US20050133226A1 - Modular hydrojetting tool - Google Patents
Modular hydrojetting tool Download PDFInfo
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- US20050133226A1 US20050133226A1 US10/739,431 US73943103A US2005133226A1 US 20050133226 A1 US20050133226 A1 US 20050133226A1 US 73943103 A US73943103 A US 73943103A US 2005133226 A1 US2005133226 A1 US 2005133226A1
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- Prior art keywords
- jetting
- sleeve
- tool
- module
- nozzles
- Prior art date
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- Abandoned
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000013201 Stress fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
- E21B34/142—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools unsupported or free-falling elements, e.g. balls, plugs, darts or pistons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to hydrojetting tools for fracturing oil and gas wells, and more particularly, to a hydrojetting tool with jetting openings which may be sequentially opened during a jetting operation.
- Hydraulic fracturing is often utilized to stimulate the production of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations penetrated by wellbores.
- a portion of the formation to be fractured is isolated using conventional packers or the like, and a fracturing fluid is pumped through the wellbore and perforations into the isolated portion of the formation to be stimulated at a rate and pressure such that fractures are formed and extended in the formation.
- Propping agent is suspended in the fracturing fluid to keep the fractures from closing and thereby provide conductive channels in the formation through which produced fluids can readily flow to the wellbore.
- One method that has been developed for such fracturing is to use a hydrojetting tool having at least one fluid jet forming nozzle.
- the hydrojetting tool is positioned adjacent to a formation to be fractured, and fluid is then jetted through the nozzle against the formation at a pressure sufficient to form a cavity therein.
- the high pressure exerted on the formation causes a microfracture to occur.
- Hydrojetting has been used in cased wellbores as well as uncased ones.
- Hydrojetting has worked well to create a controlled fracture.
- the process is limited in that the method uses a tool that inherently is limited in its ability to deliver large volumes of proppant through the orifices.
- a problem that can arise with hydrojetting is that the jetting nozzles can erode to an extent that they can no longer jet the fluid at a sufficient pressure to cut into the formation.
- the tool With present hydrojetting tools, the tool must be retrieved from the well and refitted with new jetting nozzles. Obviously, this is a costly and time-consuming procedure.
- the present invention solves this problem by providing a hydrojetting tool with a series of modules, each module having at least one jetting nozzle therein.
- the jetting nozzles may be sequentially opened so that a new jetting nozzle is available when it is determined that the previous jetting nozzle has had too much erosion.
- the tool may be run into the wellbore with as many modules as necessary.
- the modular hydrojetting tool of the present invention comprises a plurality of jetting modules that can be opened sequentially from the surface when desired. Each module has at least one jetting nozzle therein.
- the invention may be described as a hydrojetting tool for use in a well adjacent to a formation of interest, wherein the tool comprises a plurality of jetting modules, each jetting module having jetting nozzles therein adapted for jetting fluid into the formation
- the jetting modules may be operated sequentially.
- At least one of the modules has a sleeve therein moveable from a first position covering the jetting nozzles in the one module to a second position covering the jetting nozzles in an adjacent module.
- a plug may be pumped into engagement with the sleeve for moving it from the first position to the second position.
- the sleeve preferably comprises an inwardly extending mandrel adapted for engagement by the plug. The plug may be further pumped through the sleeve after moving it from the first position to the second position thereof.
- the apparatus is a hydrojetting tool comprising a plurality of jetting modules with jetting nozzles therein adapted for jetting fluid into a well formation, and a sleeve slidably disposed in all but one of the jetting modules.
- Each sleeve has a first position covering the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module and is moveable to a second position uncovering the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module and covering the jetting nozzles in an adjacent jetting module.
- the sleeves may be moved sequentially such that the jetting modules may be operated sequentially.
- the apparatus may further comprise a plurality of plugs, wherein each plug may be pumped into engagement with a corresponding one of the sleeves for moving the corresponding sleeve from its first position to its second position.
- each sleeve comprises an upper sleeve portion which covers the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module when the sleeve is in the first position, a lower sleeve portion which covers the jetting nozzles in the adjacent jetting module when the sleeve is in the second position, and an inwardly extending mandrel disposed between the upper and lower sleeve portions and adapted for engagement by the corresponding plug.
- the mandrels define holes therein, and the holes are progressively larger from a lowermost sleeve to an uppermost sleeve.
- the jetting module not having a sleeve therein is the lowermost jetting module.
- the lowermost jetting module may have a shoulder therein for limiting movement of the sleeve in the adjacent jetting module.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a modular hydrojetting tool of the present invention in position in a tool string in a deviated portion of a well.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B show a cross-sectional view of the modular hydrojetting tool.
- Hydrojetting tool 10 is positioned in a wellbore 12 on a tubing string 14 .
- Wellbore 12 is shown as a deviated wellbore that penetrates a subterranean formation 16 .
- Wellbore 12 includes a substantially vertical portion 18 which extends to the surface and a substantially horizontal portion 20 which extends into formation 16 .
- hydrojetting tool 10 may be used in virtually any type of wellbore and is not intended to be limited to use in deviated wells.
- hydrojetting tool 10 Additional tools may be run with hydrojetting tool 10 as desired.
- a centralizer 22 may be run to keep hydrojetting tool 10 in a central position within wellbore 12 .
- Other tools could also be run with hydrojetting tool 10 but are not shown for simplicity.
- Hydrojetting tool 10 comprises a plurality of jetting modules.
- First module 24 is the lowermost module.
- Second module 26 is above first module 24
- third module 28 is above second module 26 .
- any number of modules can be included in hydrojetting tool 10 , and the invention is not intended to be limited to the three shown.
- Hydrojetting tool 10 has a housing 30 which includes an upper adapter 32 connected to tubing string 14 in a known manner.
- Housing 30 also includes a first module housing 34 which is the outer portion of first module 24 , a second module housing 36 which is the outer portion of second module 26 , and a third module housing 38 which is the outer portion of third module 28 .
- First module housing 34 is attached to second module housing 36 by a threaded connection 40 .
- Second module housing 36 is attached to third module housing 38 by a threaded connection 42 .
- Third module housing 38 is attached to upper adapter 32 by threaded connection 44 .
- First module housing 34 of first module 24 defines a bore 46 therein with an inwardly extending shoulder 48 at the lower end thereof. Above shoulder 48 , a plurality of openings 50 are defined in first module housing 34 . A first jetting nozzle 52 is disposed in each opening 50 . Each of first jetting nozzles 52 defines an orifice 54 therein. First jetting nozzles 52 may be replaceable.
- Hydrojetting tool 10 has a central opening 56 therethrough.
- first jetting nozzles 52 are in communication with central opening 56 .
- Second module housing 36 of second module 26 defines a bore 58 therein.
- a second module sleeve 60 is slidably disposed in bore 58 .
- Second module sleeve 60 has an inwardly extending mandrel 62 therein with a hole 64 therethrough. Extending upwardly from mandrel 62 is an upper sleeve portion 66 , and extending downwardly from mandrel 62 is a lower sleeve portion 68 .
- Second module sleeve 60 is initially held in second module housing 36 by a shear pin 69 .
- Second jetting nozzles 72 may be replaceable. In the configuration of hydrojetting tool 10 as it is run into wellbore 12 , second jetting nozzles 72 are covered by upper sleeve portion 66 of second module sleeve 60 so that second jetting nozzles 72 are not in communication with central opening 56 . This is a first position of second module sleeve 60 .
- Third module 28 is substantially identical to second module 26 .
- Third module housing 38 of third module 28 defines a bore 76 therein.
- a third module sleeve 78 is slidably disposed in bore 76 .
- Third module sleeve 78 has an inwardly extending mandrel 80 therein with a hole 82 therethrough. Hole 82 in third module sleeve 78 is larger than hole 64 in second module sleeve 60 .
- Extending upwardly from mandrel 80 is an upper sleeve portion 84 , and extending downwardly from the mandrel 80 is a lower sleeve portion 86 .
- Third module sleeve 78 is initially held in third module housing 38 by a shear pin 87 .
- third jetting nozzle 90 is disposed in each opening 88 .
- Each of third jetting nozzles 90 defines an orifice 92 therein.
- Third jetting nozzles 90 may be replaceable.
- third jetting nozzles 90 are covered by upper sleeve portion 84 of third module sleeve 78 so that third jetting nozzles 90 are not in communication with central opening 56 . This is a first position of third module sleeve 78 .
- First, second and third jetting nozzles 52 , 72 and 90 are illustrated as being oriented substantially perpendicular to a central axis of hydrojetting tool 10 and wellbore 12 . However, if so desired, any or all of the first, second and third jetting nozzles 52 , 72 and 90 could be positioned at a different angle so that fractures may be initiated at such angles.
- modular hydrojetting tool 10 is run into wellbore 12 on tubing string 14 in a conventional manner. As already indicated, other tools, such as centralizer 22 may also be run on tubing string 14 as needed. Hydrojetting tool 10 is positioned at the desired location within formation 16 .
- hydrojetting tool 10 is initially in a configuration in which first jetting nozzles 52 are open and in communication with central opening 56 , and second and third jetting nozzles 72 and 90 are closed and covered by second and third module sleeves 60 and 78 , respectively, which are in the first positions thereof.
- Jetting fluid is pumped down tubing string 14 and jetted out first jetting nozzles 52 to begin initiation of fractures 94 in formation 16 and then propagation of propped fractures.
- fluid rate is increased and injection via the annulus between tubing string 14 and wellbore 12 is initiated and established.
- Bemouli's principle allows the hydraulic fracture to remain isolated at the point of the jetting, and proppant fluid is pumped in the flow via tubing string 14 and through first jetting nozzles 52 . This proppant increases the erosion process of first jetting nozzles 52 , and the pressure due to the nozzle diameter starts to decrease and can be detected at the surface.
- Plug 96 When the operator determines when or if first jetting nozzles 52 have eroded or “washed” out too much for effective further jetting, a plug 96 is dropped into tubing string 14 and pumped down into hydrojetting tool 10 .
- Plug 96 has a plurality of wipers 98 to engage the inner surface of tubing string 14 and has a nose 100 on a lower end.
- Plug 96 is adapted to pass through hole 82 in third module sleeve 78 and to engage mandrel 62 on second module sleeve 60 .
- Nose 100 is adapted to fit in hole 64 in second module sleeve 60 .
- jetting with second jetting nozzles 72 may then be carried out to form additional fractures 102 .
- Plug 104 When or if it is determined that second jetting nozzles 72 have incurred too much erosion, then another trip plug 104 is dropped into tubing string 14 and pumped down into hydrojetting tool 10 .
- Plug 104 has a plurality of wipers 106 to engage the inner surface of tubing string 14 and has a nose 108 on a lower end.
- Plug 104 is adapted to engage mandrel 80 on third module sleeve 78 .
- Nose 108 is adapted to fit in hole 82 in third module sleeve 78 .
- third module sleeve 78 After plug 104 thus engages third module sleeve 78 , further pressure applied will force plug 104 to shear shear pin 87 and move third module sleeve 78 downwardly until it contacts the upper end of second module sleeve 60 . This is a second position of third module sleeve 78 . When third module sleeve 78 moves to this second position, it covers and recloses second jetting nozzles 72 and uncovers and thus opens third jetting nozzles 90 to communication with central opening 56 .
- jetting with third jetting nozzles 90 may then be carried out to form additional fractures 110 .
- First module housing 34 has been illustrated herein as having central opening 56 continue below shoulder 48 so that fluid can be flowed through hydrojetting tool 10 to any other tools therebelow and also to allow full circulation of fluid through tubing string 14 and hydrojetting tool 10 as required.
- Plugs 96 and 104 may be configured so that they can be pumped on through hydrojetting tool 10 by the application of additional pressure thereon to provide for such further fluid flow or circulation. If this flow is not necessary, a lower end of first module housing 34 is simply closed.
Abstract
A modular hydrojetting tool for fracturing well formations. The tool has a plurality of jetting modules. Each jetting module has a plurality of jetting nozzles therein. A sleeve is disposed in each jetting module except the lowermost module, and each sleeve is moveable from a first position covering the jetting nozzles in the corresponding module to a second position covering the jetting nozzles in an adjacent module. Plugs may be pumped into the tool to move each sleeve sequentially, thereby operating the jetting modules sequentially.
Description
- The present invention relates to hydrojetting tools for fracturing oil and gas wells, and more particularly, to a hydrojetting tool with jetting openings which may be sequentially opened during a jetting operation.
- Hydraulic fracturing is often utilized to stimulate the production of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations penetrated by wellbores. In performing hydraulic fracturing treatments, a portion of the formation to be fractured is isolated using conventional packers or the like, and a fracturing fluid is pumped through the wellbore and perforations into the isolated portion of the formation to be stimulated at a rate and pressure such that fractures are formed and extended in the formation. Propping agent is suspended in the fracturing fluid to keep the fractures from closing and thereby provide conductive channels in the formation through which produced fluids can readily flow to the wellbore.
- One method that has been developed for such fracturing is to use a hydrojetting tool having at least one fluid jet forming nozzle. The hydrojetting tool is positioned adjacent to a formation to be fractured, and fluid is then jetted through the nozzle against the formation at a pressure sufficient to form a cavity therein. The high pressure exerted on the formation causes a microfracture to occur. Hydrojetting has been used in cased wellbores as well as uncased ones.
- Hydrojetting has worked well to create a controlled fracture. However, the process is limited in that the method uses a tool that inherently is limited in its ability to deliver large volumes of proppant through the orifices.
- A problem that can arise with hydrojetting is that the jetting nozzles can erode to an extent that they can no longer jet the fluid at a sufficient pressure to cut into the formation. With present hydrojetting tools, the tool must be retrieved from the well and refitted with new jetting nozzles. Obviously, this is a costly and time-consuming procedure. The present invention solves this problem by providing a hydrojetting tool with a series of modules, each module having at least one jetting nozzle therein. The jetting nozzles may be sequentially opened so that a new jetting nozzle is available when it is determined that the previous jetting nozzle has had too much erosion. The tool may be run into the wellbore with as many modules as necessary.
- The modular hydrojetting tool of the present invention comprises a plurality of jetting modules that can be opened sequentially from the surface when desired. Each module has at least one jetting nozzle therein.
- The invention may be described as a hydrojetting tool for use in a well adjacent to a formation of interest, wherein the tool comprises a plurality of jetting modules, each jetting module having jetting nozzles therein adapted for jetting fluid into the formation The jetting modules may be operated sequentially.
- At least one of the modules has a sleeve therein moveable from a first position covering the jetting nozzles in the one module to a second position covering the jetting nozzles in an adjacent module. A plug may be pumped into engagement with the sleeve for moving it from the first position to the second position. The sleeve preferably comprises an inwardly extending mandrel adapted for engagement by the plug. The plug may be further pumped through the sleeve after moving it from the first position to the second position thereof.
- Stated in another way, the apparatus is a hydrojetting tool comprising a plurality of jetting modules with jetting nozzles therein adapted for jetting fluid into a well formation, and a sleeve slidably disposed in all but one of the jetting modules. Each sleeve has a first position covering the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module and is moveable to a second position uncovering the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module and covering the jetting nozzles in an adjacent jetting module. The sleeves may be moved sequentially such that the jetting modules may be operated sequentially.
- The apparatus may further comprise a plurality of plugs, wherein each plug may be pumped into engagement with a corresponding one of the sleeves for moving the corresponding sleeve from its first position to its second position.
- In the preferred embodiment, each sleeve comprises an upper sleeve portion which covers the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module when the sleeve is in the first position, a lower sleeve portion which covers the jetting nozzles in the adjacent jetting module when the sleeve is in the second position, and an inwardly extending mandrel disposed between the upper and lower sleeve portions and adapted for engagement by the corresponding plug. The mandrels define holes therein, and the holes are progressively larger from a lowermost sleeve to an uppermost sleeve.
- The jetting module not having a sleeve therein is the lowermost jetting module. The lowermost jetting module may have a shoulder therein for limiting movement of the sleeve in the adjacent jetting module.
- Numerous objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art when the following detailed description of the invention is read in conjunction with the drawings illustrating such embodiment.
-
FIG. 1 illustrates a modular hydrojetting tool of the present invention in position in a tool string in a deviated portion of a well. -
FIGS. 2A and 2B show a cross-sectional view of the modular hydrojetting tool. - Referring now to the drawings, and particularly to
FIG. 1 , a modular hydrojetting tool of the present invention is shown and generally designated by thenumeral 10.Hydrojetting tool 10 is positioned in awellbore 12 on atubing string 14. Wellbore 12 is shown as a deviated wellbore that penetrates asubterranean formation 16.Wellbore 12 includes a substantiallyvertical portion 18 which extends to the surface and a substantiallyhorizontal portion 20 which extends intoformation 16. It will be understood by those skilled in the art thathydrojetting tool 10 may be used in virtually any type of wellbore and is not intended to be limited to use in deviated wells. - Additional tools may be run with
hydrojetting tool 10 as desired. For example, but not by way of limitation, acentralizer 22 may be run to keephydrojetting tool 10 in a central position withinwellbore 12. Other tools could also be run withhydrojetting tool 10 but are not shown for simplicity. - Referring now to
FIGS. 2A and 2B , the details ofhydrojetting tool 10 will be discussed.Hydrojetting tool 10 comprises a plurality of jetting modules. In the illustrated embodiment, there are afirst module 24, asecond module 26 and athird module 28.First module 24 is the lowermost module.Second module 26 is abovefirst module 24, andthird module 28 is abovesecond module 26. As will be further described herein, any number of modules can be included inhydrojetting tool 10, and the invention is not intended to be limited to the three shown. -
Hydrojetting tool 10 has a housing 30 which includes anupper adapter 32 connected totubing string 14 in a known manner. Housing 30 also includes a first module housing 34 which is the outer portion offirst module 24, a second module housing 36 which is the outer portion ofsecond module 26, and a third module housing 38 which is the outer portion ofthird module 28. First module housing 34 is attached to second module housing 36 by a threadedconnection 40. Second module housing 36 is attached to third module housing 38 by a threadedconnection 42. Third module housing 38 is attached toupper adapter 32 by threadedconnection 44. - First module housing 34 of
first module 24 defines abore 46 therein with an inwardly extendingshoulder 48 at the lower end thereof. Aboveshoulder 48, a plurality ofopenings 50 are defined in first module housing 34. Afirst jetting nozzle 52 is disposed in each opening 50. Each offirst jetting nozzles 52 defines anorifice 54 therein.First jetting nozzles 52 may be replaceable. -
Hydrojetting tool 10 has acentral opening 56 therethrough. In the configuration ofhydrojetting tool 10 as it is run intowellbore 12, first jettingnozzles 52 are in communication withcentral opening 56. - Second module housing 36 of
second module 26 defines abore 58 therein. Asecond module sleeve 60 is slidably disposed inbore 58.Second module sleeve 60 has an inwardly extendingmandrel 62 therein with ahole 64 therethrough. Extending upwardly frommandrel 62 is anupper sleeve portion 66, and extending downwardly frommandrel 62 is alower sleeve portion 68.Second module sleeve 60 is initially held in second module housing 36 by ashear pin 69. - Above mandrel 62 a plurality of
openings 70 are defined in second module housing 36. Asecond jetting nozzle 72 is disposed in eachopening 70. Each ofsecond jetting nozzles 72 defines anorifice 74 therein.Second jetting nozzles 72 may be replaceable. In the configuration ofhydrojetting tool 10 as it is run intowellbore 12,second jetting nozzles 72 are covered byupper sleeve portion 66 ofsecond module sleeve 60 so thatsecond jetting nozzles 72 are not in communication withcentral opening 56. This is a first position ofsecond module sleeve 60. -
Third module 28 is substantially identical tosecond module 26. Third module housing 38 ofthird module 28 defines abore 76 therein. Athird module sleeve 78 is slidably disposed inbore 76.Third module sleeve 78 has an inwardly extendingmandrel 80 therein with ahole 82 therethrough.Hole 82 inthird module sleeve 78 is larger thanhole 64 insecond module sleeve 60. Extending upwardly frommandrel 80 is anupper sleeve portion 84, and extending downwardly from themandrel 80 is alower sleeve portion 86.Third module sleeve 78 is initially held in third module housing 38 by ashear pin 87. - Above
mandrel 80, a plurality ofopenings 88 are defined in third module housing 38. Athird jetting nozzle 90 is disposed in eachopening 88. Each ofthird jetting nozzles 90 defines anorifice 92 therein. Third jettingnozzles 90 may be replaceable. In the configuration ofhydrojetting tool 10 as it is run intowellbore 12,third jetting nozzles 90 are covered byupper sleeve portion 84 ofthird module sleeve 78 so thatthird jetting nozzles 90 are not in communication withcentral opening 56. This is a first position ofthird module sleeve 78. - First, second and
third jetting nozzles hydrojetting tool 10 andwellbore 12. However, if so desired, any or all of the first, second andthird jetting nozzles - In operation,
modular hydrojetting tool 10 is run intowellbore 12 ontubing string 14 in a conventional manner. As already indicated, other tools, such ascentralizer 22 may also be run ontubing string 14 as needed.Hydrojetting tool 10 is positioned at the desired location withinformation 16. - As previously discussed herein,
hydrojetting tool 10 is initially in a configuration in whichfirst jetting nozzles 52 are open and in communication withcentral opening 56, and second andthird jetting nozzles third module sleeves - Jetting fluid is pumped down
tubing string 14 and jetted out first jettingnozzles 52 to begin initiation offractures 94 information 16 and then propagation of propped fractures. As the fracture propagates, fluid rate is increased and injection via the annulus betweentubing string 14 and wellbore 12 is initiated and established. Bemouli's principle allows the hydraulic fracture to remain isolated at the point of the jetting, and proppant fluid is pumped in the flow viatubing string 14 and throughfirst jetting nozzles 52. This proppant increases the erosion process offirst jetting nozzles 52, and the pressure due to the nozzle diameter starts to decrease and can be detected at the surface. - When the operator determines when or if first jetting
nozzles 52 have eroded or “washed” out too much for effective further jetting, aplug 96 is dropped intotubing string 14 and pumped down intohydrojetting tool 10.Plug 96 has a plurality ofwipers 98 to engage the inner surface oftubing string 14 and has anose 100 on a lower end.Plug 96 is adapted to pass throughhole 82 inthird module sleeve 78 and to engagemandrel 62 onsecond module sleeve 60.Nose 100 is adapted to fit inhole 64 insecond module sleeve 60. Afterplug 96 thus engagessecond module sleeve 60, further pressure applied will force plug 96 to shearshear pin 69 and movesecond module sleeve 60 downwardly until itcontacts shoulder 48 in first module housing 34. This is a second position ofsecond module sleeve 60. Whensecond module sleeve 60 moves to this second position, it covers and closes first jettingnozzles 52 and uncovers and thus opens second jettingnozzles 72 to communication withcentral opening 56. - Further jetting with
second jetting nozzles 72 may then be carried out to formadditional fractures 102. - When or if it is determined that
second jetting nozzles 72 have incurred too much erosion, then anothertrip plug 104 is dropped intotubing string 14 and pumped down intohydrojetting tool 10.Plug 104 has a plurality ofwipers 106 to engage the inner surface oftubing string 14 and has anose 108 on a lower end.Plug 104 is adapted to engagemandrel 80 onthird module sleeve 78.Nose 108 is adapted to fit inhole 82 inthird module sleeve 78. Afterplug 104 thus engagesthird module sleeve 78, further pressure applied will force plug 104 to shearshear pin 87 and movethird module sleeve 78 downwardly until it contacts the upper end ofsecond module sleeve 60. This is a second position ofthird module sleeve 78. Whenthird module sleeve 78 moves to this second position, it covers and recloses second jettingnozzles 72 and uncovers and thus opensthird jetting nozzles 90 to communication withcentral opening 56. - Further jetting with
third jetting nozzles 90 may then be carried out to formadditional fractures 110. - While three modules have been shown herein for
hydrojetting tool 10, those skilled in the art will see that additional modules could also be used as necessary to carry on jetting offormation 16 until the desired amount of fluid is flowed outformation 16. The above-described procedure would simply be repeated for each module. It is important to note that each succeeding trip plug must be larger than the previous one so that the plug and mandrel systems match and the next series of jetting nozzles are opened and used as desired. - First module housing 34 has been illustrated herein as having
central opening 56 continue belowshoulder 48 so that fluid can be flowed throughhydrojetting tool 10 to any other tools therebelow and also to allow full circulation of fluid throughtubing string 14 andhydrojetting tool 10 as required.Plugs hydrojetting tool 10 by the application of additional pressure thereon to provide for such further fluid flow or circulation. If this flow is not necessary, a lower end of first module housing 34 is simply closed. - It will be seen, therefore, that the modular hydrojetting tool of the present invention is well adapted to carry out the ends and advantages mentioned as well as those inherent therein. While a presently preferred embodiment has been shown for the purposes of this disclosure, numerous changes in the arrangement and construction of the parts and steps in the method of use may be made by those skilled in the art. All such changes are encompassed within the scope and spirit of the appended claims.
Claims (29)
1. A hydrojetting tool for use in a wellbore, comprising a plurality of jetting modules, wherein:
each jetting module has jetting nozzles therein adapted for jetting fluid into a formation adjacent the wellbore; and
the jetting modules may be operated sequentially.
2. The tool of claim 1 wherein at least one of the jetting modules has a sleeve therein moveable from a first position covering the jetting nozzles in the one jetting module to a second position covering the jetting nozzles in an adjacent jetting module.
3. The tool of claim 2 further comprising a plug which may be pumped into engagement with the sleeve for moving it from the first position to the second position.
4. The tool of claim 3 wherein the sleeve comprises an inwardly extending mandrel adapted for engagement by the plug.
5. The tool of claim 3 wherein the plug may be further pumped through the sleeve after moving the sleeve from the first position to the second position.
6. The tool of claim 1 wherein:
there are at least three jetting modules;
each of the jetting modules except one has a sleeve therein; and
each sleeve is moveable from a first position covering the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module to a second position covering the jetting nozzles in an adjacent jetting module.
7. The tool of claim 6 further comprising a plurality of plugs, wherein each plug is adapted for engagement with a corresponding one of the sleeves for moving the sleeve from its first position to its second position.
8. The tool of claim 7 wherein the plugs may be further pumped through the corresponding sleeve after moving the sleeve from the first position to the second position.
9. The tool of claim 6 wherein the jetting module without a sleeve therein is a lowermost jetting module.
10. The tool of claim 1 wherein the jetting nozzles are replaceable.
11. A hydrojetting tool for use in a wellbore, comprising:
a plurality of jetting modules, wherein each jetting module has jetting nozzles therein adapted for jetting fluid into a formation adjacent the wellbore; and
a sleeve slidably disposed in all but one of the jetting modules, wherein each sleeve has a first position covering the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module and is moveable to a second position uncovering the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module and covering the jetting nozzles in an adjacent jetting module.
12. The tool of claim 11 wherein the sleeves may be moved sequentially such that the jetting modules may be operated sequentially.
13. The tool of claim 11 wherein the sleeves are moved downwardly from the first to second positions thereof.
14. The tool of claim 13 further comprising a plurality of plugs, wherein each plug may be pumped into engagement with a corresponding one of the sleeves for moving the corresponding sleeve from its first position to its second position.
15. The tool of claim 14 wherein each sleeve comprises:
an upper sleeve portion which covers the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module when the sleeve is in the first position;
a lower sleeve portion which covers the jetting nozzles in the adjacent jetting module when the sleeve is in the second position; and
an inwardly extending mandrel disposed between the upper and lower sleeve portions and adapted for engagement by the corresponding plug.
16. The tool of claim 15 wherein the mandrels define holes therein, the holes being progressively larger from a lowermost sleeve to an uppermost sleeve.
17. The tool of claim 14 wherein the plugs may be further pumped through the tool after moving the corresponding sleeve from its first position to its second position.
18. The tool of claim 11 wherein the jetting module not having a sleeve therein is a lowermost jetting module.
19. The tool of claim 18 wherein the lowermost jetting module has a shoulder therein for limiting movement of the sleeve in the adjacent jetting module.
20. The tool of claim 11 wherein the jetting nozzles are replaceable.
21. A hydrojetting tool for use in a wellbore, comprising:
a plurality of jetting modules, wherein each jetting module has jetting nozzles therein adapted for jetting fluid into a formation adjacent the wellbore;
a sleeve slidably disposed in all but one of the jetting modules, wherein each sleeve has a first position covering the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module and is moveable to a second position uncovering the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module and covering the jetting nozzles in an adjacent jetting module; and
a plurality of plugs, wherein each plug is adapted for being pumped into engagement with a corresponding one of the sleeves and thereby moving the corresponding sleeve from its first position to its second position.
22. The tool of claim 21 wherein the sleeves may be engaged and moved sequentially such that the jetting modules may be operated sequentially.
23. The tool of claim 21 wherein the sleeves are moved downwardly from the first to second positions thereof.
24. The tool of claim 21 wherein each sleeve comprises:
an upper sleeve portion which covers the jetting nozzles in the corresponding jetting module when the sleeve is in the first position;
a lower sleeve portion which covers the jetting nozzles in the adjacent jetting module when the sleeve is in the second position; and
an inwardly extending mandrel disposed between the upper and lower sleeve portions and adapted for engagement by the corresponding plug.
25. The tool of claim 24 wherein the mandrels define holes therethrough, the holes being progressively larger from a lowermost sleeve to an uppermost sleeve.
26. The tool of claim 21 wherein the plugs may be further pumped through the tool after moving the corresponding sleeve from the first position to the second position.
27. The tool of claim 21 wherein the jetting module not having a sleeve therein is a lowermost jetting module.
28. The tool of claim 21 wherein the jetting nozzles are replaceable.
29. A method of treating a formation located adjacent a wellbore, comprising the steps of:
providing a tool comprising first and second jetting modules, wherein each jetting module has at least one jetting nozzle therein adapted for jetting fluid into the formation;
positioning the tool adjacent the formation;
pumping fluid to the tool, wherein the fluid is jetted out the at least one jetting nozzle in the first jetting module but not out the at least one jetting nozzle in the second jetting module; and
pumping a plug to the tool, wherein fluid stops being jetted out the at least one jetting nozzle in the first jetting module and starts being jetted out the at least one jetting nozzle in the second jetting module.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/739,431 US20050133226A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2003-12-18 | Modular hydrojetting tool |
PCT/GB2004/004726 WO2005059305A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2004-11-09 | Modular hydrojetting tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/739,431 US20050133226A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2003-12-18 | Modular hydrojetting tool |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050133226A1 true US20050133226A1 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
Family
ID=34677603
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/739,431 Abandoned US20050133226A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2003-12-18 | Modular hydrojetting tool |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050133226A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005059305A1 (en) |
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Owner name: HALLIBURTON ENERGY SERVICES, INC., TEXAS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LEHMAN, LYLE V.;REEL/FRAME:015253/0371 Effective date: 20040407 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |