US20060283771A1 - Workpiece container assembly and apparatus for opening/closing the same - Google Patents
Workpiece container assembly and apparatus for opening/closing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060283771A1 US20060283771A1 US11/499,783 US49978306A US2006283771A1 US 20060283771 A1 US20060283771 A1 US 20060283771A1 US 49978306 A US49978306 A US 49978306A US 2006283771 A1 US2006283771 A1 US 2006283771A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cover
- container
- bar
- stage
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D43/00—Lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D43/26—Mechanisms for opening or closing, e.g. pedal-operated
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/673—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere using specially adapted carriers or holders; Fixing the workpieces on such carriers or holders
- H01L21/6735—Closed carriers
- H01L21/67373—Closed carriers characterised by locking systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/677—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations
- H01L21/67763—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations the wafers being stored in a carrier, involving loading and unloading
- H01L21/67772—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for conveying, e.g. between different workstations the wafers being stored in a carrier, involving loading and unloading involving removal of lid, door, cover
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
- Y10T292/08—Bolts
- Y10T292/096—Sliding
- Y10T292/0969—Spring projected
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a workpiece container assembly and to an apparatus for opening/closing the container of the assembly. More particularly, the present invention relates to a container assembly for accommodating semiconductor wafers in the course of their being processed, and to an apparatus for opening and closing a cover of the container assembly.
- Semiconductor device are fabricated by subjecting a wafer to various manufacturing processes, such as photolithography, deposition, etching, and thin film-forming processes. These wafers are typically 8 inches in diameter. The wafers are accommodated in a container and from there are introduced into the manufacturing apparatus in which the above-mentioned processes are carried out. As the technology behind these processes has improved, wafers having a diameter of 12 inches are being used in addition to the 8-inch wafers.
- An open wafer cassette is mainly used to accommodate the wafers when the wafers have a diameter of 8 inches.
- a closed-type of container assembly for example, a front open unified pod (hereinafter, simply referred to as “FOUP”) has been developed for use with the larger 12-inch wafers.
- the FOUP is better than open wafer cassette in preventing the wafers from being contaminated when the wafers are transferred to and from the manufacturing apparatus.
- the FOUP includes a container in which the wafers are accommodated, and a cover disposed over the front of the container.
- a separate opening/closing apparatus is used to remove the cover from the container.
- An example of such a FOUP is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,186,331 issued to Kinpara, et al.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 a conventional FOUP and an apparatus for opening/closing the FOUP will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- the FOUP 10 includes a container 12 for accommodating wafers therein, and a cover 14 covering an open side of the container 12 so as to close the container 12 .
- the container 12 also has opposite sidewalls which define therein a series of parallel slots 16 .
- the wafers W are inserted into the slots 16 , respectively.
- the cover 14 includes a main cover body, and a locking section 18 .
- the container 12 has a frame 30 which cooperates with the locking section 18 so that the cover 14 may be attached to and detached from the container 12 .
- the locking section 18 includes a plate 20 that is rotatably supported within the body of the cover 14 .
- the rotatable plate 20 has a keyhole 22 in the center thereof.
- the keyhole 22 is exposed at the front of the cover 14 such that a key can be inserted into the keyhole 22 from outside of the cover 14 .
- the plate 20 is rotated.
- the locking section 18 of the cover 14 also includes a pair of bars 24 .
- First ends of the bars 24 are connected to the rotatable plate 20 , and second ends of the bars 24 protrude from the body of the cover 14 through upper and lower surfaces of the cover 14 , respectively.
- respective inlet hole 26 extends through each of the upper and lower surfaces of the cover 14 to allow the bars 24 to protrude from the cover 14 .
- the frame 30 is integral with the container 12 and has insertion holes 32 (shown in FIG. 1 ) which are positioned across from inlet holes 26 of the cover 14 so as to receive the bars 24 of the cover 14 when the cover 14 is attached to the container 12 . That is, the bars 24 of the lock section 18 are inserted into the insertion holes 32 formed in the frame 30 so that the cover 14 is coupled to the container 12 , thereby closing the FOUP 10 .
- the FOUP 10 having the above structure requires a separate opening/closing apparatus for operating the cover 14 to open/close the container 12 .
- the opening/closing apparatus includes a loading section which supports the FOUP 10 and is operable to move the FOUP 10 horizontally, a plate that will face the cover of a FOUP 10 supported by the loading section, a key mounted on a side of the plate so as to be insertable into the keyhole 22 of the FOUP, and a drive mechanism for moving the plate vertically or horizontally.
- a FOUP opening/closing apparatus is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,053,688 (issued to Cheng).
- a closed FOUP 10 accommodating a plurality of wafers to be processed is placed on the loading section. Then, the FOUP 10 is moved horizontally towards the plate until the plate and the cover 14 engage each other. At this time, the key mounted on the plate is inserted into the keyhole 22 in the front of the cover 14 .
- the key is rotated.
- the plate 20 is rotated and the bars 24 connected to the rotating plate 20 are moved vertically so that second ends of the bars 24 are withdrawn into the cover 14 .
- the. cover 14 can be separated from the container 12 .
- the cover 14 is attached to the plate.
- the plate to which the cover 14 is attached is moved horizontally to detach the cover 14 from the container.
- the plate is then moved vertically so as to open the FOUP 10 .
- the keyhole 22 formed in the cover of the conventional FOUP 10 is very small and thus, the key of the opening/closing apparatus is also very small. Accordingly, the key cannot be precisely aligned with the keyhole 22 when the cover 14 of the FOUP 10 is to be separated from the container 12 . Therefore, sometimes the FOUP 10 is not to be opened.
