US20040226694A1 - Heat exchanger with removable core - Google Patents
Heat exchanger with removable core Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20040226694A1 US20040226694A1 US10/439,088 US43908803A US2004226694A1 US 20040226694 A1 US20040226694 A1 US 20040226694A1 US 43908803 A US43908803 A US 43908803A US 2004226694 A1 US2004226694 A1 US 2004226694A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- shell
- tank
- heat exchanger
- fluid
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
- F28D7/1607—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0236—Header boxes; End plates floating elements
- F28F9/0239—Header boxes; End plates floating elements floating header boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2280/00—Mounting arrangements; Arrangements for facilitating assembling or disassembling of heat exchanger parts
- F28F2280/02—Removable elements
Abstract
There is provided a heat exchanger, such as an exhaust gas cooler, that has a removable core at least partially disposed in a shell. Tubes extending through the shell fluidly connect tanks at both ends of the shell so that thermal energy can be transferred between a first fluid in the shell and a second fluid in the tubes. At least one of the tanks is defined partially by a tube sheet, and the tank is structured to be moved axially through the shell in a direction toward the opposite tank and removed from the shell with the tubes. A sealing member is disposed between the movable tank and the shell to prevent fluid from flowing therebetween.
Description
- The present invention relates generally to a heat exchanger with a removable core and, more particularly, the invention relates to a heat exchanger with a tank that is axially adjustable, for example, as the components of the heat exchanger expand or contract due to thermal changes.
- Heat exchangers are often used to transfer thermal energy between two or more fluids. For example, hot engine fluids such as oil, water, and exhausted combustion gases that are generated by or circulated through an internal combustion engine can be circulated through a heat exchanger to transfer thermal energy to a coolant, thereby cooling the hot engine fluid. The heat exchanger can be subjected to significant thermal stresses due to the extreme temperatures and temperature variations occurring in the heat exchanger. The thermal stresses can interfere with the operation of the heat exchanger and shorten the life of the heat exchanger, thereby increasing the risk of damage to other components and requiring costly repair or replacement.
- One conventional heat exchanger features a tubular outer shell with opposing tanks mounted at the two opposite open ends of the shell. A plurality of tubes extend through the outer shell to connect the tanks. A first fluid can be circulated between the tanks and a second fluid can be circulated through the shell so that thermal energy is exchanged between the two fluids through the walls of the pipes. One of the tanks can be partially defined by a floating plate to which the tubes are attached.
- The floating plate is not rigidly connected to the shell but rather is sealed to the inner surface of the shell by an o-ring so that the tube moves freely in the axial direction of the shell. The tank with the floating plate can be connected to the shell so that the floating plate moves axially within the tank, or the tank can be connected to the floating plate, i.e., not connected to the shell, so that the entire tank moves axially with the floating plate. In either case, as the tubes are heated or cooled and change in length, the floating plate moves axially accordingly, thereby reducing thermal stresses in the tubes.
- The increased size and complexity of heat exchangers generally increases the costs of manufacture and maintenance. As the number of components and welds or other joints increases, the likelihood of manufacturing errors generally increases. Further, disassembly of a heat exchanger can be difficult and time consuming. For example, if the tubes or other internal components fail, disassembly requires the removal of the tanks from the tubes and removal of the tubes from the shell. In some cases, the cost and complexity of disassembly makes repairs impractical.
- Thus, there exists a need for an improved heat exchanger that reduces thermal stresses. Preferably, the number of components and required joints should be minimized to simplify the manufacture of the heat exchanger. Further, a core portion of the heat exchanger should be removable during disassembly of the heat exchanger.
- Having thus described the invention in general terms, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, and wherein:
- FIG. 1 is section view illustrating a heat exchanger with a removable core according to one embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view illustrating the sealing member of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1, as indicated in FIG. 1; and
- FIG. 3 is a section view of a sealing member according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. Indeed, this invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.
- Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown a heat exchanger according to one embodiment of the present invention. The heat exchanger10 has an
outer shell 20 and areplaceable core 40 that is disposed at least partially therein, thecore 40 being structured to allow for thermal expansion independent of theshell 20. The heat exchanger 10 can be, for example, an exhaust gas cooler (EGC) as shown in FIG. 1 that uses a fluid coolant such as water or oil to cool hot exhaust gases flowing from an engine. The heat exchanger 10 can similarly be used for cooling or heating other fluids, including liquids and gases. - The
shell 20 of the heat exchanger 10 is tubular and extends axially from afirst end 22 to asecond end 24 and defines an interior space 26 and one ormore ports 28, 30 for passing a fluid, for example, the coolant. As shown in FIG. 1, the inlet coolant port 28 receives the coolant, and the coolant then flows through theshell 20 and exits through theoutlet coolant port 30.Baffles 16 can be provided within the shell to direct the flow and increase the speed of the coolant in theshell 20. Theshell 20 can be cylindrical, as shown, or theshell 20 can have a cross-sectional shape defined by other polygons, such as a square. First andsecond tanks 50, 60 are provided at therespective ends shell 20.Tubes 80 or other fluid connection means that extend between the first andsecond tanks 50, 60 provide fluid communication therebetween for another fluid, for example, the hot exhaust gas. As the hot exhaust gas flows between thetanks 50, 60 through thetubes 80, thermal energy from the hot exhaust gas is transferred to the coolant, thereby cooling the hot exhaust gas. - The first tank50 is defined by a first tube sheet 52 and a tank member 54. The tube sheet 52 defines a plurality of holes, which correspond to the
tubes 80, so that thetubes 80 are fluidly connected to the tank 50. The tank 50 also has a port 56 through which the hot exhaust gas from the engine enters the heat exchanger 10. The tube sheet 52 and the tank member 54 are connected to theshell 20, for example, bybolts 12 that extend through the tank member 54, through the tube sheet 52, and into threaded holes in theshell 20. Thebolts 12 are shown to extend in a direction parallel to the axial direction of theshell 20 in FIG. 1, though other configurations are also possible. For example, thebolts 12 can extend transverse to the axial direction of theshell 20 or at an angle to the axial direction. Alternatively, the tank 50 can be connected to theshell 20 by other connection devices, such as clips, clamps, and the like. In addition,gaskets 14 can be provided between the tube sheet 52 and theshell 20 and/or between the tube sheet 52 and the tank member 54. Thegaskets 14, which can be formed of stainless steel or other resilient and/or corrosion resistant materials, seal the connections between the tube sheet 52,shell 20, and tank member 54. Further, thegaskets 14 provide a flexible connection between the tube sheet 52,shell 20, and tank member 54 to accommodate slight changes in the shape or size of the components, for example, as the components heat and cool. - Similarly, the
second tank 60 is defined by asecond tube sheet 62 and asecond tank member 64. Thesecond tube sheet 62 also defines a plurality of holes that correspond to thetubes 80 so that thetubes 80 fluidly connect thesecond tank 60 to the first tank 50. Thesecond tank 60 has aport 66 through which the cooled exhaust gas can exit the heat exchanger 10. Thus, the exhaust gas enters the first tank 50 through the first port 56, flows through thetubes 80 in theshell 20 to thesecond tank 60, and exits the heat exchanger 10 through thesecond port 66. In other embodiments, the exhaust gas can flow in the opposite direction through the heat exchanger 10. Further, the exhaust gas can flow in both directions between thetanks 50, 60 and can flow through thetubes 80 multiple times before exiting the heat exchanger 10, as is known in the art. For example, the first tank 50 can be partitioned into two portions, and thesecond port 66 can be provided on the first tank 50 so that the exhaust gas flows into a first portion of the first tank 50, through some of thetubes 80 to thesecond tank 60, and then throughother tubes 80 to the second portion of the first tank 50, where the exhaust gas exits the heat exchanger 10 through thesecond port 66. Thus, the exhaust gas can be made to flow through theshell 20 twice, thereby increasing the thermal transfer between the exhaust gas and the coolant. - The
second tank 60 is not rigidly connected to theshell 20. Instead, thesecond tank 60 is configured to adjust axially relative to theshell 20 as thetubes 80 thermally expand or contract and change length, or the components of the heat exchanger 10 otherwise change size or shape. As shown in FIG. 2, thesecond tank member 64 is formed of atubular portion 68 and anend portion 70, which are welded together or otherwise connected, for example, by bolts, clamps, an interference fit, or a mechanical interlock such as a snap fit. Thesecond tube sheet 62 is connected to thetubular portion 68, and thetubes 80 are connected to thesecond tube sheet 62. One or more sealingmembers 72, such as o-ring seals, are disposed between theshell 20 and thetubular portion 68 of the second tank. - The sealing
members 72 can be disposed in grooves 74 defined on aninner surface 32 of theshell 20. The sealingmembers 72 fluidly disconnect the interior space 26 from a space exterior to the shell, thereby preventing the coolant in theshell 20 from exiting theshell 20 through a junction between theshell 20 and thesecond tank 60. The junction of theshell 20 and thesecond tank 60 that is sealed by the sealingmembers 72 can define an annular space therebetween or theshell 20 and thesecond tank 60 can be in contact. - The
second tank 60, including thetank member 64 and thetube sheet 62, is connected to thetubes 80 to form thecore 40, which is removable from theshell 20, for example, for repair, maintenance, or replacement. Advantageously, thesecond tank 60 can be smaller than the inside diameter of theshell 20 so that the core 40 can be removed as a unitary structure from thefirst end 22 of theshell 20. For example, the core 40 can be removed by removing thebolts 12 and the first tank member 50, then sliding thesecond tank 60 axially toward thefirst end 22 of theshell 20 and removing thesecond tank 60 with thetubes 80, baffles 16, and the first tube sheet 52. Thus, thecore 40, comprising thesecond tank member 64,tube sheets 52, 62,tubes 80, and baffles 16 can be fixedly attached, e.g., by weld joints, braze joints, solder joints, and the like, and can be removed from theshell 20 as a unitary structure. Further, the exhaust gas can be fluidly contained in thetanks 50, 60 andtubes 80 so that the exhaust gas does not contact the sealingmembers 72, thereby reducing the heating effect of the exhaust gas on the sealingmembers 72. As shown in the figures, the sealingmembers 72 may also advantageously be located adjacent a portion ofsecond tank member 64 that is not directly exposed to the exhaust gas, but is rather exposed to fluid coolant and/or a space exterior to the shell. - As shown in FIG. 3, the sealing
members 72 can be disposed on the second tank, for example, ingrooves 76 defined by thetubular portion 68 of thetank member 64 of thesecond tank 60. Theinner surface 32 of theshell 20 can have a diameter that corresponds in size to the outer surface of thesecond tank 60, for example, thetubular portion 68 thereof, so that the sealingmembers 72 seal theinner surface 32 to the outer surface of thesecond tank 60. Further, aportion 34 of theinner surface 32 proximate thesecond end 24 of theshell 20 can flare radially outward in a direction toward thefirst end 22 of theshell 20, i.e., theinner surface portion 34 is tapered toward thesecond end 24. Thus, thesecond tank 60 can easily be slid axially through theshell 20 during assembly, and theinner surface portion 34 provides a close fit with thesecond tank 60 so that the sealingmembers 72 seal therebetween. - The
shell 20 can be a cast member, for example, formed of cast steel, and theinner surface portion 34 can be a machined surface on theshell 20 with precise tolerances. The shell casting can also define other features such as theports 28, 30, grooves 74, abracket 36 or other device for mounting the heat exchanger 10, and the like. The other components, such as thetank members 54, 64,tube sheets 52, 62, and baffles 16, can be formed of corrosion resistant materials such as stainless steel, and can be stamped, machined, or otherwise formed. - Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention set forth herein will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which this invention pertains having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Therefore, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (22)
1. A heat exchanger with a removable core, the heat exchanger comprising:
a tubular shell extending between first and second ends and defining an interior space for receiving a first fluid;
a core comprising:
a first tank at the first end of the shell;
a second tank at the second end of the shell, the second tank and shell defining a junction therebetween; and
a plurality of fluid-conducting members extending between the first and second tanks and fluidly connecting the first and second tanks such that a second fluid disposed in the tanks is fluidly disconnected from the interior space of the shell; and
a sealing member disposed between the shell and the core such that the core is free to adjust axially relative to the shell and the sealing member prevents fluid from flowing through the junction between the core and the shell,
wherein the core is structured to be axially moved through the shell in a direction from the second end toward the first end of the shell and removed therefrom as a unit.
2. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 wherein the shell defines inlet and outlet ports for circulating the first fluid.
3. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 wherein the second tank comprises a second tank member fixedly attached to a tube sheet, the tube sheet defining a plurality of holes corresponding to the tubes.
4. A heat exchanger according to claim 3 wherein the second tank member is attached to the second tube sheet by at least one of the group that includes a weld joint, a braze joint, and a solder joint.
5. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 wherein the sealing member comprises at least one elastic o-ring.
6. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 wherein at least one of an inner surface of the shell and an outer surface of the second tank defines at least one groove for receiving the sealing member.
7. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 wherein the sealing member fluidly disconnects the interior space of the shell from an exterior of the shell and the sealing member is fluidly disconnected from the second fluid in the second tank.
8. A heat exchanger according to claim 7 wherein the sealing member is adjacent a portion of the second tank that is fluidly disconnected from the second fluid.
9. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 wherein the first tank is removably connected to the shell.
10. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 further comprising a resilient member disposed between the shell and the first tank such that the first tank is flexibly connected to the shell.
11. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 wherein the shell defines a tapered inner surface having an inner surface portion proximate the second end with a diameter that corresponds in size to an outer surface of the second tank such that the sealing member forms a fluid seal therebetween.
12. An exhaust gas cooler with a removable core, the exhaust gas cooler comprising:
a tubular shell extending between first and second ends, the shell defining an interior space and at least one port for receiving a coolant;
a first tank at the first end of the shell, the first tank being defined at least partially by a first tube sheet, the first tank defining at least one port for receiving a hot exhaust gas;
a second tank at the second end of the shell, the second tank being defined at least partially by a second tube sheet and a second tank member fixedly attached to the second tube sheet, the second tank and shell defining an annular junction therebetween;
a plurality of tubes extending between the first and second tube sheets and fluidly connecting the first and second tanks such that the exhaust gas flows therebetween;
a sealing member disposed between the shell and the second tank such that the second tank is configured to adjust axially relative to the shell and the sealing member prevents the coolant fluid from flowing through the junction between the second tank and the shell,
wherein the second tank is structured to be axially moved through the shell in a direction from the second end toward the first end of the shell and removed therefrom.
13. An exhaust gas cooler according to claim 12 wherein the second tank member is attached to the second tube sheet by at least one of the group that includes a weld joint, a braze joint, a solder joint, a bolt, a clamp, an interference fit, and a mechanical interlock.
14. An exhaust gas cooler according to claim 12 wherein the sealing member comprises at least one elastic o-ring.
15. An exhaust gas cooler according to claim 12 wherein at least one of an inner surface of the shell and an outer surface of the second tank defines at least one groove for receiving the sealing member.
16. An exhaust gas cooler according to claim 12 wherein the sealing member fluidly disconnects the interior space in the shell from an exterior of the shell and the sealing member is fluidly disconnected from the second fluid in the second tank.
17. An exhaust gas cooler according to claim 16 wherein the sealing member is adjacent a portion of the second tank that is fluidly disconnected from the second fluid.
18. An exhaust gas cooler according to claim 12 wherein the tube sheets, the tubes, and the second tank are removable from the shell as a unitary structure.
19. An exhaust gas cooler according to claim 12 wherein the first tube sheet is bolted to the shell.
20. An exhaust gas cooler according to claim 12 further comprising a resilient member disposed between the shell and the first tube sheet such that the first tube sheet is flexibly connected to the shell.
21. An exhaust gas cooler according to claim 12 wherein the shell defines an inner surface portion proximate the second end having a diameter that corresponds in size to an outer surface of the second tank, the inner surface portion flaring radially outward in a direction toward the first end of the shell.
22. A heat exchanger with a removable core, the heat exchanger comprising:
a shell means for receiving a first fluid;
first and second tank means for receiving a second fluid, the first and second tank means being configured proximate to first and second ends of the shell means respectively, and the shell means and second tank means defining a junction therebetween;
a connection means for fluidly connecting the first and second tank means; and
sealing means for preventing the first fluid from flowing through the junction between the shell means and the second tank means,
wherein the connection means and the second tank means are configured to adjust axially relative to the shell means and to be removed through the first end of the shell means.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/439,088 US20040226694A1 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2003-05-14 | Heat exchanger with removable core |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/439,088 US20040226694A1 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2003-05-14 | Heat exchanger with removable core |
Publications (1)
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US20040226694A1 true US20040226694A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
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US10/439,088 Abandoned US20040226694A1 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2003-05-14 | Heat exchanger with removable core |
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Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060021743A1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-02-02 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Compressor air cooler with replaceable flange ring |
WO2007048603A2 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-03 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Heat exchanger, method for the production of a heat exchanger |
US20070181294A1 (en) * | 2006-02-07 | 2007-08-09 | Jorg Soldner | Exhaust gas heat exchanger and method of operating the same |
WO2008125309A2 (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-10-23 | Behr Gmbh & Co.Kg | Heat exchanger |
US20090008074A1 (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2009-01-08 | Vamvakitis Dimitri L | Tubular heat exchanger |
US20090159534A1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-25 | Aibel As | Coalescing apparatus, emulsion treatment system and method for coalescing |
US20110067837A1 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2011-03-24 | Harald Schatz | Heat exchanger |
WO2010130679A3 (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2011-04-21 | Titanx Engine Cooling Holding Ab | Remanufactured exhaust gas recirculation cooler and method for remanufacturing a cooler |
CN102759297A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2012-10-31 | 陆飞浩 | Gas cooler |
EP2741045A1 (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-11 | BorgWarner Inc. | Heat exchanger |
JP2014514532A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2014-06-19 | ボルグワーナー エミッションズ システムス スペイン,エセ.エレ.ユー | Heat exchange device for cooling exhaust gas |
US20140338875A1 (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2014-11-20 | Modine Manufacturing Company | 2-pass heat exchanger including thermal expansion joints |
US8915292B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2014-12-23 | Modine Manufacturing Company | Exhaust gas heat exchanger and method of operating the same |
US20160040636A1 (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2016-02-11 | Mahle International Gmbh | Air supply system |
US20170205147A1 (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2017-07-20 | Casale Sa | Shell and tube heat exchanger |
WO2018101045A1 (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-07 | カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 | Heat exchanger |
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Cited By (35)
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WO2006015037A3 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2007-05-18 | Ingersoll Rand Co | Compressor air cooler with replaceable flange ring |
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US20060021743A1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-02-02 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Compressor air cooler with replaceable flange ring |
WO2007048603A3 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-08-02 | Behr Gmbh & Co Kg | Heat exchanger, method for the production of a heat exchanger |
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