US20040249247A1 - Endoscope with panoramic view - Google Patents
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- US20040249247A1 US20040249247A1 US10/836,614 US83661404A US2004249247A1 US 20040249247 A1 US20040249247 A1 US 20040249247A1 US 83661404 A US83661404 A US 83661404A US 2004249247 A1 US2004249247 A1 US 2004249247A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/041—Capsule endoscopes for imaging
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00043—Operational features of endoscopes provided with output arrangements
- A61B1/00045—Display arrangement
- A61B1/0005—Display arrangement combining images e.g. side-by-side, superimposed or tiled
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
- A61B1/00174—Optical arrangements characterised by the viewing angles
- A61B1/00181—Optical arrangements characterised by the viewing angles for multiple fixed viewing angles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
- A61B1/00174—Optical arrangements characterised by the viewing angles
- A61B1/00183—Optical arrangements characterised by the viewing angles for variable viewing angles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/05—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0623—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements for off-axis illumination
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0627—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements for variable illumination angles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
- G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2476—Non-optical details, e.g. housings, mountings, supports
- G02B23/2484—Arrangements in relation to a camera or imaging device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/555—Constructional details for picking-up images in sites, inaccessible due to their dimensions or hazardous conditions, e.g. endoscopes or borescopes
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Abstract
An endoscope capable of capturing images of an in-vivo area behind a distal end of the endoscope's tube. The endoscope may have an imaging unit that may, for example, include a reflective surface that reflects an image of an area surrounding such tube onto an image sensor. Other optical systems may be used for imaging behind one end of an endoscope or imaging device.
Description
- This application claims benefit from U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/466,729, filed on May 1, 2003, entitled “CIRCULAR FIELD-OF-VIEW IMAGING DEVICE” which is incorporated in its entirety by reference herein.
- The invention relates to an endoscope, and more specifically, to an endoscope capable of capturing panoramic images of areas of a body lumen surrounding a tube of such endoscope.
- Endoscopes, such as that depicted in FIG. 1, may be used for visual examination of a body lumen and may generally include a
flexible tube 12 that may be inserted into a body lumenSuch tube 12 may include anend 10 that may be for example flat, rounded or dully pointed. Suchdistal end 10 may include for example alens 16 connected to an imaging sensor, anilluminating device 18 for illuminating an in-vivo area to be viewed by the image sensor, and atool channel 14 through which various tools, such as for example a biopsy tool, or other elements such as water or air, may be passed into an in-vivo area. Other items may terminate or be situated on adistal end 10 of anendoscope tube 12. In general an endoscope may capture images of in-vivo areas that are in front of 20distal end 10 ofau endoscope tube 12. In general an endoscope will not capture images of in-vivo areas that are behind 22distal end 10 and parallel to an endoscope be 12. - An endoscope and method of endoscopy that may include for example introducing an endoscope tube into a body lumen, such endoscope tube including an imaging unit capable of capturing images of an in-vivo area that are for example behind a distal end of such tube, or that may be for example adjacent to and surrounding an outside perimeter of such tube.
- The endoscope may include for example a reflector and lenses suitable or capturing images of an in-vivo area onto an image sensor, such in-vivo area surrounding a tube of such endoscope. In addition, corresponding radial illumination may also be used in the present invention.
- FIG. 1 depicts a prior aft endoscope;
- FIG. 2 depicts an endoscope capable of capturing images from in-vivo areas surrounding an endoscope tube in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
- FIGS. 3A to3E are schematic illustrations helpful to understanding some aspects of the operation of an in-vivo imaging device in accordance with embodiments of the invention;
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method in accordance with embodiments of the invention;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an in-vivo imaging device including a rotating mirror in accordance with embodiments of the invention;
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of endoscopy in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; and
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method of reflecting onto an image sensor an image of an in-vivo area behind a distal end of an endoscope and surrounding a perimeter of a tube of the endoscope in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
- In the following description, various aspects of the present invention will be described. For purposes of explanation, specific configurations and details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will also be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without the specific details presented herein. Furthermore, well known features may be omitted or simplified in order not to obscure the present invention.