- the FOUP 10 is frequently opened/closed during the semiconductor manufacturing process and hence, the key is frequently inserted into the keyhole 22 and is rotated while in the keyhole 22 . For this reason, the keyhole 22 becomes enlarged, and eventually a gap is formed between the key and the keyhole 22 . If a large gap is formed between the key and the keyhole 22 , the opening/closing apparatus may not be able to rotate the key within the keyhole 22 . In this case, an opening/closing error of the FOUP 10 occurs. As a result, the processing time is increased and the productivity of the semiconductor manufacturing process is correspondingly decreased.
- An object of the present invention is to obviate the problems of the prior art. Therefore, it is a first object of the present invention to provide a workpiece container assembly whose cover has a locking section that facilitates the opening/closing of the cover.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for opening/closing the workpiece container assembly.
- a still further object of the present invention is to provide a workpiece container assembly whose cover has a locking section, in combination with an apparatus having a cover-separating section that can simultaneously manipulate the locking section of the cover and grip the cover to open/close the workpiece container assembly.
- the workpiece container assembly may be a FOUP configured to accommodate 12-inch semiconductor wafers.
- the container assembly includes a container for accommodating workpiece(s) therein, and a cover for covering the container.
- the container has an opening at one side thereof, and a frame delimiting the opening and having an insertion hole therein.
- the cover has a cover body that spans the opening of the container, and a locking section that includes a bar protruding towards an exterior of the body of the cover and a-resilient member connected to the bar such that the bar is biased longitudinally into the insertion hole in the frame of the container.
- a jaw extends from the bar to the exterior of the body of the cover.
- the jaw is preferably tapered so as to define a notch therein.
- the apparatus for opening/closing the container assembly includes a loading section having a stage dedicated to support the container assembly, and a plate assembly extending upright relative to the stage and positionable in opposition to the cover of a container assembly disposed on the stage of the loading section, the plate assembly having a cover-separating section including a clamp for unlocking the cover from the container and gripping the unlocked cover.
- the clamp is operated to engage the jaw extending from the bar of the locking section and move the bar against the biasing force of the resilient member to withdraw the bar from the insertion hole in the frame of the container.
- the clamp also latches onto the jaw, using the notch in the jaw, so that the cover can be removed from the opening of the container once the locking section has been unlocked.
- the locking section of the workpiece container assembly can be manipulated using the simple operation of a clamp.
- there is a wide margin for positioning of the cover-separating section of the opening/closing apparatus relative to the cover of the container assembly and the manipulation of the locking section by the cover-separating section hardly causes the locking section to wear in such a manner that it becomes difficult to open and close the cover. Accordingly, few processing errors ever arise as the result of the continued use of the container assembly and opening/closing apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional FOUP
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of part of a locking section of the conventional FOUP
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a FOUP according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a locking section of the FOUP according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B are sectional views of the FOUP according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are sectional views of an apparatus for opening/closing a FOUP according to the present invention.
- a FOUP 100 according to the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3-5B .
- the FOUP 100 includes a container 102 having an opening at one side thereof, and a cover 104 disposed over the opening for closing the container 102 .
- the open side of the container 102 will be referred to hereinafter as the front of the container 102 .
- the container 102 is configured to accommodate a plurality of wafers therein. More specifically, the container 102 has opposite sidewalls in which a series of parallel slits 102 a are defined. The wafers are received in the slits 102 a , respectively.
- the cover 104 has a cover body that spans the opening at the front of the container 102 , and at least one locking section 106 (refer to FIG. 4 ) for securing the cover 104 to the container 102 .
- the locking section 106 includes a bar 200 protruding from the body of the cover 104 , and a resilient member 204 connected to the bar 200 .
- the container 102 has a frame 110 extending around and thus delimiting the opening at the front of the container 102 .
- the frame 110 also defines an insertion hole 108 into which the bar 200 is inserted.
- the bar 200 is biased into the insertion hole 108 by the resilient member 204 of the locking section 106 to keep the cover 104 secured to the container.
- the cover 104 may be separated from the container 102 by withdrawing the bar 200 from the insertion hole 108 against the force exerted by the resilient member 204 .
- the locking section 106 and the frame 110 will be described in more detail below.
- a resilient member 204 is connected to the second end of the bar 200 .
- the resilient member 204 extends in the longitudinal direction of the bar 200 .
- the first end of the bar 200 is retracted into the body of the cover 104 .
- the cover 104 also includes a supporting member 206 connected to one end of the resilient member 204 for supporting the resilient member 204 .
- the supporting member 206 extends within the body of the cover 104 in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the bar 200 is free to move. Accordingly, the supporting member 206 allows the resilient member 204 to be compressed when an external force is applied to the bar 200 .
- the insertion hole 108 in the frame 110 of the container 102 confronts the inlet hole 202 in the body of the cover 104 , respectively. Accordingly, the first end of the bar 200 extending from the body of the cover 104 will be inserted into the insertion hole 108 of the frame 110 , whereby the cover 104 is locked to the container 102 .
- the front of the body of the cover 104 has a hole 212 therethrough that exposes a portion of the bar 200 .
- the locking section 106 further includes a jaw 210 extending horizontally from the bar 200 through the hole 212 .
- an external force can be securely applied to an upper or lower surface of the jaw 210 in the longitudinal direction of the bar 200 .
- Such an external force is transferred to the bar 200 , whereby the resilient member 204 connected to the bar 200 can be compressed, the bar 200 is retracted, and the cover 104 is released from the container. That is, the first end of the bar 200 is withdrawn from the insertion hole 108 , so the cover 104 can be separated from the container 102 .
- the length of the hole 212 is larger than the distance that the first end of the bar 200 protrudes into the insertion hole 108 in the frame 110 of the container 102 .
- the length of the hole 212 is larger than the distance that the first end of the bar 200 protrudes from the inlet hole 202 . Accordingly, the first end of the bar 200 can be retracted into the body of the cover 104 to release the cover 104 from the container 102 .
- the jaw 210 is tapered towards the bar 200 such that the cross-sectional area of that portion of the jaw 210 adjacent the bar 200 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of a distal end portion of the jaw 210 .
- the locking section 106 may include a second protrusion extending from the bar 200 and through the hole 212 in the body of the cover 104 , adjacent and opposite to the jaw 210 .
- the protrusion may serve as a stop for the bar 200 by abutting an edge of the body of the cover 104 that defines an end of the hole 212 in the longitudinal direction (direction of movement) of the bar 200 .
- the second protrusion may thus serve to position the jaw 210 relative to a clamp of the opening/closing apparatus (described later).
- the cover 104 may also have more than one locking section 106 .
- the cover 104 may have locking sections 106 that are longitudinally aligned.
- the bars 200 of the locking sections 106 extend in opposite directions, i.e., from the interior of the cover 104 to upper and lower surfaces of the cover 104 , respectively.
- the cover 104 may have locking sections 106 that are disposed in parallel.
- the bars 200 of the locking sections 106 are laterally spaced from and extend parallel to one another.
- the frame 110 of the container has a plurality of insertion holes 108 that receive the bars 200 of the locking sections 106 , respectively.
- the present embodiment employs four locking sections 106 .
- the two bars 200 of a first pair of the locking sections 106 extend towards the upper surface of the cover 104 and the two bars 200 of the other pair of locking sections 106 extend towards the lower surface of the cover 104 .
- the frame 110 of the container 102 thus has four insertion holes 108 that receive the bars 200 , respectively, so that the cover 104 can be secured stably on the container 102 .
- respective bars 200 of locking sections 106 of the FOUP 100 protrude through upper and lower surfaces of the body of the cover 104 , respectively. Accordingly, one end of each bar 200 is received in an insertion hole 108 , so that the FOUP 100 is closed.
- the bars 200 of the locking sections 106 of the FOUP 100 may be withdrawn into the body of the cover 104 through the upper and lower surfaces of the body of the cover 104 . That is, the bars 200 may be withdrawn from the insertion holes 108 . In this case, the cover 104 can be separated from the container 102 so that the FOUP 100 can be opened.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B show an apparatus for opening/closing the FOUP according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6A show a state in which the cover 104 is coupled to the container 102
- FIG. 6B shows a state in which the cover 104 has been separated from the container 102 by the apparatus.
- the FOUP opening/closing apparatus is disposed at a boundary between semiconductor processing equipment requiring a highly pure environment and a high vacuum state, and a semiconductor line in which such conditions are maintained at a much lower level.
- the container of the FOUP is mounted on the semiconductor processing equipment. Accordingly, the wafers accommodated in the FOUP are not exposed to the environment present in the semiconductor line while the semiconductor manufacturing process is being carried out by the semiconductor processing equipment.
- the FOUP opening/closing apparatus 300 has a loading section 302 onto which the FOUP 100 is loaded.
- the loading section 302 includes a stage 302 a for supporting the FOUP 100 thereon and a driving mechanism 302 b for moving the stage 302 a horizontally.
- the driving mechanism 302 b moves the stage 302 a horizontally towards a door of the semiconductor processing equipment.
- the cover 104 of the FOUP faces the door of the semiconductor processing equipment.
- the FOUP opening/closing apparatus 300 also includes a plate assembly 304 and a drive mechanism 308 for moving the plate assembly 304 to a position confronting the cover 104 of a FOUP 100 that has been placed on the loading section 302 . That is, the plate assembly 304 is positioned adjacent and upright relative to the stage 302 a of the loading section. The plate assembly 304 is also located adjacent and opposite the door of the semiconductor processing equipment.
- the plate assembly 304 has a cover-separating section 306 for physically detaching the cover 104 from the container 102 of the FOUP 100 .
- the cover-separating section 306 is disposed at one side of the plate assembly 304 opposite to the cover 104 of the FOUP 100 .
- the cover-separating section 306 comprises a clamp 400 that applies force to the bar 200 in a longitudinal direction of the bar 200 to thereby detach the cover 104 from the container 102 of the FOUP 100 .
- the clamp 400 of the cover-separating section 306 simultaneously applies longitudinal forces to the bars 200 of all of the locking sections 106 of the cover 104 .
- the clamp 400 operates to move the first ends of bars 200 into the body of the cover 104 , so the cover can be separated from the container 102 of the FOUP 100 .
- the number of arms 400 a of the clamp 400 corresponds to the number of bars 200 of the FOUP 100 .
- the clamp 400 grips the cover 104 after it has been detached from the container 102 so that the freed cover 104 is basically attached to the cover-separating section 306 .
- the clamp 400 is configured to grip the protruding jaw or jaws 210 that extend from the bar(s) 200 of the cover 104 .
- the opening/closing apparatus 300 has a driving mechanism 402 connected to the arms 400 a of the clamp.
- the driving mechanism 402 is operable to move the arms 400 a toward and away from each.
- the driving mechanism 402 may comprise a motor and transmission elements for converting a rotary output of the motor to linear motion.
- the form of the clamp 400 of the cover-separating section 306 depends on the number and shape of the jaws 210 of the FOUP 100 .
- the clamp 400 will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiment of the FOUP described above in accordance with the present invention.
- the FOUP 100 includes two pairs of locking sections 106 , wherein each pair includes longitudinally aligned bars 200 that extend in opposite directions towards the upper and lower surfaces of the body of the cover 104 .
- Two protrusions, including one jaw 210 extend from each bar 200 as spaced from one other along the length of the bar 200 .
- the jaw 210 is tapered towards the bar 200 so as to define a notch that will receive the distal end of an arm 400 a of the clamp 400 . That is, the distal end of each arm 400 a has a shape corresponding to the notch in a respective one of the jaws 210 , whereby the arms 400 a mesh with the jaws 210 .
- each arm 400 a of the clamp 400 is inserted into a space formed between a jaw 210 and the corresponding protrusion extending from the bar 200 which together allow the bar 200 to be stably moved by the clamp 400 .
- the driving mechanism 402 moves the arms 400 a toward each other, whereby the bars 200 are withdrawn from the insertion holes 108 in the container 102 , and into the body of the cover 104 .
- the driving mechanism 308 is operable to move the plate assembly 304 in both the vertical and horizontal directions, to thereby align the cover-separating section 306 with the locking section 106 of the cover 104 . Therefore, once the cover 104 is gripped by the clamp 400 of the cover-separating section 306 , the plate assembly 304 is moved horizontally and then vertically to remove the cover 104 from the open side of the container 102 . Accordingly, the interior of the container 102 of the FOUP 100 is open to the door of the semiconductor processing equipment.
- the opening/closing operation can be performed even when the clamp 400 is not precisely aligned with the jaws 210 by the driving mechanism 308 .
- the location of the arms 400 a of the clamp 400 are merely adjusted relative to each other. That is, a precise positioning of the cover-separating section 306 relative to the container assembly 100 is not required before the cover 104 can be removed from the container 102 .
- the bar is biased by the resilient member and can be moved without the use of a key and a key hole when detaching the cover from the container. Accordingly, the present invention provides for a wide margin for aligning the locking section of the cover with the cover-separating section of the apparatus for opening/closing the container assembly. In addition, any wearing of the engaged parts of the locking section and cover-separating section will not affect the ability of the operation to be easily carried out. Thus, the opening/closing operation will not cause a reduction in the productivity of the semiconductor device manufacturing process.
Abstract
A workpiece container assembly includes a container, and a cover having a locking section that facilitates manipulation and gripping by an apparatus for opening and closing the workpiece container assembly. The container is configured to accommodate workpiece(s) therein. A body of the cover covers an open side of the container. The locking section of the cover includes a bar protruding towards the exterior of the body of the cover, a jaw extending from the bar, and a resilient member connected to the bar such that the bar is biased in its longitudinal direction. The container also includes a frame defining an insertion hole into which the bar of the locking section of the cover is inserted. The opening/closing apparatus includes a clamp that can latch onto the jaw and move the bar against the biasing force of the resilient member to withdraw the bar from the insertion hole in the frame of the container.
Description
- This is a Divisional of, and a claim of priority is made to, U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 10/282,196, filed Oct. 29, 2002, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to a workpiece container assembly and to an apparatus for opening/closing the container of the assembly. More particularly, the present invention relates to a container assembly for accommodating semiconductor wafers in the course of their being processed, and to an apparatus for opening and closing a cover of the container assembly.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- Semiconductor device are fabricated by subjecting a wafer to various manufacturing processes, such as photolithography, deposition, etching, and thin film-forming processes. These wafers are typically 8 inches in diameter. The wafers are accommodated in a container and from there are introduced into the manufacturing apparatus in which the above-mentioned processes are carried out. As the technology behind these processes has improved, wafers having a diameter of 12 inches are being used in addition to the 8-inch wafers.
- An open wafer cassette is mainly used to accommodate the wafers when the wafers have a diameter of 8 inches. Recently, however, a closed-type of container assembly, for example, a front open unified pod (hereinafter, simply referred to as “FOUP”) has been developed for use with the larger 12-inch wafers. The FOUP is better than open wafer cassette in preventing the wafers from being contaminated when the wafers are transferred to and from the manufacturing apparatus.
- The FOUP includes a container in which the wafers are accommodated, and a cover disposed over the front of the container. In addition, a separate opening/closing apparatus is used to remove the cover from the container. An example of such a FOUP is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,186,331 issued to Kinpara, et al.
- Hereinafter, a conventional FOUP and an apparatus for opening/closing the FOUP will be described with reference to
FIGS. 1 and 2 . - The FOUP 10 includes a
container 12 for accommodating wafers therein, and acover 14 covering an open side of thecontainer 12 so as to close thecontainer 12. Thecontainer 12 also has opposite sidewalls which define therein a series ofparallel slots 16. The wafers W are inserted into theslots 16, respectively. On the other hand, thecover 14 includes a main cover body, and alocking section 18. Thecontainer 12 has aframe 30 which cooperates with thelocking section 18 so that thecover 14 may be attached to and detached from thecontainer 12. - Referring to
FIG. 2 , thelocking section 18 includes aplate 20 that is rotatably supported within the body of thecover 14. Therotatable plate 20 has akeyhole 22 in the center thereof. Thekeyhole 22 is exposed at the front of thecover 14 such that a key can be inserted into thekeyhole 22 from outside of thecover 14. When a user rotates the key after inserting the key into thekeyhole 22, theplate 20 is rotated. - The
locking section 18 of thecover 14 also includes a pair ofbars 24. First ends of thebars 24 are connected to therotatable plate 20, and second ends of thebars 24 protrude from the body of thecover 14 through upper and lower surfaces of thecover 14, respectively. Asrespective inlet hole 26 extends through each of the upper and lower surfaces of thecover 14 to allow thebars 24 to protrude from thecover 14. - The
frame 30 is integral with thecontainer 12 and has insertion holes 32 (shown inFIG. 1 ) which are positioned across frominlet holes 26 of thecover 14 so as to receive thebars 24 of thecover 14 when thecover 14 is attached to thecontainer 12. That is, thebars 24 of thelock section 18 are inserted into theinsertion holes 32 formed in theframe 30 so that thecover 14 is coupled to thecontainer 12, thereby closing theFOUP 10. - The FOUP 10 having the above structure requires a separate opening/closing apparatus for operating the
cover 14 to open/close thecontainer 12. - Generally, the opening/closing apparatus includes a loading section which supports the
FOUP 10 and is operable to move theFOUP 10 horizontally, a plate that will face the cover of aFOUP 10 supported by the loading section, a key mounted on a side of the plate so as to be insertable into thekeyhole 22 of the FOUP, and a drive mechanism for moving the plate vertically or horizontally. One example of such a FOUP opening/closing apparatus is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,053,688 (issued to Cheng). - Next, the operation of the FOUP opening/closing apparatus will be described.
- First, a closed
FOUP 10 accommodating a plurality of wafers to be processed is placed on the loading section. Then, the FOUP 10 is moved horizontally towards the plate until the plate and thecover 14 engage each other. At this time, the key mounted on the plate is inserted into thekeyhole 22 in the front of thecover 14. - Subsequently, the key is rotated. As a result, the
plate 20 is rotated and thebars 24 connected to therotating plate 20 are moved vertically so that second ends of thebars 24 are withdrawn into thecover 14. Accordingly, the.cover 14 can be separated from thecontainer 12. In addition, since the key is inserted into thekeyhole 22, thecover 14 is attached to the plate. - Then, the plate to which the
cover 14 is attached is moved horizontally to detach thecover 14 from the container. The plate is then moved vertically so as to open the FOUP 10. - However, the
keyhole 22 formed in the cover of theconventional FOUP 10 is very small and thus, the key of the opening/closing apparatus is also very small. Accordingly, the key cannot be precisely aligned with thekeyhole 22 when thecover 14 of theFOUP 10 is to be separated from thecontainer 12. Therefore, sometimes theFOUP 10 is not to be opened. - In addition, the
FOUP 10 is frequently opened/closed during the semiconductor manufacturing process and hence, the key is frequently inserted into thekeyhole 22 and is rotated while in thekeyhole 22. For this reason, thekeyhole 22 becomes enlarged, and eventually a gap is formed between the key and thekeyhole 22. If a large gap is formed between the key and thekeyhole 22, the opening/closing apparatus may not be able to rotate the key within thekeyhole 22. In this case, an opening/closing error of theFOUP 10 occurs. As a result, the processing time is increased and the productivity of the semiconductor manufacturing process is correspondingly decreased. - An object of the present invention is to obviate the problems of the prior art. Therefore, it is a first object of the present invention to provide a workpiece container assembly whose cover has a locking section that facilitates the opening/closing of the cover. A second object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for opening/closing the workpiece container assembly.
- A still further object of the present invention is to provide a workpiece container assembly whose cover has a locking section, in combination with an apparatus having a cover-separating section that can simultaneously manipulate the locking section of the cover and grip the cover to open/close the workpiece container assembly.
- The workpiece container assembly may be a FOUP configured to accommodate 12-inch semiconductor wafers.
- The container assembly includes a container for accommodating workpiece(s) therein, and a cover for covering the container. The container has an opening at one side thereof, and a frame delimiting the opening and having an insertion hole therein. The cover has a cover body that spans the opening of the container, and a locking section that includes a bar protruding towards an exterior of the body of the cover and a-resilient member connected to the bar such that the bar is biased longitudinally into the insertion hole in the frame of the container.
- A jaw extends from the bar to the exterior of the body of the cover. The jaw is preferably tapered so as to define a notch therein.
- The apparatus for opening/closing the container assembly includes a loading section having a stage dedicated to support the container assembly, and a plate assembly extending upright relative to the stage and positionable in opposition to the cover of a container assembly disposed on the stage of the loading section, the plate assembly having a cover-separating section including a clamp for unlocking the cover from the container and gripping the unlocked cover.
- The clamp is operated to engage the jaw extending from the bar of the locking section and move the bar against the biasing force of the resilient member to withdraw the bar from the insertion hole in the frame of the container. The clamp also latches onto the jaw, using the notch in the jaw, so that the cover can be removed from the opening of the container once the locking section has been unlocked.
- The locking section of the workpiece container assembly can be manipulated using the simple operation of a clamp. In this way, there is a wide margin for positioning of the cover-separating section of the opening/closing apparatus relative to the cover of the container assembly, and the manipulation of the locking section by the cover-separating section hardly causes the locking section to wear in such a manner that it becomes difficult to open and close the cover. Accordingly, few processing errors ever arise as the result of the continued use of the container assembly and opening/closing apparatus of the present invention.
- The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments thereof made with reference to the attached drawings, of which:
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional FOUP; -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of part of a locking section of the conventional FOUP; -
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a FOUP according to the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a locking section of the FOUP according to the present invention; -
FIGS. 5A and 5B are sectional views of the FOUP according to the present invention; and -
FIGS. 6A and 6B are sectional views of an apparatus for opening/closing a FOUP according to the present invention. - A
FOUP 100 according to the present invention will now be described in detail with reference toFIGS. 3-5B . - Referring first to
FIG. 3 , theFOUP 100 includes acontainer 102 having an opening at one side thereof, and acover 104 disposed over the opening for closing thecontainer 102. The open side of thecontainer 102 will be referred to hereinafter as the front of thecontainer 102. - The
container 102 is configured to accommodate a plurality of wafers therein. More specifically, thecontainer 102 has opposite sidewalls in which a series ofparallel slits 102 a are defined. The wafers are received in theslits 102 a, respectively. - The
cover 104 has a cover body that spans the opening at the front of thecontainer 102, and at least one locking section 106 (refer toFIG. 4 ) for securing thecover 104 to thecontainer 102. Thelocking section 106 includes abar 200 protruding from the body of thecover 104, and aresilient member 204 connected to thebar 200. In addition, thecontainer 102 has aframe 110 extending around and thus delimiting the opening at the front of thecontainer 102. Theframe 110 also defines aninsertion hole 108 into which thebar 200 is inserted. - The
bar 200 is biased into theinsertion hole 108 by theresilient member 204 of thelocking section 106 to keep thecover 104 secured to the container. On the other hand, thecover 104 may be separated from thecontainer 102 by withdrawing thebar 200 from theinsertion hole 108 against the force exerted by theresilient member 204. - The
locking section 106 and theframe 110 will be described in more detail below. - Referring still to
FIGS. 3 and 4 , aresilient member 204 is connected to the second end of thebar 200. Theresilient member 204 extends in the longitudinal direction of thebar 200. Thus, when a longitudinal force is applied to thebar 200 to compress theresilient member 204, the first end of thebar 200 is retracted into the body of thecover 104. - The
cover 104 also includes a supportingmember 206 connected to one end of theresilient member 204 for supporting theresilient member 204. The supportingmember 206 extends within the body of thecover 104 in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which thebar 200 is free to move. Accordingly, the supportingmember 206 allows theresilient member 204 to be compressed when an external force is applied to thebar 200. - When the
cover 104 is fitted into the opening at the front of thecontainer 102, theinsertion hole 108 in theframe 110 of thecontainer 102 confronts theinlet hole 202 in the body of thecover 104, respectively. Accordingly, the first end of thebar 200 extending from the body of thecover 104 will be inserted into theinsertion hole 108 of theframe 110, whereby thecover 104 is locked to thecontainer 102. - In addition, the front of the body of the
cover 104 has ahole 212 therethrough that exposes a portion of thebar 200. Thelocking section 106 further includes ajaw 210 extending horizontally from thebar 200 through thehole 212. Thus, an external force can be securely applied to an upper or lower surface of thejaw 210 in the longitudinal direction of thebar 200. Such an external force is transferred to thebar 200, whereby theresilient member 204 connected to thebar 200 can be compressed, thebar 200 is retracted, and thecover 104 is released from the container. That is, the first end of thebar 200 is withdrawn from theinsertion hole 108, so thecover 104 can be separated from thecontainer 102. - To facilitate this operation, the length of the
hole 212, as taken in the longitudinally direction of thebar 200, is larger than the distance that the first end of thebar 200 protrudes into theinsertion hole 108 in theframe 110 of thecontainer 102. Preferably, the length of thehole 212, as taken in the longitudinal direction of thebar 200, is larger than the distance that the first end of thebar 200 protrudes from theinlet hole 202. Accordingly, the first end of thebar 200 can be retracted into the body of thecover 104 to release thecover 104 from thecontainer 102. - In addition, the
jaw 210 is tapered towards thebar 200 such that the cross-sectional area of that portion of thejaw 210 adjacent thebar 200 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of a distal end portion of thejaw 210. - Still further, the
locking section 106 may include a second protrusion extending from thebar 200 and through thehole 212 in the body of thecover 104, adjacent and opposite to thejaw 210. As shown in the drawings, the protrusion may serve as a stop for thebar 200 by abutting an edge of the body of thecover 104 that defines an end of thehole 212 in the longitudinal direction (direction of movement) of thebar 200. The second protrusion may thus serve to position thejaw 210 relative to a clamp of the opening/closing apparatus (described later). - The
cover 104 may also have more than onelocking section 106. For instance, thecover 104 may have lockingsections 106 that are longitudinally aligned. In this case, thebars 200 of the lockingsections 106 extend in opposite directions, i.e., from the interior of thecover 104 to upper and lower surfaces of thecover 104, respectively. In addition, thecover 104 may have lockingsections 106 that are disposed in parallel. In this case, thebars 200 of the lockingsections 106 are laterally spaced from and extend parallel to one another. In either case, theframe 110 of the container has a plurality ofinsertion holes 108 that receive thebars 200 of the lockingsections 106, respectively. - As shown best in
FIG. 3 , the present embodiment employs four lockingsections 106. The twobars 200 of a first pair of the lockingsections 106 extend towards the upper surface of thecover 104 and the twobars 200 of the other pair of lockingsections 106 extend towards the lower surface of thecover 104. Theframe 110 of thecontainer 102 thus has fourinsertion holes 108 that receive thebars 200, respectively, so that thecover 104 can be secured stably on thecontainer 102. - That is, as shown in
FIG. 5A ,respective bars 200 of lockingsections 106 of theFOUP 100 protrude through upper and lower surfaces of the body of thecover 104, respectively. Accordingly, one end of eachbar 200 is received in aninsertion hole 108, so that theFOUP 100 is closed. - On the other hand, referring to
FIG. 5B , thebars 200 of the lockingsections 106 of theFOUP 100 may be withdrawn into the body of thecover 104 through the upper and lower surfaces of the body of thecover 104. That is, thebars 200 may be withdrawn from the insertion holes 108. In this case, thecover 104 can be separated from thecontainer 102 so that theFOUP 100 can be opened. -
FIGS. 6A and 6B show an apparatus for opening/closing the FOUP according to the present invention.FIG. 6A show a state in which thecover 104 is coupled to thecontainer 102, andFIG. 6B shows a state in which thecover 104 has been separated from thecontainer 102 by the apparatus. - In general, the FOUP opening/closing apparatus is disposed at a boundary between semiconductor processing equipment requiring a highly pure environment and a high vacuum state, and a semiconductor line in which such conditions are maintained at a much lower level. As soon as the cover of the FOUP is opened by the FOUP opening/closing apparatus, the container of the FOUP is mounted on the semiconductor processing equipment. Accordingly, the wafers accommodated in the FOUP are not exposed to the environment present in the semiconductor line while the semiconductor manufacturing process is being carried out by the semiconductor processing equipment.
- Referring to
FIGS. 6A and 6B , the FOUP opening/closing apparatus 300 has aloading section 302 onto which theFOUP 100 is loaded. In more detail, theloading section 302 includes astage 302 a for supporting theFOUP 100 thereon and adriving mechanism 302 b for moving thestage 302 a horizontally. In particular, thedriving mechanism 302 b moves thestage 302 a horizontally towards a door of the semiconductor processing equipment. At this time, thecover 104 of the FOUP faces the door of the semiconductor processing equipment. - The FOUP opening/
closing apparatus 300 also includes aplate assembly 304 and adrive mechanism 308 for moving theplate assembly 304 to a position confronting thecover 104 of aFOUP 100 that has been placed on theloading section 302. That is, theplate assembly 304 is positioned adjacent and upright relative to thestage 302 a of the loading section. Theplate assembly 304 is also located adjacent and opposite the door of the semiconductor processing equipment. - The
plate assembly 304 has a cover-separatingsection 306 for physically detaching thecover 104 from thecontainer 102 of theFOUP 100. To this end, the cover-separatingsection 306 is disposed at one side of theplate assembly 304 opposite to thecover 104 of theFOUP 100. The cover-separatingsection 306 comprises aclamp 400 that applies force to thebar 200 in a longitudinal direction of thebar 200 to thereby detach thecover 104 from thecontainer 102 of theFOUP 100. In the present embodiment, theclamp 400 of the cover-separatingsection 306 simultaneously applies longitudinal forces to thebars 200 of all of the lockingsections 106 of thecover 104. More specifically, theclamp 400 operates to move the first ends ofbars 200 into the body of thecover 104, so the cover can be separated from thecontainer 102 of theFOUP 100. To this end, the number ofarms 400 a of theclamp 400 corresponds to the number ofbars 200 of theFOUP 100. - In addition, the
clamp 400 grips thecover 104 after it has been detached from thecontainer 102 so that the freedcover 104 is basically attached to the cover-separatingsection 306. To this end, theclamp 400 is configured to grip the protruding jaw orjaws 210 that extend from the bar(s) 200 of thecover 104. In addition, the opening/closing apparatus 300 has adriving mechanism 402 connected to thearms 400 a of the clamp. Thedriving mechanism 402 is operable to move thearms 400 a toward and away from each. Like any of the driving mechanisms of the present invention, thedriving mechanism 402 may comprise a motor and transmission elements for converting a rotary output of the motor to linear motion. The form of theclamp 400 of the cover-separatingsection 306 depends on the number and shape of thejaws 210 of theFOUP 100. Hereinafter, theclamp 400 will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiment of the FOUP described above in accordance with the present invention. - That is, as was described above, the
FOUP 100 includes two pairs of lockingsections 106, wherein each pair includes longitudinally alignedbars 200 that extend in opposite directions towards the upper and lower surfaces of the body of thecover 104. Two protrusions, including onejaw 210, extend from eachbar 200 as spaced from one other along the length of thebar 200. Thejaw 210 is tapered towards thebar 200 so as to define a notch that will receive the distal end of anarm 400 a of theclamp 400. That is, the distal end of eacharm 400 a has a shape corresponding to the notch in a respective one of thejaws 210, whereby thearms 400 a mesh with thejaws 210. - The
arms 400 a of theclamp 400 are thus latched over thejaws 210 protruding from thebars 200 that extend towards the upper and lower surfaces of thebody cover 104, respectively. In particular, eacharm 400 a of theclamp 400 is inserted into a space formed between ajaw 210 and the corresponding protrusion extending from thebar 200 which together allow thebar 200 to be stably moved by theclamp 400. Then, thedriving mechanism 402 moves thearms 400 a toward each other, whereby thebars 200 are withdrawn from the insertion holes 108 in thecontainer 102, and into the body of thecover 104. - The
driving mechanism 308 is operable to move theplate assembly 304 in both the vertical and horizontal directions, to thereby align the cover-separatingsection 306 with thelocking section 106 of thecover 104. Therefore, once thecover 104 is gripped by theclamp 400 of the cover-separatingsection 306, theplate assembly 304 is moved horizontally and then vertically to remove thecover 104 from the open side of thecontainer 102. Accordingly, the interior of thecontainer 102 of theFOUP 100 is open to the door of the semiconductor processing equipment. - Note, however, the opening/closing operation can be performed even when the
clamp 400 is not precisely aligned with thejaws 210 by thedriving mechanism 308. In this case, the location of thearms 400 a of theclamp 400 are merely adjusted relative to each other. That is, a precise positioning of the cover-separatingsection 306 relative to thecontainer assembly 100 is not required before thecover 104 can be removed from thecontainer 102. - As described above, the bar is biased by the resilient member and can be moved without the use of a key and a key hole when detaching the cover from the container. Accordingly, the present invention provides for a wide margin for aligning the locking section of the cover with the cover-separating section of the apparatus for opening/closing the container assembly. In addition, any wearing of the engaged parts of the locking section and cover-separating section will not affect the ability of the operation to be easily carried out. Thus, the opening/closing operation will not cause a reduction in the productivity of the semiconductor device manufacturing process.
- Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments thereof, various changes, substitutions and alterations of these preferred embodiments will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. All such changes, substitutions and alterations can be made to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An apparatus for opening/closing a container assembly, the apparatus comprising:
a stage dedicated to support the container assembly;
a plate assembly extending upright relative to said stage, said plate assembly having a cover-separating section including a clamp comprising a pair of arms;
a first driving mechanism that moves said stage and said plate assembly linearly relative to each other in a first direction, the cover-separating section being disposed at a side of said plate assembly that faces said stage in said first direction, whereby the cover-separating section can be brought face-to-face with a container assembly supported on said stage; and
a second driving mechanism connected to said clamp so as to move said arms of the clamp relative to each other.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said first driving mechanism is connected to said stage so as to move said stage relative to said plate assembly.
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , and further comprising a third driving mechanism connected to said plate assembly so as to move said plate assembly perpendicularly to said stage.
4. The combination of a container assembly and apparatus for opening and closing the container assembly, wherein
said container assembly comprises a container configured to accommodate at least one workpiece therein, and a cover, said container having an opening at one side thereof, and a frame delimiting at least a portion of the opening, said frame defining at least one insertion hole therein, and said cover including a cover body that spans said opening, and at least one locking section by which the cover is secured to the container, said locking section including a bar extending longitudinally towards the outside of the body of the cover and into the insertion hole in the frame of said container, a jaw extending from said bar to the exterior of the body of said cover, and a resilient member connected to the bar such that the bar is biased in its longitudinal direction by said resilient member, and
said apparatus comprising a stage dedicated to support the. container assembly, a plate assembly extending upright relative to said stage, said plate assembly having a cover-separating section including a clamp having a pair of arms, a first driving mechanism that moves said stage and said plate assembly linearly relative to each other in a first direction, the cover-separating section being disposed at a side of said plate assembly that faces in said stage in said first direction, and a second driving mechanism connected to said clamp so as to move said arms of the clamp toward and away from each other.
5. The combination as claimed in claim 4 , wherein a jaw tapers in a direction towards said bar so as to define a notch between a distal end of said jaw and said bar, and one of said arms of the clamp has a distal end having a shape corresponding to that of said notch.
6. The combination as claimed in claim 4 , wherein said container assembly comprises at least one pair of said locking sections, the bars of each said pair being axially aligned within the body of said cover.
7. The combination as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the jaw extending from each of said bars tapers towards the bar so as to define a notch between a distal end of the jaw and said bar, and each of the arms of the clamp has a distal end having shape corresponding to a respective one of the notches.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/499,783 US20060283771A1 (en) | 2002-01-28 | 2006-08-07 | Workpiece container assembly and apparatus for opening/closing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR2002-0004900 | 2002-01-28 | ||
KR10-2002-0004900A KR100443771B1 (en) | 2002-01-28 | 2002-01-28 | Container of workpeace and apparatus for opening or closing the container of workpeace |
US10/282,196 US7108135B2 (en) | 2002-01-28 | 2002-10-29 | Workpiece container assembly and apparatus for opening/closing the same |
US11/499,783 US20060283771A1 (en) | 2002-01-28 | 2006-08-07 | Workpiece container assembly and apparatus for opening/closing the same |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/282,196 Division US7108135B2 (en) | 2002-01-28 | 2002-10-29 | Workpiece container assembly and apparatus for opening/closing the same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20060283771A1 true US20060283771A1 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
Family
ID=27607037
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US10/282,196 Expired - Fee Related US7108135B2 (en) | 2002-01-28 | 2002-10-29 | Workpiece container assembly and apparatus for opening/closing the same |
US11/499,783 Abandoned US20060283771A1 (en) | 2002-01-28 | 2006-08-07 | Workpiece container assembly and apparatus for opening/closing the same |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US10/282,196 Expired - Fee Related US7108135B2 (en) | 2002-01-28 | 2002-10-29 | Workpiece container assembly and apparatus for opening/closing the same |
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US (2) | US7108135B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100443771B1 (en) |
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US9592930B2 (en) | 2008-01-13 | 2017-03-14 | Entegris, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for large diameter wafer handling |
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US20100038283A1 (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2010-02-18 | Ming-Long Chiu | Wafer container having the latch and inflatable seal element |
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US20110073521A1 (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2011-03-31 | Chin-Ming Lin | Wafer container with at least one oval latch |
US20100065468A1 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2010-03-18 | Ming-Long Chiu | Wafer Container with roller |
US20100126904A1 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-05-27 | Kung-Hao Cheng | Thin-plate container |
US8196748B2 (en) | 2010-04-29 | 2012-06-12 | Gudeng Precision Industrial Co, Ltd | Wafer container with oval latch |
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US20220093434A1 (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2022-03-24 | Gudeng Precision Industrial Co., Ltd. | Supporting shelf module and wafer container using same |
US20240105481A1 (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-03-28 | Gudeng Precision Industrial Co., Ltd. | Latching guide structure |
US11948820B1 (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-04-02 | Gudeng Precision Industrial Co., Ltd. | Latching guide structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7108135B2 (en) | 2006-09-19 |
KR20030064562A (en) | 2003-08-02 |
KR100443771B1 (en) | 2004-08-09 |
US20030141217A1 (en) | 2003-07-31 |
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Legal Events
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