US20050069388A1 - Friction stabilizer with tabs - Google Patents
Friction stabilizer with tabs Download PDFInfo
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- US20050069388A1 US20050069388A1 US10/946,468 US94646804A US2005069388A1 US 20050069388 A1 US20050069388 A1 US 20050069388A1 US 94646804 A US94646804 A US 94646804A US 2005069388 A1 US2005069388 A1 US 2005069388A1
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- tubular body
- tab
- tabs
- friction stabilizer
- mine
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/004—Bolts held in the borehole by friction all along their length, without additional fixing means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
Abstract
A friction stabilizer having tabs comprising a tubular body comprising an exterior surface and having a first portion and having a second portion provided with a taper. The first portion has an impact end and the second portion has an insertion end. A tab is on the tubular body and extends outward from the exterior surface of the tubular body in a direction toward the impact end and away from the insertion end of the tubular body. The tabs can be rectangular shaped or triangular shaped or have other shapes which prevent the friction stabilizer from being removed from a drilled bore in a mine. When the friction stabilizer with tabs is inserted into a drilled bore in a mine, the tabs do not impede insertion. But, after insertion into the drilled bore the tabs resist removal of the tubular body, and thus allow the stabilizer to support the mine wall or ceiling. The friction stabilizer is made by taking a steel coil and punching the shape of the tabs in the metal, for example sheet metal, unrolled from the coil. A notch is also punched into the sheet at a predetermined location. Rolling die roll the tubular body, and a cutting machine cuts the tubular body at the notches, so tubular bodies of predetermined length are cut. The tabs extend from the exterior surface of the tubular body due to the natural spring constant of the steel or metal from which the tubular body is made. A weld ring is welded to the impact end and has a weld ring gap space.
Description
- This application claims the benefit of Provisional U.S. Patent Application No. 60/507,366 to Valgora, and filed on Sep. 30, 2004, for a “Friction Stabilizer With Tabs.”
- Cave-ins are a constant threat associated with underground mining operations. It is difficult to predict when and where a cave-in will occur. Typically, workers are provided with little or no warning prior to a cave-in, and thus they have a minimal amount of time to react to a cave-in. Indeed, mine walls or ceilings that appear fine upon visual inspection may have significant fractures just below their surfaces, making them structurally weak and prone to collapse. Cave-ins are very destructive and may result in miners becoming trapped and/or injured. Additionally, equipment and machinery may be damaged or destroyed.
- Friction type stabilizers have been used in mining operations to stabilize walls and ceilings of the mine. Such stabilizers are pounded into bores drilled in mine walls and ceilings. The stabilizers form a friction fit with the drilled bore. But, these stabilizers may slide out of the drilled bores when the rock wall or ceiling shifts/moves, and in such situations the stabilizers are unable to prevent a mine wall or ceiling cave-in.
- Therefore, it would be desirable to provide a new and improved stabilizer that decreases the likelihood of a cave-in. It would also be desirable if the stabilizer was compatible with existing mining equipment and inexpensive to fabricate.
- The friction stabilizer with tabs according to this invention is used to secure the walls and ceilings of mines to thus prevent a cave-in from occurring. The friction stabilizer with tabs comprises a hollow body, preferably tubular. The tubular body comprises an impact end, an insertion end, a first portion and a second portion. The second portion has a notch and is tapered.
- The tubular body has an interior and an exterior surface, and tabs are connected to and extend from the tubular body. The tabs extend in a direction leading away from the insertion end of the tubular body and in a direction leading towards the impact end of the tubular body. The tabs each make an acute angle with the exterior surface of the tubular body. The tabs can be rectangular shaped and there can be three such tabs extending from the exterior surface of the tubular body. Each rectangular shaped tab further comprises parallel tab side edges and a tab free edge connecting between the tab side edges.
- In other embodiments, the tabs may be triangular shaped tabs, curved shaped tabs, polygonal shaped tabs, U-shaped tabs, tabs having both curved portions and linear portions, semi-circular shaped tabs, hook shaped tabs, parabolic shaped tabs, and combinations of the above. Also, the tabs can be of any shape that inhibits the withdrawal of the friction stabilizer with tabs from the drilled bore in a mine. The above-described tabs are punched into the sheet from which the tubular body is formed by a punching machine, thus they are joined to the tubular body at bends.
- The tubular body further comprises a first gap space wall and a second gap space wall spaced apart from one another by a tube gap space. The tube gap space is used for allowing the tubular body to be compressed radially inward when the tubular body is driven into a drilled bore in a mine having, the drilled bore having a diameter less than the outer diameter of the tubular body.
- The friction stabilizer further comprises a weld ring having a weld ring gap space, and the weld ring is joined to the tubular body such that the weld ring gap space and tube gap space are aligned. The weld ring is joined to the exterior surface of the first portion of the tubular body at the impact end of the tubular body by, for example, a weld. The weld ring gap space is used for allowing the weld ring to be compressed radially inward. The weld ring can have a rectangular cross section or a circular cross section.
- To use the friction stabilizer with tabs, a drilled bore is made in the wall or ceiling of the mine. The wall is sufficiently solid and of sufficient thickness to accommodate a bore of sufficient length, and the drilled bore has a diameter slightly less than the diameter of the tubular body. A support plate having an opening is provided, the opening being sized such that the tubular body can pass through the opening. The opening in the plate is aligned with the drilled bore. The tapered end of the tubular body is aligned with and inserted through the opening in the plate and into the drilled bore so that the taper of the tubular body is received in the drilled bore.
- Then a pneumatic or hydraulic hammer or some other means for hammering is used for pounding or driving the stabilizer with tabs into the drilled bore. As the stabilizer with tabs is driven into the drilled bore the tabs move or flex inwardly towards the exterior surface of the tubular body. This allows the friction stabilizer with tabs to be hammered into the drilled bore without the tabs impeding movement. During the pounding process the plate becomes trapped between the weld ring and the surrounding ceiling or wall of the mine, as the case may be. Additionally, the tubular body compresses and the gap space distance decreases as the friction stabilizer is driven into the drilled bore. Then, if loading force is applied to remove the tubular body with tabs, the tabs immediately dig into the surrounding wall which surrounds the drilled bore, making the removal of the tubular body significantly more difficult. Such loading force may come from the plate that is providing support. Thus, if the ceiling or wall begins to cave-in, the tabs will keep digging into the surrounding wall, and the friction stabilizer having tabs continues to work against a cave-in. This digging-in action could stop a cave-in progress or limit the severity of a cave-in. Additionally, the digging-in action could provide miners with extra time to get out of harms way, or provide inspectors with time so that they can conduct an on site inspection.
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FIG. 1 is an elevational view of the friction stabilizer having tabs. -
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the friction stabilizer having tabs. -
FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view of the friction stabilizer having tabs. -
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the friction stabilizer having tabs. -
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the friction stabilizer having tabs taken along cut line 5-5. -
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the friction stabilizer having tabs taken along cut line 6-6. -
FIG. 7 is a top plan view of the strip of steel used to manufacture the friction stabilizer having tabs. -
FIG. 8 shows a bottom plan view of a second embodiment of the friction stabilizer with rectangular tabs according to a second embodiment of the invention. -
FIG. 9 shows a side elevational view of the second embodiment of the friction stabilizer with rectangular tabs. -
FIG. 10 shows a top plan view of the second embodiment of the friction stabilizer with rectangular tabs. -
FIG. 11 shows a sectional view of the second embodiment of the friction stabilizer with rectangular tabs taken along cut line 11-11 inFIG. 10 . -
FIG. 12 shows a sectional view of the second embodiment of the friction stabilizer with rectangular tabs taken along cut line 12-12 inFIG. 8 . -
FIG. 13 shows a bottom plan view of a third embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs. -
FIG. 14 shows a side elevational view of the third embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs. -
FIG. 15 shows a top plan view of the third embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs. -
FIG. 16 shows a sectional view of a third embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs taken along cut line 16-16 inFIG. 15 . -
FIG. 17 shows a sectional view of the third embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs taken along cut line 17-17 inFIG. 13 . -
FIG. 18 shows a bottom plan view of a fourth embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs. -
FIG. 19 shows a side elevational view of the fourth embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs. -
FIG. 20 shows a top plan view of the fourth embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs. -
FIG. 21 shows a sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs taken along cut line 21-21 inFIG. 20 . -
FIG. 22 shows a sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs taken along cut line 22-22 inFIG. 18 . -
FIG. 23 shows a bottom plan view of a fifth embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs. -
FIG. 24 shows a side elevational view of the fifth embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs. -
FIG. 25 shows a top plan view of the fifth embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs. -
FIG. 26 shows a cross sectional view of the fifth embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs taken along cut line 26-26 inFIG. 25 . -
FIG. 27 shows a cross sectional view of the fifth embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs taken along cut line 27-27 inFIG. 23 . -
FIG. 27A shows a top plan view of a of a sixth embodiment of the friction stabilizer with tabs having a plurality of differently shaped tabs. -
FIG. 28 shows a diagrammatic view of the manufacturing process used for manufacturing the friction stabilizer with tabs. -
FIG. 29 is a top plan view of the weld ring having a circular shaped cross section. -
FIG. 30 is a sectional view taken along cut line 30-30 inFIG. 29 of the weld ring having a circular shaped cross section. -
FIG. 30 a is a view, partly in section, of the circular weld ring and tubular body joined together with a weld. -
FIG. 31 is a top plan view of the weld ring having a rectangular shaped cross section. -
FIG. 32 is a sectional view taken along cut line 32-32 inFIG. 31 of the weld ring having a rectangular shaped cross section. -
FIG. 32 a is a view, partly in section, of the rectangular weld ring and tubular body joined together with a weld. -
FIG. 33 is a top plan view of the planar plate. -
FIG. 34 is a sectional view of the planar plate taken along cut line 34-34 inFIG. 33 . -
FIG. 35 is a top plan view of the domed plate. -
FIG. 36 is a sectional view of the domed plate taken along cut line 36-36 inFIG. 35 . -
FIG. 37 is a sectional view of a mine showing friction stabilizers having tabs deployed in the mine. - At the outset, it noted that like reference numbers are intended to identify the same structure, portions, or surfaces consistently throughout the figures. It is also noted that when the term “about” is used in connection with describing a number that the number includes numbers in decimal form that can be rounded to that number.
- Shown generally in
FIGS. 1-6 is thefriction stabilizer 20 withtabs 25.FIG. 4 shows a top plan view of the friction stabilizer withtabs 20. As shown inFIGS. 1 and 3 , the friction stabilizer withtabs 20 comprises atubular body 22 havingtabs 25 extending therefrom. Thetubular body 22 is elongate and has afirst portion 33 and asecond portion 34. Thesecond portion 34 is formed integral joined to thefirst portion 33, and thesecond portion 34 has ataper 35. Thetubular body 22 has animpact end 30 and aninsertion end 32 that are spaced from one another by the length, designated L inFIG. 4 , of thetubular body 22. Thetaper 34 extends from theinsertion end 32 in a direction toward theimpact end 30, until it reaches thefirst portion 33. Thetubular body 22 may comprise a total length L of about sixty inches, about four inches of which comprise thesecond portion 34 having thetaper 35. - The
tubular body 22 further comprises aninterior surface 24 and anexterior surface 26, as shown inFIGS. 3 and 5 . Theinterior surface 24 defines astabilizer interior 23 internal to thetubular body 22. - As further shown in
FIGS. 3 and 5 , thetubular body 22 has a firstgap space wall 27 and a secondgap space wall 29 which are spaced apart from one another. The first and secondgap space walls tubular body 22, from the impact end 30 of thetubular body 22 to theinsertion end 32 of thetubular body 22. The first and second gap space walls, 27, 29, respectively, define atube gap space 28 between them, that extends in the direction of the of the longitudinal axis, designate X inFIG. 2 , of thetubular body 22. As shown inFIGS. 3 and 5 , thetube gap space 28 extends along the length L of thebody 22, from theimpact end 30 to theinsertion end 32 of thetubular body 22. Thetube gap space 28 defined between the first and secondgap space walls tubular body 22 to be compressed radially inward. In a manner to be described presently, the diameter designated D inFIG. 5 , of thetubular body 22 decreases when thetubular body 22 is driven into a drilled bore 50 formed in awall 52 orceiling 54 of amine 56, as shown inFIG. 37 . The drilled bore 50 has abore diameter 51, designated B inFIG. 37 , that is less than the diameter D of thetubular body 22. - A
notch 36 is defined in thetaper 35 of thesecond portion 34 of thetubular body 22. Thenotch 36 allows thetaper 35 to be formed in thetubular body 22 at theinsertion end 32 thereof when thetubular body 22 is being rolled. Thetaper 35 is used for allowing theinsertion end 32 of thetubular body 22 to be initially fitted or inserted into the drilled bore 50. After thetaper 35 is fitted into the drilled bore 50, the impact end 30 of thetubular body 22 can be pounded causing thetubular body 22 to move into the drilled bore 50. - In accordance with the invention, the
tubular body 20 comprisestabs 25 that extend from theexterior surface 26 in a direction toward the impact end 30 of thetubular body 20, and away from theinsertion end 32 of thetubular body 22. Thetabs 25 work against the removal of thetubular body 22 from a drilled bore 50 in amine 56. As a result, thetabs 25 advantageously decrease the likelihood of amine 56 cave-in, as will be described presently. - In a preferred embodiment, the
tabs 25 are embodied to be rectangular shapedtabs 40. In particular, there is a first rectangular shapedtab 40 a, a second rectangular shapedtab 40 b, and a third rectangular shapedtab 40 c. The first rectangular shapedtab 40 is positioned closest to theinsertion end 32 of thetubular body 22, and the third rectangular shapedtab 40 c is positioned farthest from theinsertion end 32 of thetubular body 22, as shown inFIG. 4 . The second rectangular shapedtab 40 b is positioned between the first and second rectangular shapedtabs tabs tubular body 22, in a method to be described presently. - The first, second, and third rectangular shaped
tabs exterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22. Each rectangular shapedtab free edge 45 that extends between the tab side edges 43, as shown inFIG. 7 , which is a top plan view of the flat strip ofmetal 102 from which thetubular body 22 is formed. The tab side edges 43 and tabfree edges 45 are shown inFIGS. 1, 6 , and 7. It is noted that thetabs FIGS. 1-6 are structurally the same. - Each of the rectangular shaped
tabs tubular body 22 along abend 44, with the bend being opposite the tabfree edge 45. Thebends 44 are closer to theinsertion end 32 of thetubular body 22 than the tabfree edge 45. Each of the rectangular shapedtabs exterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22, as shown inFIG. 2 . Also, the rectangular shapedtabs insertion end 32 of thetubular body 22, and in a direction leading toward the impact end 30 of thetubular body 22, as shown inFIG. 2 . The rectangular shapedtabs tubular body 22, and are formed in thetubular body 22 such that they are opposite to thetube gap space 28, as shown inFIG. 6 . It is further noted that there areopenings 48, as shown inFIG. 2 , in thetubular body 22 under the rectangular shapedtabs exterior surface 26. - Then, when the
tubular body 22 is pounded into a drilled bore 50insertion end 32 first, the rectangular shapedtabs bends 44 in a direction toward theopenings 48 in thetubular body 22. In other words, the rectangular shapedtabs tubular body 22 from which they were punched, and thus they do not impede thetubular body 22 from being pounded into the drilled bore 50 in thewall 52 orceiling 54 of themine 56, as shown inFIG. 37 . Then, in the event of a mine cave-in or wall collapse, thetubular body 22 advantageously remains in place and supports themine wall 52 orceiling 54, since the rectangular shapedtabs tabs - The three rectangular shaped
tabs tubular body 22 about sixty inches long such that thefirst tab 40 a is about four inches from theinsertion end 32 of thetubular body 22, thesecond tab 40 b is about fourteen inches from theinsertion end 32 of thetubular body 22, and thethird tab 40 c is about twenty-four inches from theinsertion end 32 of thetubular body 22. The rectangular shapedtabs free edge 45 is about 1.0 inch. The rectangular shapedtabs stabilizer 20 that, when installed in a mine, can support greater loads than stabilizers having smooth exterior surfaces. Of course, the dimensions may differ in other embodiments. - The
friction stabilizer 20 further includes aweld ring 31 that in one embodiment is rectangular shaped, that is, its cross section is rectangular shaped as shown inFIGS. 31, 32 , and 32 a. The rectangular shapedweld ring 31 has a weldring gap space 39 andflat sides 31 a. The rectangular shapedweld ring 31 is positioned aroundexterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22 adjacent to the impact end 30 thereof, as shown inFIGS. 1-4 . The weldring gap space 39 is aligned with thetube gap space 28 defined in thetubular body 22. The rectangular shapedweld ring 31 is welded to theexterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22. Theweld 49 that joins thetubular body 22 and rectangular shapedweld ring 31 is best shown inFIG. 5 . It is noted that the weldring gap space 39 andtube gap space 28 allow for thetubular body 22 to be compressed as it is driven into the drilled bore 50 having abore diameter 51 less than the diameter of thetubular body 22. The rectangular shapedweld ring 31 is used for supporting aplate 58 in a manner to be described presently. In another embodiment, the rectangular shapedweld ring 31 and thetubular body 22 can be welded together, without thetube gap space 28 and weldring gap space 39 being aligned. -
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of thetubular body 22 taken along cut line 5-5 ofFIG. 3 , andFIG. 6 is a sectional view of thetubular body 22 taken along cut line 6-6 ofFIG. 3 . - It is noted that a circular shaped
weld ring 37 having a circular shaped cross section, as shown inFIGS. 29, 30 , and 30 a, can be successfully used in accordance with the present invention. However, the rectangular shapedweld ring 31 having a rectangular shaped cross section advantageously provides for a higher quality weld. This is due to the fact that aspace 38 can form during the welding process under theweld 49 that joins the circular shapedweld ring 37 and theexterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22, as shown inFIG. 30 a. Additionally, to successfully weld the circular shapedweld ring 37 to thetubular body 22, the weld gun must be accurately positioned. However, such accurate positioning is oftentimes difficult to achieve, because the machinery that does the welding vibrates excessively. As a result, the majority of theweld 49 can end up on the circular shapedweld ring 37 or on theexterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22. Thus, theweld 49 may end up catching only one of the circular shapedweld ring 37 orexterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22, and/or aspace 38 may be formed under theweld 49 as shown inFIG. 30 a. - The rectangular shaped
weld ring 31 shown inFIGS. 31, 32 , and 32 a advantageously hasflat sides 31 a. As a result there is nospace 38 between theflat surfaces 31 a rectangular shapedweld ring 31 and theexterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22, since these two surfaces make direct contact with one another leaving no room for aspace 38 to form under theweld 49. Thus, ahigh quality weld 49 can be made between theflat surfaces 31 a of the rectangular shapedweld ring 31 andexterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22, even in the presence of the vibrations generated by the welding machines. - The above-described invention can be variously embodied.
FIGS. 8-12 generally show a second embodiment of thefriction stabilizer 20 a having rectangular shapedtabs 40. Thetubular body 22 a of the second embodiment is substantially the same as thetubular body 22 of the first embodiment, in that thetubular body 22 a comprises anexterior surface 26, first and secondgap space walls tube gap space 28, animpact end 30, aninsertion end 32, arectangular weld ring 31 having a weldring gap space 39, afirst portion 33, and asecond portion 34 having ataper 35 having anotch 36. Eachrectangular tab 40 of the second embodiment has parallel tab side edges 43 and a tabfree edge 45. The second embodiment comprises a row 128 of rectangular shapedtabs 40 that are joined to thetubular body 22 a at bends 44, and which are spaced from one another at predetermined spaced intervals, designated I inFIG. 9 , along the length L of thetubular body 22 a. It is noted that the row 128 extends from the side of thetubular body 22 a opposite thetube gap space 28. As shown inFIGS. 8-10 , there are five rectangular shapedtabs 40 in the row 128 of course, in other embodiments, the row of tabs 128 may comprise fewer or more than five rectangular shapedtabs 40. -
FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the tubular body of the second embodiment taken along cut line 11-11 ofFIG. 10 , andFIG. 12 is a sectional view of the tubular body of the second embodiment taken along cut line 12-12 taken ofFIG. 8 . Thetubular body 22 a can be used for supporting thewalls 52 andceiling 54 of amine 56 in the same manner as previously described in connection with the first embodiment. -
FIGS. 13-17 generally show a third embodiment of thefriction stabilizer 20 b with tabs. In this embodiment, thetubular body 22 b comprises triangular shapedtabs 41. Thetubular body 22 b of the third embodiment is substantially the same as thetubular body 22 of the first embodiment, in that thetubular body 22 b comprises anexterior surface 26, first and secondgap space walls tube gap space 28, animpact end 30,insertion end 32, arectangular weld ring 31 having a weldring gap space 39, afirst portion 33, and asecond portion 34 having ataper 35 having a notch. Each triangular shapedtab 41 of the third embodiment has twoedges 46 that meet at apoint 47, thus forming a triangle shape. The triangular shapedtabs 41 are joined to thetubular body 22 b at bends 44, as shown. There is a row 129 of triangular shapedtabs 41 that extend from thetubular body 22 b at predetermined spaced intervals, designated I inFIG. 13 , along the length L of thetubular body 22 b. It is noted that the row 128 extends from the side of thetubular body 22 b opposite thetube gap space 28. As shown inFIGS. 13-17 , there are five triangular shapedtabs 41 in the row 130. In other embodiments, the row of triangular shaped tabs 130 may comprise fewer or more than five triangular shapedtabs 41. -
FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along cut line 16-16 ofFIG. 15 , andFIG. 17 is a sectional view taken along cut line 17-17 ofFIG. 13 . Thetubular body 22 b can be used in the same manner as described above in connection with the first embodiment for supporting thewalls 52 andceiling 54 of amine 56. -
FIGS. 18-22 generally show a fourth embodiment of thefriction stabilizer 20 c with tabs. In the fourth embodiment, thetubular body 22 c comprises a plurality of rows 128 of rectangular shapedtabs 40. The rectangular shapedtabs 40 in each row 128 are spaced from one another, and the rows 128 are spaced about ninety degrees from one another about theexterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22 c, as viewed in sectionalFIGS. 21 and 22 . Thetubular body 22 c of the fourth embodiment is substantially the same as thetubular body 22 of the first embodiment, in that thetubular body 22 c comprises anexterior surface 26, first and secondgap space walls tube gap space 28, animpact end 30,insertion end 32, arectangular weld ring 31 having a weldring gap space 39, afirst portion 33, and asecond portion 34 having ataper 35 having a notch. Each rectangular shapedtab 40 of the fourth embodiment is joined to thetubular body 22 c at abend 44, and extends in a direction toward theweld ring 31. As shown inFIGS. 18-22 there are three rows 128 of the rectangular shapedtabs 40, with five rectangular shapedtabs 40 per row. In other embodiments, there can even be more rows 128 of rectangular shapedtabs 40 provided for on thetubular body 22 c, or the number of rectangular shapedtabs 40 in each row may be increased or decreased. -
FIG. 21 is a sectional view taken along cut line 21-21 ofFIG. 20 , andFIG. 22 is a sectional view taken along cut line 22-22 ofFIG. 18 . Thetubular body 22 c can be used in the same manner as described above in connection with the first embodiment for supporting thewalls 52 andceiling 54 of amine 56. -
FIGS. 23-27 generally show a fifth embodiment of thefriction stabilizer 20 d. In the fifth embodiment, thetubular body 22 d comprises a-plurality of rows 130 of triangular shapedtabs 41. Thetubular body 22 d of the fifth embodiment is substantially the same as thetubular body 22 of the third embodiment, in that thetubular body 22 d comprises anexterior surface 26, first and secondgap space walls tube gap space 28, animpact end 30,insertion end 32, arectangular weld ring 31 having a weldring gap space 39, afirst portion 33, and asecond portion 34 having ataper 35 having a notch. Each triangular shapedtab 41 of the fifth embodiment is joined to thetubular body 22 d at abend 44, and extends away from thetubular body 22 d. Theedges 46 of each triangular shapedtab 41 meet at apoint 47. As shown inFIGS. 23-25 there are three rows 130 of the triangular shapedtabs 41, with fivetabs 41 per row 130. The rows 130 of triangular shapedtabs 41 are spaced about ninety degrees from one another about theexterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22 d, as viewed inFIGS. 26 and 27 . In yet other embodiments, there can even be more rows 130 of triangular shapedtabs 41 provided for on thetubular body 22 d. -
FIG. 26 is a sectional view taken along cut line 26-26 ofFIG. 25 , andFIG. 27 is a sectional view taken along cut line 27-27 ofFIG. 23 . Thetubular body 22 d can be used in the same manner as described above in connection with the first embodiment for supporting thewalls 52 andceiling 54 of amine 56. - Shown in
FIG. 27A is a sixth embodiment of thefriction stabilizer 20 e wherein thetubular body 22 e has a plurality of differently shapedtabs 25. Thetabs 25 may be curved shaped tabs, rectangular shaped tabs, triangular shaped tabs, polygonal shaped tabs, U-shaped tabs, tabs having both curved portions and linear portions, semi-circular shaped tabs, hook shaped tabs, parabolic shaped tabs, combinations of the above, or any other shaped tab that inhibits the withdrawal of thefriction stabilizer 20 e from the drilled bore 50 in themine 56. The above-describedtabs 25 may extend in patterns, rows, series, or randomly from theexterior surface 26 of thefriction stabilizer 20 e. As shown inFIG. 27A , a plurality of differently shapedtabs 25, as described above, extend from thefriction stabilizer 20 e. In other embodiments, asingle tab 25, for example a rectangular shapedtab 40 or triangular shapedtab 41, may extend from theexterior surface 26 of thefriction stabilizer 20. Thesingle tab 25 may be any of the above shapes. Thus, the present invention has significant versatility and may be variously embodied, and all of these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention. - To manufacture the friction stabilizer with
tabs 20, reference is made to the schematic shown inFIG. 28 . The process or method begins with a coil of metal, preferably steel or asteel alloy 100. First, a planar or flat strip ofsteel 102 pulled from the steel coil, in the direction indicated-by the arrows inFIG. 28 . Thestrip 102 has a width, designated W inFIG. 7 , that is about three inches wide in the first embodiment. In other embodiments, the width could be more than or less than three inches, depending on the particular application or customer requirement. - As the strip of
steel 102 is pulled from thecoil 100, it moves onto aconveyor 105. The strip ofsteel 102 passes through apressing machine 104 wherein the tab side edges 43 and tabfree edges 45 are pressed into the flat strip ofsteel 102. Pressing machines are well known to those having ordinary skill in the art. It is to be understood that the tab side edges 43 andfree edges 45 may also be laser cut or otherwise formed in the sheet ofsteel 102 at this point in the manufacturing process, by the use of a laser or other device. The shape of thetab 25 is thus formed in the sheet ofsteel 102. It is to be further understood that any desired shape of thetab 25 could be formed by thepressing machine 104. - The
strip 102 is next moved byconveyor 105 through a punchingmachine 106 where thenotches 36 are punched out of or otherwise formed into theflat strip 102. Punchingmachines 106 are known to those having ordinary skill in the art. In another embodiment, thenotches 36 could be punched from thestrip 102 first, and then thetabs 40 pressed in thestrip 102. - A means for measuring 108 continuously measures the length of the
strip 102 prior to the punchingmachine 106 so that thenotch 36 can be punched in thestrip 102 at the desired position in thestrip 102. The final length of the friction stabilizer withtabs 20 is thus determined by thenotch 36 location in thestrip 102. Next, thestrip 102 passes from the punchingmachine 106 and is moved byconveyor 105 through a coldroll forming mill 110. The coldroll forming mill 110 comprises a series of stands having top and bottom rolling die 112 a, 112 b, respectively. Coldroll forming mills 110 are known to those having ordinary skill in the art. - As the
strip 102 progresses from stand to stand in thecold rolling mill 110 it is formed into atubular body 22 having the above-describedtube gap space 28. At the same time, the rectangular shapedtabs 40 begin to move away from theexterior surface 26 of the continuous tubular body 22 z that is being formed in thecold rolling mill 110. This is attributed to the fact that the natural spring constant-of the steel, steel alloy, galvanized steel, or other metal from which the continuous tubular body 22 z, is made causes the rectangular shapedtabs 40 to extend from theexterior surface 26 thereof. It is noted that if the tabs do not extend out, then they may be mechanically pushed out of thetubular body 22. - As the continuous tubular body 22 z exits the cold
roll forming mill 110, thetabs 40 extend from it as previously described and it hasnotches 36, but still has to be cut to the predetermined length. The continuous tubular body 22 z is then moved byconveyor 105 through a cut-offpress 114, where thenotch 36 in thetubular body 22 signals the cut-offpress 114 to cut thetubular body 22 to the predetermined length at thenotch 36. The length of the tubular body may be about 60 inches as shown inFIG. 1 and described in the first embodiment, but in other embodiments, thetubular body 22 can be formed to have a length of 18 inches, 24 inches, over six feet, or any length required for the particular job, application, or customer order. - The
tubular body 22 is then placed onconveyor 105 and transported to aswaging station 116. At theswaging station 116, theinsertion end 32 of thetubular body 22, where thenotch 36 is located, has pressure applied to it such that thetaper 35 is formed at theinsertion end 32. It is noted that thenotch 36 provides the space for thetaper 35 to be formed in thesection portion 34 in theswaging station 116. Thetubular body 22 is then moved by aconveyor 105 to awelding station 118. At thewelding station 118 the rectangular shapedweld ring 38 is fitted about the impact end 30 of thetubular body 22, such that the weldring gap space 39 aligns with thetube gap space 28. While held in this position by the welding machine, thetubular body 22 andweld ring 38 are welded together, and thus joined by aweld 49.Welding stations 118 are well known to those having ordinary skill in that art. After welding, theweld ring 38 is joined with the impact end 30 of thetubular body 22. The weldring gap space 39 may be laser cut or punched out of theweld ring 38. - After exiting the
welding station 118, thetubular bodies 22 are moved byconveyor 105 to apacking station 120 having anautomatic packaging machine 121. Every othertubular body 22 is then turned end over end and automatically packaged inbundles 122 of, for example, sixtubular bodies 22, by theautomatic packaging machine 121.Automatic packaging machines 121 are known to those having ordinary skill in the art. Thebundles 122 are transported byconveyor 105 to a shipping station 124, placed incrates 126, and shipped. - After the friction stabilizer with
tabs 20 has been rolled and formed as described above, thetabs 40 may have sharp tab side edges 43 and tab free edges 45. Thus, another step that may be included in the process or method is a grinding step, which takes place prior to automatic packing of thetubular bodies 22. During the grinding step, any sharp tab side edges 43 and tabfree edges 45 are ground down and dulled, thus decreasing the likelihood of a worker being cut or injured by thetabs 40. - The same general method or process is carried out to make the other embodiments of the friction
stabilizer having tabs 20, described above. For each embodiment thepressing machine 104 would stamp, punch, or cut edges in the strip ofsteel 102 such that thetab 25 of desired shape may be formed (rectangular shaped tabs, triangular shaped tabs, curved shaped tabs, polygonal shaped tabs, U-shaped tabs, tabs having both curved portions and linear portions, semi-circular shaped tabs, hook shaped tabs, parabolic shaped tabs, combinations of the above, or any other shaped tab that inhibits the withdrawal of the friction stabilizer withtabs 20 from the drilled bore 50 in the mine 56). - To use the
friction stabilizer 20 with tabs, a drilled bore 50 is made in awall 52 orceiling 54 of amine 56 having afloor 55, as shown inFIG. 37 . It is understood that forming a drilled bore 50 in amine 56 is known to those having ordinary skill in the art. The drilled bores 50 are made in the 52 ceilings and/orwalls 54 of themine 56. The drilled bore 50 has a diameter, designated B inFIG. 37 , which is less than the diameter of thetubular body 22, designated S and shown inFIG. 4 . - As shown in
FIGS. 33 and 34 , aplate 58 having aplate opening 60 is provided. Theplate 58 hasplanar surfaces 59, and is of metal, preferably steel, steel alloys, stainless steel, and galvanized steel. Theplate opening 60 is sized such that thefriction stabilizer 22 can be moved through theopening 60. But, theweld ring 38 is too large to pass through theplate opening 60. Theplate 58 is positioned such that theopening 60 is brought into alignment with the drilled bore 50 thewall 52 orceiling 54, as the case may be, of themine 56, and held in that position. Since thetaper 35 at theinsertion end 32 of thetubular body 22 has a diameter less than the diameter, designated B, of the drilled bore 50, theinsertion end 30 of thetubular body 22 can be readily moved into the drilled bore 50. In particular, theinsertion end 32 is moved through theopening 60 in theplate 58, such that thetaper portion 34 is moved into the drilled bore 50. However, because the diameter, designated S, of thetubular body 22 is greater than the diameter, designated B, of the drilled bore 50, thefirst portion 33 of thetubular body 22 must be driven into the drilled bore 50. - To accomplish this, the impact end 30 of the
tubular body 22 is driven by a pneumatic hammer, hydraulic hammer, or other means for hammering or driving (not shown) into the drilled bore 50. Thetubular body 22 compresses radially inward as it is driven into the drilled bore 50, such that thetube gap space 28 decreases. Additionally, thetabs 40 fold in a direction toward theexterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22, and do not resist insertion of thetubular body 22 into the drilled bore 50. As a result oftubular body 22 being driven into the lesser diameter drilled bore 50, the tubular body compresses radially inward and thetube gap space 28 and weldring gap space 39 both decrease. Thetubular body 50 then exerts expanding forces against the adjacent surrounding drilledbore wall 51. - Also, in another embodiment shown in
FIGS. 35 and 36 , the plate can be a domed-shapedplate 64 having adomed portion 65. Thedomed portion 65 has anopening 67 for receiving thefriction stabilizer 20 there-through. Contact surfaces 69 are provided on thedomed plate 64 and are used for contacting thewall 52 orceiling 54 of themine 56. - It is noted that as the
stabilizer 20 with tabs is driven into the drilled bore 50, the rectangular shapedtabs 40 move downwardly toward thetubular body 22 and do not obstruct insertion into the drilled bore 50. However, once driven into the drilled bore 50, thetabs 40 force outwardly from thetubular body 22 due to the natural spring constant of the steel or other material from which the stabilizer withtabs 20 is made. Thetabs 40 contact the adjacent surrounding drilledbore wall 51 and dig into it, resulting in the friction stabilizer withtabs 20 being held in the drilled bore 50 by both a friction fit created by the expanding forces generated by thetubular body 22, and by thetabs 40 digging into the drilled bore 50. - Then, if force is applied to remove the friction stabilizer with
tabs 20, thetabs 40 immediately dig into the adjacent drilledbore wall 51 and work against removal of the stabilizer withtabs 20 from the drilled bore 50. This significantly reduces the likelihood that the stabilizer withtabs 20 will work its way out of the drilled bore 50 and advantageously significantly increases the amount of weight or force the friction stabilizer withtabs 20 can support. Thus the friction stabilizer withtabs 20 advantageously decreases the likelihood of a cave-in ofwalls 52 and/orceilings 54 of amine 56. - In addition, the
plate 58, which is trapped between theweld ring 38 andmine wall 52 orceiling 54 after installation, provides for additional support of the surroundingmine walls 52 andceilings 54, as the case may be. It is noted that theplate 58 is supported by theweld ring 38. Thus, if the rock above theplate 58 fractures and weakens, theplate 58 supports the rock, and theplate 58 in turn is supported by the friction stabilizer withtabs 20 in the drilled bore 50, and thetabs 40 advantageously constantly working against removal of the friction stabilizer withtabs 20 from the drilled bore 51. - The present invention also provided for a
mine support system 80. In particular, thefriction stabilizer 20 having tabs can be-positioned and spaced from one another in drilled bores 50 that are spaced about three feet apart from one another in all directions, for example in thewalls 52 andceiling 54 of themine 56. Awire mesh 65 is provided. Thewire mesh 65 is positioned adjacent to thewalls 52 andceiling 54 of themine 56. Then theplates 58 are aligned with the drilled bores 50 in the manner described above. Next, thefriction stabilizer 20 is driven into the drilled bore 50 in the manner previously described. Thewire mesh 65 extends between all of theplates 58 in the mine and is trapped between theplates 58 and themine wall 52 andplates 58 andceiling 54. Thewire mesh 65 serves to support any rocks or debris that break off of thewalls 52 orceiling 54 of themine 56. The ability of thewire mesh 65 to support greater loads is advantageously increased, because the frictionstabilizer having tabs 40 can support a greater load from thewire mesh 65. Thus, the stabilizer withtabs 20 can be used as an integral part of amine support system 80 to preventmine 56 cave-ins. - It is noted that the above-described
support system 80 can be used in combination with any of the above-described embodiments of the frictionstabilizer having tabs 20. - As previously described, in other embodiments the
tabs 25 can be any of a plurality of different shapes (rectangular shaped tabs, triangular shaped tabs, curved shaped tabs, polygonal shaped tabs, U-shaped tabs, tabs having both curved portions and linear portions, semi-circular shaped tabs, hook shaped tabs, parabolic shaped tabs, combinations of the above, or any other shaped tab that inhibits the withdrawal of the friction stabilizer withtabs 20 from the drilled bore 50 in the mine 56). - Additionally, in other embodiments, the rectangular shaped
tabs 40 can be formed such that they extend from thetubular body 22 anywhere from theexterior surface 26 of thetubular body 22 including randomly or in patterns. The same is true with respect to all of the above-described differently shapedtabs 25, in that they may all extend from thetubular body 22 randomly or in patterns. Also, the number oftabs 25 can be varied regardless of the shape of thetab 25. In addition, the size of thetab 25 can be varied depending on the requirements of the particular application in which thestabilizer 20 will be deployed. In yet other embodiments asingle tab 25 having any of the above described shapes may extend from thetubular body 22. Also, in other embodiments the length of thetaper 35 of thesecond portion 34 may be increased or decreased. - Also, the diameter of the
tubular body 22 of the friction stabilizer withtabs 20 may be more or less than an inch, but in other embodiments the diameter of the stabilizer may be customized to suit particular needs for a particular application. Thetubular body 22 can comprise various lengths L, for example the sixty inch length described above, or a length required for a particular application. For example, somemines 56 may requiretubular bodies 22 having lengths of twelve, eighteen, or forty inches, whereasother mines 56 may requiretubular bodies 22 having lengths of over two hundred inches. The frictionstabilizer having tabs 20 may be used in these mining applications. The material from which thestabilizer 20 andweld ring 38 are made comprises metal, such as steel, steel alloys, galvanized steel, high strength steel, metal and metal alloys. - Although a
friction stabilizer 20 with tabs has been described, the present invention could be otherwise embodied without departing from the principles thereof, and all such embodiments come with the scope and sprit of the present invention for afriction stabilizer 20 having tabs.
Claims (51)
1. A friction stabilizer for installation in a structural body, the friction stabilizer comprising:
a) a tubular body comprising first and second portions along the axial length thereof and having an exterior surface, the second portion having a taper,
b) the first portion having an impact end and the second portion having an insertion end, and
c) a tab on the tubular body and the tab extending outward from the exterior surface of the tubular body in a direction toward the impact end and away from the insertion end.
2. A friction stabilizer comprising according to claim 1 further comprising a weld ring joined to the exterior surface of the first portion.
3. The friction stabilizer according to claim 1 wherein the tubular body further comprises a first gap space wall and a second gap space wall spaced apart from one another by a tube gap space and wherein the tube gap space is used for allowing the tubular body to be compressed radially inward.
4. The friction stabilizer according to claim 2 wherein the weld ring has a weld ring gap space and wherein the weld ring is joined to exterior surface of the tubular body such that the weld ring gap space and tube gap space are aligned and wherein the weld ring gap space is used for allowing the weld ring to be compressed radially inward.
5. The friction stabilizer according to claim 4 wherein the weld ring comprises a rectangular shaped cross section.
6. The friction stabilizer according to claim 4 wherein the weld ring comprises a circular shaped cross section.
7. The friction stabilizer according to claim 1 wherein the tab comprises a rectangular shaped tab extending from the first portion of the tubular body.
8. The friction stabilizer according to claim 1 wherein the tab comprises a triangular shaped tab.
9. The friction stabilizer according to claim 1 wherein the tab comprises a polygonal shaped tab.
10. The friction stabilizer according to claim 1 wherein the tab comprises a U-shaped tab.
11. The friction stabilizer according to claim 1 wherein the tab comprises a semi-circular shaped tab.
12. The friction stabilizer according to claim 1 wherein the tab comprises a curved tab or parabolic shaped tab.
13. The friction stabilizer according to claim 1 wherein the tab comprises a shape such that the removal of the tubular body from a drilled bore in the structural body is inhibited.
14. The friction stabilizer according to claim 1 further comprising a notch used for allowing the taper in the second portion to be formed.
15. The friction stabilizer according to claim 7 wherein the rectangular shaped tab is connected to the tubular body at a bend and the rectangular shaped tab further comprises parallel tab side edges and a tab free edge connecting between the tab side edges and opposite to the bend.
16. A friction stabilizer for supporting mine walls and ceilings, the friction stabilizer comprising:
a) a tubular body comprising first and second portions along the axial length thereof, an exterior surface, the first portion having an impact end and the second portion having an insertion end and a taper, and
b) a first rectangular shaped tab, a second rectangular shaped tab, and a third rectangular shaped tab each joined to the tubular body at bends and extending outward from exterior surface of the first portion of the tubular body in a direction toward the impact end of the tubular body.
17. The friction stabilizer according to claim 16 wherein each of the first rectangular shaped tab, the second rectangular shaped tab, and third rectangular shaped tab comprises parallel tab side edges and a tab free edge connecting between the parallel tab side edges and opposite to the bend.
18. The friction stabilizer according to claim 17 wherein the parallel tab side edges are about 0.5 inches and the tab free edge is about 1.0 inch.
19. The friction stabilizer according to claim 16 wherein the first tab is about 4.0 inches from the insertion end, the second tab is about 14.0 inches from the insertion end, and the third tab is about 24.0 inches from the insertion end of the tubular body.
20. The friction stabilizer according to claim 19 wherein the tubular body has a length of about 60 inches.
21. The friction stabilizer according to claim 16 further comprising a weld ring having a weld ring gap space and wherein the tubular body has a tube gap space with the weld ring joined to the exterior surface of the first portion such that the weld ring gap space and tube gap space are aligned and wherein the tube gap space is used for allowing the tubular body to be compressed radially inward.
22. The friction stabilizer according to claim 16 wherein the tubular body further comprises a first gap space wall and a second gap space wall spaced apart from one another by a tube gap space and wherein the tube gap space is used for allowing the tubular body to be compressed radially inward.
23. The friction stabilizer according to claim 21 wherein the weld ring comprises a rectangular shaped cross section.
24. The friction stabilizer according to claim 21 wherein the weld ring comprises a circular shaped cross section.
25. A method of making a friction stabilizer for installation in a structural body, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a coil of metal and unrolling the coil of metal into a strip,
pressing the shapes of a tab to be formed into the strip of metal,
moving the strip of metal through cold rolling dies and forming the strip of steel into a tubular body having an exterior surface and a first portion and a second portion having a taper.
26. The method of making a friction stabilizer according to claim 25 wherein the step of pressing the shape of the tab to be formed includes pressing a rectangular shape into the strip of metal.
27. The method of making a friction stabilizer according to claim 25 wherein the step of pressing the shape of the tab to be formed includes pressing a triangular shape into the strip of metal.
28. The method of making a friction stabilizer according to claim 25 wherein the step of pressing the shape of the tab to be formed includes pressing a polygonal shape into the strip of metal.
29. The method of making a friction stabilizer according to claim 25 wherein the step of pressing the shape of the tab to be formed includes the step of pressing a curved shaped tab into the sheet of metal.
30. The method of making a friction stabilizer according to claim 25 wherein the step of pressing the shape of the tab to be formed includes the step of pressing a plurality of shapes of tabs to be formed into the tubular body.
31. The method of making a friction stabilizer according to claim 25 comprising the further steps of forming the tubular body to have a tubular body gap space and providing the weld ring with a weld ring gap space and aligning the tubular body gap space and weld ring gap space before connecting the weld ring to the exterior surface of the first portion.
32. The method of making a friction stabilizer according to claim 25 comprising the further step of punching a notch in the strip of metal.
33. The method of making a friction stabilizer according to claim 32 comprising the further step of using the notch for cutting the tubular body at a predetermined length such that the tubular body has an insertion end having the notch and an impact end opposite the insertion end.
34. The method of making a friction stabilizer according to claim 33 comprising the further step of swaging the insertion end of the tubular body and to form the taper in the tubular body.
35. The method of making a friction stabilizer according to claim 25 comprising the further step of providing a weld ring and joining the weld ring to the exterior surface of first portion.
36. A method of preventing a mine having a ceiling and walls from caving-in, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a drilled bore in the ceiling and/or wall of the mine,
providing a tubular body comprising an impact end and an insertion end and wherein the tubular body has a first portion and has a second portion provided with a taper,
providing the tubular body with a tube gap space and an exterior surface and providing the tubular body with a tab extending from the exterior surface in a direction toward the impact end of the tubular body,
providing a weld ring connected to the exterior surface of the first portion of the tubular body,
providing a plate having an opening,
positioning the plate opening such that it is aligned with the drilled bore,
aligning the impact end of the tubular body with the opening in the plate and hammering the impact end of the tubular body and driving the tubular body through the plate opening and into the drilled bore,
capturing the-plate between the weld ring and surrounding mine and the plate used for supporting the mine, and
using the tab for preventing the tubular body from being withdrawn from the drilled bore when load is applied to the plate.
37. The method of stabilizing a mine having walls and a ceiling according to claim 36 wherein the tab comprises a rectangular shaped tab.
38. The method of stabilizing a mine having walls and a ceiling according to claim 36 wherein the tab comprises a triangular shaped tab.
39. The method of stabilizing a mine having walls and a ceiling according to claim 36 wherein the shape of the tab is polygonal
40. The method of stabilizing a mine having walls and a ceiling according to claim 36 wherein the shape of the tab is curved.
41. The method of stabilizing a mine having walls and a ceiling according to claim 36 wherein the shape of the tab is such that it prevents removal of the tab from the drilled bore.
42. The method of stabilizing a mine having walls and a ceiling according to claim 36 wherein the weld ring has a rectangular cross section.
43. The method of-stabilizing a mine having walls and a ceiling according to claim 36 wherein the weld ring has a weld ring gap space that is aligned with the tubular body gap space.
44. A mine support system for use in a mine having drilled bores in the mine ceiling and walls, the mine support system comprising:
a) a plurality of tubular bodies each comprising an impact end, an exterior surface, and an insertion end and each tubular body further comprising a first portion and a second portion having a taper,
b) the tubular bodies each comprising a tubular body gap space and a notch in the second portion forming the taper,
c) a plurality of tabs connected on each of the tubular bodies and the tabs extending outwardly from exterior surface of the tubular bodies in a direction toward the impact ends of the tubular bodies,
d) weld rings connected to the exterior surfaces of the first portions of the tubular bodies,
e) plates having plate openings,
f) a wire mesh, and
g) wherein the tubular bodies are positioned in the drilled bores such that the tapers of the second portions are positioned farthest into the drilled bores, and such that the weld rings contact and support the plates and the plates contact the and support the wire mesh that is captured between the plates and surrounding mine walls.
45. The mine support system according to claim 44 wherein the shape of the tabs are rectangular.
46. The mine support system 44 wherein the shape of the tabs are triangular.
47. The mine support system according to claim 44 wherein the shapes of the tabs are polygonal.
48. The mine support system according to claim 44 wherein the shape of the tabs are curved.
49. The mine support system according to claim 44 wherein the shape of the tabs are such that they prevent removal of the tab from the drilled bore.
50. The mine support system according to claim 44 wherein the weld rings each have a rectangular cross section.
51. The mine support system according to claim 50 wherein the weld rings have weld ring gap spaces that are aligned with the tubular body gap spaces.
Priority Applications (3)
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US11/072,390 US20050147474A1 (en) | 2003-09-30 | 2005-03-04 | Friction stabilizer with tabs |
US11/633,907 US20070196183A1 (en) | 2003-09-30 | 2006-12-05 | Friction stabilizer with tabs |
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US50736603P | 2003-09-30 | 2003-09-30 | |
US10/946,468 US20050069388A1 (en) | 2003-09-30 | 2004-09-21 | Friction stabilizer with tabs |
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- 2004-09-24 CA CA002483081A patent/CA2483081A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-24 PE PE2004000932A patent/PE20050646A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-09-28 AR ARP040103520A patent/AR050222A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-09-29 AU AU2004276393A patent/AU2004276393A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-29 WO PCT/CA2004/001758 patent/WO2005031117A1/en active Application Filing
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2005
- 2005-03-04 US US11/072,390 patent/US20050147474A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060285929A1 (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2006-12-21 | Valgora George G | Bearing plate having tab |
US20080219775A1 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-11 | Frederic Mercier-Langevin | Bolt assembly |
CN102135005A (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-07-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for supporting roof of roadway under coal pillar and gob transition section |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20050147474A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
PE20050646A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
AU2004276393A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
WO2005031117A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
ZA200602591B (en) | 2007-09-26 |
AR050222A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
CA2483081A1 (en) | 2005-03-30 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ROLL FORM GROUP, A DIVISION OF SAMUEL MANU-TECH IN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VALGORA, GEORGE G.;REEL/FRAME:015824/0799 Effective date: 20040921 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |