US20070035654A1 - Video camera apparatus - Google Patents
Video camera apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- US20070035654A1 US20070035654A1 US11/585,599 US58559906A US2007035654A1 US 20070035654 A1 US20070035654 A1 US 20070035654A1 US 58559906 A US58559906 A US 58559906A US 2007035654 A1 US2007035654 A1 US 2007035654A1
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- image sensing
- signal
- image
- scan mode
- image sensor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/50—Control of the SSIS exposure
- H04N25/53—Control of the integration time
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/667—Camera operation mode switching, e.g. between still and video, sport and normal or high- and low-resolution modes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/71—Charge-coupled device [CCD] sensors; Charge-transfer registers specially adapted for CCD sensors
- H04N25/73—Charge-coupled device [CCD] sensors; Charge-transfer registers specially adapted for CCD sensors using interline transfer [IT]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/53—Constructional details of electronic viewfinders, e.g. rotatable or detachable
- H04N23/531—Constructional details of electronic viewfinders, e.g. rotatable or detachable being rotatable or detachable
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/63—Control of cameras or camera modules by using electronic viewfinders
- H04N23/633—Control of cameras or camera modules by using electronic viewfinders for displaying additional information relating to control or operation of the camera
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a video camera apparatus and an image-sensing method in which images are picked up by a solid image sensor capable of outputting an image sensing signal in a progressive scan mode with use of an electronic shutter.
- an interlace-scanned image sensing signal is obtained from an image-sensing section and is outputted as a video signal according to a predetermined standard television system.
- a video cassette recorder (VCR) or a video tape recorder (VTR) integrated with a camera which is a so-called camcorder
- a solid image sensor performs image sensing operation synchronized with a vertical synchronization signal VD, as shown in FIG. 11 , and image sensing charges are read out for every one field as a charge storing period, thereby to obtain an interlace-scanned image sensing signal.
- a video signal according to a predetermined standard television system generated from this image sensing signal is dealt with.
- a still image in the camcorder since two fields of the interlace-scanned image sensing signal form an image corresponding to one frame, a time delay between fields causes deterioration of image quality. Therefore, recording/reproducing of a still image is carried out by converting an interlaced signal into a progressive scan signal.
- a still image sensing signal with high quality obtained by progressive scanning from a solid image sensor capable of progressive scanning is recorded onto a recording medium.
- the present invention has an object of providing a video camera apparatus and an image sensing method capable of obtaining a still image without blurring even when a moving object is picked up as an image with use of a solid image sensor capable of progressive scanning.
- a video camera apparatus comprises: a solid image sensor having an electronic shutter, for outputting an image sensing signal in a progressive scan mode; and drive control means for controlling the electronic shutter of the solid image sensor at a field cycle of a standard television system used as a basic cycle, thereby to output the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode.
- An image sensing method comprises steps of: controlling an electronic shutter of a solid image sensor which outputs an image sensing signal in a progressive scan mode at a field cycle of a standard television system used as a basic cycle; and outputting the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode.
- Another video camera apparatus comprises: a solid image sensor having an electronic shutter, for outputting an image sensing signal in an interlace scan mode or a progressive scan mode; control means for controlling the electronic shutter such that a shutter speed in the progressive scan mode is equal to a shutter speed in the interlace scan mode; and output means for outputting the image sensing signal in the progressive scan mode, based on the shutter speed.
- Another image sensing method comprises steps of: controlling an electronic shutter of a solid image sensor which outputs an image sensing signal in an interlace scan mode or a progressive scan mode, such that a shutter speed in the progressive scan mode is equal to a shutter speed in the interlace scan mode; and outputting the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode.
- An image sensing signal recording apparatus comprises: a solid image sensor having an electronic shutter, for outputting an image sensing signal in a progressive scan mode; drive control means for controlling the electronic shutter of the solid image sensor at a field cycle of a standard television system used as a basic cycle, thereby to output the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode; scan converter means for converting the unage sensing signal based on progressive scanning, into an interlace scan signal; and recording means for recording the image sensing signal based on progressive scanning, or the image sensing signal converted into the interlace scan signal.
- An image sensing signal recording method comprises steps of: controlling an electronic shutter of a solid image sensor which outputs an image sensing signal in a progressive scan mode at a field cycle of a standard television system used as a basic cycle; outputting the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode; converting the image sensing signal into an interlace scan signal; and recording the interlace scan signal or a progressive scan signal.
- Still another video camera apparatus comprises: a solid image sensor having an electronic shutter, for outputting an image sensing signal in an interlace scan mode or a progressive scan mode; control means for controlling the electronic shutter such that a shutter speed in the progressive scan mode is equal to a shutter speed in the interlace scan mode; output means for outputting the image sensing signal in the progressive scan mode, based on the shutter speed; scan converter means for converting the image sensing signal based on progressive scanning, into an interlace scan signal; and recording means for recording the image sensing signal based on the progressive scanning, or the image sensing signal converted into the interlace scan signal.
- Another unage sensing signal recording method comprises steps of: controlling an electronic shutter of a solid image sensor which outputs an image sensing signal in an interlace scan mode or a progressive scan mode, such that a shutter speed in the progressive scan mode is equal to a shutter speed in the interlace scan mode; outputting the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode; converting the image sensing signal into an interlace scan signal; and recording the interlace scan signal or a progressive scan signal.
- the electronic shutter of the solid image sensor which outputs an image sensing signal in the progressive scan mode is controlled at the field cycle of the standard television system used as the basic cycle, so an image sensing signal is outputted from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode. In this manner, it is possible to obtain a fine still image without blurring even when a moving object is picked up.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a camcorder to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the schematic structure of an image sensing section of the camcorder.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing the structure of a CCD image sensor of the image sensing section.
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing image sensing operation of the CCD image sensor in the progressive scan mode.
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing image sensing operation using an electronic shutter in the progressive scan mode.
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing image sensing operation of the CCD image sensor in the interlace scan mode.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the outer appearance of the camcorder.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing switch positions of an operation mode switch lever provided for the camcorder.
- FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the setting of the progressive scan mode in the camera mode of the camcorder.
- FIG. 10 is a timing chart showing image sensing operation using an electronic shutter in the progressive scan mode in case where 3-field storing is performed.
- FIG. 11 is a timing chart showing image sensing operation using a solid image sensor which performs conventional interlace scanning.
- FIG. 12 is a timing chart showing image sensing operation using a solid image sensor capable of conventional progressive scanning.
- the present invention is applied to a camcorder 100 constructed in a structure as shown in FIG. 1 .
- This camcorder 100 comprises an I/F-processing/image-MIX circuit 3 supplied with an image signal from an image sensing section 1 and/or a line-in signal processing circuit 2 , a recording/reproducing section 5 and a display section 6 connected to the circuit 3 through a DV recording/reproducing signal processing circuit 4 , an I/F processing circuit 8 connected to the circuit 3 through an encoder/decoder circuit 7 , a PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) memory card 10 detachably connected to the circuit 8 through a connector 9 , a control section 11 for controlling these components, and an operation block 12 connected to the control section 11 .
- I/F-processing/image-MIX circuit 3 supplied with an image signal from an image sensing section 1 and/or a line-in signal processing circuit 2
- a recording/reproducing section 5 and a display section 6 connected to the circuit 3 through a DV recording
- the image sensing section 1 includes a CCD image sensor 23 to which image sensing light enters through a diaphragm 22 from the image sensing lens 21 , as can be seen from the schematic structure shown in FIG. 2 .
- An image sensing signal obtained as an image-sensing output by the CCD image sensor 23 is outputted through a camera signal processing circuit 24 .
- the diaphragm 22 is driven by a diaphragm drive section 27 connected to a diaphragm drive circuit 26 supplied with a diaphragm control signal from a camera control microcomputer 25 .
- the CCD image sensor 23 is driven in such a manner that various timing signals such as a sensor gate signal, a transfer clock, and the like are supplied to the CCD image sensor 23 from a timing signal generator 28 .
- the camera signal processing circuit 24 and the timing signal generator 28 are arranged such that operation modes are switched in accordance with a control signal supplied from the camera control microcomputer 25 .
- the CCD image sensor 23 comprises photosensors S arranged in form of a matrix so as to correspond to pixels, vertical transfer registers VR from which image sensing charges of the pixels obtained by the photosensors are read out, horizontal transfer registers HR to which image sensing charges of the pixels of are transferred through the vertical transfer registers VR for every horizontal line, and an output section SO.
- the image sensing charges of the pixels are outputted as image sensing signals through the output section SO from the horizontal transfer registers HR, for every horizontal line.
- This CCD image sensor 23 is a CCD image of progressive scan type, and there are provided vertical transfer registers VR corresponding in number to the number of pixels constituting one horizontal line. Each vertical transfer register VR has transfer steps corresponding in number to the number of pixels in the vertical direction.
- the timing signal generator 28 generates a sensor gate signal SG of 2 fields (2V) equivalent to one frame cycle (1F), a vertical transfer clock CKV of 1 horizontal scan cycle (1H), and a horizontal transfer clock CKH of a frequency corresponding to the number of pixels on the horizontal line, when the progressive scan mode is set by a control signal supplied from the camera control microcomputer 25 .
- image sensing charges of the pixels obtained by the respective photosensors S of the CCD image sensor 23 are read out to the vertical transfer registers VR by means of the sensor gate signal SG, for every two fields equivalent to 1 frame period (1F).
- the image sensing charges read onto the vertical transfer registers VR are transferred to the horizontal transfer registers HR, for every one horizontal scanning period.
- the image sensing charges of the pixels are outputted as image sensing signals through the output section SO, for every horizontal line.
- the timing signal generator 28 controls the electronic shutter of the CCD image sensor 23 , with the field cycle of the standard television system used as the basic cycle.
- the electronic shutter is set at 1 field period ( 1/60 second) according to the NTSC system, as shown in FIG. 5 , charges are all discharged out in the first field and next charges are stored in the second field.
- the stored charges read out in the next two fields equivalent to another one frame. This means that the charges for one field are read out, and therefore, blurred images are not formed unlike by interlace scanning.
- the electronic shutter of the CCD image sensor 23 is controlled at the basic cycle of 1/60 second, so a fine still image can be picked up.
- the timing signal generator 28 when the interlace scan mode is set by a control signal supplied from the camera control microcomputer 25 , the timing signal generator 28 generates a sensor gate signal SG at 1 field cycle (1V), two continuous vertical transfer clocks CKV for every 1 horizontal scanning period (1H), and a horizontal transfer clock CKH at a frequency corresponding to the number of pixels in one scanning line.
- the image sensing charges of the pixels obtained by the photosensors S of the CCD image sensor 23 are read out onto the vertical transfer registers VR by a sensor gate signal SG, for every one field period (1V).
- the image sensing charges read onto the vertical transfer registers VR are transferred to the vertical transfer registers HR, for every two horizontal lines in each horizontal scanning period (1H).
- the charges of every adjacent two pixels are added (synthesized) together in the horizontal transfer registers HR, so the number of horizontal lines is reduced to 1 ⁇ 2, and the image sensing charges of the pixels are outputted as an image sensing signal from the horizontal transfer registers HR through the output section SO, for every horizontal line.
- the image. sensing signals are outputted as interlace scan signals.
- the combination of the adjacent two pixels is changed between the odd-numbered field and the even-numbered field.
- the I/F-processing/image-MIX circuit 3 performs interface processing on the signals inputted from the image sensing section 1 and the line signal processing circuit, and also performs mixing of the signals.
- the DV recording/reproducing signal processing circuit 4 performs signal processing with respect to recording/reproducing of information signals according to the so-called digital video (DV) standard.
- the recording/reproducing section 5 records information signals from the DV recording/reproducing signal processing circuit 4 onto a recording medium.
- the section 5 reproduces information signals from the recording medium and supplies the signals to the DV recording/reproducing signal processing circuit 4 .
- a magnetic tape is used as the magnetic recording medium.
- the display section 6 serves to display information signals recorded/reproduced through the DV recording/reproducing signal processing circuit 4 .
- the encoder/decoder circuit 7 serves to decode a still image according to the JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Group) standard or a video image according to the Motion JPEG standard, into an image signal, or to encode an image signal of a still image or a video image into an encoded image according to the standards described above.
- This encoder/decoder circuit 7 performs the above processing on image signals or encoded images from the I/F-processing/image-MIX circuit 3 or the PCMCIA I/O/ATA I/F processing circuit 8 .
- the PCMCIA I/O/ATA I/F 8 is a circuit which functions as an interface between JPEG/Motion-JPEG encoder/decoder circuit 7 and the PCMCIA memory card 10 .
- the PCMCIA connector 12 is a connector according to the PCMCIA standard.
- the outer appearance of the camera body 101 is shown in the perspective view in FIG. 7 .
- the camera body 101 is provided with an electronic view finder 6 A and a liquid crystal display panel 6 B, as the display section 6 .
- the operation block 12 the camera body 101 is provided with various setting operation buttons such as a zoom operation lever 12 A, an operation mode switch lever 12 B, a still image sensing operation button 12 C, a control dial 12 D, a menu button 12 E, a data code button 12 F, and the like.
- the zoom operation lever 12 A supplies the control section 11 with zoom operation input data corresponding to the operation position of the lever. Further, the control section 11 controls the zoom drive section of the image sensing lens 21 of the image sensing section 1 in accordance with the zoom operation input data.
- the operation mode switch lever 12 B has four switch setting positions as follows.
- Operation input data corresponding to each position is supplied to the control section 11 .
- the still image sensing operation button 12 C is pushed by two steps, so operation input data pieces corresponding to the push positions at the first step and the second step can be supplied to the control section 11 .
- the control section 11 controls the image sensing section 1 , the I/F-processing/image-MIX circuit 3 , the DV recording/reproducing signal processing circuit 4 , the recording/reproducing section 5 , the encoder/decoder circuit 7 , the I/F processing circuit 8 , and the like, in the following manner, in accordance with the operation input data.
- the control section 11 set the camcorder 100 in the VTR mode when the operation mode switch lever 12 B is at the position 1 .
- the control section 11 receives an operation input through a VTR operation button not shown and controls the recording/reproducing section 5 in accordance with the operation input. For example, reproducing by the recording/reproducing section 5 is started when the reproducing button is operated.
- control section 11 sets the camcorder in a operation stop state, when the operation switch lever 12 B is at the position 2 .
- control section 11 sets the camcorder in the camera mode, when the operation mode switch lever 12 B is at the position 3 .
- the control section 11 operates the image sensing section 1 so as to display an image based on an image sensing signal, on the display section, e.g., the electronic view finder 6 A or the liquid crystal display panel 6 B.
- recording by the recording/reproducing section 5 is started.
- the recording is terminated and the image sensing stand-by state is recovered.
- the control section 11 accepts operation input data by a push operation on the still image sensing operation button 12 C. If the operation input data by the push operation on the still image sensing operation button 12 C is accepted in the image sensing stand-by state, the image sensing signal obtained by the image sensing section 1 is captured as a still image and is displayed on the display section 6 , at the push position at the first step of the still image sensing operation button 12 C. If the still image sensing operation button 12 C is further pushed to the push position at the second step, the captured still image is recorded by the recording/reproducing section 5 for a predetermined time period (e.g., 7 seconds in this example). Note that voice is also recorded by the recording/reproducing section 5 during recording. If the still image sensing operation button 12 C is released before the push position at the second step, the still image to be recorded by the recording/reproducing section 5 can be reselected.
- a predetermined time period e.g. 7 seconds in this example
- the control section 11 controls the recording/reproducing section 5 so as to record the image at this time as a still image, for a predetermined time period (e.g., 7 seconds in this example) and returns again to the image sensing stand-by state after completion of this recording.
- a predetermined time period e.g. 7 seconds in this example
- control section 11 sets the camcorder 100 in the memory mode when the operation mode switch lever 12 B is at the position 4 .
- control section 11 forcedly switches the operation mode of the image sensing section 1 to the progressive scan mode.
- control section 11 receives operation input data by a push operation on the still image sensing operation button 12 C in this memory mode, an image sensing signal obtained as a progressive scan signal is captured by the image sensing section 1 and is displayed on the display section 6 , at the push position of the first step of the still unage sensing operation button 12 C.
- the still image sensing operation button 12 C is further pushed to the push position of the second step, the captured still image is recorded onto the memory card 10 .
- the still image to be recorded onto the memory card 10 can be reselected if the still image sensing operation button 12 C is not pushed to the push position of the second step but is released.
- the progressive scan signal is converted into an interlace scan signal and is then displayed on the display section 6 . Also, in this camcorder 100 in the camera mode, the image sensing operation is performed by switching the operation mode of the image sensing section 1 to the progressive scan mode, and the image sensing signal obtained as a progressive scan signal by the image sensing section 1 is converted into an interlace scan signal and is then recorded by the recording/reproducing section 5 .
- the menu button 12 E provided on the camera body 101 is pushed in the image sensing stand-by state thereby to display the menu screen on the display section 6 , and the control dial 12 D is rotated so as to switch the “progressive” to “ON” from “OFF”, as shown in FIGS. 9 (A) and (B).
- the electronic shutter when performing 3-field storing, the electronic shutter is controlled at the basic cycle of two fields ( 1/30 second). Also, when the exposure is too much, the electronic shutter may be controlled at a higher speed than 1/60 second, in place of controlling the diaphragm to be reduced down.
Abstract
The video camera apparatus and image sensing method are capable of obtaining a still image without blurring even when a moving object is picked up with use of a solid image sensor capable of progressive scanning. An electronic shutter of a CCD image sensor 23 capable of outputting an image sensing signal in a progressive scan mode is controlled by a timing signal generator 28 , with the field cycle according to the standard television system used as a basic cycle, to cause the CCD image sensor 23 to output an image sensing signal in the progressive scan mode.
Description
- The present invention relates to a video camera apparatus and an image-sensing method in which images are picked up by a solid image sensor capable of outputting an image sensing signal in a progressive scan mode with use of an electronic shutter.
- Conventionally, in a video camera apparatus according to a standard television system such as NTSC (National Television Systems Committee) or PAL (Phase Alternation by Line), an interlace-scanned image sensing signal is obtained from an image-sensing section and is outputted as a video signal according to a predetermined standard television system. Further, in a video cassette recorder (VCR) or a video tape recorder (VTR) integrated with a camera, which is a so-called camcorder, a solid image sensor performs image sensing operation synchronized with a vertical synchronization signal VD, as shown in
FIG. 11 , and image sensing charges are read out for every one field as a charge storing period, thereby to obtain an interlace-scanned image sensing signal. Thus, a video signal according to a predetermined standard television system, generated from this image sensing signal is dealt with. In case of dealing with a still image in the camcorder, since two fields of the interlace-scanned image sensing signal form an image corresponding to one frame, a time delay between fields causes deterioration of image quality. Therefore, recording/reproducing of a still image is carried out by converting an interlaced signal into a progressive scan signal. - In contrast, in an electronic still camera specialized for still images, a still image sensing signal with high quality obtained by progressive scanning from a solid image sensor capable of progressive scanning is recorded onto a recording medium.
- In a solid image sensor capable of progressive scanning, a still image sensing signal with high quality can be obtained by progressive scanning. However, as shown in
FIG. 12 , since charge storing is carried out in one frame period, the image is blurred when a moving object is picked up. A problem hence appears in that the image cannot be quite still. - Hence, the present invention has an object of providing a video camera apparatus and an image sensing method capable of obtaining a still image without blurring even when a moving object is picked up as an image with use of a solid image sensor capable of progressive scanning.
- To achieve the above object, a video camera apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a solid image sensor having an electronic shutter, for outputting an image sensing signal in a progressive scan mode; and drive control means for controlling the electronic shutter of the solid image sensor at a field cycle of a standard television system used as a basic cycle, thereby to output the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode.
- An image sensing method according to the present invention comprises steps of: controlling an electronic shutter of a solid image sensor which outputs an image sensing signal in a progressive scan mode at a field cycle of a standard television system used as a basic cycle; and outputting the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode.
- Another video camera apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a solid image sensor having an electronic shutter, for outputting an image sensing signal in an interlace scan mode or a progressive scan mode; control means for controlling the electronic shutter such that a shutter speed in the progressive scan mode is equal to a shutter speed in the interlace scan mode; and output means for outputting the image sensing signal in the progressive scan mode, based on the shutter speed.
- Another image sensing method according to the present invention comprises steps of: controlling an electronic shutter of a solid image sensor which outputs an image sensing signal in an interlace scan mode or a progressive scan mode, such that a shutter speed in the progressive scan mode is equal to a shutter speed in the interlace scan mode; and outputting the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode.
- An image sensing signal recording apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a solid image sensor having an electronic shutter, for outputting an image sensing signal in a progressive scan mode; drive control means for controlling the electronic shutter of the solid image sensor at a field cycle of a standard television system used as a basic cycle, thereby to output the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode; scan converter means for converting the unage sensing signal based on progressive scanning, into an interlace scan signal; and recording means for recording the image sensing signal based on progressive scanning, or the image sensing signal converted into the interlace scan signal.
- An image sensing signal recording method according to the present invention comprises steps of: controlling an electronic shutter of a solid image sensor which outputs an image sensing signal in a progressive scan mode at a field cycle of a standard television system used as a basic cycle; outputting the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode; converting the image sensing signal into an interlace scan signal; and recording the interlace scan signal or a progressive scan signal.
- Still another video camera apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a solid image sensor having an electronic shutter, for outputting an image sensing signal in an interlace scan mode or a progressive scan mode; control means for controlling the electronic shutter such that a shutter speed in the progressive scan mode is equal to a shutter speed in the interlace scan mode; output means for outputting the image sensing signal in the progressive scan mode, based on the shutter speed; scan converter means for converting the image sensing signal based on progressive scanning, into an interlace scan signal; and recording means for recording the image sensing signal based on the progressive scanning, or the image sensing signal converted into the interlace scan signal.
- Another unage sensing signal recording method according to the present invention comprises steps of: controlling an electronic shutter of a solid image sensor which outputs an image sensing signal in an interlace scan mode or a progressive scan mode, such that a shutter speed in the progressive scan mode is equal to a shutter speed in the interlace scan mode; outputting the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode; converting the image sensing signal into an interlace scan signal; and recording the interlace scan signal or a progressive scan signal.
- As has been described above, according to the present invention, the electronic shutter of the solid image sensor which outputs an image sensing signal in the progressive scan mode is controlled at the field cycle of the standard television system used as the basic cycle, so an image sensing signal is outputted from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode. In this manner, it is possible to obtain a fine still image without blurring even when a moving object is picked up.
- Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a video camera apparatus and an image sensing method in which a still image without blurring can be obtained even when a moving object is picked up with use of a solid image sensor capable of progressive scanning.
-
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a camcorder to which the present invention is applied. -
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the schematic structure of an image sensing section of the camcorder. -
FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing the structure of a CCD image sensor of the image sensing section. -
FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing image sensing operation of the CCD image sensor in the progressive scan mode. -
FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing image sensing operation using an electronic shutter in the progressive scan mode. -
FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing image sensing operation of the CCD image sensor in the interlace scan mode. -
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the outer appearance of the camcorder. -
FIG. 8 is a view showing switch positions of an operation mode switch lever provided for the camcorder. -
FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the setting of the progressive scan mode in the camera mode of the camcorder. -
FIG. 10 is a timing chart showing image sensing operation using an electronic shutter in the progressive scan mode in case where 3-field storing is performed. -
FIG. 11 is a timing chart showing image sensing operation using a solid image sensor which performs conventional interlace scanning. -
FIG. 12 is a timing chart showing image sensing operation using a solid image sensor capable of conventional progressive scanning. - In the following, embodiments of the present invention will be explained in details with reference to the drawings.
- For example, the present invention is applied to a
camcorder 100 constructed in a structure as shown inFIG. 1 . Thiscamcorder 100 comprises an I/F-processing/image-MIX circuit 3 supplied with an image signal from animage sensing section 1 and/or a line-insignal processing circuit 2, a recording/reproducingsection 5 and adisplay section 6 connected to thecircuit 3 through a DV recording/reproducingsignal processing circuit 4, an I/F processing circuit 8 connected to thecircuit 3 through an encoder/decoder circuit 7, a PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association)memory card 10 detachably connected to thecircuit 8 through aconnector 9, acontrol section 11 for controlling these components, and anoperation block 12 connected to thecontrol section 11. - The
image sensing section 1 includes aCCD image sensor 23 to which image sensing light enters through adiaphragm 22 from theimage sensing lens 21, as can be seen from the schematic structure shown inFIG. 2 . An image sensing signal obtained as an image-sensing output by theCCD image sensor 23 is outputted through a camerasignal processing circuit 24. - The
diaphragm 22 is driven by adiaphragm drive section 27 connected to adiaphragm drive circuit 26 supplied with a diaphragm control signal from acamera control microcomputer 25. - Also, the
CCD image sensor 23 is driven in such a manner that various timing signals such as a sensor gate signal, a transfer clock, and the like are supplied to theCCD image sensor 23 from atiming signal generator 28. - The camera
signal processing circuit 24 and thetiming signal generator 28 are arranged such that operation modes are switched in accordance with a control signal supplied from thecamera control microcomputer 25. - The
CCD image sensor 23 comprises photosensors S arranged in form of a matrix so as to correspond to pixels, vertical transfer registers VR from which image sensing charges of the pixels obtained by the photosensors are read out, horizontal transfer registers HR to which image sensing charges of the pixels of are transferred through the vertical transfer registers VR for every horizontal line, and an output section SO. The image sensing charges of the pixels are outputted as image sensing signals through the output section SO from the horizontal transfer registers HR, for every horizontal line. ThisCCD image sensor 23 is a CCD image of progressive scan type, and there are provided vertical transfer registers VR corresponding in number to the number of pixels constituting one horizontal line. Each vertical transfer register VR has transfer steps corresponding in number to the number of pixels in the vertical direction. - Further, the
timing signal generator 28 generates a sensor gate signal SG of 2 fields (2V) equivalent to one frame cycle (1F), a vertical transfer clock CKV of 1 horizontal scan cycle (1H), and a horizontal transfer clock CKH of a frequency corresponding to the number of pixels on the horizontal line, when the progressive scan mode is set by a control signal supplied from thecamera control microcomputer 25. - That is, in the progressive scan mode, image sensing charges of the pixels obtained by the respective photosensors S of the
CCD image sensor 23 are read out to the vertical transfer registers VR by means of the sensor gate signal SG, for every two fields equivalent to 1 frame period (1F). The image sensing charges read onto the vertical transfer registers VR are transferred to the horizontal transfer registers HR, for every one horizontal scanning period. At last, the image sensing charges of the pixels are outputted as image sensing signals through the output section SO, for every horizontal line. - Further, in the progressive scan mode, the
timing signal generator 28 controls the electronic shutter of theCCD image sensor 23, with the field cycle of the standard television system used as the basic cycle. - That is, for example, if the electronic shutter is set at 1 field period ( 1/60 second) according to the NTSC system, as shown in
FIG. 5 , charges are all discharged out in the first field and next charges are stored in the second field. The stored charges read out in the next two fields equivalent to another one frame. This means that the charges for one field are read out, and therefore, blurred images are not formed unlike by interlace scanning. Thus, in the progressive scan mode, the electronic shutter of theCCD image sensor 23 is controlled at the basic cycle of 1/60 second, so a fine still image can be picked up. - Also, as shown in
FIG. 6 , when the interlace scan mode is set by a control signal supplied from thecamera control microcomputer 25, thetiming signal generator 28 generates a sensor gate signal SG at 1 field cycle (1V), two continuous vertical transfer clocks CKV for every 1 horizontal scanning period (1H), and a horizontal transfer clock CKH at a frequency corresponding to the number of pixels in one scanning line. - That is, in the interlace scan mode, the image sensing charges of the pixels obtained by the photosensors S of the
CCD image sensor 23 are read out onto the vertical transfer registers VR by a sensor gate signal SG, for every one field period (1V). The image sensing charges read onto the vertical transfer registers VR are transferred to the vertical transfer registers HR, for every two horizontal lines in each horizontal scanning period (1H). The charges of every adjacent two pixels are added (synthesized) together in the horizontal transfer registers HR, so the number of horizontal lines is reduced to ½, and the image sensing charges of the pixels are outputted as an image sensing signal from the horizontal transfer registers HR through the output section SO, for every horizontal line. As a result of this, the image. sensing signals are outputted as interlace scan signals. The combination of the adjacent two pixels is changed between the odd-numbered field and the even-numbered field. - Further, in this
camcorder 100, the I/F-processing/image-MIX circuit 3 performs interface processing on the signals inputted from theimage sensing section 1 and the line signal processing circuit, and also performs mixing of the signals. Also, the DV recording/reproducingsignal processing circuit 4 performs signal processing with respect to recording/reproducing of information signals according to the so-called digital video (DV) standard. Further, the recording/reproducingsection 5 records information signals from the DV recording/reproducingsignal processing circuit 4 onto a recording medium. Also, thesection 5 reproduces information signals from the recording medium and supplies the signals to the DV recording/reproducingsignal processing circuit 4. For example, a magnetic tape is used as the magnetic recording medium. - The
display section 6 serves to display information signals recorded/reproduced through the DV recording/reproducingsignal processing circuit 4. - The encoder/
decoder circuit 7 serves to decode a still image according to the JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Group) standard or a video image according to the Motion JPEG standard, into an image signal, or to encode an image signal of a still image or a video image into an encoded image according to the standards described above. This encoder/decoder circuit 7 performs the above processing on image signals or encoded images from the I/F-processing/image-MIX circuit 3 or the PCMCIA I/O/ATA I/F processing circuit 8. - Further, the PCMCIA I/O/ATA I/
F 8 is a circuit which functions as an interface between JPEG/Motion-JPEG encoder/decoder circuit 7 and thePCMCIA memory card 10. Also, thePCMCIA connector 12 is a connector according to the PCMCIA standard. - As for the
camcorder 100, the outer appearance of thecamera body 101 is shown in the perspective view inFIG. 7 . Thecamera body 101 is provided with anelectronic view finder 6A and a liquidcrystal display panel 6B, as thedisplay section 6. As for theoperation block 12, thecamera body 101 is provided with various setting operation buttons such as azoom operation lever 12A, an operationmode switch lever 12B, a still imagesensing operation button 12C, acontrol dial 12D, amenu button 12E, adata code button 12F, and the like. - The
zoom operation lever 12A supplies thecontrol section 11 with zoom operation input data corresponding to the operation position of the lever. Further, thecontrol section 11 controls the zoom drive section of theimage sensing lens 21 of theimage sensing section 1 in accordance with the zoom operation input data. - Also, as shown in
FIG. 8 the operationmode switch lever 12B has four switch setting positions as follows. - POSITION 1: VTR
- POSITION 2: OFF
- POSITION 3: CAM
- POSITION 4: MEMORY
- Operation input data corresponding to each position is supplied to the
control section 11. Also, the still imagesensing operation button 12C is pushed by two steps, so operation input data pieces corresponding to the push positions at the first step and the second step can be supplied to thecontrol section 11. Further, thecontrol section 11 controls theimage sensing section 1, the I/F-processing/image-MIX circuit 3, the DV recording/reproducingsignal processing circuit 4, the recording/reproducingsection 5, the encoder/decoder circuit 7, the I/F processing circuit 8, and the like, in the following manner, in accordance with the operation input data. - That is, in the
camcorder 100, thecontrol section 11 set thecamcorder 100 in the VTR mode when the operationmode switch lever 12B is at theposition 1. In the VTR mode, thecontrol section 11 receives an operation input through a VTR operation button not shown and controls the recording/reproducingsection 5 in accordance with the operation input. For example, reproducing by the recording/reproducingsection 5 is started when the reproducing button is operated. - Also, the
control section 11 sets the camcorder in a operation stop state, when theoperation switch lever 12B is at theposition 2. - Also, the
control section 11 sets the camcorder in the camera mode, when the operationmode switch lever 12B is at theposition 3. In the camera mode, thecontrol section 11 operates theimage sensing section 1 so as to display an image based on an image sensing signal, on the display section, e.g., theelectronic view finder 6A or the liquidcrystal display panel 6B. Further, when an operation input from a start/stop button 12G is received in this image sensing stand-by state, recording by the recording/reproducingsection 5 is started. When another operation input from the start/stop button 12G is received again, the recording is terminated and the image sensing stand-by state is recovered. - Also, in the camera mode, the
control section 11 accepts operation input data by a push operation on the still imagesensing operation button 12C. If the operation input data by the push operation on the still imagesensing operation button 12C is accepted in the image sensing stand-by state, the image sensing signal obtained by theimage sensing section 1 is captured as a still image and is displayed on thedisplay section 6, at the push position at the first step of the still imagesensing operation button 12C. If the still imagesensing operation button 12C is further pushed to the push position at the second step, the captured still image is recorded by the recording/reproducingsection 5 for a predetermined time period (e.g., 7 seconds in this example). Note that voice is also recorded by the recording/reproducingsection 5 during recording. If the still imagesensing operation button 12C is released before the push position at the second step, the still image to be recorded by the recording/reproducingsection 5 can be reselected. - If the still image
sensing operation button 12C is pushed during camera recording, thecontrol section 11 controls the recording/reproducingsection 5 so as to record the image at this time as a still image, for a predetermined time period (e.g., 7 seconds in this example) and returns again to the image sensing stand-by state after completion of this recording. - Also, the
control section 11 sets thecamcorder 100 in the memory mode when the operationmode switch lever 12B is at theposition 4. - In this memory mode, the
control section 11 forcedly switches the operation mode of theimage sensing section 1 to the progressive scan mode. - Further, when the
control section 11 receives operation input data by a push operation on the still imagesensing operation button 12C in this memory mode, an image sensing signal obtained as a progressive scan signal is captured by theimage sensing section 1 and is displayed on thedisplay section 6, at the push position of the first step of the still unagesensing operation button 12C. When the still imagesensing operation button 12C is further pushed to the push position of the second step, the captured still image is recorded onto thememory card 10. Note that the still image to be recorded onto thememory card 10 can be reselected if the still imagesensing operation button 12C is not pushed to the push position of the second step but is released. - Since the image sensing signal obtained as a progressive scan signal by the
image sensing section 1 cannot be directly displayed by thedisplay section 6 which operates with an interlace scan signal, the progressive scan signal is converted into an interlace scan signal and is then displayed on thedisplay section 6. Also, in thiscamcorder 100 in the camera mode, the image sensing operation is performed by switching the operation mode of theimage sensing section 1 to the progressive scan mode, and the image sensing signal obtained as a progressive scan signal by theimage sensing section 1 is converted into an interlace scan signal and is then recorded by the recording/reproducingsection 5. - To set the progressive scan mode in the camera mode, the
menu button 12E provided on thecamera body 101 is pushed in the image sensing stand-by state thereby to display the menu screen on thedisplay section 6, and thecontrol dial 12D is rotated so as to switch the “progressive” to “ON” from “OFF”, as shown in FIGS. 9(A) and (B). - The above explanation has been made of a case where the
image sensing section 1 in thecamcorder 100 performs progressive scanning of 2-field storing. - However, as shown in
FIG. 10 , when performing 3-field storing, the electronic shutter is controlled at the basic cycle of two fields ( 1/30 second). Also, when the exposure is too much, the electronic shutter may be controlled at a higher speed than 1/60 second, in place of controlling the diaphragm to be reduced down.
Claims (2)
1. A video camera apparatus comprising:
a solid image sensor having an electronic shutter, for outputting an image-sensing signal in a progressive scan mode; and
drive control means for controlling the electronic shutter of the solid image sensor at a field cycle of a standard television system used as a basic cycle, thereby to output the image sensing signal from the solid image sensor in the progressive scan mode.
2-8. (canceled)
Priority Applications (1)
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US11/585,599 US20070035654A1 (en) | 1998-07-22 | 2006-10-24 | Video camera apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP10-206953 | 1998-07-22 | ||
JP10206953A JP2000041192A (en) | 1998-07-22 | 1998-07-22 | Image pickup device and image pickup method |
US09/357,220 US7126635B1 (en) | 1998-07-22 | 1999-07-20 | Video apparatus and method featuring multiple scan mode implementation |
US11/585,599 US20070035654A1 (en) | 1998-07-22 | 2006-10-24 | Video camera apparatus |
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US09/357,220 Continuation US7126635B1 (en) | 1998-07-22 | 1999-07-20 | Video apparatus and method featuring multiple scan mode implementation |
Publications (1)
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US20070035654A1 true US20070035654A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
Family
ID=16531760
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US09/357,220 Expired - Fee Related US7126635B1 (en) | 1998-07-22 | 1999-07-20 | Video apparatus and method featuring multiple scan mode implementation |
US11/585,599 Abandoned US20070035654A1 (en) | 1998-07-22 | 2006-10-24 | Video camera apparatus |
Family Applications Before (1)
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US09/357,220 Expired - Fee Related US7126635B1 (en) | 1998-07-22 | 1999-07-20 | Video apparatus and method featuring multiple scan mode implementation |
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JP (1) | JP2000041192A (en) |
Cited By (3)
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US20050174444A1 (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2005-08-11 | Akira Ueno | Electronic camera apparatus and image processing method thereof |
US20080278467A1 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2008-11-13 | In-Jae Hwang | Liquid crystal display having progressive and interlaced modes, and driving method of the liquid crystal display |
US8289377B1 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2012-10-16 | DigitalOptics Corporation MEMS | Video mode hidden autofocus |
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JP3664123B2 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2005-06-22 | ソニー株式会社 | Imaging apparatus and image quality correction method |
US9274207B2 (en) | 2006-02-01 | 2016-03-01 | Zih Corp. | System and method for determining signal source location in wireless local area network |
KR100925191B1 (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2009-11-06 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Apparatus and method for compensating backlight of camera |
WO2011142082A1 (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2011-11-17 | コニカミノルタビジネステクノロジーズ株式会社 | Solid-state image pickup device, image pickup device, and driving method |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7126635B1 (en) | 2006-10-24 |
JP2000041192A (en) | 2000-02-08 |
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Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |