US20070012213A1 - Shot pattern control wad structure for shotshell - Google Patents
Shot pattern control wad structure for shotshell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20070012213A1 US20070012213A1 US11/503,253 US50325306A US2007012213A1 US 20070012213 A1 US20070012213 A1 US 20070012213A1 US 50325306 A US50325306 A US 50325306A US 2007012213 A1 US2007012213 A1 US 2007012213A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- shot
- wad
- container
- open
- pellets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
- F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
- F42B7/04—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile of pellet type
- F42B7/043—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile of pellet type with shot-scattering means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
- F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
- F42B7/08—Wads, i.e. projectile or shot carrying devices, therefor
Definitions
- slits 40 are provided in the tubular cylindrical body 31 thereby correspondingly providing six tabs therebetween which tend to flutter while the shot container 11 travels through the air. This fluttering causes resistance and slows up the container 11 so that the shot 22 will extrude forward through the inwardly restricting extrusion passage 35 to form the extruded shot column illustrated in FIG. 1 at 13 .
Abstract
A shot pattern control wad structure for use in a cartridge for shotgun wherein the cartridge includes a case having a tubular outer wall and a wad structure located in the case between gunpowder and a charge of pellets. The wad structure of the present invention is a two-piece structure and includes a base wad having a tubular cylindrical body open at a forward end thereof and has a closed rearward end that faces adjacent to the gun powder. The second portion of the wad structure is a shot container having a tubular cylindrical body with open rear and front ends and contains the charge of pellets and is dimensioned to be slidably received within the base wad. The open front end of the sot container has an annular inwardly restricting extrusion passage for extruded passage of the charge of pellets therethrough and the open rear end of the shot container is preferably provided with longitudinal slits. An interlocking retainer is provided between the base wad the shot container for preventing relative axial movement therebetween in either axial direction.
Description
- This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/180,464, filed Jul. 12, 2005.
- The present invention relates to the field of shotgun cartridges and more particularly to a shotshell which controls the shot pattern.
- In a conventional shotgun, the barrel thereof is usually provided with a choke to control the distribution density (pattern) of the shot pellets at a predetermined shooting range. A full choke barrel provides the greatest degree of concentration of the pellets as they leave the shotgun barrel and is used for a long range shot. Other chokes of less constriction are improved cylinder and open.
- A principal object of the present invention is to provide a wad structure for a shotshell which is more effective in longer range shooting, and which effect can be obtained by merely exchanging the type of shotshell as opposed to modifying the degree of choke. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a pattern control device for the pellets which provides improvement over the devices illustrated in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,635,555; 5,299,502 and 5,413,050.
- The shot pattern control wad structure of the present invention for use in a cartridge for a shotgun includes in typical fashion a case having a tubular outer wall and a wad structure located in the case between gunpowder and a charge of pellets. The wad structure of the present invention includes a base wad having a tubular cylindrical body open at a forward end thereof and having a closed rearward end face adjacent to the gun powder. The cylindrical body is provided with slits longitudinally extending from the open forward end of the tubular cylindrical body. In addition, the wad structure further includes a shot container having a tubular cylindrical body with open rear and front ends for containing the charge of pellets. The tubular cylindrical body of the shot container is dimensioned to be slidably received within the base wad tubular cylindrical body. The open front end of the shot container is provided with an annular inwardly restricting extrusion passage for extruded passage of the charge of pellets therethrough.
- The tubular cylindrical body for the shot container is preferably provided with slits longitudinally extending from the open rear end. These slits are symmetrically arranged annularly about the rear end of the tubular cylindrical body of the shot container. The depth of these slits may be varied, generally in the range of 0.25 to 0.75 inches, to thereby correspondingly regulate when the charge of pellets will extrude from the shot container forward through the inwardly restricting extrusion passage. In other words, the shorter the slits are, the less air turbulence will be created and the longer the charge of pellets will remain with the shot container. The longer these slits are the more turbulence is created about the rearward end of the shot container which causes the shot charge to extrude through the restricting extrusion passage sooner.
- The base wad structure is similar to that of the prior art in that it is provided with slits which are symmetrically arranged annularly about the front or forward end of the tubular cylindrical body of the base wad so that the base wad structure flares out and departs from the shot container shortly after leaving the barrel of the gun, generally at 10 to 15 yards. These slits are generally selected to be approximately 1.5 to 2.0 inches in length. As is illustrated in
FIG. 1 , thebase wad 10 rapidly separates from theshot container 11 at about 10 to 15 yards after leaving theshotgun barrel 12. After this initial separation, theshot container 11 continues for some distance holding the shot together and then extrudes theshot stream 13 and theshot container 11 is then left behind as indicated in the figure. - The aerodynamic and inertial forces act on the sleeve of the
shot container 11 to slow its forward motion more rapidly than the shot. The shot is thus extruded into auniform column 13 through the forward extrusion passage of theshot container 11 as theshot container 11 is withdrawn by the force of air. Thus the wad structure of the present invention compensates for the spraying effect of shotgun barrel choking systems and produces significantly more dense shot patterns. In fact, with the system of the present invention one is able to obtain a shot pattern which is 30 inches in diameter at 150 yards, whereas in most prior art systems a 30 inch diameter pattern can be attained only at a maximum range of approximately 40 yards. The result is that a more dense shot pattern is obtained and this reduces unnecessary wounding of game birds and insures a quick and sure kill even at long ranges of 150 yards or more. - An interlocking retainer means is provided between the base wad and the shot container for preventing relative axial movement therebetween in either axial direction. This interlocking retainer means may be provided in one embodiment or form by an annular radially protruding band on one of the base wad and the shot container which is received with a snug fit in a corresponding annular groove in the other of the base wad and the shot container. This configuration provides two noted advantages. First, the shot container cannot separate from the outer base wad structure which contains the shot container until after combination has departed from the shotgun barrel. This contains the shot charge together for a longer distance after discharge from the shotgun barrel and extrusion of the shot through the forward extrusion passage in the shot container does not therefore begin until a later period of time thereby projecting the shot pattern to a much longer distance.
- The second feature provided by this arrangement is that when the shot shell is fired the shot containers with its pellets contained therein is prevented from moving axially downward into the base wad structure thereby preventing crushing of the shot container and resultant distortion of the shot container and the pellet pattern contained therein, which would ultimately result in limited performance of the shotshell. To further enhance the capability of preventing the shot container from becoming distorted upon firing of the shotshell, an annular groove is provided in the base wad and receives the open annular rear end of the shot container therein so that the rear end of the shot container is confined and cannot distort upon firing of the shotshell.
- The accompanying drawings show, for the purpose of exemplification, without limiting the scope of the invention or appended claims, certain practical embodiments of the invention wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration showing the device of the present invention being fired from a shotgun; -
FIG. 2 is a view in side elevation of a shotshell incorporating the wad structure of the present invention as shown in vertical mid cross section; -
FIG. 3 is a view in side elevation of the shot container portion of the wad structure of the present invention as seen in section along line A-A ofFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 4 is a right end view of the shot container shown inFIG. 3 which defines the shot extrusion passage; -
FIG. 5 is a view in side elevation of the base wad portion of the wad structure of the on as seen in vertical mid cross section; -
FIG. 6 is a right end view of the base wad portion shown inFIG. 5 ; and -
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view in side elevation of another embodiment of the invention showing a shotshell in vertical mid cross section. - Referring to
FIGS. 2 through 5 , ashotshell 20 is illustrated which is charged in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. Theshotshell 20 includes a tubular plastic orpaper case 21, shot 22,primer 23,powder 24 and ametal head 25. Thewad structure 14 contained withincase 21 is a two-piece structure of the present invention and is held in position within thecase 21 by means ofend cap 26 andcrimp 27. - The two-
piece wad structure 14 includes a one-piece base wad 10 constructed of plastic and having a tubularcylindrical body 15 open at itsforward end 16 and having a closedrearward end face 17 adjacent thegunpowder 24.Face 17 is also provided with anannular compression groove 18. - The second part of the
wad structure 14 is comprised ofshot container 11 which is also constructed of plastic and is provided with a tubularcylindrical body 31 with open rear andfront ends pellets 22. Tubularcylindrical body 31 is also dimensioned to be slidably received within thecylindrical body 15 ofbase wad 10. Theopen front end 34 ofshot container 11 is provided with an annular inwardly restrictingextrusion passage 35 for extruded passage of the charge ofpellets 22 upon firing of the shotgun as previously explained. - The tubular
cylindrical body 31 ofshot container 11 has slits 40 longitudinally extending from the openrear end 32 are symmetrically arranged annularly aboutend 32, and the slits are approximately 0.25 to 0.75 inches long. The length of these slits correspondingly regulates when the charge ofpellets 22 will extrude fromshot container 11 throughextrusion passage 35. - The shotshell illustrated in
FIGS. 2 through 5 is a 10 gauge shell. However, the principals of the present invention may be applied to any conventional shotgun gauge such asgauges - Generally six
slits 40 are provided in the tubularcylindrical body 31 thereby correspondingly providing six tabs therebetween which tend to flutter while theshot container 11 travels through the air. This fluttering causes resistance and slows up thecontainer 11 so that theshot 22 will extrude forward through the inwardly restrictingextrusion passage 35 to form the extruded shot column illustrated inFIG. 1 at 13. - The longer the
slits 40 are the more turbulence is created by the tabs provided between theslits 40 and the sooner theshot container 11 will extrude its containedpellets 22. Thus, for extremely long shots of 150 yards, theslits 40 will be made shorter so that thepellets 22 are retained incontainer 11 for a longer period of time before they extrude therefrom. - The
base wad structure 10 is provided withslits 45 which are symmetrically arranged annularly about theforward end 16 and longitudinally extend from the openforward end 16 to a selected distance of approximately 1.5 to 2.0 inches in length, depending upon the gauge size of theshotgun shell 20. Generally fiveslits 45 are provided thereby providing therebetween five flaps which tend to peel open as illustrated inFIG. 1 when theshotshell 20 is fired in theshotgun 12 which thereby causes thebase wad structure 10 to drop off thereby leaving theshot container 11 to travel on. - An interlocking retainer means 50 is provided between the
base wad 10 and theshot container 11 in the form ofannular shoulder 51 ofshot container 11 which mates with annular protrudinglip 52 ofbase wad 10. Thus when the combination ofbase wad 10 and shotcontainer 11 are combined within theshot shell 20, and additionally in the barrel of a shotgun after leaving the shot shell they are always maintained together by this interlocking retainer mechanism until the combination has left the barrel of the shotgun. Upon leaving the barrel of the shotgun then the leaves provided betweenslots 45 ofbase wad 10 are then permitted to spread open and release theshot container 11 contained therein. - Referring next to
FIG. 7 , a different embodiment of the interlocking retainer means 50 is illustrated. In this embodiment, interlocking retainer means 50 betweenbase wad 10 and shotcontainer 11 prevents relative axially movement therebetween in either axial direction, not just in the forward axial direction, meaning the direction of forward movement of theshotshell container 11 relative to thebase wad 10. Here the interlocking retainer means includes an annular radially protrudingband 60 protruding radially inward from thebase wad 10, which is in turn received with a snug fit in corresponding annular groove 61 provided in theshot container 11. While thecombination base wad 10 and shotcontainer 11 are retained within the shotshell or within the shotgun barrel, there is no possibility of axial separation in either direction of the two components, thereby insuring that theshot container 11 will not and cannot become deformed or crushed upon ignition of theshotshell 20. - It must be recognized that this interlocking retainer means 50 in
FIG. 7 may be reversed wherein the radially protrudingband 60 may be provided on theshotshell container 11 and the corresponding receiving annular groove 61 may instead be provided in thebase wad 10. - To further insure that the
shot container 11 will not be crushed upon ignition of theshotshell 20 anannular groove 62 is provided in thebase wad 10 and receives the open annularrear end 32 ofshot container 11 therein.
Claims (3)
1. A shot pattern control wad structure for use in a cartridge for a shotgun, said cartridge including a case having a tubular outer wall, said wad structure located in said case between gunpowder and a charge of pellets, said wad structure comprising:
a base wad having a tubular cylindrical body open at a forward end thereof and having a closed rearward end face adjacent to the gunpowder, said cylindrical body having slits longitudinally extending from said open forward end; and
a shot container having a tubular cylindrical body with open rear and front ends for containing the charge of pellets and dimensioned to be slidably received within said base wad, said open front end having an annular inwardly restricting extrusion passage for extruded passage of said charge of pellets therethrough; and
interlocking retainer means between said base wad and said shot container for preventing relative axial movement therebetween in either axial direction.
2. The shot pattern control wad structure of claim 1 , said interlocking retainer means comprised of an annular radially protruding band on one of said base wad and said shot container received with a snug fit in a corresponding annular groove in the other of said base wad and said shot container.
3. The shot pattern control wad structure of claim 2 , including an annular groove in said base wad receiving the open annular rear end of said shot container therein.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/503,253 US20070012213A1 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-08-11 | Shot pattern control wad structure for shotshell |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/180,464 US7243603B2 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2005-07-12 | Shot pattern control wad structure for shotshell |
US11/503,253 US20070012213A1 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-08-11 | Shot pattern control wad structure for shotshell |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/180,464 Continuation-In-Part US7243603B2 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2005-07-12 | Shot pattern control wad structure for shotshell |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20070012213A1 true US20070012213A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
Family
ID=46325884
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/503,253 Abandoned US20070012213A1 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-08-11 | Shot pattern control wad structure for shotshell |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20070012213A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110174186A1 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-21 | Frank Ben N | Shotshell with combination slug and shot load |
US20130031819A1 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-07 | Menefee Iii James Y | Handheld payload launcher system |
US20170030666A1 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2017-02-02 | James Y. Menefee, III | Cartridge for handheld payload launcher system |
Citations (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2953990A (en) * | 1953-12-11 | 1960-09-27 | Olin Mathieson | Ammunition |
US3190220A (en) * | 1964-12-28 | 1965-06-22 | Alcan Company Inc | Shot receptacle |
US3565010A (en) * | 1968-06-10 | 1971-02-23 | Remington Arms Co Inc | Plastic wad column |
US3721194A (en) * | 1970-04-13 | 1973-03-20 | C Weston | Diversifying the shooting characteristics of shotguns |
US3730095A (en) * | 1970-05-22 | 1973-05-01 | F Lage | Shot shell and method of loading same |
US4103621A (en) * | 1976-07-19 | 1978-08-01 | Fackler David G | Wad column for shotshells |
US4506605A (en) * | 1980-04-15 | 1985-03-26 | Nagatoshi Maki | Shotgun cartridge and wad thereof |
US4635555A (en) * | 1985-09-16 | 1987-01-13 | Ferri Bernard L | Shot pattern controlling device |
US4805535A (en) * | 1987-05-13 | 1989-02-21 | Marcon Robert V | Projectile |
US5299502A (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1994-04-05 | Nagatoshi Maki | Container for shot of shotshell |
US5413050A (en) * | 1993-08-18 | 1995-05-09 | Maki; Nagatoshi | Pattern controller used with shotshell |
US5836971A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-11-17 | Pacesetter, Inc. | Dynamic rezoning of a tiered therapy inplantable cardioverter defibrillator/pacemaker (ICD) device |
US5861572A (en) * | 1997-06-02 | 1999-01-19 | Alltrista Corporation | Universal shotgun shell wad |
US5874689A (en) * | 1997-06-02 | 1999-02-23 | Federal Cartridge Company | Shot pouch |
US5882352A (en) * | 1995-05-25 | 1999-03-16 | Pacesetter, Inc. | Automatic adjustment of detection rate threshold in an implantable antitachycardia therapy device |
US6164209A (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-12-26 | Olin Corporation | Shotshell basewad |
US6230055B1 (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2001-05-08 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Method and apparatus for adaptive tachycardia and fibrillation discrimination |
US6367388B1 (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2002-04-09 | Chris Lee Billings | Ammunition cartridge with differently packed shotshell wad projectile chambers |
US20030164111A1 (en) * | 2000-01-14 | 2003-09-04 | Meyer Stephen W. | Sabot for a bullet |
US6625490B1 (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-09-23 | Pacesetter, Inc. | System and method of automatically adjusting sensing parameters based on temporal measurement of cardiac events |
US20050039627A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-24 | Walter Zanoletti | Wad, particularly for steel small shot for cartridges of smooth-bore shotguns or shooting rifles |
US20050235860A1 (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-10-27 | Olin Corporation, A Corporation Of The Commonwealth Of Virginia | Projectile wad for ammunition cartridges |
US7013786B1 (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2006-03-21 | James Robert Allen | Method of making an environmentally safe substitute for lead shot |
-
2006
- 2006-08-11 US US11/503,253 patent/US20070012213A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2953990A (en) * | 1953-12-11 | 1960-09-27 | Olin Mathieson | Ammunition |
US3190220A (en) * | 1964-12-28 | 1965-06-22 | Alcan Company Inc | Shot receptacle |
US3565010A (en) * | 1968-06-10 | 1971-02-23 | Remington Arms Co Inc | Plastic wad column |
US3721194A (en) * | 1970-04-13 | 1973-03-20 | C Weston | Diversifying the shooting characteristics of shotguns |
US3730095A (en) * | 1970-05-22 | 1973-05-01 | F Lage | Shot shell and method of loading same |
US4103621A (en) * | 1976-07-19 | 1978-08-01 | Fackler David G | Wad column for shotshells |
US4506605A (en) * | 1980-04-15 | 1985-03-26 | Nagatoshi Maki | Shotgun cartridge and wad thereof |
US4635555A (en) * | 1985-09-16 | 1987-01-13 | Ferri Bernard L | Shot pattern controlling device |
US4805535A (en) * | 1987-05-13 | 1989-02-21 | Marcon Robert V | Projectile |
US5299502A (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1994-04-05 | Nagatoshi Maki | Container for shot of shotshell |
US5413050A (en) * | 1993-08-18 | 1995-05-09 | Maki; Nagatoshi | Pattern controller used with shotshell |
US5882352A (en) * | 1995-05-25 | 1999-03-16 | Pacesetter, Inc. | Automatic adjustment of detection rate threshold in an implantable antitachycardia therapy device |
US5836971A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-11-17 | Pacesetter, Inc. | Dynamic rezoning of a tiered therapy inplantable cardioverter defibrillator/pacemaker (ICD) device |
US5861572A (en) * | 1997-06-02 | 1999-01-19 | Alltrista Corporation | Universal shotgun shell wad |
US5874689A (en) * | 1997-06-02 | 1999-02-23 | Federal Cartridge Company | Shot pouch |
US6164209A (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-12-26 | Olin Corporation | Shotshell basewad |
US6230055B1 (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2001-05-08 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Method and apparatus for adaptive tachycardia and fibrillation discrimination |
US20030164111A1 (en) * | 2000-01-14 | 2003-09-04 | Meyer Stephen W. | Sabot for a bullet |
US6367388B1 (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2002-04-09 | Chris Lee Billings | Ammunition cartridge with differently packed shotshell wad projectile chambers |
US6625490B1 (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-09-23 | Pacesetter, Inc. | System and method of automatically adjusting sensing parameters based on temporal measurement of cardiac events |
US7013786B1 (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2006-03-21 | James Robert Allen | Method of making an environmentally safe substitute for lead shot |
US20050039627A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-24 | Walter Zanoletti | Wad, particularly for steel small shot for cartridges of smooth-bore shotguns or shooting rifles |
US20050235860A1 (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-10-27 | Olin Corporation, A Corporation Of The Commonwealth Of Virginia | Projectile wad for ammunition cartridges |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110174186A1 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-21 | Frank Ben N | Shotshell with combination slug and shot load |
US9322622B2 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2016-04-26 | Olin Corporation | Shotshell with combination slug and shot load |
US20130031819A1 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-07 | Menefee Iii James Y | Handheld payload launcher system |
US9383161B2 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2016-07-05 | James Y. Menefee, III | Handheld payload launcher system |
US20170030666A1 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2017-02-02 | James Y. Menefee, III | Cartridge for handheld payload launcher system |
US10054410B2 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2018-08-21 | James Y. Menefee, III | Cartridge for handheld payload launcher system |
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Legal Events
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---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |