US20060093980A1 - Candleholder with a melting plate alignment feature - Google Patents
Candleholder with a melting plate alignment feature Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060093980A1 US20060093980A1 US11/271,356 US27135605A US2006093980A1 US 20060093980 A1 US20060093980 A1 US 20060093980A1 US 27135605 A US27135605 A US 27135605A US 2006093980 A1 US2006093980 A1 US 2006093980A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- melting plate
- candleholder
- recess
- disposed
- wick
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V35/00—Candle holders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
- F23D3/02—Wick burners
- F23D3/18—Details of wick burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
- F23D3/02—Wick burners
- F23D3/18—Details of wick burners
- F23D3/24—Carriers for wicks
- F23D3/26—Safety devices thereon
Definitions
- the present invention relates to candleholders.
- a wicked candle is disposed inside a cylindrical container having a recessed stepped ring encircling an open top end thereof.
- a circular shade body fits within the open top end and has an outer peripheral flange that rests on the recessed stepped ring.
- Another candleholder includes a standard for receiving a candlestick, which extends from a base of the candleholder.
- the standard has a socket with an out-turned flange at an upper end thereof for receiving the candlestick therein.
- a funneled split tube is disposed in the socket.
- the split tube has an out-turned peripheral flange that rests on the out-turned flange of the socket.
- a cap spans the out-turned flange of the socket and rests on a peripheral edge thereof spaced above the split tube.
- An electric candle has a hollow cylindrical body portion extending up from a mounting base.
- a votive candle is carried within an open upper end of the body portion by a bracket having a plurality of arms extending radially outwardly from a central frustoconical rim.
- the votive is carried inside the rim, and the peripheral edges of the arms rest on a recessed inner annular rim at the open upper end of the body portion.
- a candle having a constant elevation flame includes a wax body contained within a tubular outer casing.
- a spring urges the wax body upwardly toward a wick carried over an open end of the outer casing by a thermally-insulated cover.
- the wick extends through a central aperture in the cover and is retained at a constant elevational position by a wire.
- An outturned peripheral lip of the cover rests in a peripheral recess in the tubular casing.
- a candleholder for carrying a fuel element thereon includes a base portion having a sidewall defining a recess at a top end of the base portion and a shoulder spaced from the top end projecting from the wall within the recess.
- a melting plate adapted to retain the fuel element is disposed within the recess.
- the melting plate has a peripheral edge and a ledge spaced from the peripheral edge defined in a bottom surface of the plate. The ledge engages the shoulder.
- a candleholder includes a base portion and a melting plate.
- the base portion includes a recess in an upper end thereof.
- the recess is defined by a peripheral inner wall surface and a bottom wall surface.
- a shoulder protrudes from the peripheral inner wall surface, and a ring protrudes from the bottom wall surface.
- the melting plate includes a bottom central wall portion surrounded by an upturned peripheral wall portion, a ledge defined in a bottom surface of the upturned peripheral wall portion, and a cavity defined in the bottom surface of the central wall portion.
- the ledge is spaced from a peripheral edge of the melting plate.
- the melting plate is disposed in the recess with the ledge disposed on the shoulder and the ring disposed inside the cavity.
- a candleholder in yet another aspect of the present invention, includes a base portion having a recess for supporting a concave melting plate therein and an alignment mechanism to align the melting plate in the recess in a pre-selected spaced relationship to a portion of the base portion.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded isometric view of a candle assembly according to one aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged isometric view of a wick holder shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel element along the line 3 - 3 of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view generally transverse to line 3 - 3 of FIG. 1 with the candle assembly in assembled form;
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view along the line 5 - 5 of FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged isometric view of a wick holder and a portion of a melting plate according to yet another aspect of the invention.
- FIG. 7 is an isometric view of still another wick holder according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the wick holder shown in FIG. 7 in a similar view as shown in FIG. 5 ;
- FIG. 9 is an isometric view of a candleholder according to another aspect of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is an exploded isometric view of a candleholder according to a further aspect of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the candleholder of FIG. 10 along a vertical plane at a centerline thereof.
- a candle assembly 100 includes a support base 102 , a melting plate 104 , a wick holder 106 , a wick 108 , and a fuel element 110 .
- the support base 102 carries the melting plate 104 , which is generally saucer shaped, and includes a centrally disposed capillary pedestal 112 .
- Optional decorative etchings 114 are disposed on an upper exposed surface of the melting plate 104 to provide enhanced attractiveness or visual information.
- the wick holder 106 includes a base portion 116 that fits over the capillary pedestal 112 , a wick retainer sleeve in the shape of an elongate cylindrical barrel 118 , and heat conductive elements, such as fins 120 .
- the barrel 118 receives the wick 108 therein such that the wick extends from the base portion 116 with a portion of the wick exposed above the barrel.
- the fuel element 110 is disposed over and around the wick holder 106 and includes a duct or slot 122 through which the wick 108 extends.
- the slot 122 has a width w 1 sufficient to allow the wick 108 to extend through the slot and a length l 1 sufficient to accept at least a portion of the fins 120 therethrough.
- the fuel element 110 has a mass of wax approximately 15 grams, and the melting plate candle 100 burns continuously between about 3 and 31 ⁇ 2 hours on a single fuel element, such as the wax fuel element 110 , before the fuel is completely consumed.
- the base portion 116 of the wick holder 106 includes an end plate 124 encompassed by a generally conical base skirt 126 , and an upper portion including the barrel 118 extending upwardly from the base skirt and the fins 120 extending from the barrel and end plate 124 .
- the base portion 116 is adapted to fit closely over and around the capillary pedestal 112 such that the barrel 118 is maintained in an upright, or substantially vertical, orientation when placed on the capillary pedestal.
- the base skirt 126 includes indentations or spacers 128 , and holes 130 extend through the end plate 124 .
- Ferromagnetic structures such as steel rivets 132 or magnets (not shown), are secured to the base portion 116 , such as through the holes 130 , so that the wick holder 106 may be releasably secured over the capillary pedestal 130 by magnetic forces.
- the barrel 118 is sized to receive the wick 108 with either a close fit or interference fit so as to retain the wick therein and defines an opening 134 in the end plate 124 such that the wick can extend through the end plate.
- the fins 120 extend laterally outwardly on opposite sides of the barrel 118 and extend upwardly above the barrel. In one embodiment, the fins 120 are shaped to simulate a flame outline.
- the fins 120 may have square, circular, oval, triangular, or other non-geometric shapes, and in still other embodiments, the fins 120 may have insulated areas (not shown) as described more fully in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/939,039, filed Sep. 10, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
- the fins 120 are relatively thin strips of heat conductive material, such as metal, for transmitting heat from a flame burning on the wick 108 outwardly toward the fuel element 110 .
- the wick holder 106 is formed from a single sheet of aluminum that is cut and folded about a fold 136 and thereby forming a capillary space 138 between opposite sides 140 and 142 and channels or gaps 144 in the base skirt 126 .
- the wick holder 106 may be formed by other methods from other heat resistant materials, such as ceramic, other metals, heat resistant plastics, etc. If the wick holder 106 is formed of a ferromagnetic material, such as steel, the steel rivets 132 may optionally be omitted.
- the two sides 140 and 142 are secured together by any convenient means, such as with rivets 146 through holes 148 in the heat fins 120 , welds, clips, heat resistant adhesives, etc.
- the gaps 144 and the holes 130 allow melted fuel material from the fuel element 110 , to drip or seep underneath the base skirt 126 , and the capillary space 138 allows melted fuel material to traverse up the fins 120 by capillary action and thereby provide a source of fuel material in non-consumable wick areas 150 .
- An example of such capillary action is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/938,453, filed Sep. 10, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
- the fuel element 110 includes a body 152 of fuel material and has an upper surface 154 and a lower surface 156 .
- the fuel element 110 in one embodiment is a wax puck and in other embodiments may have other shapes and include other meltable or flowable fuel materials, such as paraffin or animal fat, having a solid or semi-solid state or otherwise maintainable in a fixed form at room temperature.
- the lower surface 156 of the fuel element 110 defines a cavity 158 having an upper cavity wall 160 shaped to conform closely to the base portion 116 of the wick holder 106 .
- the slot 122 extends from the upper surface 154 to the cavity wall 160 and has a width w 1 at the upper surface that is smaller than a width w 2 at the cavity wall.
- the width w 1 is adapted to prevent melted wax from the fuel element 110 from falling or trickling down the slot 122 without engaging the wick 108 , or put another way, the width w 1 is narrow enough to ensure that melted fuel material from near the upper portion of the slot 122 will engage the wick 108 as it falls or trickles down the slot.
- w 1 is not more than approximately 0.02′′ (0.5 mm) larger than a diameter of the wick at an upper end of the slot 122 .
- w 1 is approximately the same as a diameter of the wick 108 .
- the width w 1 is less than a width of the wick 108 so that an interference fit exists between the wick and the body 152 at the upper end of the slot 122 .
- the width w 1 is less than or equal to approximately 0.12′′ (3 mm), and the wick 108 has a diameter of approximately 0.1′′ (2.5 mm).
- the slot 122 may have a width that is initially more than 0.02′′ (0.5 mm) larger than a diameter of the wick 108 to allow for easy insertion of the wick 108 and wick holder 106 into the slot 122 , and the slot is filled subsequently with additional fuel material in a second manufacturing step so that the width w 1 is less than 0.02′′ (0.5 mm) larger than the diameter of the wick.
- the support base 102 carries the melting plate 104 within an upper chamber 162 , which is generally bowl-shaped.
- the melting plate 104 in one embodiment is secured to a sidewall 164 of the upper chamber 162 with adhesive 166 thereby providing an empty air space 168 between the melting plate and an intermediate wall 170 of the support base 102 .
- the air space 168 provides additional insulation between the melting plate and the support base 102 to reduce heat loss through the melting plate to the support base.
- the melting plate 104 is adjacent to the intermediate wall 170 with adhesive 166 placed therebetween such that no air space 168 is disposed between melting plate and the intermediate wall.
- other arrangements and support configurations for the melting plate 104 are also suitable for supporting the melting plate 104 .
- the slot 122 has a length l 1 in the upper surface 154 that is longer than a length l 2 in the lower surface 156 .
- the length l 1 is shorter than a largest width w f of the fins 120 and the length l 2 is longer than the largest width w f of the heat fins.
- Such a configuration of the slot lengths l 1 and length l 2 in relation to w f in addition to the slot widths w 1 and w 2 as described herein above, facilitates inserting the wick holder 106 fully into the slot from the lower surface 156 .
- Such configuration of the slot 122 and cavity 158 also prevents the slot from fully receiving the wick holder if the fins 120 are inserted into the slot through the upper surface 154 rather than through the lower surface 156 , thereby preventing or discouraging improper assembly of the fuel element 110 and the wick holder 106 .
- the capillary pedestal 112 includes an inclined sidewall 172 having an annular groove 174 extending therearound in a medial position between a floor 176 of the melting plate 104 and a top wall 178 of the capillary pedestal.
- a magnet 180 is secured to an underside of the top wall 166 with adhesive 182 .
- the magnet 180 may be disposed on an upper side of the top wall 178 or at another location sufficient to attract the wick holder 106 .
- the spacers 128 are adapted to seat in the annular groove 174 to provide a capillary space 184 between the base skirt 126 and the inclined sidewall 172 sized to facilitate capillary movement of melted or liquid fuel material toward the wick 108 .
- the spacers 128 also help retain the wick holder 106 on the capillary pedestal 112 by seating in the annular groove 174 .
- the steel rivet 132 in the wick holder 106 is attracted to the magnet 186 when placed over the capillary pedestal 112 and thereby prevents the wick holder from accidentally falling or slipping off of the capillary pedestal.
- the steel rivets 132 When placed on an underside of the end plate 124 , the steel rivets 132 also act as spacers to help maintain the capillary space 184 .
- magnets 186 may be secured to the end plate 124 by any convenient means, such as with an adhesive or by a rivet, in order to maintain the wick clip 106 in position on the capillary pedestal 112 .
- the cavity wall 160 of the fuel element 110 is shaped to closely fit around the base skirt 126 and barrel 118 of the wick holder 106 and rest on the floor 176 of the melting plate in order to minimize open space 188 between the fuel element and the wick 108 , the wick holder 106 , and the melting plate floor 176 .
- Minimizing the open space 188 increases the likelihood of having melted fuel material being fed directly to the wick 108 rather than falling downwardly to the floor 176 or accumulating in the open space and thereby potentially starving the wick of fuel material while burning.
- the liquid fuel material is drawn upwardly along the capillary space 184 by capillary action toward the non-consumable wick areas 150 while the candle is burning.
- the wick 108 in one embodiment extends through the open end 134 of the barrel 118 to touch or nearly touch the top wall 178 of the capillary pedestal 112 so that liquid fuel material drawn up the capillary space 184 will engage the wick 108 and be drawn upwardly therein for eventual burning by a flame burning atop the wick.
- the wick barrel 118 has an inside diameter sufficient to receive the wick 108 .
- the inside diameter of the barrel 118 may be larger, smaller, or the same as the diameter of the wick and may be uniform or have different diameters along a length thereof. In one embodiment, the inside diameter of the barrel 118 is larger than the diameter of the wick 108 so that the wick may be easily inserted into the barrel.
- the inside diameter of the barrel 118 is uniformly approximately 0.012′′ (0.3 mm) larger than the diameter of the wick 108 . In yet other embodiments, the inside diameter of the barrel 118 is the same size as or smaller than the wick 108 .
- Melted fuel material can seep into the capillary space 184 through the weep holes 130 and thereby prime or facilitate capillary action upward through the capillary space 184 .
- Liquid fuel material may also be drawn upwardly in the capillary space 138 between opposing sides 140 , 142 of the fins 120 and drawn to the non-combustible wick areas 150 where the fuel material may be vaporized and ignited by a flame on the wick 108 .
- FIG. 6 another wick holder 200 and melting plate 202 are shown that are similar to the wick holder 106 and melting plate 104 shown in FIGS. 1-5 , except that a capillary pedestal 204 includes a smooth inclined sidewall 206 without the annular groove 174 , and the wick holder 200 does not include the spacers 128 in the base skirt 126 .
- a capillary space (not shown), similar to 184 , is maintained between the base skirt 126 and the sidewall 206 by steel rivets 132 protruding below an end wall, such as 124 , of a base portion 116 of the wick holder 200 .
- the wick holder 200 is maintained on the capillary pedestal 204 substantially by the attraction between the steel rivets 132 and magnet 180 (not shown in FIG. 6 ) in the capillary pedestal and any weight of the fuel element 110 .
- a wick holder 300 of another embodiment for use in a candle assembly, such as 100 is similar to the wick holder 106 (or 200 ) except that the wick holder 300 also includes a medial portion of the barrel 118 having a cross-sectional area that is less than a cross-sectional area of any other portion of the wick barrel.
- An indentation 302 in a sidewall 304 of the barrel 118 defines a constricted portion 306 of the barrel located or disposed intermediate opposite ends 308 and 310 of the barrel and having a cross-sectional area less than any other portion of the barrel.
- the wick 108 extends through the barrel 118 such that a portion or end of the wick adapted to absorb melted or fluid fuel material extends downwardly through the end 310 and another portion or end of the wick adapted for ignition extends upwardly through end 308 .
- the constricted portion 306 reduces an effective wick cross-sectional area, and thereby may reduce or restrict a capillary fluid flow capacity of the wick between the first open end and the second open end.
- the restricted flow capacity, and subsequently reduced volume flow rate, of fluid fuel material up the wick from end 310 toward a flame region above end 308 in turn may reduce the fuel material burn rate and extend the life of the fuel element 110 .
- the capillary fluid flow capacity of the wick may be substantially reduced by reducing the cross-sectional area of the constricted portion.
- Such a constriction on the flow rate of fuel material upwardly along the wick 108 past the constricted portion 306 is enhanced when the sidewall 304 is substantially liquid impervious (e.g., does not allow fuel material to pass therethrough to the wick 108 ) which thereby restricts the flow of fuel material into the wick to coming only through the end 310 located in the end plate 124 or above the end 308 of the barrel 118 .
- the indentation 302 may also help maintain the wick 108 in a predetermined position within the barrel 118 such that, for example, an end portion of the wick extends through or to the end 310 in order to prevent the wick from being pulled out of the barrel and thus potentially losing contact with the flow of fuel material toward the wick through the capillary space 184 and weep holes 130 .
- the barrel 118 may take the form of a sleeve having a cylindrical shape or a tubular shape having other cross-sectional areas and shapes.
- the constricted portion 306 in the barrel 118 is formed by an inner annular ridge (not shown), which may be formed by indenting or crimping the sidewall 304 entirely around the wick barrel 118 or by an inner annular shoulder disposed on an inner surface of the sidewall 304 .
- the constricted portion 306 in another embodiment may be formed by a single indentation 302 or by a plurality of indentations, which may be either in opposing relationship or offset from each other.
- the barrel 118 may have form of a wick casing that is not generally tubular, but rather includes a longitudinally curved sidewall that encases a portion of the wick 108 and has first and second openings in the sidewall through which the wick extends.
- the capillary space 184 defines a volume, or capillary well 350 , between the base portion 116 of the wick holder 300 and the capillary pedestal 204 that has a dimension preselected to promote a successful sustained relight of the wick 108 after a pool 352 (shown in dashed lines) of wax or other meltable fuel has been formed in melting plate 202 around the peripheral skirt 126 and capillary pedestal and then allowed to solidify.
- liquefied wax from the pool 352 is drawn into the capillary well 350 and up to the wick 108 by capillary action to feed a flame 354 at wick 108 . If the flame 354 is extinguished prior to consuming the entire fuel element 110 , the pool 352 of wax solidifies and extends across the bottom of the melting plate 202 , through the capillary well 350 , and into the wick 108 .
- the capillary space 184 when the wick 108 is re-lit after the pool 352 of wax has solidified, the capillary space 184 is dimensioned such that a supply of liquefied wax is quickly formed and available in the capillary well 350 to feed the flame 354 via the wick 108 until the wax surrounding the peripheral skirt 126 has melted sufficiently to provide a supply of liquefied fuel to replace the wax in the capillary well.
- the capillary space 184 is dimensioned too small, there may not be enough wax in the capillary well 350 to sustain the flame 354 on the wick 108 during a sustained relight before the wax pool 352 surrounding the peripheral skirt 126 has melted enough to provide additional liquefied fuel to the wick 108 .
- the capillary space 184 is too large, heat transfer through the solidified wax in the capillary well 350 may be too slow to melt enough of the wax therein to provide liquefied fuel to the wick 108 before wax in the wick is burned.
- the flame 354 may run out of fuel and extinguish prior to melting a sufficient amount of wax in the pool 352 to begin or sustain substantially continuous capillary movement of the melted wax from outside of the capillary space 184 , into the capillary well 350 , and up the wick 108 to feed the flame 354 .
- the capillary well 350 has a volume not less than a volume sufficient to provide melted fuel to the relit wick 108 until a sufficient amount of liquefied fuel is formed from the pool 352 of solidified wax adjacent to or surrounding the peripheral skirt 126 to continuously feed the flame 354 by capillary action through the capillary space 184 , and in another embodiment, the volume of the capillary well 350 is not more than a volume able to allow heat from the flame 354 to melt the solidified fuel disposed in the capillary space 184 sufficiently rapidly to feed the flame 354 after solidified fuel carried in the wick is burned.
- a successful relight can be achieved if the volume of the capillary well 350 is proportional to a thermal mass of an entire candle assembly, such as 100 , in order to provide a sufficient source of melted fuel to the wick until the pool 352 of solidified wax has melted sufficiently to provide an adequate flow of fuel to the wick 108 to maintain a sustained burn of the flame 354 .
- the thermal mass of the candle assembly 100 is a measure of the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of the entire melting plate candle by a measured amount and is equal to the sum of the products of the mass of each portion of the candle assembly multiplied by the specific heat of that portion.
- the volume of the capillary well 350 is between about 0.00006 cubic inches per calorie per degree centigrade (hereinafter, in 3 /cal/° C.) (1 mm 3 /cal/° C.) and about 0.0006 in 3 /cal/° C. (10 mm 3 /cal/° C.), or between about 0.0001 in 3 /cal/° C. (2 mm 3 /cal/° C.) and about 0.0004 in 3 /cal/° C. (6 mm 3 /cal/° C.), or between about 0.00018 in 3 /cal/° C. (3 mm 3 /cal/° C.) and about 0.00024 in 3 /cal/° C. (4 mm 3 /cal/° C.).
- the thermal mass of the candle assembly is between about 135 cal/° C. and 10 cal/° C., or between about 75 cal/° C. and 40 cal/° C., or between about 61 cal/° C. and about 50 cal/° C.
- the volume of the capillary well 350 is between about 0.006 in 3 (100 mm 3 ) and about 0.03 in 3 (500 mm 3 ), or between about 0.009 in 3 (150 mm 3 ) and 0.018 in 3 (300 mm 3 ), or about 0.012 in 3 (200 mm 3 ).
- the thermal mass of an embodiment of a candle assembly includes the support base 102 , the melting plate 202 , and the wick holder 300 having a combined thermal mass of about 50 cal/° C. and the fuel element 110 of approximately 0.53 oz. (15 g) of wax having a thermal mass of about 10.5 cal/° C. before being burned.
- the capillary pedestal 204 has a generally frustoconical shape with a height h 1 between about 0.39′′ (10 mm) and 0.04′′ (1 mm), or about 0.2′′ (5 mm), a bottom radius ⁇ 1 between about 1.18′′ (30 mm) and 0.39′′ (10 mm), or about 0.83′′ (21 mm), and a top radius ⁇ 2 between about 0.04′′ (1 mm) and 0.79′′ (20 mm), or about 0.43′′ (11 mm).
- the base 116 has a frustoconical shape generally complementary to the capillary pedestal with the peripheral skirt 126 having an upper diameter ⁇ 3 of between about 0.08′′ (2 mm) and about 0.83′′ (21 mm), or between about 0.43′′ (11 mm) and about 0.55′′ (14 mm), or about 0.51′′ (13 mm); a bottom diameter ⁇ 4 between about 1.22′′ (31 mm) and about 0.43′′ (11 mm), or about 0.79′′ (20 mm) and about 0.91′′ (23 mm), or about 0.87′′ (22 mm); a height h 2 between about 0.43′′ (11 mm) and 0.08′′ (2 mm), or between about 0.28′′ (7 mm) and about 0.16′′ (4 mm), or about 0.2′′ (5 mm); and a height h 3 of the rivets 132 from the end plate 124 of between about 0.004′′ (0.1 mm) and 0.04′′ (1 mm), or between about 0.03′′ (0.8 mm) and about 0.02′′ (0.5 mm),
- the capillary pedestal 204 has a height h 1 about 0.18′′ (4.7 mm), a bottom radius ⁇ 1 about 0.81′′ (20.5 mm), a top radius ⁇ 2 about 0.44′′ (11.1 mm), and the base 126 has a skirt 126 having an upper diameter ⁇ 3 about 0.5′′ (12.6 mm), a bottom diameter ⁇ 4 about 0.85′′ (21.6 mm), and a height h 2 about 0.2′′ (5.05 mm).
- the end plate 124 is a perpendicular distance of about 0.03′′ (0.65 mm) from a top wall 178 of the capillary pedestal, and the peripheral skirt 126 is perpendicular distance of about 0.02′′ (0.38 mm) from the sidewall 206 , which defines a capillary well 350 having a volume of approximately 0.012 in 3 (200 mm 3 ).
- a candleholder 400 for a melting plate candle assembly including a holder or base 402 and a generally concave melting plate 404 carried within a recessed portion 406 of the base.
- a solid fuel element and wick holder similar to those already described herein that rest on the melting plate are not shown for purposes of clarity.
- the melting plate 404 has high thermal conductivity and is similar to other melting plates described previously herein, including a capillary pedestal 408 protruding upwardly therefrom at a centrally disposed wick location.
- the base 402 includes a wall 410 extending around and angularly disposed outwardly at a zenith angle ⁇ from the melting plate 404 and having an uppermost or top edge 412 disposed above the melting plate.
- the base 402 and the melting plate 404 have a geometry that is adapted to increase or promote substantially laminar air flow (when surrounded by a calm atmospheric environment) over a pool of molten or liquefied fuel when a flame is disposed in close proximity above the pool during a burn, such as, for example, when a flame is present on a wick such as the wick 108 .
- Such laminar air flow controls the overall temperature of the pool by reducing eddy currents over the pool and/or reducing or minimizing localized hot spots in the pool, which slows volatilization of active volatile ingredients in the fuel, such as a fragrance or insecticide, and thereby extends an effective fragrancing period of the fuel until the fuel is completely burned.
- air may be drawn in substantially laminar flow over the top edge 412 of the wall 410 into the recessed portion 406 , over the melting plate 404 and a pool of liquefied fuel, such as melted wax, by a heat chimney, or upward air currents, caused by a flame on a wick (not shown) disposed over the capillary pedestal 408 .
- the air currents ascending up the heat chimney also distribute the volatilized active ingredient into the surrounding environment.
- the base 402 and the melting plate 404 have a geometry to increase or promote substantially laminar air flow described by the following equations: 20,000 mm 2 +( P min 2 ⁇ P max 2 ) ⁇ SA ⁇ 2,500 mm 2 +( P max 2 ⁇ P min 2 ); 1. Dp max ⁇ (SA/1,000 mm)+ ⁇ [( H min ⁇ P min)/2]sin ⁇ ; 2. P min ⁇ 6( Dp )(cos ⁇ ); and/or 3. H min ⁇ P min+2 [R +( Dp ⁇ R )tan ⁇ ]; 4 in which:
- Pmax is a maximum width across the melting plate 404 in mm
- Pmin is a minimum width across the melting plate 404 in mm
- SA is a projected surface area, or surface area of a two-dimensional projection of an outline, of the melting plate 404 in square millimeters;
- Hmin is a minimum width of the base 402 at the top edge 412 in mm;
- Dp is a depth of the melting plate 404 from the top edge 412 of the base 402 in mm;
- Dpmax is a maximum value for Dp in mm
- R is an outside radius of the upper edge of the base 402 in mm.
- ⁇ is the zenith angle of the wall 410 in degrees.
- Equation 1 quantifies an approximate relationship of the projected surface area of the melting plate and the width across the melting plate, within upper and lower constant boundaries, to promote the laminar air flow.
- Equation 2 quantifies an approximate relationship of the projected surface area of the melting plate 404 and the depth of the melting plate 404 from the top edge 412 of the base 402 to promote the laminar air flow.
- Equation 3 quantifies an approximate relationship of the minimum melting plate across the melting plate and the depth of the melting plate 404 from the top edge 412 of the base 402 and the zenith angle of the base wall 410 to promote the laminar air flow.
- Equation 4 quantifies an approximate minimum width of the base 402 at the top edge 412 as a function of the geometries of the melting plate 404 and the base to promote the laminar airflow.
- Equation 4 has been described in relation to a generally rectangular base and holder, the relationships may also be used with other candleholder shapes, such as oval and circular, in order to approach an optimized candleholder geometry.
- Hmin is approximately 3.94′′ (100 mm)
- Pmax and Pmin are both equal to approximately 3.15′′ (80 mm)
- Dp is approximately 0.4′′ (10 mm)
- R is approximately 0.08′′ (2 mm)
- ⁇ is approximately 45°.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 show a candleholder 500 , which is generally similar to the candleholder 400 except that the candleholder 500 includes an alignment mechanism for ensuring proper alignment of a melting plate 504 with a base portion 502 .
- the candleholder 500 includes the base portion 502 and the melting plate 504 for supporting a votive candle such as the combination of the fuel element 110 , wick holder 106 , and wick 108 .
- the base portion 502 is made of a non-flammable material with low heat transmissivity, such as glass or ceramic, and the melting plate is made of a non-flammable material with high heat transmissivity, such as aluminum or other metal, although other materials may also be used.
- the base portion includes a recess 506 in a top end thereof defined by four upstanding sidewalls 508 and a medial wall 510 spanning the sidewalls spaced below an upper rim 512 of the sidewalls.
- a bottom end of the base 502 is hollow under the medial wall 510 .
- the melting plate 504 is dish- or bowl-shaped that concaves upwardly with a bottom surface shaped generally complementary to the recess 506 so as to be received in the recess in an operative position.
- the melting plate 504 has a generally square footprint with a relatively flat bottom wall 514 surrounded by a raised or upwardly curved peripheral portion 516 adjacent an outer peripheral edge 518 and a capillary lobe 520 protruding upwardly from a central portion of the bottom wall 518 for receiving the votive candle (not shown) disposed centrally thereon in a similar manner as described previously herein.
- An alignment mechanism for ensuring proper alignment of the melting plate 504 within the recess 506 of the base 502 includes a shoulder, such as horizontal step 522 , that projects inwardly from an interior side 524 of the sidewalls and extends entirely around the recess 506 , and a complementary ledge, such as horizontal ledge 526 , that rests on the shoulder.
- the ledge 526 extends around the melting plate and is vertically disposed between the peripheral edge 518 and the bottom wall 514 of the melting plate 504 and rests on the horizontal step 522 with the peripheral edge pressed against the inner surface 524 of the sidewalls 508 around the entire recess 506 .
- the entire melting plate including the capillary lobe 520 and the peripheral edge 518 , is disposed below the upper rim 512 .
- the melting plate 504 is spaced above the medial wall 510 in the recess 506 with the raised peripheral edge portions 516 pressed against the inner surface 524 of the sidewalls 508 and the capillary lobe 520 projecting upwardly.
- the melting plate 504 is secured to the base 502 with a bead of adhesive, such as the adhesive 166 (not shown), disposed between the ledge 526 and the shoulder 522 .
- the adhesive may also provide a seal between the peripheral edge 518 of the melting plate 504 and the interior surface 524 of the sidewalls 508 to prevent melted wax or other liquids from seeping under the melting plate.
- Other substantially complementary alignment configurations may also or alternatively be used for alignment mechanisms within the scope of the present invention.
- the base shoulder may only include one or more discrete spaced apart step portions, and the melting plate ledge may be continuous or match the discrete ledge portions to provide only one possible correct mating fit between the melting plate and the base.
- the alignment feature helps ensure that the melting plate 504 is located in a predetermined relation to the base 502 so that the bottom wall 514 of the melting plate is substantially level and spaced above the medial wall 510 to ensure that melted wax pools around the capillary lobe when the candleholder 450 is placed on a level support surface and minimize heat loss from the melted wax into the base.
- the alignment feature may be readily modified to cause a melting plate to rest within the recess in other alignment configurations, such as with the bottom wall 514 contacting the medial wall 510 and/or with the bottom wall 514 disposed at a non-level angle.
- the alignment feature may include one or more raised protrusions disposed anywhere within the recess 506 that engage complementary ledges or cavities in the melting plate 504 so as to provide a predetermined alignment between the base 502 and the melting plate.
- the protrusions may be integral with the base 502 , or the protrusions may be formed by a separate object, such as a wire or button (not shown), placed in the cavity.
- Another alignment mechanism (not shown) within the scope of the present invention may include only one of the ledge and the shoulder without an opposing complementary shoulder or ledge, respectively, wherein the ledge or shoulder urges the melting plate into a predetermined alignment or orientation to the base.
- a retainer feature for a magnet 528 such as a circular ring 530 projecting upwardly from a central area of the medial wall 510 , is disposed below a cavity 532 in the bottom surface of the melting plate 504 underneath the capillary lobe 520 .
- the ring 530 extends upwardly into the cavity 532 without engaging the bottom surface of the melting plate.
- the ring 530 acts as a retainer for the magnet 528 , which is glued to the melting plate 504 inside the cavity 532 , in case the magnet should become unglued from the melting plate.
- the ring 530 does not engage, or is spaced from, the bottom surface of the melting plate in order to minimize loss of heat from the melted wax to the base.
- the retainer is not limited to the specific circular ring form shown in the drawings, but may take other shapes that would help retain the magnet 528 in a predetermined position underneath the capillary lobe 520 .
- the retainer may be a plurality of spaced projections that partially surround the magnet 528 , and the magnet may be shaped so as to interfit with the spaced projections in a predetermined orientation.
- the retainer may engage the bottom surface of the cavity 532 to help align the melting plate 504 within the recess 506 in addition to the shoulder 522 and ledge 526 .
- the alignment feature and retainer feature may be readily adapted to work with any other combination of base and melting plate disclosed herein, such as the base 102 and circular melting plate 104 , and are not limited to the particular base and melting plate of this embodiment.
- the candleholder of the present invention may be used to support a votive-type candle, such as the fuel element described herein, to provide rapid melting of the candle wax fuel charge and rapid dispersion of any volatile active contained in the fuel charge.
- the alignment feature is useful for providing positive placement of a non-circular melting plate in a pre-determined location within a complementary recess, such as the generally square melting plate and recess shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 .
- the retainer feature in one embodiment may help maintain a magnet in a predetermined location under the capillary lobe.
Abstract
A candleholder for a fuel element, such as a votive candle, includes a melting plate carried by a base portion. The melting plate is generally dish-shaped and disposed within a generally complementarily shaped recess in a top end of the base portion. An alignment mechanism including an inner peripheral step protruding into the recess and a complementary ledge in a bottom surface of the melting plate helps ensure that the melting plate is disposed at a predetermined position in the recess. The ledge rests on the peripheral step with an adhesive disposed therebetween when the melting plate is in the predetermined position. A ring protrusion from the base portion is disposed under a cavity defined under a capillary lobe in the melting plate. The ring protrusion helps retain a magnet in a predetermined location in the cavity and may also serve as part of the alignment mechanism. The magnet may be used to help retain a ferro-magnetic wick holder of the votive candle on the capillary lobe.
Description
- This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 11/123,809, 11/123,461, 11/124,313, and 11/123,372, each of which was filed May 6, 2005, and each of which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/978,744, filed Nov. 1, 2004, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/938,434, filed Sep. 10, 2004. This application is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/185,174, filed Jul. 20, 2005, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/182,689, filed Jul. 15, 2005. Further, this application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 11/197,839, filed Aug. 5, 2005, Ser. No. 11/140,683, filed May 31, 2005, and Ser. No. 10/938,453, filed Sep. 10, 2004.
- Not applicable
- Not applicable
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to candleholders.
- 2. Description of the Background of the Invention
- Many different assemblies for holding a candle are known. In one candle assembly, a wicked candle is disposed inside a cylindrical container having a recessed stepped ring encircling an open top end thereof. A circular shade body fits within the open top end and has an outer peripheral flange that rests on the recessed stepped ring.
- Another candleholder includes a standard for receiving a candlestick, which extends from a base of the candleholder. The standard has a socket with an out-turned flange at an upper end thereof for receiving the candlestick therein. A funneled split tube is disposed in the socket. The split tube has an out-turned peripheral flange that rests on the out-turned flange of the socket. A cap spans the out-turned flange of the socket and rests on a peripheral edge thereof spaced above the split tube.
- An electric candle is known that has a hollow cylindrical body portion extending up from a mounting base. A votive candle is carried within an open upper end of the body portion by a bracket having a plurality of arms extending radially outwardly from a central frustoconical rim. The votive is carried inside the rim, and the peripheral edges of the arms rest on a recessed inner annular rim at the open upper end of the body portion.
- A candle having a constant elevation flame includes a wax body contained within a tubular outer casing. A spring urges the wax body upwardly toward a wick carried over an open end of the outer casing by a thermally-insulated cover. The wick extends through a central aperture in the cover and is retained at a constant elevational position by a wire. An outturned peripheral lip of the cover rests in a peripheral recess in the tubular casing.
- According to one aspect of the invention, a candleholder for carrying a fuel element thereon includes a base portion having a sidewall defining a recess at a top end of the base portion and a shoulder spaced from the top end projecting from the wall within the recess. A melting plate adapted to retain the fuel element is disposed within the recess. The melting plate has a peripheral edge and a ledge spaced from the peripheral edge defined in a bottom surface of the plate. The ledge engages the shoulder.
- According to another aspect of the invention, a candleholder includes a base portion and a melting plate. The base portion includes a recess in an upper end thereof. The recess is defined by a peripheral inner wall surface and a bottom wall surface. A shoulder protrudes from the peripheral inner wall surface, and a ring protrudes from the bottom wall surface. The melting plate includes a bottom central wall portion surrounded by an upturned peripheral wall portion, a ledge defined in a bottom surface of the upturned peripheral wall portion, and a cavity defined in the bottom surface of the central wall portion. The ledge is spaced from a peripheral edge of the melting plate. The melting plate is disposed in the recess with the ledge disposed on the shoulder and the ring disposed inside the cavity.
- In yet another aspect of the present invention, a candleholder includes a base portion having a recess for supporting a concave melting plate therein and an alignment mechanism to align the melting plate in the recess in a pre-selected spaced relationship to a portion of the base portion.
- Other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon consideration of the figures and the following detailed description.
-
FIG. 1 is an exploded isometric view of a candle assembly according to one aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is an enlarged isometric view of a wick holder shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel element along the line 3-3 ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view generally transverse to line 3-3 ofFIG. 1 with the candle assembly in assembled form; -
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view along the line 5-5 ofFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 6 is an enlarged isometric view of a wick holder and a portion of a melting plate according to yet another aspect of the invention; -
FIG. 7 is an isometric view of still another wick holder according to the present invention; -
FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the wick holder shown inFIG. 7 in a similar view as shown inFIG. 5 ; -
FIG. 9 is an isometric view of a candleholder according to another aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 10 is an exploded isometric view of a candleholder according to a further aspect of the present invention; and -
FIG. 11 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the candleholder ofFIG. 10 along a vertical plane at a centerline thereof. - Referring now to
FIGS. 1-5 , acandle assembly 100 includes asupport base 102, amelting plate 104, awick holder 106, awick 108, and afuel element 110. Thesupport base 102 carries themelting plate 104, which is generally saucer shaped, and includes a centrally disposedcapillary pedestal 112. Optionaldecorative etchings 114 are disposed on an upper exposed surface of themelting plate 104 to provide enhanced attractiveness or visual information. Thewick holder 106 includes abase portion 116 that fits over thecapillary pedestal 112, a wick retainer sleeve in the shape of an elongatecylindrical barrel 118, and heat conductive elements, such asfins 120. Thebarrel 118 receives thewick 108 therein such that the wick extends from thebase portion 116 with a portion of the wick exposed above the barrel. Thefuel element 110 is disposed over and around thewick holder 106 and includes a duct or slot 122 through which thewick 108 extends. Theslot 122 has a width w1 sufficient to allow thewick 108 to extend through the slot and a length l1 sufficient to accept at least a portion of thefins 120 therethrough. In one embodiment, thefuel element 110 has a mass of wax approximately 15 grams, and themelting plate candle 100 burns continuously between about 3 and 3½ hours on a single fuel element, such as thewax fuel element 110, before the fuel is completely consumed. - As seen in
FIG. 2 , thebase portion 116 of thewick holder 106 includes anend plate 124 encompassed by a generallyconical base skirt 126, and an upper portion including thebarrel 118 extending upwardly from the base skirt and thefins 120 extending from the barrel andend plate 124. Thebase portion 116 is adapted to fit closely over and around thecapillary pedestal 112 such that thebarrel 118 is maintained in an upright, or substantially vertical, orientation when placed on the capillary pedestal. Thebase skirt 126 includes indentations orspacers 128, and holes 130 extend through theend plate 124. Ferromagnetic structures, such as steel rivets 132 or magnets (not shown), are secured to thebase portion 116, such as through theholes 130, so that thewick holder 106 may be releasably secured over thecapillary pedestal 130 by magnetic forces. Thebarrel 118 is sized to receive thewick 108 with either a close fit or interference fit so as to retain the wick therein and defines anopening 134 in theend plate 124 such that the wick can extend through the end plate. Thefins 120 extend laterally outwardly on opposite sides of thebarrel 118 and extend upwardly above the barrel. In one embodiment, thefins 120 are shaped to simulate a flame outline. In other embodiments, thefins 120 may have square, circular, oval, triangular, or other non-geometric shapes, and in still other embodiments, thefins 120 may have insulated areas (not shown) as described more fully in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/939,039, filed Sep. 10, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Thefins 120 are relatively thin strips of heat conductive material, such as metal, for transmitting heat from a flame burning on thewick 108 outwardly toward thefuel element 110. In one embodiment, thewick holder 106 is formed from a single sheet of aluminum that is cut and folded about afold 136 and thereby forming acapillary space 138 betweenopposite sides gaps 144 in thebase skirt 126. In other embodiments, thewick holder 106 may be formed by other methods from other heat resistant materials, such as ceramic, other metals, heat resistant plastics, etc. If thewick holder 106 is formed of a ferromagnetic material, such as steel, the steel rivets 132 may optionally be omitted. The twosides rivets 146 throughholes 148 in theheat fins 120, welds, clips, heat resistant adhesives, etc. Thegaps 144 and theholes 130 allow melted fuel material from thefuel element 110, to drip or seep underneath thebase skirt 126, and thecapillary space 138 allows melted fuel material to traverse up thefins 120 by capillary action and thereby provide a source of fuel material innon-consumable wick areas 150. An example of such capillary action is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/938,453, filed Sep. 10, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. - As seen in detail in
FIG. 3 , thefuel element 110 includes abody 152 of fuel material and has anupper surface 154 and alower surface 156. Thefuel element 110 in one embodiment is a wax puck and in other embodiments may have other shapes and include other meltable or flowable fuel materials, such as paraffin or animal fat, having a solid or semi-solid state or otherwise maintainable in a fixed form at room temperature. Thelower surface 156 of thefuel element 110 defines acavity 158 having anupper cavity wall 160 shaped to conform closely to thebase portion 116 of thewick holder 106. Theslot 122 extends from theupper surface 154 to thecavity wall 160 and has a width w1 at the upper surface that is smaller than a width w2 at the cavity wall. The width w1 is adapted to prevent melted wax from thefuel element 110 from falling or trickling down theslot 122 without engaging thewick 108, or put another way, the width w1 is narrow enough to ensure that melted fuel material from near the upper portion of theslot 122 will engage thewick 108 as it falls or trickles down the slot. In one embodiment, w1 is not more than approximately 0.02″ (0.5 mm) larger than a diameter of the wick at an upper end of theslot 122. In another embodiment, w1 is approximately the same as a diameter of thewick 108. In yet another embodiment, the width w1 is less than a width of thewick 108 so that an interference fit exists between the wick and thebody 152 at the upper end of theslot 122. In a further embodiment, the width w1 is less than or equal to approximately 0.12″ (3 mm), and thewick 108 has a diameter of approximately 0.1″ (2.5 mm). In yet a further embodiment (not shown), theslot 122 may have a width that is initially more than 0.02″ (0.5 mm) larger than a diameter of thewick 108 to allow for easy insertion of thewick 108 andwick holder 106 into theslot 122, and the slot is filled subsequently with additional fuel material in a second manufacturing step so that the width w1 is less than 0.02″ (0.5 mm) larger than the diameter of the wick. - As shown in
FIG. 4 , thesupport base 102 carries themelting plate 104 within anupper chamber 162, which is generally bowl-shaped. Themelting plate 104 in one embodiment is secured to asidewall 164 of theupper chamber 162 with adhesive 166 thereby providing anempty air space 168 between the melting plate and anintermediate wall 170 of thesupport base 102. Theair space 168 provides additional insulation between the melting plate and thesupport base 102 to reduce heat loss through the melting plate to the support base. In another embodiment (not shown) themelting plate 104 is adjacent to theintermediate wall 170 with adhesive 166 placed therebetween such that noair space 168 is disposed between melting plate and the intermediate wall. Of course, other arrangements and support configurations for themelting plate 104 are also suitable for supporting themelting plate 104. - In one embodiment of the
fuel element 110, theslot 122 has a length l1 in theupper surface 154 that is longer than a length l2 in thelower surface 156. The length l1 is shorter than a largest width wf of thefins 120 and the length l2 is longer than the largest width wf of the heat fins. Such a configuration of the slot lengths l1 and length l2 in relation to wf, in addition to the slot widths w1 and w2 as described herein above, facilitates inserting thewick holder 106 fully into the slot from thelower surface 156. Such configuration of theslot 122 andcavity 158 also prevents the slot from fully receiving the wick holder if thefins 120 are inserted into the slot through theupper surface 154 rather than through thelower surface 156, thereby preventing or discouraging improper assembly of thefuel element 110 and thewick holder 106. - As illustrated in
FIG. 5 , a portion of themelting plate 104,capillary pedestal 112,wick holder 106,fuel element 110, andwick 108 are shown assembled and ready for use or initial ignition by a user. In one embodiment, thecapillary pedestal 112 includes aninclined sidewall 172 having anannular groove 174 extending therearound in a medial position between afloor 176 of themelting plate 104 and atop wall 178 of the capillary pedestal. Amagnet 180 is secured to an underside of thetop wall 166 with adhesive 182. In another embodiment, themagnet 180 may be disposed on an upper side of thetop wall 178 or at another location sufficient to attract thewick holder 106. Thespacers 128 are adapted to seat in theannular groove 174 to provide acapillary space 184 between thebase skirt 126 and theinclined sidewall 172 sized to facilitate capillary movement of melted or liquid fuel material toward thewick 108. Thespacers 128 also help retain thewick holder 106 on thecapillary pedestal 112 by seating in theannular groove 174. In addition, thesteel rivet 132 in thewick holder 106 is attracted to themagnet 186 when placed over thecapillary pedestal 112 and thereby prevents the wick holder from accidentally falling or slipping off of the capillary pedestal. When placed on an underside of theend plate 124, the steel rivets 132 also act as spacers to help maintain thecapillary space 184. In another embodiment,magnets 186 may be secured to theend plate 124 by any convenient means, such as with an adhesive or by a rivet, in order to maintain thewick clip 106 in position on thecapillary pedestal 112. Thecavity wall 160 of thefuel element 110 is shaped to closely fit around thebase skirt 126 andbarrel 118 of thewick holder 106 and rest on thefloor 176 of the melting plate in order to minimizeopen space 188 between the fuel element and thewick 108, thewick holder 106, and themelting plate floor 176. Minimizing theopen space 188 increases the likelihood of having melted fuel material being fed directly to thewick 108 rather than falling downwardly to thefloor 176 or accumulating in the open space and thereby potentially starving the wick of fuel material while burning. However, as melted liquid fuel material accumulates about the base of the capillary pedestal, whether due to melting from themelting plate 104 or from direct melting by a flame on thewick 108, the liquid fuel material is drawn upwardly along thecapillary space 184 by capillary action toward thenon-consumable wick areas 150 while the candle is burning. Thewick 108 in one embodiment extends through theopen end 134 of thebarrel 118 to touch or nearly touch thetop wall 178 of thecapillary pedestal 112 so that liquid fuel material drawn up thecapillary space 184 will engage thewick 108 and be drawn upwardly therein for eventual burning by a flame burning atop the wick. Thewick barrel 118 has an inside diameter sufficient to receive thewick 108. The inside diameter of thebarrel 118 may be larger, smaller, or the same as the diameter of the wick and may be uniform or have different diameters along a length thereof. In one embodiment, the inside diameter of thebarrel 118 is larger than the diameter of thewick 108 so that the wick may be easily inserted into the barrel. In another embodiment, the inside diameter of thebarrel 118 is uniformly approximately 0.012″ (0.3 mm) larger than the diameter of thewick 108. In yet other embodiments, the inside diameter of thebarrel 118 is the same size as or smaller than thewick 108. Melted fuel material can seep into thecapillary space 184 through the weepholes 130 and thereby prime or facilitate capillary action upward through thecapillary space 184. Liquid fuel material may also be drawn upwardly in thecapillary space 138 between opposingsides fins 120 and drawn to thenon-combustible wick areas 150 where the fuel material may be vaporized and ignited by a flame on thewick 108. - Turning now to
FIG. 6 , anotherwick holder 200 andmelting plate 202 are shown that are similar to thewick holder 106 andmelting plate 104 shown inFIGS. 1-5 , except that acapillary pedestal 204 includes a smoothinclined sidewall 206 without theannular groove 174, and thewick holder 200 does not include thespacers 128 in thebase skirt 126. A capillary space (not shown), similar to 184, is maintained between thebase skirt 126 and thesidewall 206 bysteel rivets 132 protruding below an end wall, such as 124, of abase portion 116 of thewick holder 200. In this embodiment, thewick holder 200 is maintained on thecapillary pedestal 204 substantially by the attraction between the steel rivets 132 and magnet 180 (not shown inFIG. 6 ) in the capillary pedestal and any weight of thefuel element 110. - Turning to
FIGS. 7 and 8 , awick holder 300 of another embodiment for use in a candle assembly, such as 100, is similar to the wick holder 106 (or 200) except that thewick holder 300 also includes a medial portion of thebarrel 118 having a cross-sectional area that is less than a cross-sectional area of any other portion of the wick barrel. Anindentation 302 in asidewall 304 of thebarrel 118 defines aconstricted portion 306 of the barrel located or disposed intermediate opposite ends 308 and 310 of the barrel and having a cross-sectional area less than any other portion of the barrel. Thewick 108 extends through thebarrel 118 such that a portion or end of the wick adapted to absorb melted or fluid fuel material extends downwardly through theend 310 and another portion or end of the wick adapted for ignition extends upwardly throughend 308. Theconstricted portion 306 reduces an effective wick cross-sectional area, and thereby may reduce or restrict a capillary fluid flow capacity of the wick between the first open end and the second open end. The restricted flow capacity, and subsequently reduced volume flow rate, of fluid fuel material up the wick fromend 310 toward a flame region aboveend 308, in turn may reduce the fuel material burn rate and extend the life of thefuel element 110. Because theconstricted portion 306 having a larger cross-sectional area allows a faster volume flow rate, or increased capillary fluid flow capacity, than a constricted portion having a smaller cross-sectional area, the capillary fluid flow capacity of the wick may be substantially reduced by reducing the cross-sectional area of the constricted portion. Such a constriction on the flow rate of fuel material upwardly along thewick 108 past theconstricted portion 306 is enhanced when thesidewall 304 is substantially liquid impervious (e.g., does not allow fuel material to pass therethrough to the wick 108) which thereby restricts the flow of fuel material into the wick to coming only through theend 310 located in theend plate 124 or above theend 308 of thebarrel 118. Theindentation 302 may also help maintain thewick 108 in a predetermined position within thebarrel 118 such that, for example, an end portion of the wick extends through or to theend 310 in order to prevent the wick from being pulled out of the barrel and thus potentially losing contact with the flow of fuel material toward the wick through thecapillary space 184 and weepholes 130. - Other variations and embodiments of the candle assembly and
wick holder 300 described in detail herein are also specifically contemplated. For example, in one embodiment, thebarrel 118 may take the form of a sleeve having a cylindrical shape or a tubular shape having other cross-sectional areas and shapes. In another embodiment, theconstricted portion 306 in thebarrel 118 is formed by an inner annular ridge (not shown), which may be formed by indenting or crimping thesidewall 304 entirely around thewick barrel 118 or by an inner annular shoulder disposed on an inner surface of thesidewall 304. Theconstricted portion 306 in another embodiment may be formed by asingle indentation 302 or by a plurality of indentations, which may be either in opposing relationship or offset from each other. In another embodiment (not shown) thebarrel 118 may have form of a wick casing that is not generally tubular, but rather includes a longitudinally curved sidewall that encases a portion of thewick 108 and has first and second openings in the sidewall through which the wick extends. - In another aspect of the present invention, which is shown in
FIG. 8 but which is also applicable to any combination of any of the capillary pedestals and any of the capillary pedestals described herein, thecapillary space 184 defines a volume, or capillary well 350, between thebase portion 116 of thewick holder 300 and thecapillary pedestal 204 that has a dimension preselected to promote a successful sustained relight of thewick 108 after a pool 352 (shown in dashed lines) of wax or other meltable fuel has been formed inmelting plate 202 around theperipheral skirt 126 and capillary pedestal and then allowed to solidify. During a sustained burn, liquefied wax from thepool 352 is drawn into the capillary well 350 and up to thewick 108 by capillary action to feed aflame 354 atwick 108. If theflame 354 is extinguished prior to consuming theentire fuel element 110, thepool 352 of wax solidifies and extends across the bottom of themelting plate 202, through thecapillary well 350, and into thewick 108. In one embodiment, when thewick 108 is re-lit after thepool 352 of wax has solidified, thecapillary space 184 is dimensioned such that a supply of liquefied wax is quickly formed and available in the capillary well 350 to feed theflame 354 via thewick 108 until the wax surrounding theperipheral skirt 126 has melted sufficiently to provide a supply of liquefied fuel to replace the wax in the capillary well. For example, if thecapillary space 184 is dimensioned too small, there may not be enough wax in the capillary well 350 to sustain theflame 354 on thewick 108 during a sustained relight before thewax pool 352 surrounding theperipheral skirt 126 has melted enough to provide additional liquefied fuel to thewick 108. Also for example, if thecapillary space 184 is too large, heat transfer through the solidified wax in the capillary well 350 may be too slow to melt enough of the wax therein to provide liquefied fuel to thewick 108 before wax in the wick is burned. Under either circumstance, theflame 354 may run out of fuel and extinguish prior to melting a sufficient amount of wax in thepool 352 to begin or sustain substantially continuous capillary movement of the melted wax from outside of thecapillary space 184, into the capillary well 350, and up thewick 108 to feed theflame 354. Therefore, to assist in a successful sustained relight of thewick 108 in one embodiment, thecapillary well 350 has a volume not less than a volume sufficient to provide melted fuel to the relitwick 108 until a sufficient amount of liquefied fuel is formed from thepool 352 of solidified wax adjacent to or surrounding theperipheral skirt 126 to continuously feed theflame 354 by capillary action through thecapillary space 184, and in another embodiment, the volume of thecapillary well 350 is not more than a volume able to allow heat from theflame 354 to melt the solidified fuel disposed in thecapillary space 184 sufficiently rapidly to feed theflame 354 after solidified fuel carried in the wick is burned. In a further embodiment, a successful relight can be achieved if the volume of thecapillary well 350 is proportional to a thermal mass of an entire candle assembly, such as 100, in order to provide a sufficient source of melted fuel to the wick until thepool 352 of solidified wax has melted sufficiently to provide an adequate flow of fuel to thewick 108 to maintain a sustained burn of theflame 354. The thermal mass of thecandle assembly 100 is a measure of the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of the entire melting plate candle by a measured amount and is equal to the sum of the products of the mass of each portion of the candle assembly multiplied by the specific heat of that portion. According to one aspect, the volume of thecapillary well 350 is between about 0.00006 cubic inches per calorie per degree centigrade (hereinafter, in3/cal/° C.) (1 mm3/cal/° C.) and about 0.0006 in3/cal/° C. (10 mm3/cal/° C.), or between about 0.0001 in3/cal/° C. (2 mm3/cal/° C.) and about 0.0004 in3/cal/° C. (6 mm3/cal/° C.), or between about 0.00018 in3/cal/° C. (3 mm3/cal/° C.) and about 0.00024 in3/cal/° C. (4 mm3/cal/° C.). Accordingly, in one embodiment, the thermal mass of the candle assembly is between about 135 cal/° C. and 10 cal/° C., or between about 75 cal/° C. and 40 cal/° C., or between about 61 cal/° C. and about 50 cal/° C., and the volume of thecapillary well 350 is between about 0.006 in3 (100 mm3) and about 0.03 in3 (500 mm3), or between about 0.009 in3 (150 mm3) and 0.018 in3 (300 mm3), or about 0.012 in3 (200 mm3). - For example, the thermal mass of an embodiment of a candle assembly, such as 100, includes the
support base 102, themelting plate 202, and thewick holder 300 having a combined thermal mass of about 50 cal/° C. and thefuel element 110 of approximately 0.53 oz. (15 g) of wax having a thermal mass of about 10.5 cal/° C. before being burned. Thecapillary pedestal 204 has a generally frustoconical shape with a height h1 between about 0.39″ (10 mm) and 0.04″ (1 mm), or about 0.2″ (5 mm), a bottom radius Φ1 between about 1.18″ (30 mm) and 0.39″ (10 mm), or about 0.83″ (21 mm), and a top radius Φ2 between about 0.04″ (1 mm) and 0.79″ (20 mm), or about 0.43″ (11 mm). Thebase 116 has a frustoconical shape generally complementary to the capillary pedestal with theperipheral skirt 126 having an upper diameter Φ3 of between about 0.08″ (2 mm) and about 0.83″ (21 mm), or between about 0.43″ (11 mm) and about 0.55″ (14 mm), or about 0.51″ (13 mm); a bottom diameter Φ4 between about 1.22″ (31 mm) and about 0.43″ (11 mm), or about 0.79″ (20 mm) and about 0.91″ (23 mm), or about 0.87″ (22 mm); a height h2 between about 0.43″ (11 mm) and 0.08″ (2 mm), or between about 0.28″ (7 mm) and about 0.16″ (4 mm), or about 0.2″ (5 mm); and a height h3 of therivets 132 from theend plate 124 of between about 0.004″ (0.1 mm) and 0.04″ (1 mm), or between about 0.03″ (0.8 mm) and about 0.02″ (0.5 mm), or about 0.02″ (0.6 mm). In another embodiment, thecapillary pedestal 204 has a height h1 about 0.18″ (4.7 mm), a bottom radius Φ1 about 0.81″ (20.5 mm), a top radius Φ2 about 0.44″ (11.1 mm), and thebase 126 has askirt 126 having an upper diameter Φ3 about 0.5″ (12.6 mm), a bottom diameter Φ4 about 0.85″ (21.6 mm), and a height h2 about 0.2″ (5.05 mm). When thebase 116 is placed on top of thecapillary pedestal 204, theend plate 124 is a perpendicular distance of about 0.03″ (0.65 mm) from atop wall 178 of the capillary pedestal, and theperipheral skirt 126 is perpendicular distance of about 0.02″ (0.38 mm) from thesidewall 206, which defines a capillary well 350 having a volume of approximately 0.012 in3 (200 mm3). - Turning now to
FIG. 9 , acandleholder 400 for a melting plate candle assembly according to another aspect of the invention is shown including a holder orbase 402 and a generallyconcave melting plate 404 carried within a recessedportion 406 of the base. A solid fuel element and wick holder similar to those already described herein that rest on the melting plate are not shown for purposes of clarity. Themelting plate 404 has high thermal conductivity and is similar to other melting plates described previously herein, including acapillary pedestal 408 protruding upwardly therefrom at a centrally disposed wick location. Thebase 402 includes awall 410 extending around and angularly disposed outwardly at a zenith angle θ from themelting plate 404 and having an uppermost ortop edge 412 disposed above the melting plate. In one aspect, thebase 402 and themelting plate 404 have a geometry that is adapted to increase or promote substantially laminar air flow (when surrounded by a calm atmospheric environment) over a pool of molten or liquefied fuel when a flame is disposed in close proximity above the pool during a burn, such as, for example, when a flame is present on a wick such as thewick 108. Such laminar air flow controls the overall temperature of the pool by reducing eddy currents over the pool and/or reducing or minimizing localized hot spots in the pool, which slows volatilization of active volatile ingredients in the fuel, such as a fragrance or insecticide, and thereby extends an effective fragrancing period of the fuel until the fuel is completely burned. When all the fuel is liquefied in the pool during the burn of the melting plate candle, air may be drawn in substantially laminar flow over thetop edge 412 of thewall 410 into the recessedportion 406, over themelting plate 404 and a pool of liquefied fuel, such as melted wax, by a heat chimney, or upward air currents, caused by a flame on a wick (not shown) disposed over thecapillary pedestal 408. The air currents ascending up the heat chimney also distribute the volatilized active ingredient into the surrounding environment. - In one embodiment, the
base 402 and themelting plate 404 have a geometry to increase or promote substantially laminar air flow described by the following equations:
20,000 mm2+(Pmin2 −Pmax2)≧SA≧2,500 mm2+(Pmax2 −Pmin2); 1.
Dpmax≦(SA/1,000 mm)+{[(Hmin−Pmin)/2]sin θ}; 2.
Pmin≧6(Dp)(cos θ); and/or 3.
Hmin≅Pmin+2[R+(Dp−R)tan θ]; 4
in which: - Pmax is a maximum width across the
melting plate 404 in mm; - Pmin is a minimum width across the
melting plate 404 in mm; - SA is a projected surface area, or surface area of a two-dimensional projection of an outline, of the
melting plate 404 in square millimeters; - Hmin is a minimum width of the base 402 at the
top edge 412 in mm; - Dp is a depth of the
melting plate 404 from thetop edge 412 of the base 402 in mm; - Dpmax is a maximum value for Dp in mm;
- R is an outside radius of the upper edge of the base 402 in mm; and
- θ is the zenith angle of the
wall 410 in degrees. - Equation 1 quantifies an approximate relationship of the projected surface area of the melting plate and the width across the melting plate, within upper and lower constant boundaries, to promote the laminar air flow. Equation 2 quantifies an approximate relationship of the projected surface area of the
melting plate 404 and the depth of themelting plate 404 from thetop edge 412 of the base 402 to promote the laminar air flow.Equation 3 quantifies an approximate relationship of the minimum melting plate across the melting plate and the depth of themelting plate 404 from thetop edge 412 of thebase 402 and the zenith angle of thebase wall 410 to promote the laminar air flow. Equation 4 quantifies an approximate minimum width of the base 402 at thetop edge 412 as a function of the geometries of themelting plate 404 and the base to promote the laminar airflow. Although the equations 1-4 above have been described in relation to a generally rectangular base and holder, the relationships may also be used with other candleholder shapes, such as oval and circular, in order to approach an optimized candleholder geometry. For example, in one embodiment comprising a circular base and melting plate, such as thebase 102 andmelting plate 104 shown inFIG. 7 , Hmin is approximately 3.94″ (100 mm), Pmax and Pmin are both equal to approximately 3.15″ (80 mm), Dp is approximately 0.4″ (10 mm), R is approximately 0.08″ (2 mm), and θ is approximately 45°. -
FIGS. 10 and 11 show acandleholder 500, which is generally similar to thecandleholder 400 except that thecandleholder 500 includes an alignment mechanism for ensuring proper alignment of amelting plate 504 with abase portion 502. Thecandleholder 500 includes thebase portion 502 and themelting plate 504 for supporting a votive candle such as the combination of thefuel element 110,wick holder 106, andwick 108. Thebase portion 502 is made of a non-flammable material with low heat transmissivity, such as glass or ceramic, and the melting plate is made of a non-flammable material with high heat transmissivity, such as aluminum or other metal, although other materials may also be used. The base portion includes arecess 506 in a top end thereof defined by fourupstanding sidewalls 508 and amedial wall 510 spanning the sidewalls spaced below anupper rim 512 of the sidewalls. A bottom end of thebase 502 is hollow under themedial wall 510. It is to be understood that the specific shape and configuration of thesidewalls 508 and the bottom end of the base 512 may take almost any shape and form and are not limited to the specific shapes described herein. Themelting plate 504 is dish- or bowl-shaped that concaves upwardly with a bottom surface shaped generally complementary to therecess 506 so as to be received in the recess in an operative position. Themelting plate 504 has a generally square footprint with a relatively flatbottom wall 514 surrounded by a raised or upwardly curvedperipheral portion 516 adjacent an outerperipheral edge 518 and acapillary lobe 520 protruding upwardly from a central portion of thebottom wall 518 for receiving the votive candle (not shown) disposed centrally thereon in a similar manner as described previously herein. An alignment mechanism for ensuring proper alignment of themelting plate 504 within therecess 506 of thebase 502 includes a shoulder, such ashorizontal step 522, that projects inwardly from aninterior side 524 of the sidewalls and extends entirely around therecess 506, and a complementary ledge, such ashorizontal ledge 526, that rests on the shoulder. Theledge 526 extends around the melting plate and is vertically disposed between theperipheral edge 518 and thebottom wall 514 of themelting plate 504 and rests on thehorizontal step 522 with the peripheral edge pressed against theinner surface 524 of thesidewalls 508 around theentire recess 506. The entire melting plate, including thecapillary lobe 520 and theperipheral edge 518, is disposed below theupper rim 512. Themelting plate 504 is spaced above themedial wall 510 in therecess 506 with the raisedperipheral edge portions 516 pressed against theinner surface 524 of thesidewalls 508 and thecapillary lobe 520 projecting upwardly. Themelting plate 504 is secured to the base 502 with a bead of adhesive, such as the adhesive 166 (not shown), disposed between theledge 526 and theshoulder 522. The adhesive may also provide a seal between theperipheral edge 518 of themelting plate 504 and theinterior surface 524 of thesidewalls 508 to prevent melted wax or other liquids from seeping under the melting plate. Other substantially complementary alignment configurations may also or alternatively be used for alignment mechanisms within the scope of the present invention. For example, the base shoulder may only include one or more discrete spaced apart step portions, and the melting plate ledge may be continuous or match the discrete ledge portions to provide only one possible correct mating fit between the melting plate and the base. In one embodiment, the alignment feature helps ensure that themelting plate 504 is located in a predetermined relation to the base 502 so that thebottom wall 514 of the melting plate is substantially level and spaced above themedial wall 510 to ensure that melted wax pools around the capillary lobe when the candleholder 450 is placed on a level support surface and minimize heat loss from the melted wax into the base. Of course, the alignment feature may be readily modified to cause a melting plate to rest within the recess in other alignment configurations, such as with thebottom wall 514 contacting themedial wall 510 and/or with thebottom wall 514 disposed at a non-level angle. In yet another embodiment (not shown), the alignment feature may include one or more raised protrusions disposed anywhere within therecess 506 that engage complementary ledges or cavities in themelting plate 504 so as to provide a predetermined alignment between the base 502 and the melting plate. Further, the protrusions may be integral with thebase 502, or the protrusions may be formed by a separate object, such as a wire or button (not shown), placed in the cavity. Another alignment mechanism (not shown) within the scope of the present invention may include only one of the ledge and the shoulder without an opposing complementary shoulder or ledge, respectively, wherein the ledge or shoulder urges the melting plate into a predetermined alignment or orientation to the base. - A retainer feature for a
magnet 528, such as acircular ring 530 projecting upwardly from a central area of themedial wall 510, is disposed below acavity 532 in the bottom surface of themelting plate 504 underneath thecapillary lobe 520. Thering 530 extends upwardly into thecavity 532 without engaging the bottom surface of the melting plate. Thering 530 acts as a retainer for themagnet 528, which is glued to themelting plate 504 inside thecavity 532, in case the magnet should become unglued from the melting plate. In one embodiment, thering 530 does not engage, or is spaced from, the bottom surface of the melting plate in order to minimize loss of heat from the melted wax to the base. The retainer is not limited to the specific circular ring form shown in the drawings, but may take other shapes that would help retain themagnet 528 in a predetermined position underneath thecapillary lobe 520. For example, the retainer may be a plurality of spaced projections that partially surround themagnet 528, and the magnet may be shaped so as to interfit with the spaced projections in a predetermined orientation. In another example, the retainer may engage the bottom surface of thecavity 532 to help align themelting plate 504 within therecess 506 in addition to theshoulder 522 andledge 526. In addition, the alignment feature and retainer feature may be readily adapted to work with any other combination of base and melting plate disclosed herein, such as thebase 102 andcircular melting plate 104, and are not limited to the particular base and melting plate of this embodiment. - The invention having been described in an illustrative manner, it is understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of description rather than of limitation. The various components of the various melting plate candle assemblies described herein may be packaged as an assembled unit, as an unassembled kit including all or a portion of the components, as individual components, and in any combination thereof. Different and various combinations of the above-mentioned components of the various melting plate candle assemblies can also be used in the apparatuses, methods, kits, and combinations herein described. Other variations, modifications, and equivalents of the present invention possible in light of the above teachings are specifically included within the scope of the impending claims.
- The candleholder of the present invention may be used to support a votive-type candle, such as the fuel element described herein, to provide rapid melting of the candle wax fuel charge and rapid dispersion of any volatile active contained in the fuel charge. Further, the alignment feature is useful for providing positive placement of a non-circular melting plate in a pre-determined location within a complementary recess, such as the generally square melting plate and recess shown in
FIGS. 10 and 11 . In addition, the retainer feature in one embodiment may help maintain a magnet in a predetermined location under the capillary lobe. - Numerous modifications to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the foregoing description. Accordingly, this description is illustrative only and is presented for the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to make and use the invention and to teach the best mode of carrying out the same. The exclusive rights to all modifications within the scope of the impending claims are reserved.
Claims (20)
1. A candleholder for carrying a fuel element thereon, the candleholder comprising:
a base portion including a sidewall defining a recess at a top end of the base portion and a shoulder spaced from the top end projecting from the wall within the recess; and
a melting plate disposed within the recess and adapted to retain the fuel element, the melting plate having a peripheral edge and a ledge spaced from the peripheral edge defined in a bottom surface of the plate, wherein the ledge engages the shoulder.
2. The candleholder of claim 1 further comprising a medial wall spaced from the top end, the recess defined by the sidewall and the medial wall, the medial wall defining a bottom of the recess.
3. The candleholder of claim 2 , wherein the melting plate is spaced from the medial wall.
4. The candleholder of claim 2 further comprising a retainer projecting from the medial wall into the recess; and
a cavity defined in the bottom surface of the melting plate, wherein the retainer is disposed inside the cavity.
5. The candleholder of claim 4 , wherein the retainer at least partly surrounds a magnet disposed in the cavity.
6. The candleholder of claim 5 , wherein the retainer comprises a circular, ring-shaped protrusion.
7. The candleholder of claim 6 , wherein the retainer is spaced from the bottom surface of the melting plate.
8. The candleholder of claim 1 , wherein the melting plate has a substantially non-circular peripheral footprint.
9. The candleholder of claim 8 , wherein the ledge extends entirely around a central portion of the melting plate.
10. The candleholder of claim 9 , wherein the sidewall extends entirely around the recess, and the shoulder extends entirely around the recess.
11. The candleholder of claim 1 , wherein the ledge is disposed in an upturned peripheral portion.
12. The candleholder of claim 1 further comprising an adhesive disposed between the ledge and the shoulder.
13. The candleholder of claim 12 , wherein the adhesive forms a seal between the melting plate and the base portion, the seal extending completely around the melting plate.
14. A candleholder comprising:
a base portion including a recess in an upper end thereof, the recess defined by a peripheral inner wall surface and a bottom wall surface, a shoulder protruding from the peripheral inner wall surface, and a ring protruding from the bottom wall surface; and
a melting plate including a bottom central wall portion surrounded by an upturned peripheral wall portion, a ledge defined in a bottom surface of the upturned peripheral wall portion, the ledge spaced from a peripheral edge of the melting plate, and a cavity defined in the bottom surface of the central wall portion;
wherein the melting plate is disposed in the recess with the ledge disposed on the shoulder and the ring disposed inside the cavity.
15. The candleholder of claim 14 , wherein the central wall portion of the melting plate is spaced above the bottom wall surface of the base.
16. The candleholder of claim 15 , wherein the ring is spaced from the bottom surface of the central wall portion.
17. The candleholder of claim 14 , wherein the cavity is at least partly defined by a capillary lobe, and a magnet is disposed within the cavity and surrounded at least partly by the ring.
18. A candleholder comprising:
a base portion having a recess for supporting a concave melting plate therein; and
an alignment mechanism to align the melting plate in the recess in a pre-selected spaced relationship to a portion of the base portion.
19. The candleholder of claim 18 , wherein the alignment mechanism includes at least one of a ledge extending at least partly around an upturned peripheral portion of the melting plate and a shoulder projecting from a wall portion into the recess.
20. The candleholder of claim 19 , wherein the ledge is disposed on the shoulder and a bottom portion of the melting plate is spaced above a bottom surface of the recess in a substantially level position when the candleholder is disposed in an operative position.
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/271,356 US20060093980A1 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-11-10 | Candleholder with a melting plate alignment feature |
ES06827359T ES2329293T3 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2006-11-02 | CANDELABRO WITH A CHARACTERISTIC OF ALIGNMENT OF A FUSION PLATE. |
CA2627805A CA2627805C (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2006-11-02 | Candleholder with a melting plate alignment feature |
AT06827359T ATE437338T1 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2006-11-02 | CANDLE HOLDER WITH A FUSION PLATE ALIGNMENT FEATURE |
EP06827359A EP1948998B1 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2006-11-02 | Candleholder with a melting plate alignment feature |
DE602006008027T DE602006008027D1 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2006-11-02 | CANDLE HOLDER WITH A MELT PLATE ORIENTATION FEATURE |
PCT/US2006/042787 WO2007056052A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2006-11-02 | Candleholder with a melting plate alignment feature |
AU2006312004A AU2006312004B2 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2006-11-02 | Candleholder with a melting plate alignment feature |
Applications Claiming Priority (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/938,453 US7413435B2 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2004-09-10 | Fuel delivery method for melting plate candle |
US10/938,434 US7524187B2 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2004-09-10 | Wick holder locking mechanism |
US10/978,744 US7229280B2 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2004-11-01 | Wick holder magnetic retention means |
US11/124,313 US7318724B2 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-05-06 | Wick holder and wick assembly for candle assembly |
US11/123,809 US7287978B2 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-05-06 | Candle holder with improved air flow |
US11/123,461 US7442036B2 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-05-06 | Candle assembly and wick holder with improved capillary well for ensuring sustainable relight |
US11/123,372 US7467945B2 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-05-06 | Candle assembly and fuel element therefor |
US11/140,683 US20050208447A1 (en) | 2004-02-17 | 2005-05-31 | Melting plate with capillary lobe having a peaked apex and complementary fuel element for a candle assembly |
US11/182,689 US7654822B2 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2005-07-15 | Candle assembly including a fuel element with a locating recess and a melting plate with a locating protrusion |
US11/185,174 US7497685B2 (en) | 2005-07-20 | 2005-07-20 | Wick-holder assembly |
US11/197,839 US7731492B2 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-08-05 | Fuel charge for melting plate candle assembly and method of supplying liquefied fuel to a wick |
US11/271,356 US20060093980A1 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-11-10 | Candleholder with a melting plate alignment feature |
Related Parent Applications (9)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/938,453 Continuation-In-Part US7413435B2 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2004-09-10 | Fuel delivery method for melting plate candle |
US11/123,809 Continuation-In-Part US7287978B2 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-05-06 | Candle holder with improved air flow |
US11/123,461 Continuation-In-Part US7442036B2 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2005-05-06 | Candle assembly and wick holder with improved capillary well for ensuring sustainable relight |
US11/123,372 Continuation-In-Part US7467945B2 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2005-05-06 | Candle assembly and fuel element therefor |
US11/124,313 Continuation-In-Part US7318724B2 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2005-05-06 | Wick holder and wick assembly for candle assembly |
US11/140,683 Continuation-In-Part US20050208447A1 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2005-05-31 | Melting plate with capillary lobe having a peaked apex and complementary fuel element for a candle assembly |
US11/182,689 Continuation-In-Part US7654822B2 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-07-15 | Candle assembly including a fuel element with a locating recess and a melting plate with a locating protrusion |
US11/185,174 Continuation-In-Part US7497685B2 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2005-07-20 | Wick-holder assembly |
US11/197,839 Continuation-In-Part US7731492B2 (en) | 2004-02-17 | 2005-08-05 | Fuel charge for melting plate candle assembly and method of supplying liquefied fuel to a wick |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20060093980A1 true US20060093980A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
Family
ID=37770679
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/271,356 Abandoned US20060093980A1 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-11-10 | Candleholder with a melting plate alignment feature |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060093980A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1948998B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE437338T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2006312004B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2627805C (en) |
DE (1) | DE602006008027D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2329293T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007056052A1 (en) |
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US20100112503A1 (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2010-05-06 | Daniel Masterson | Large flame torch with textured flame bowl |
US20110200956A1 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2011-08-18 | Franklin Damon L | Candle Holder |
USD662237S1 (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2012-06-19 | Anchor Hocking, Llc | Candle bowl |
WO2013106781A1 (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-18 | Gan Daniel L | Eversible candle holder |
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- 2006-11-02 CA CA2627805A patent/CA2627805C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-11-02 ES ES06827359T patent/ES2329293T3/en active Active
- 2006-11-02 AU AU2006312004A patent/AU2006312004B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-11-02 AT AT06827359T patent/ATE437338T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-11-02 EP EP06827359A patent/EP1948998B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-11-02 WO PCT/US2006/042787 patent/WO2007056052A1/en active Application Filing
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110200956A1 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2011-08-18 | Franklin Damon L | Candle Holder |
US20100112503A1 (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2010-05-06 | Daniel Masterson | Large flame torch with textured flame bowl |
USD662237S1 (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2012-06-19 | Anchor Hocking, Llc | Candle bowl |
WO2013106781A1 (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-18 | Gan Daniel L | Eversible candle holder |
US9341365B2 (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2016-05-17 | Daniel L. Gan | Eversible candle holder |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1948998B1 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
ATE437338T1 (en) | 2009-08-15 |
CA2627805A1 (en) | 2007-05-18 |
CA2627805C (en) | 2011-05-24 |
EP1948998A1 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
AU2006312004A1 (en) | 2007-05-18 |
DE602006008027D1 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
AU2006312004B2 (en) | 2010-09-09 |
ES2329293T3 (en) | 2009-11-24 |
WO2007056052A1 (en) | 2007-05-18 |
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Legal Events
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
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