 60 , wherein the valve is a gate valve.
62. A filtration system as claimed in claim 60 , wherein the valve is a ball valve.
63. A filtration system as claimed in any of claims 59 to 62 , wherein the controller includes a timer of the type used in central heating systems.
64. A filtration system as claimed in any of claims 59 to 63 , wherein the drainage channel has an outlet or vent to atmosphere at a higher level than the inlet of the tank.
65. A filtration system as claimed in any of claims 59 to 64 , wherein the filtration unit comprises a filtering chamber, at least a portion of an exterior of the filtering chamber being provided with a mesh through which fluid may enter the filtering chamber in use, the mesh being sized to filter particulates and other foreign matter from the fluid, the filter unit further comprising an outlet through which filtered fluid exits the filter unit, and a rotatable member located within the filtering chamber, the rotatable member having at least one outlet spaced from an internal face of a mesh, the axis of rotation of the rotatable member being such that the at least one outlet traverses at least a substantial portion of the internal face of a mesh, the filter unit further comprising a dedicated pump having an inlet communicating with the filtering chamber and an outlet communicating solely with the rotatable member such that operation of the pump causes filtered fluid from within the filtering chamber to be pumped through the rotatable member to exit the at least one outlet and impinge on the internal face of the mesh so as to cause particulates and other foreign matter located on an external face of the mesh to be dislodged.
66. A filter unit as claimed in any of claims 1 to 29 wherein the fluid is a liquid.
67. A filter unit as claimed in claim 66 wherein the liquid is in particular one of wine, blood, plasma or a fuel.
68. A filter unit as claimed in any of claims 1 to 29 wherein the fluid is a gas.
69. A filter unit as claimed in claim 68 wherein the gas is in particular one of air, oxygen, or nitrogen.
70. A filter unit assembly as claimed in any of claims 30 to 47 wherein the fluid is a liquid.
71. A filter unit assembly as claimed in claim 70 wherein the liquid is in particular one of wine, blood, plasma or a fuel.
72. A filter unit assembly as claimed in any of claims 30 to 47 wherein the fluid is a gas.
73. A filter unit as claimed in claim 72 wherein the gas is in particular one of air, oxygen, or nitrogen.
74. A filtration system as claimed in any of claims 48 to 54 or 59 to 65 wherein the fluid is a liquid.
75. A filtration system as claimed in claim 74 wherein the liquid is in particular one of wine, blood, plasma or a fuel.
76. A filtration system as claimed in any of claims 48 to 54 or 59 to 65 wherein the fluid is a gas.
77. A filtration system as claimed in claim 76 wherein the gas is in particular one of air, oxygen, or nitrogen.
78. A method as claimed in any of claims 55 to 58 wherein the fluid is a liquid.
79. A method as claimed in claim 78 wherein the liquid is in particular one of wine, blood, plasma or a fuel.
80. A method as claimed in any of claims 55 to 58 wherein the fluid is a gas.
81. A method as claimed in claim 80 wherein the gas is in particular one of air, oxygen, or nitrogen.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0101489.3 | 2001-01-18 | ||
GB0101489A GB2371244B (en) | 2001-01-18 | 2001-01-18 | Water purification system |
GB0116008.4 | 2001-06-29 | ||
GB0116008A GB2371245C (en) | 2001-01-18 | 2001-06-29 | Water Filter |
GB0127816A GB2382036A (en) | 2001-11-20 | 2001-11-20 | A filtration system |
GB0127816.7 | 2001-11-20 | ||
PCT/GB2001/005549 WO2002056996A1 (en) | 2001-01-18 | 2001-12-14 | Filter |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20040112846A1 true US20040112846A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
Family
ID=27256050
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US10/466,533 Expired - Fee Related US7294257B2 (en) | 2001-01-18 | 2001-12-14 | Water filter |
US10/466,799 Abandoned US20040112846A1 (en) | 2001-01-18 | 2001-12-14 | Filter |
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US10/466,533 Expired - Fee Related US7294257B2 (en) | 2001-01-18 | 2001-12-14 | Water filter |
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EP (2) | EP1361913A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004523345A (en) |
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CA (1) | CA2434358A1 (en) |
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TW (2) | TW592781B (en) |
WO (2) | WO2002056995A1 (en) |
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- 2001-12-14 EP EP01273309A patent/EP1361913A1/en not_active Ceased
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Cited By (11)
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DE102007014430B3 (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-07-31 | Huei-Tarng Liou | Self-cleaning filter for filtering particles and foreign substances from e.g. drinking water, has central tube with ends that are respectively rotatably inserted into water inlet and recess, such that one end stays in connection with inlet |
WO2011032583A1 (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2011-03-24 | Skjølstrup & Grønborg Aps | Water screening |
US20140124431A1 (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2014-05-08 | Johnny Leon LOVE | Filtration method with self-cleaning filter assembly |
US9061226B2 (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2015-06-23 | Johnny Leon LOVE | Filtration method with self-cleaning filter assembly |
WO2012177153A1 (en) | 2011-06-20 | 2012-12-27 | "Doe" Sp. Z O.O. | Filtration net washing method and filter for using that method |
US20140097145A1 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2014-04-10 | Ovivo Luxembourg, S.a.r. I. | Debris filter with splitter box |
US9561454B2 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2017-02-07 | Ovivo Inc. | Debris filter with splitter bar |
US10688419B2 (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2020-06-23 | Ovivo Inc. | Debris filter with filter screen in the form of a spherical section |
US20140116965A1 (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-01 | Machinerie Agricole Bois-Francs Inc. | Separator and method for separating a heterogeneous supply |
US10245531B2 (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2019-04-02 | Tm Industrial Supply, Inc. | High-efficiency automatic self-cleaning strainer |
US11428219B2 (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2022-08-30 | Cameron Farms Hutterite Colony | Liquid intake filters |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002056996A1 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
CN1486210A (en) | 2004-03-31 |
WO2002056995A1 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
TW592781B (en) | 2004-06-21 |
CA2434358A1 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
EP1361913A1 (en) | 2003-11-19 |
IL156833A0 (en) | 2004-02-08 |
US7294257B2 (en) | 2007-11-13 |
JP2004523345A (en) | 2004-08-05 |
EP1363717A1 (en) | 2003-11-26 |
US20040094470A1 (en) | 2004-05-20 |
TWI239258B (en) | 2005-09-11 |
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Legal Events
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