- Reference is made to FIG. 2, an endoscope capable of capturing images from in-vivo areas surrounding and/or behind the distal end of an endoscope tube in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Endoscope tube 200 may include adistal end 202 that may be for example flat, rounded or dully pointed. Other suitable shapes or endings may be used In some embodimentsdistal end 202 may include a lens, image sensor and illumination units (not shown) that may capture images of in-vivo areas in front of 204 suchdistal end 202. Behinddistal end 202 may be situated animaging unit 206 that may include animaging sensor 208, one ormore lenses 210, one ormore illumination units 212 and a possibly one or more reflective surface(s) 214.Imaging sensor 208 may be, for example a CCD, CMOS or other suitable image device. Along or maintaining up part of an outside perimeter wall oftube 200 in the area ofillumination units 212, there may be includedtransparent segments 216 such as suitable optical windows that may permit light to exit and enter a portion oftube 200 and that may make up part of the outside wall oftube 200 so thatsuch segments 216 oftube 200 form a shape of a ring or part of a ring or belt of an outside perimeter oftube 200. Other suitable shapes may be used. Thetransparent segments 216 may be fashioned from for example plastic, fiberglass or other suitable materials. - Outside of a patient's body, the endoscopy system may include for example an
image receiver 232 that may include aprocessor 234, adata storage unit 236 and adisplay 230. In someembodiments image receiver 232 may be connected by wires or wirelessly toendoscope 201. In someembodiments image receiver 232 may be included in a personal computer or other workstation. In some embodiments,image receiver 232 may be part of an endoscope unit. In some embodiments,processor 234 may include an image processor or other processor capable of collecting images and displaying such images ondisplay 230. In someembodiments processor 234 may collect one or more images that make up a panoramic view of an in-vivo area and may display such view ondisplay 230.Display 230 may be or include a computer screen or other image or video display monitor.Data storage unit 236 may be or include a hard drive or other electronic storage medium that may store images or other electronic data - In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an
endoscope 201 may be introduced into abody lumen 205. One or more illumination unit(s) 212 may face outward from a perimeter oftube 200 and may illuminate an in-vivo area 218 behinddistal end 202, such area possibly being adjacent to and surroundingtube 200. Light guides, mirrors, or other structures may direct light; in such cases illumination units need not face outward. Light that may be directed outward byillumination unit 212 fromtube 200 onto one or more in-vivo area(s) or object(s) 220A or 220B to be observed that is located in an in-vivo area 218 behinddistal end 202 and adjacent totube 200, may be reflected back onto reflectingsurface 214. Note while areas orobjects surface 214 may be curved and/or angled so as to deflect light coming back throughtransparent segments 216 throughlens 210 and ontoimage sensor 208. Other configurations for reflecting surfaces may be used.Image sensor 208 may capture images from in-vivo area surrounding anoutside perimeter 222 oftube 200. In some embodiments,imaging unit 206 may capture images of areas substantially perpendicular to and surroundingtube 200. In other embodiments, reflecting surface need not be used. - In one embodiment the area(s) imaged is to the side of the imaging device, and the imager is directed (e.g., via a mirror or by being appropriately positioned) to the side, to image areas adjacent to the device. For example, in FIG. 2, the imager units may be considered to be imaging in a direction perpendicular to the longer axis of the device. While in one embodiment the area imaged is behind the distal tip of the device, in other embodiments the area imaged may include both areas behind the distal tip and in front of the distal tip. For example, the device may be partially forward looking. In such a case, one imager may collect images, the images including both areas behind and in front of the tip. In other embodiments, more than one imager or imaging system may be used, for example one forward looking and one side looking. In some embodiments, a conventional, forward looking imager may also be included.
- In one embodiment, as
tube 200 ofendoscope 201 traverses abody lumen 205,imaging unit 206 may capture images of aslice 207 ofbody lumen 205. For example, a ring shaped slice of a portion of tissue located behind the distal tip of theendoscope 201 may be imaged. The ring shaped slice may encompass a 360 degree view surrounding the circumference of the endoscope.Illumination unit 212 may illuminate theslice 207 ofbody lumen 205. The light from the illuminatedslice 207 may be reflected byreflective surface 214, focused bylens 210, and received byimager 208 which may capture an image of theslice 207 ofbody lumen 205 from anarea surrounding tube 200 ofendoscope 201. In an embodiment, sincetube 200 may includetransparent segments 216 in the shape of a ring oftube 200, the captured image may include a reflected image of a ring-shapedslice 207 ofbody lumen 205. It is noted thatlens 210 may be configured, placed and/or aligned to filter and/or focus fight frombody lumen 205, such that only light from a desired portion ofbody lumen 205, for example, a ring-shapedslice 207, falls onimage sensor 208. The image captured byimage sensor 208 may include a substantially complete 360 degrees image of a slice ofbody lumen 205. Alternatively slices may include other configurations, for example, a 270 degree image, a 210 degree image, a 180 degree image, or any other number of degrees between 0 and 360. - In some embodiments, the panoramic image of a
slice 207 ofbody lumen 205 may be ring-shaped. Such an image may be recorded as or converted into a rectangular image or into other shapes. In one embodiment, the conversion may be performed, for example, by a processor that may be included inendoscope 201 or that may be housed in a separate unit. In some embodiments,processor 234 or another processor may convert images into a rectangular image. The conversion may be performed, for example, using methods as known in the art to “flatten” a ring-shaped image into a rectangular image. The conversion may be applied to one image, or to a group or a batch of sequential or non-sequential images. In some embodiments, one or more of a series of panoramic images ofslices 207 ofbody lumen 205 may be connected to form a moving image ofbody lumen 205 or a sequential chain of images ofslices 207 ofbody lumen 205. In some embodiments a video image may be captured. In some embodiments, depending on the configuration of one or more reflecting surfaces, the image as recorded on an imager may be substantially rectangular. - Additionally or alternatively, images of
slices 207 ofbody lumen 205, may be placed, aligned and/or combined together, for example, side by side, to create a combined image or several combined images from a plurality of images ofslices 207. The combination of images ofslices 207 may be performed, for example, by a processor as is discussed herein. - In some embodiments, one or
more tool channels 224 may end, exit or have an opening along an outside wall or perimeter oftube 200 at a point closer to a proximate portion oftube 200 and belowimaging unit 206. - In one embodiment, in use, a medical practitioner such as, for example, a doctor may introduce
tube 200 into a body lumen 205 (e.g., the GI tract, circulatory system, abdomen, or other cavity or other lumen) of a human or animal patient. The hand piece of an endoscope (not shown) may remain partially or completely outside the body, and may provide the interface and controls (e.g., pulleys, air/water controls, suction controls) which the medical practitioner may operate. In some embodiments, the hand piece may provide control for external supplies, monitors, or other equipment that may be passed through, for example,tool channel 224. - The
imaging unit 206 may include an image sensor, such as a CCD or aCMOS image sensor 208.Image sensor 208 may capture still or video images of an in-vivo area and transmit such images to adisplay 230 outside of the body.Illumination unit 212 may be a light such as for example an LED, optical fiber or other suitable illumination device. In some embodiments,illumination unit 212 may provide, for example, ultra-violet light, infra-red light, or other desired light or spectral range. In an embodiment,illumination unit 212 may include a laser source and/or may provide one or more laser beams. In some embodiments,illumination units 212 may be situated around a perimeter oftube 200 to illuminate a ring or band ofbody lumen 205 in the area surroundingtransparent segments 216. Other arrangements ofillumination units 212 are possible. One or more mirrors (not shown) such as curved mirrors may be used to reflect light fromillumination units 212 onto an in-vivo area. -
Holder 213 may include a suitable structure tobold illumination units 212. In some embodiments,holder 213 may be formed and/or shaped such that it reduces glare. In some embodiments,holder 213 may be formed and/or shaped such that it blocks stray light from reaching and/orflooding image sensor 208 with light. -
Wires 226 or a pulley system may be included intube 200 to control for example lateral movements of thedistal end 202 oftube 200. - In some embodiments,
lens 210 may include an optical system of one or more lenses or lens assemblies that may focus lightfirm reflecting surface 214 ontoimage sensor 208. Other suitable optical elements may be used. - In embodiments of the invention, imaging unit may provide a broad field of view or panoramic view and may capture images of a body lumen or in-vivo area substantially transverse or perpendicular to the direction of a tubular axis of
tube 200. -
Reflective surface 214 may be for example a carved mirror to capture a panoramic view of an in-vivo area. Some embodiments may use a rotating mirror or reflective element to capture a panoramic image.Reflective ice 214 may be made of or include a glass, metallic or plastic element or other suitable material. In some embodiments a plurality ofimage sensors 208 may be used to capture a broad field of view, for example, by placingmultiple image sensors 208 so that they face in different or overlapping directions. In some embodiments,reflective surface 214 may be oval, elliptical, spherical, radial or may take on other shapes. It is noted that in some embodiments, reflective she 214 may have a shape, size and/or dimensions to allow a desired reflection of light and/or to allow a desired range and/or field-of-view. In an embodiment,reflective surface 214 may be manufactured using suitable optical design software and/or ray-tracing software, for example, using “ZEMAX Optical Design Program” software. - Reflective element may be shaped and/or contoured such that it allows light reflected onto it from a particular area of a body lumen such as for example object220A to be reflected off of
reflective surface 214, throughlens 210 and onto a known area ofimage sensor 208. In some embodiments, a processor may be able to establish a position, direction or orientation of a subject captured in an image based on the portion ofimage sensor 208 that captured the image of theobject 220A. - In some embodiments, an imager in such endoscope may be situated perpendicular to the area being imaged. In some embodiments, an area of a
parent segments 216 may be concave, tapered, narrowed or ‘pinched’ so that the imaging portion of the endoscope may have a shape resembling a peanut, Such concave area may for example include transparent ring, segment or viewing window. Though which light may enter and be reflected off ofreflective surface 214 onto animage sensor 208. In some embodiments,reflective surface 214 may be in a parabolic shape, such that for example light rays strikingreflective surface 214 from various directions will be reflected towardsimage sensor 208. In some embodiments, the peanut shape may minimize the backscatter light that reaches theimage sensor 208 directly fromillumination units 212 rather than after being reflected off of endo-luminal wall. - In some embodiments, illumination controls may be added to, for example, avoid dark spots appearing in images of the body lumen. Illumination sources may include, for example, UV light, VIS and IE light, or other suitable sources.
- FIG. 3A schematically illustrates the combination of a plurality of images of
slices image 320 in accordance with embodiments of the invention. - FIG. 3B schematically illustrates the conversion of a plurality of circular slice or ring shaped
images slices slices image 350 in accordance with embodiments of the invention as described above. - In one embodiment a 3D model of a lumen is created by capturing a plurality of rectangular images of
slices - In some embodiments,
imaging unit 206 may be controlled and/or programmed, for example, to allow capturing a sequential chain of panoramic images depicting abody lumen 205. In one embodiment, consecutive images may partially cover one area of thebody lumen 205, for example, such that images may partially overlap. In some embodiments, for example, image capture rate may be pre-defined and/or controlled in real-time, to allowimage sensor 208 to capture a continuous “chain of images”. In one embodiment, a suitable image correlation technique may be used, for example, to detect and/or process overlapping areas among images, or to combine a plurality of images into a combined image. In some embodiments,image sensor 208 may capture video images. - FIG. 3C schematically illustrates a “chain of images” of
body lumen 366 in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. In one embodiment,images image sensor 208. As illustrated schematically in FIG. 3C, the images may partially overlap. For example,image 362 may include a portion ofbody lumen 366 captured inimage 361 and/or a portion ofbody lumen 366 captured byimage 363.Image 362 may additionally include an image ofitem 367, for example, a body organ, material, blood, a pathology, etc. - FIG. 3D schematically illustrates an alignment of images in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. For example, in one embodiment, the four
images images image 372 may include, for example, the image ofitem 367. - FIG. 3E schematically illustrates a combination of images in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. For example, in one embodiment, the four
images images combined image 380. It is noted that combinedimage 380 may include, for example, the image ofitem 367. - It is noted that FIGS. 3A to3E include exemplary illustrations only, and that the present invention is not limited in this regard. In alternate embodiments, other suitable methods for capturing, converting, combining, matching, aligning, processing, correlating and/or displaying images may be used; for example, a relatively continuous “spiral” image or series of images may be captured and/or displayed, a discontinuous series of “slices” may be captured and/or displayed, etc.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart diagram of a method of capturing images of an in-vivo area that is behind a distal end of an endoscope in accordance with embodiments of the invention. In an embodiment, and as indicated in
block 400,tube 200 ofendoscope 201 may be introduced into abody lumen 205, Adistal end 202 of atube 200 ofendoscope 201 may traversebody lumen 205 and, as is indicated inBlock 402,image sensor 208 may capture images ofslices 207 or other portions ofbody lumen 205 that are behind the distal end oftube 200 ofendoscope 201. The images may be processed and/or converted and/or combined, for example using aprocessor 234, Other operations or series of operations may be performed. The images may include areas that are not behind the distal end of the endoscope. For example, the images may include an area surrounding a band behind the distal tip of the endoscope and in addition an area in front of the distal tip; for example the device may be partially forward looking. - Captured images may be received by
receiver 232, and images may be transferred toprocessor 234. The images may be displayed and/or stored instorage unit 236. - Additionally or alternatively, if desired, a captured image or a plurality of captured images may be converted, for example, from a circular and/or ring shape into a rectangular shape. Additionally or alternatively, if desired, a plurality of captured images and/or converted images may be combined into one or more combined images of
body lumen 205. - Additionally or alternatively other operations may be performed with the captured images, the converted images and/or the combined images, for example, to store such images using various types of storage devices, to print such images using a printer, to perform operations of image manipulation and/or enhancement, to perform operations of video manipulation and/or enhancement, or the like.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an imaging unit near distal end of a tube of an endoscope in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Imaging unit 503 may be an implementation or variation ofimaging unit 206 described in this application, and may be used, for example, in conjunction with the system of FIG. 1. For example,imaging unit 503 may be used in conjunction withreceiver 232 and/orprocessor 234. In an embodiment of the invention,imaging unit 503 may include animage sensor 506, alens assembly 508, amirror 510 or reflective device, one ormore illumination sources 512, and one ormore holders 514. Imaging unit ortube 500 ofendoscope 501 may further include amotor 516 and a shaft 518 or another suitable rotation device that may rotatemirror 510 or another portion ofimaging unit 503. - A segment of outside wall of
tube 500 may be partially or entirely transparent. For example, a portion oftube 500 adjacent toimaging unit 503 may include one or more areas and/or portions, such as atransparent shell 520 or portion, which are transparent and which allow components insideimaging unit 503 to have an unobstructed field-of-view of the environment external totube 500 behinddistal end 502. In alternate embodiments, transparent areas and/or portion may have different shapes. -
Lens assembly 508 may include, for example, one or more lenses or optical systems orlens assembly 508 which allow images reflected bymirror 510 to be focused onimage sensor 506. Additionally or alternatively,lens assembly 508 may include a combination of lenses able to zoom in and/or zoom out on an image or on several parts of an image reflected bymirror 510.Lens assembly 508 may include one or more optical elements, for example, one or more lenses and/or optical filters, to allow or to aid focusing reflected light ontoimage sensor 506 and/or performing other light processing operations. -
Mirror 510 may include, for example, a glass and/or metal mirror or any other suitable reflective surface.Mirror 510 may be placed, positioned and/or aligned to allow a slice orother portion 522 of abody lumen 524 to be reflected bymirror 510, throughlens assembly 508, and ontoimage sensor 506. For example,mirror 510 may be placed at a 45 degree angle to the plane ofimage sensor 506 or to the plane oftransparent shell 520. It is noted that other suitable angles may be used to achieve specific functionalities and/or to allow imaging unit 503 a broader or narrower field-of-view. Further, in some embodiments, other arrangements and/or series of optical elements may be used, and functionalities, such as reflecting and/or focusing, may be combined in certain units. -
Illumination sources 512 may include one or more illumination sources or light sources to illuminatebody lumen 524 and/or aslice 522 ofbody lumen 524. In one embodiment,illumination sources 512 may include one or more Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs), for example, one or more white LEDs. Such LEDs may be placed, aligned and/or positioned to allow a desired illumination ofbody lumen 524, for example, using a ring-shaped arrangement of LEDs able to illuminatebody lumen 524 throughtransparent shell 520. -
Motor 516 may include an electromechanical motor able to rotate shaft 518 which may be attached tomotor 516, andmirror 510 which may be attached to shaft 518. The rotation rate ofmotor 516 may be constant or variable. The rotation rate ofmotor 516 may be, for example, 250 rotations per minute; other constant and/or variable rotation rates may be used. It is noted that whenmotor 516 rotates shaft 518 andmirror 510, the field-of-view ofimage sensor 506 may change respectively, such that the instantaneous field-of-view ofimage sensor 506 may include a part ofslice 522 ofbody lumen 524. Additionally or alternatively, in one rotation ofmirror 510, the field-of-view ofimage sensor 506 may include substantially an entire ring-shapedslice 522 ofbody lumen 524.Motor 516 may be controlled by, for example a controller that may be operatively connected to endoscope. - In one embodiment, as
tube 500 traversesbody lumen 524,image unit 503 may capture images of aslice 522 ofbody lumen 524.Illumination sources 512 may illuminateslice 522 ofbody lumen 524 whenslice 522 is in the field-of-view ofimage sensor 506. The light fromilluminated slice 522 may be reflected bymirror 510, focused and/or transferred usinglens assembly 508, and received byimage sensor 506 which may thereby capture an image ofslice 522. In alternate embodiments, other suitable methods for capturing images and/or displaying images may be used; for example, a relatively continuous “spiral” image or series of images may be captured, a discontinuous series of “slices” may be captured, etc; - Reference is made to FIG. 7, a flow chart of a method of reflecting onto an image sensor images of an in-vivo area behind a distal end of an endoscope and surrounding a perimeter of a tube of the endoscope, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. In
block 700, an endoscope may for example be introduced into an in-vivo area. Inblock 702, there may be reflected onto an image sensor an image of an in-vivo area that surrounds a tube of the endoscope and that is behind a distal end of the endoscope. - It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Alternate embodiments are contemplated which fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (28)
1. A method of imaging an in-vivo area comprising intruding an endoscope into a body lumen and capturing images of an in-vivo area behind a distal end of said endoscope.
2. The method as in claim 1 , comprising illuminating said in-vivo area.
3. The method as in claim 1 , comprising capturing images reflected from a reflecting surface onto an image sensor.
4. The method as in claim 1 , comprising identifying a position of a subject of said images.
5. The method as in claim 1 , comprising displaying a panoramic image of an in-vivo area.
6. The method as in claim 1 , comprising capturing a plurality of panoramic images and combining said panoramic images into a chain of images depicting a body lumen.
7. A method of endoscopy comprising capturing images from an in vivo area surrounding a tube of an endoscope.
8. The method as in claim 7 , comprising reflecting light from said area onto an imager situated perpendicular to said area.
9. The method as in claim 7 , comprising identifying a direction of a source of said image.
10. The method as in claim 7 , comprising illuminating an area around a perimeter of said tube.
11. The method as in claim 7 , comprising displaying a panoramic image of said area.
12. The method as in claim 7 , comprising passing a tool through a channel ending on said perimeter of said tube.
13. The method as in claim 7 , comprising rotating a mirror within said tube of said endoscope.
14. An endoscope comprising a reflector to reflect onto an image sensor images from an in-vivo area, said in-vivo area surrounding a tube of an endoscope and behind a distal end of said endoscope.
15. The endoscope as in claim 14 , comprising a tool channel with an exit on a perimeter of said endoscope tube.
16. The endoscope of claim 14 , comprising a reflective surface capable of reflecting images of said area onto an image sensor.
17. The endoscope of claim 16 , where said reflective element is a curved mirror.
18. The endoscope of claim 14 , comprising illumination units facing outwards from a perimeter of said tube.
19. The endoscope of claim 14 , comprising a rotating reflective element.
20. A system comprising an endoscope to capture images of an in-vivo area behind a distal end of said endoscope.
21. A system as in claim 20 , comprising a reflective surface to reflect images onto an image sensor.
22. A system as in claim 21 , wherein said image sensor is to capture panoramic images of an area surrounding an outside perimeter of a tube of said endoscope.
23. A system comprising an endoscope to capture images of an in-vivo area surrounding a tube of said endoscope.
24. The system as in claim 23 , comprising a channel ending on a perimeter of said tube.
25. The system as in claim 23 , comprising a rotating mirror within said tube.
26. A method comprising reflecting onto an image sensor an image of an in-vivo area surrounding a tube of an endoscope and behind a distal end of said endoscope.
27. The method as in claim 26 , comprising illuminating said area with illumination directed outward from a perimeter of said tube.
28. The method as in claim 26 , wherein said reflecting comprises reflecting said image off of a curved mirror.
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JP2005163207A JP2005319315A (en) | 2004-05-03 | 2005-05-06 | Endoscope with panoramic view |
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US46672903P | 2003-05-01 | 2003-05-01 | |
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ATE553690T1 (en) | 2012-05-15 |
EP1620012A2 (en) | 2006-02-01 |
WO2004096008A3 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
EP1620012B1 (en) | 2012-04-18 |
JP2006527012A (en) | 2006-11-30 |
US7801584B2 (en) | 2010-09-21 |
JP4550048B2 (en) | 2010-09-22 |
WO2004096008A2 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
EP1620012A4 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
US20060052708A1 (en) | 2006-03-09 |
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