US20060258871A1 - (S)-n,n-dimethyl-3-(1-naphthalenyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl) propanamine-di-p-toluoyl-l-tartarate and methods of preparation thereof - Google Patents
(S)-n,n-dimethyl-3-(1-naphthalenyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl) propanamine-di-p-toluoyl-l-tartarate and methods of preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- US20060258871A1 US20060258871A1 US11/376,574 US37657406A US2006258871A1 US 20060258871 A1 US20060258871 A1 US 20060258871A1 US 37657406 A US37657406 A US 37657406A US 2006258871 A1 US2006258871 A1 US 2006258871A1
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- dnt
- ptta
- molar amount
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- duloxetine
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- JFTURWWGPMTABQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-3-naphthalen-1-yloxy-3-thiophen-2-ylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1OC(CCN(C)C)C1=CC=CS1 JFTURWWGPMTABQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229960002496 duloxetine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229960002866 duloxetine Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- ZEUITGRIYCTCEM-KRWDZBQOSA-N (S)-duloxetine Chemical class C1([C@@H](OC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)CCNC)=CC=CS1 ZEUITGRIYCTCEM-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001144 powder X-ray diffraction data Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- CMIBUZBMZCBCAT-HZPDHXFCSA-N (2r,3r)-2,3-bis[(4-methylbenzoyl)oxy]butanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)O[C@@H](C(O)=O)[C@H](C(O)=O)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 CMIBUZBMZCBCAT-HZPDHXFCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004009 13C{1H}-NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BFFSMCNJSOPUAY-LMOVPXPDSA-N (S)-duloxetine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1([C@@H](OC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)CCNC)=CC=CS1 BFFSMCNJSOPUAY-LMOVPXPDSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VCPCUKOMJUMLDL-HLZRHXKISA-N CC1=CC=C(C(=O)O[C@@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H](OC(=O)C2=CC=C(C)C=C2)C(=O)OO)C=C1.CN(C)CC[C@H](OC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1)C1=CCC=[SH]1 Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(=O)O[C@@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H](OC(=O)C2=CC=C(C)C=C2)C(=O)OO)C=C1.CN(C)CC[C@H](OC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1)C1=CCC=[SH]1 VCPCUKOMJUMLDL-HLZRHXKISA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010066218 Stress Urinary Incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
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- QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001374 small-angle light scattering Methods 0.000 description 2
- SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N (-)-norepinephrine Chemical compound NC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XWCNSHMHUZCRLN-QMMMGPOBSA-N (1s)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-thiophen-2-ylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound CN(C)CC[C@H](O)C1=CC=CS1 XWCNSHMHUZCRLN-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFTURWWGPMTABQ-SFHVURJKSA-N (3s)-n,n-dimethyl-3-naphthalen-1-yloxy-3-thiophen-2-ylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](OC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)CCN(C)C)=CC=CS1 JFTURWWGPMTABQ-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 0 *OC(=O)Cl.*OC(=O)N(C)CCC(OC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1)C1=CC=CS1.CC.CN(C)CCC(O)C1=CC=CS1.CN(C)CCC(OC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1)C1=CC=CS1.CNCCC(OC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1)C1=CC=CS1.CNCCC(OC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1)C1=CC=CS1.Cl.FC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1.[NaH] Chemical compound *OC(=O)Cl.*OC(=O)N(C)CCC(OC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1)C1=CC=CS1.CC.CN(C)CCC(O)C1=CC=CS1.CN(C)CCC(OC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1)C1=CC=CS1.CNCCC(OC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1)C1=CC=CS1.CNCCC(OC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1)C1=CC=CS1.Cl.FC1=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=C1.[NaH] 0.000 description 1
- CWLKTJOTWITYSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoronaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(F)=CC=CC2=C1 CWLKTJOTWITYSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJCZNYWLQZZIOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trichlorethoxycarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)OCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl LJCZNYWLQZZIOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 4-[[(3ar,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13as)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-[(5-methylpyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]-2-oxo-1-propan-2-yl-4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-dodecahydro-3h-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl]oxy]-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@@]12CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@H]5C(C)(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C(O)=O)CC[C@]5(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@H]3C1=C(C(C2)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)C1=CN=CC(C)=C1 QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 alkyl chloroformate Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017858 demethylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010520 demethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009878 intermolecular interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002858 neurotransmitter agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002748 norepinephrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N norepinephrine Natural products NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AHWALFGBDFAJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl carbonochloridate Chemical compound ClC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 AHWALFGBDFAJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940076279 serotonin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003775 serotonin noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000371 solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000925 very toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D333/14—Radicals substituted by singly bound hetero atoms other than halogen
- C07D333/16—Radicals substituted by singly bound hetero atoms other than halogen by oxygen atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/38—Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/24—Antidepressants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D333/14—Radicals substituted by singly bound hetero atoms other than halogen
- C07D333/20—Radicals substituted by singly bound hetero atoms other than halogen by nitrogen atoms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to DNT-Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartarate, an intermediate for the synthesis of Duloxetine, and the solid state chemistry of DNT-Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartarate.
- the present invention also provides processes for converting the DNT-Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartarate into pharmaceutically acceptable salts of duloxetine.
- Duloxetine HCl is a dual reuptake inhibitor of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine. It is used for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), depression, and pain management.
- Duloxetine hydrochloride has the chemical name (S)-(+)-N-methyl-3-(1-naphthalenyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)propanamine hydrochloric acid salt and the following structure.
- Duloxetine as well as processes for its preparation is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,023,269 (US '269).
- EP Patent No. 457559 EP '559
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,491,243 US '243
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,541,668 provide synthetic routes for the preparation of duloxetine.
- duloxetine to its hydrochloride salt is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,491,243 and in Wheeler W. J., et al, J. Label. Cpds. Radiopharm, 1995, 36, 312. In both cases the reactions are performed in ethyl acetate.
- EP '559 discloses the conversion of DNT-Oxal to DNT-base with sodium hydroxide.
- the use of oxalic acid results in the formation of very toxic substances.
- Stereochemical purity is of importance in the field of pharmaceuticals, where many of the most prescribed drugs exhibit chirality, and the two isomers exhibit different potency. Furthermore, optical purity is important since certain isomers may actually be deleterious rather than simply inert. Therefore, there is a need to obtain the desired enantiomer of duloxetine HCl in high enantiomeric purity.
- Polymorphism the occurrence of different crystal forms, is a property of some molecules and molecular complexes.
- a single molecule of a compound such as DNT-Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartarate, may give rise to a variety of crystalline forms, having distinct crystal structures and physical properties, such as melting point, X-ray diffraction pattern, infrared absorption fingerprint, and solid state NMR spectrum.
- One crystalline form may give rise to thermal behavior different from that of another crystalline form. Thermal behavior can be measured in the laboratory by such techniques as capillary melting point, thermogravimetric analysis (“TGA”), and differential scanning calorimetry (“DSC”), which have been used to distinguish polymorphic forms.
- TGA thermogravimetric analysis
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- polymorphs are distinct solids sharing the same molecular formula yet having distinct advantageous physical properties compared to other crystalline forms of the same compound or complex.
- the present invention provides (S)-N,N-Dimethyl-3-(1-naphthalenyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)propanamine-Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartarate (DNT-L-pTTA) represented by the formula C 39 H 39 NO 9 S and the structure
- DNT-L-pTTA may also exist in a crystalline form.
- the present invention provides a crystalline form of DNT-L-pTTA, herein defined as Form 01, characterized by a powder XRD pattern having peaks at about 5.5°, 13.9°, 17.7°, 19.9°, and 22.8° 2 ⁇ 0.2° 2 ⁇ .
- the present invention provides a process for preparing DNT-L-pTTA, comprising providing a mixture of Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid and a solution of DNT in a solvent selected from a group consisting of C 1-8 alcohols, C 3-8 esters, C 2-8 ethers, C 3-8 ketones, C 6-12 aromatics hydrocarbons, and acetonitrile; maintaining the mixture until a precipitate is formed, and recovering the DNT-L-pTTA.
- a solvent selected from a group consisting of C 1-8 alcohols, C 3-8 esters, C 2-8 ethers, C 3-8 ketones, C 6-12 aromatics hydrocarbons, and acetonitrile
- the invention provides a process for preparing enantiomerically pure DNT, comprising combining DNT-L-pTTA, water, base, and toluene to obtain a two phase system, and separating the organic phase containing enantiomerically pure DNT and toluene.
- the present invention further provides pharmaceutically acceptable salts of duloxetine prepared by obtaining DNT-L-pTTA, as described above, and converting the DNT-L-pTTA to pharmaceutically acceptable salts of duloxetine.
- the DNT-L-pTTA is converted to duloxetine hydrochloride.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the powder X-ray diffraction pattern for DNT-L-pTTA Form 01.
- DNT or “DNT-base” refer to the compound (S)-N,N-Dimethyl-3-(1-naphthalenyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)propanamine, having at least 2.3% (mol%) of the enantiomer R.
- the DNT has less than about 2.3% of the enantiomer R
- the DNT is “enantiomerically pure DNT”.
- the enantiomerically pure DNT has less than 1.5% of the enantiomer R, more preferably less than 0.4% of the enantiomer R.
- the present invention provides (S)-N,N-Dimethyl-3-(1-naphthalenyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl) propanamine-Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartarate (DNT-L-pTTA), represented by the formula C 39 H 39 NO 9 S and the structure:
- DNT-L-pTTA may also exist in a crystalline form.
- the present invention provides a crystalline form of DNT-L-pTTA, herein defined as Form 01, characterized by a powder XRD pattern having peaks at about 5.5°, 13.9°, 17.7°, 19.9°, and 22.8°2 ⁇ 0.2° 2 ⁇ .
- the crystalline form may be further characterized by an X-ray powder diffraction pattern having peaks at about 10.2°, 15.1°, 16.9°, 18.9°, and 24.2° 2 ⁇ 0.2° 2 ⁇ .
- the crystalline form may be further characterized by an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as depicted in FIG. 1 .
- the crystalline form 01 of DNT-L-pTTA has a maximum particle size of less than about 500 ⁇ m, more preferably, less than about 300 ⁇ m, more preferably, less than about 200 ⁇ m, more preferably, less than about 100 ⁇ m, and, most preferably, less than about 50 ⁇ m.
- the particle size of DNT-L-pTTA crystalline forms may be measured by methods, including, but not limited to, sieves, sedimentation, electrozone sensing (coulter counter), microscopy, and Low Angle Laser Light Scattering (LALLS).
- the present invention provides a process for preparing DNT-L-pTTA, comprising providing a mixture of Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid and a solution of DNT in a solvent selected from the group consisting of C 1-8 alcohols, C 3-8 esters, C 2-8 ethers, C 3-8 ketones, C 6-12 aromatics hydrocarbons and, acetonitrile; maintaining the mixture until a precipitate is formed, and recovering the DNT-L-pTTA.
- the obtained DNT-L-pTTA is crystalline Form 01.
- the solvent is selected from a group consisting of C 4-6 alcohols, C 4-6 esters, C 4-6 ethers, and C 3-8 ketones, more preferably, the solvent is selected from a group consisting of n-BuOH, acetone, ethyl acetate, and MTBE.
- the mixture is maintained while stirring. More preferably, the mixture is maintained while stirring at about room temperature for about 1 hour.
- DNT-L-pTTA may then be recovered by any method known in art, such as filtration and drying the precipitate, preferably at a temperature of from about room temperature to about 70° C., at a pressure below about 100 mmHg in a vacuum oven.
- the process described above also decreases the level of the undesired R-enantiomer of DNT-L-pTTA, relative to the amount of DNT R-enantiomer in the original DNT, such that, where the solution of DNT contains a first molar amount of enantiomer R of DNT, and the precipitate contains a second molar amount of enantiomer R of DNT-L-pTTA, the second molar amount is less than the first molar amount.
- the decrease is at least about 60%, more preferably, at least about 80%, even more preferably, at least about 90%, and, most preferably, at least about 99.8%.
- This process is capable of decreasing the level of the undesired R-enantiomer to below the detection limit.
- the invention provides a process for preparing enantiomerically pure DNT, comprising combining DNT-L-pTTA, water, base, and toluene to obtain a two phase system, and separating the organic phase containing enantiomerically pure DNT and toluene.
- the DNT-L-pTTA is crystalline Form 01.
- the invention provides pharmaceutically acceptable salts of duloxetine prepared by obtaining DNT-L-pTTA, as described above, and converting the DNT-L-pTTA to pharmaceutically acceptable salts of duloxetine.
- the DNT-L-pTTA is converted to duloxetine hydrochloride.
- the DNT-L-pTTA used in this process is preferably the DNT-L-pTTA prepared, as described above. As such, it has a low content of the R-enantiomer, and, therefore, the duloxetine HCl obtained via this DNT-L-pTTA also has a decreased molar content of its R-enantiomer, relative to the molar amount found in duloxetine hydrochloride prepared with prior art methods.
- the conversion of DNT-base to duloxetine HCl may be performed by any method known in the art, such as the one described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,491,243 or in co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 11/318,365, filed Dec. 23, 2005, the contents of which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.
- the conversion may be performed by dissolving DNT-base in an organic solvent; adding alkyl chloroformate at a temperature of about 5° C. to less than about 80° C.
- duloxetine alkyl carbamate to obtain duloxetine alkyl carbamate; combining the duloxetine alkyl carbamate with an organic solvent and a base; maintaining the reaction mixture at reflux temperatures for at least 1 to 3 hours; cooling, and adding water and an additional amount of an organic solvent; recovering duloxetine; combining the duloxetine with a solvent; adding hydrochloric acid until a pH of 3 to 4 is obtained; maintaining the reaction mixture to obtain a solid residue; and recovering duloxetine HCl.
- X-Ray powder diffraction (XRD) data was obtained using a Scintag X-ray powder diffractometer model X'TRA equipped with a Cu-tube solid state detector.
- a round standard aluminum sample holder with rough zero background quartz plate with a cavity of 25 (diameter) ⁇ 0.5 mm (depth) was used.
- a 2 liter reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer is charged with a mixture of 107 g DNT-L-pTTA, 600 ml water, 96 ml of a 22 percent solution of ammonium hydroxide, and 1 liter toluene.
- the mixture is stirred at 25° C. for 20-30 mintues, and the organic phase is separated and washed with water (3 ⁇ 300 ml).
- the toluene solution of DNT-base is used directly in the conversion to duloxetine HCl, without evaporation.
Abstract
Description
- This application claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 60/661,711 filed Mar. 14, 2005, 60/761,905 filed Jan. 24, 2006, 60/771,071 filed Feb. 6, 2006 and 60/773,593 filed Feb. 14, 2006, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- The present invention relates to DNT-Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartarate, an intermediate for the synthesis of Duloxetine, and the solid state chemistry of DNT-Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartarate. The present invention also provides processes for converting the DNT-Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartarate into pharmaceutically acceptable salts of duloxetine.
- Duloxetine HCl is a dual reuptake inhibitor of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine. It is used for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), depression, and pain management. Duloxetine hydrochloride has the chemical name (S)-(+)-N-methyl-3-(1-naphthalenyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)propanamine hydrochloric acid salt and the following structure.
- Duloxetine, as well as processes for its preparation is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,023,269 (US '269). EP Patent No. 457559 (EP '559), and U.S. Pat. No. 5,491,243 (US '243) and U.S. Pat. No. 6,541,668 provide synthetic routes for the preparation of duloxetine. US '269 describes the preparation of duloxetine by reacting (S)-(−)-N,N-Dimethyl-3-(2-thienyl)-3-hydroxypropanamine with fluoronaphtalene (Stage a), followed by demethylation with Phenyl chloroformate or trichloroethyl chloroformate (Stage b) and basic hydrolysis (Stage c) according the following scheme.
- The conversion of duloxetine to its hydrochloride salt is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,491,243 and in Wheeler W. J., et al, J. Label. Cpds. Radiopharm, 1995, 36, 312. In both cases the reactions are performed in ethyl acetate.
- EP '559 discloses the conversion of DNT-Oxal to DNT-base with sodium hydroxide. The use of oxalic acid results in the formation of very toxic substances.
- There is a need in the art for an improved synthetic process for the preparation of duloxetine HCl.
- Stereochemical purity is of importance in the field of pharmaceuticals, where many of the most prescribed drugs exhibit chirality, and the two isomers exhibit different potency. Furthermore, optical purity is important since certain isomers may actually be deleterious rather than simply inert. Therefore, there is a need to obtain the desired enantiomer of duloxetine HCl in high enantiomeric purity.
- Polymorphism, the occurrence of different crystal forms, is a property of some molecules and molecular complexes. A single molecule of a compound, such as DNT-Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartarate, may give rise to a variety of crystalline forms, having distinct crystal structures and physical properties, such as melting point, X-ray diffraction pattern, infrared absorption fingerprint, and solid state NMR spectrum. One crystalline form may give rise to thermal behavior different from that of another crystalline form. Thermal behavior can be measured in the laboratory by such techniques as capillary melting point, thermogravimetric analysis (“TGA”), and differential scanning calorimetry (“DSC”), which have been used to distinguish polymorphic forms.
- The difference in the physical properties of different crystalline forms results from the orientation and intermolecular interactions of adjacent molecules or complexes in the bulk solid. Accordingly, polymorphs are distinct solids sharing the same molecular formula yet having distinct advantageous physical properties compared to other crystalline forms of the same compound or complex.
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- DNT-L-pTTA may also exist in a crystalline form. The crystalline form is characterized by data selected from: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3 d6) δ(ppm): 8.26 (m, 1H), 7.99 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 4H), 7.81 (m, 1H), 7.51 (m, 2H), 7.42 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.17 (m, 1H), 7.07 (d, J=3.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (t, J=3.9 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 5.88 (s, 2H), 5.79 (m, 1H), 3.20 (m, 2H), 2.75 (s, 6H), 2.58 (m, 2H), 2.37 (s, 6H); 13C {1H}NMR (100 MHz): δ 170.5, 165.7, 152.3, 143.6, 142.7, 134.5, 130.0, 128.9, 127.5, 126.9, 126.8, 126.3, 125.7, 125.5, 125.3, 125.0, 121.6, 121.0, 107.2, 73.3, 72.6, 54.6, 43.0, 38.6, 33.0, 21.5; and FAB MS: m/z 312 ([M−H]+, 100%).
- In another embodiment, the present invention provides a crystalline form of DNT-L-pTTA, herein defined as Form 01, characterized by a powder XRD pattern having peaks at about 5.5°, 13.9°, 17.7°, 19.9°, and 22.8° 2θ±0.2° 2θ.
- In another embodiment, the present invention provides a process for preparing DNT-L-pTTA, comprising providing a mixture of Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid and a solution of DNT in a solvent selected from a group consisting of C1-8 alcohols, C3-8 esters, C2-8 ethers, C3-8 ketones, C6-12 aromatics hydrocarbons, and acetonitrile; maintaining the mixture until a precipitate is formed, and recovering the DNT-L-pTTA.
- In another embodiment, the invention provides a process for preparing enantiomerically pure DNT, comprising combining DNT-L-pTTA, water, base, and toluene to obtain a two phase system, and separating the organic phase containing enantiomerically pure DNT and toluene.
- The present invention further provides pharmaceutically acceptable salts of duloxetine prepared by obtaining DNT-L-pTTA, as described above, and converting the DNT-L-pTTA to pharmaceutically acceptable salts of duloxetine. Preferably, the DNT-L-pTTA is converted to duloxetine hydrochloride.
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FIG. 1 illustrates the powder X-ray diffraction pattern for DNT-L-pTTA Form 01. - As used herein, the terms “DNT” or “DNT-base” refer to the compound (S)-N,N-Dimethyl-3-(1-naphthalenyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)propanamine, having at least 2.3% (mol%) of the enantiomer R.
- Wherein the DNT has less than about 2.3% of the enantiomer R, the DNT is “enantiomerically pure DNT”. Preferably, the enantiomerically pure DNT has less than 1.5% of the enantiomer R, more preferably less than 0.4% of the enantiomer R.
-
- DNT-L-pTTA may also exist in a crystalline form. The crystalline form is characterized by data selected from: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3 d6) δ(ppm): 8.26 (m, 1H), 7.99 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 4H), 7.81 (m, 1H), 7.51 (m, 2H), 7.42 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.17 (m, 1H), 7.07 (d, J=3.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (t, J=3.9 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 5.88 (s, 2H), 5.79 (m, 1H), 3.20 (m, 2H), 2.75 (s, 6H), 2.58 (m, 2H), 2.37 (s, 6H); 13C {1H}NMR (100 MHz): δ 170.5, 165.7, 152.3, 143.6, 142.7, 134.5, 130.0, 128.9, 127.5, 126.9, 126.8, 126.3, 125.7, 125.5, 125.3, 125.0, 121.6, 121.0, 107.2, 73.3, 72.6, 54.6, 43.0, 38.6, 33.0, 21.5; and FAB MS: m/z 312 ([M−H]+, 100%).
- In another embodiment, the present invention provides a crystalline form of DNT-L-pTTA, herein defined as Form 01, characterized by a powder XRD pattern having peaks at about 5.5°, 13.9°, 17.7°, 19.9°, and 22.8°2ν±0.2° 2θ. The crystalline form may be further characterized by an X-ray powder diffraction pattern having peaks at about 10.2°, 15.1°, 16.9°, 18.9°, and 24.2° 2θ±0.2° 2θ. The crystalline form may be further characterized by an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as depicted in
FIG. 1 . - Preferably, the crystalline form 01 of DNT-L-pTTA has a maximum particle size of less than about 500 μm, more preferably, less than about 300 μm, more preferably, less than about 200 μm, more preferably, less than about 100 μm, and, most preferably, less than about 50 μm.
- The particle size of DNT-L-pTTA crystalline forms may be measured by methods, including, but not limited to, sieves, sedimentation, electrozone sensing (coulter counter), microscopy, and Low Angle Laser Light Scattering (LALLS).
- In another embodiment, the present invention provides a process for preparing DNT-L-pTTA, comprising providing a mixture of Di-p-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid and a solution of DNT in a solvent selected from the group consisting of C1-8 alcohols, C3-8 esters, C2-8 ethers, C3-8 ketones, C6-12 aromatics hydrocarbons and, acetonitrile; maintaining the mixture until a precipitate is formed, and recovering the DNT-L-pTTA.
- Preferably, the obtained DNT-L-pTTA is crystalline Form 01.
- Preferably, the solvent is selected from a group consisting of C4-6 alcohols, C4-6 esters, C4-6 ethers, and C3-8 ketones, more preferably, the solvent is selected from a group consisting of n-BuOH, acetone, ethyl acetate, and MTBE.
- Preferably, the mixture is maintained while stirring. More preferably, the mixture is maintained while stirring at about room temperature for about 1 hour.
- DNT-L-pTTA may then be recovered by any method known in art, such as filtration and drying the precipitate, preferably at a temperature of from about room temperature to about 70° C., at a pressure below about 100 mmHg in a vacuum oven.
- The process described above also decreases the level of the undesired R-enantiomer of DNT-L-pTTA, relative to the amount of DNT R-enantiomer in the original DNT, such that, where the solution of DNT contains a first molar amount of enantiomer R of DNT, and the precipitate contains a second molar amount of enantiomer R of DNT-L-pTTA, the second molar amount is less than the first molar amount.
- Preferably the decrease is at least about 60%, more preferably, at least about 80%, even more preferably, at least about 90%, and, most preferably, at least about 99.8%. This process is capable of decreasing the level of the undesired R-enantiomer to below the detection limit.
- In another embodiment, the invention provides a process for preparing enantiomerically pure DNT, comprising combining DNT-L-pTTA, water, base, and toluene to obtain a two phase system, and separating the organic phase containing enantiomerically pure DNT and toluene.
- Preferably, the DNT-L-pTTA is crystalline Form 01.
- In another embodiment, the invention provides pharmaceutically acceptable salts of duloxetine prepared by obtaining DNT-L-pTTA, as described above, and converting the DNT-L-pTTA to pharmaceutically acceptable salts of duloxetine.
- Preferably, the DNT-L-pTTA is converted to duloxetine hydrochloride.
- The DNT-L-pTTA used in this process is preferably the DNT-L-pTTA prepared, as described above. As such, it has a low content of the R-enantiomer, and, therefore, the duloxetine HCl obtained via this DNT-L-pTTA also has a decreased molar content of its R-enantiomer, relative to the molar amount found in duloxetine hydrochloride prepared with prior art methods.
- The conversion of DNT-base to duloxetine HCl may be performed by any method known in the art, such as the one described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,491,243 or in co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 11/318,365, filed Dec. 23, 2005, the contents of which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference. The conversion may be performed by dissolving DNT-base in an organic solvent; adding alkyl chloroformate at a temperature of about 5° C. to less than about 80° C. to obtain duloxetine alkyl carbamate; combining the duloxetine alkyl carbamate with an organic solvent and a base; maintaining the reaction mixture at reflux temperatures for at least 1 to 3 hours; cooling, and adding water and an additional amount of an organic solvent; recovering duloxetine; combining the duloxetine with a solvent; adding hydrochloric acid until a pH of 3 to 4 is obtained; maintaining the reaction mixture to obtain a solid residue; and recovering duloxetine HCl.
- Having described the invention with reference to certain preferred embodiments, other embodiments will become apparent to one skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The invention is further defined by reference to the following examples describing in detail the analysis of the duloxetine HCl and methods for preparing the duloxetine HCl of the invention.
- It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications, both to materials and methods, may be practiced without departing from the scope of the invention.
- Instruments
- X-Ray powder diffraction (XRD) data was obtained using a Scintag X-ray powder diffractometer model X'TRA equipped with a Cu-tube solid state detector. A round standard aluminum sample holder with rough zero background quartz plate with a cavity of 25 (diameter)×0.5 mm (depth) was used. The scanning parameters included: range: 2° to 40° 2θ; scan mode: continuous scan; step size: 0.05 a rate of 5 deg/min.
- Preparation of DNT-L-PTTA
- A 6.2 g sample of di-p-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid was added to a solution of 5 g of DNT-base (2.3% enantiomer R, mol %) dissolved in 50 ml of an appropriate solvent, and the resulting mixture was stirred for about 1 hour. The resulting solid was filtered and washed with 10 ml of the appropriate solvent, and dried in a vacuum oven at 50° C. for 16 hours. The product was analyzed by XRD, and found to be form 01.
Example Solvent % yield % enantiomer R 1 n-BuOH 79 1.45 2 Acetone 74 0.40 3 Ethyl acetate 85 1.61 4 MTBE 84 1.85
Preparation of enantiomerically pure DNT - A 2 liter reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer is charged with a mixture of 107 g DNT-L-pTTA, 600 ml water, 96 ml of a 22 percent solution of ammonium hydroxide, and 1 liter toluene. The mixture is stirred at 25° C. for 20-30 mintues, and the organic phase is separated and washed with water (3×300 ml). The toluene solution of DNT-base is used directly in the conversion to duloxetine HCl, without evaporation.
- While it is apparent that the invention disclosed herein is well calculated to fulfill the objects stated above, it will be appreciated that numerous modifications and embodiments may be devised by those skilled in the art. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such modifications and embodiments as falling within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (19)
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EP1976844A4 (en) | 2006-01-06 | 2010-11-03 | Msn Lab Ltd | Improved process for pure duloxetine hydrochloride |
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-
2006
- 2006-03-14 WO PCT/US2006/009247 patent/WO2006099459A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-03-14 CA CA002599478A patent/CA2599478A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-14 MX MX2007011255A patent/MX2007011255A/en unknown
- 2006-03-14 EP EP06738321A patent/EP1858859A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-14 CA CA002599475A patent/CA2599475A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-14 EP EP06738247A patent/EP1874754A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-14 WO PCT/US2006/009275 patent/WO2006099468A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-03-14 US US11/376,754 patent/US20060270731A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-14 WO PCT/US2006/009241 patent/WO2006099457A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-03-14 WO PCT/US2006/009165 patent/WO2006099433A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-03-14 MX MX2007011254A patent/MX2007011254A/en unknown
- 2006-03-14 EP EP06738315A patent/EP1858874A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-14 TW TW095108592A patent/TW200639161A/en unknown
- 2006-03-14 US US11/376,573 patent/US20060270861A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-14 US US11/376,552 patent/US7534900B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-14 TW TW095108594A patent/TW200639162A/en unknown
- 2006-03-14 US US11/376,574 patent/US20060258871A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-14 EP EP06738348A patent/EP1858873A2/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-06-25 IL IL184189A patent/IL184189A0/en unknown
- 2007-06-25 IL IL184185A patent/IL184185A0/en unknown
- 2007-06-25 IL IL184184A patent/IL184184A0/en unknown
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2006099468A3 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
MX2007011254A (en) | 2007-10-18 |
US20060276660A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
US20060270861A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
US7534900B2 (en) | 2009-05-19 |
TW200639161A (en) | 2006-11-16 |
CA2599475A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
US20060270731A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
WO2006099433A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
WO2006099457A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
IL184184A0 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
TW200639162A (en) | 2006-11-16 |
EP1858874A1 (en) | 2007-11-28 |
IL184189A0 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
EP1858859A1 (en) | 2007-11-28 |
CA2599478A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
EP1874754A1 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
EP1858873A2 (en) | 2007-11-28 |
MX2007011255A (en) | 2007-10-18 |
WO2006099468A2 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
IL184185A0 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
WO2006099459A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
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