US20070038242A1 - Emboli filter - Google Patents
Emboli filter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20070038242A1 US20070038242A1 US11/585,645 US58564506A US2007038242A1 US 20070038242 A1 US20070038242 A1 US 20070038242A1 US 58564506 A US58564506 A US 58564506A US 2007038242 A1 US2007038242 A1 US 2007038242A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filter media
- elongated member
- loops
- filter
- expanded position
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/01—Filters implantable into blood vessels
- A61F2/0108—Both ends closed, i.e. legs gathered at both ends
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/01—Filters implantable into blood vessels
- A61F2002/018—Filters implantable into blood vessels made from tubes or sheets of material, e.g. by etching or laser-cutting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0004—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners
- A61F2230/0006—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners circular
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0063—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2230/0067—Three-dimensional shapes conical
Definitions
- This invention pertains to a medical apparatus for passage into a body lumen of a patient. More particularly, this invention pertains to an emboli filter for deployment in a patient's body lumen to capture emboli entrained in fluid flowing through the lumen.
- occlusion treatment tools such as angioplasty balloon-tipped catheters, stents or ablation catheters
- a balloon tipped catheter may be expanded at the site to urge the occlusion against the walls of the artery to improve patency of the arterial lumen.
- a stent may be expanded at the site to maintain lumen patency.
- an ablation tool may be used to mechanical remove the occluding material.
- emboli The manipulation and use of tools within a lumen of a body passage may cause the release of emboli in the lumen.
- emboli become entrained within blood flow within the artery.
- emboli can contribute to morbidity.
- emboli can be transported to the brain and contribute to cranial ischemia (stroke).
- stroke cranial ischemia
- emboli may flow to occlude distal, micro-vessels contributing to myocardial ischemia.
- filters have been developed to capture emboli for removal from the lumen.
- An example of such a filter is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,695,519.
- Such filters include a filter media carried on an elongated, flexible member.
- the filter media commonly has an open cell construction with a cell or mesh size of 50-300 micrometers ( ⁇ m) to capture emboli while permitting fluid (e.g., blood) flow past the filter.
- the filter media is opened and closed in an umbrella-like fashion. In the open position, the filter media substantially fills the cross-section of the body lumen such that substantially all emboli-laden fluid flow must pass through the filter media. When closed, the filter media captures the emboli and the filter is reduced in size to pass through the lumen for removal.
- Emboli filters should be easy to use and highly flexible to pass through narrow vasculature.
- the filters should open in a manner atraumatic to the vessel.
- the filter should open in a manner to accommodate a non-circular cross-section while covering as much as possible of the cross-sectional area of the vessel.
- Such a filter need not abut the wall of the vessel since fluid flow at the wall is turbulent and emboli-laden flow is spaced from the wall.
- the filter media is highly flexible and the filter design permits a long filter to enlarge filter volume.
- An emboli filter for deployment in a body lumen to capture emboli entrained in a fluid flowing through the lumen.
- the filter includes a flexible elongated member sized to be passed through the lumen.
- a filter media is carried on and substantially surrounds the elongated member.
- the filter media has a first end secured to the elongated member adjacent the distal end.
- a second end of the filter media has a periphery movable radially toward and away from the elongated member.
- Opposing internal surfaces of the filter media define a volume into which emboli may flow through the second end when the periphery is moved away from the elongated member. The emboli are trapped within the volume when the periphery is radially moved toward the elongated member.
- An actuator moves the periphery radially toward and away from the elongated member.
- the actuator includes a plurality of elastic loops.
- the loops are biased to an open loop configuration with the loops urging the periphery radially away from the elongated member.
- the actuator is adapted to be manipulated by an operator to urge the loops against the bias to a closed position permitting movement of the periphery radially toward the elongated member without interference from the loops.
- FIG. 1 is a side plan schematic view of an emboli filter according to the present invention being advanced through an artery with a distal end of the filter advanced past an occlusion;
- FIG. 2 is the view of FIG. 1 with the filter media shown in an open position to trap emboli;
- FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a portion of the filter of FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 4 is a rear and side perspective view of filter media and loop actuator according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is the view of FIG. 2 with the filter media closed to capture trapped emboli and with the filter reduced in size to be retracted from the artery;
- FIG. 6 is a side plan schematic view of an alternative embodiment of an emboli filter according to the present invention with a filter media shown in an open position to trap emboli;
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another emboli filter constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
- an emboli filter 10 is shown deployed in a carotid artery CA having an internal lumen LU partially blocked by an occlusion OC. Blood flow is in the direction of arrow BF in FIG. 1 .
- the occlusion OC is shown only partially blocking the lumen LU such that blood flows through lumen LU and through the gap GA of the occlusion OC.
- the filter 10 includes a flexible, elongated member 12 having a distal end 14 and a proximal end 16 .
- the elongated member 12 is shown as a solid wire/mandrel.
- the elongated member 12 could also be a tube.
- a flexible, hollow tube 38 is mounted over the elongated member 12 .
- the hollow tube 38 is adapted to slide longitudinally relative to the elongated member.
- An enlarged collar 37 forms a distal end 39 of the hollow tube 38 .
- a proximal end 41 of the hollow tube 38 is preferably positioned adjacent to the proximal end 16 of the elongated member 12 .
- handles can be attached to one or both of the proximal ends 16 and 41 for allowing a physician to better manipulate the filter 10 .
- a handle 20 is shown attached to the proximal end 16 of the elongated member 12 .
- the filter 10 also includes a filter media 22 connected to the elongated member 12 adjacent the distal end 14 .
- the filter media 22 In a deployed state (shown in FIG. 2 ), the filter media 22 has a conical shape coaxial with the elongated member 12 .
- a closed conical tip 24 is secured to the elongated member 12 .
- the filter media 22 Proximal to conical tip 24 , the filter media 22 has a periphery conical base 26 .
- Opposing surfaces of the filter media 22 define an internal volume 28 ( FIG. 3 ).
- the filter media 22 is in the open position ( FIGS. 2, 3 , 4 and 7 ). Therefore, blood laden with emboli can flow into the volume 28 .
- the filter media 22 is porous or mesh construction such that blood flows through the filter media 22 with emboli being trapped with volume 28 .
- the filter media 22 is moved to a closed position ( FIG. 5 ), with the periphery 26 drawn toward the elongated member 12 such that the emboli are captured in the closed volume 28 .
- the filter media 22 is flaccid and is held open by loops 30 .
- Each of loops 30 is preferably identical. Three loops 30 are shown in FIGS. 2-4 . More or fewer could be used.
- the loops 30 are formed of flexible resilient material. A suitable material may be nitinol (a well-known nickel-titanium alloy) or other metal or polymer. Ends 32 ( FIG. 3 ) of the loops 30 are secured to the elongated member 12 with the loops 30 circumferentially spaced about the elongated member 12 .
- the loops 30 present a cloverleaf-shape such that the loops 30 have a secondary loop 34 at the top of each loop 30 .
- the secondary loops 34 are a convenient attachment location for securing the loops 30 to the periphery 26 by sutures 36 or any other suitable fastening or adhering means.
- the cloverleaf-shape also provides a good balance of radial force against the artery CA.
- the loops 30 are resiliently biased to open radially outwardly such that the loops are open in a plane perpendicular to the elongated member 12 when the loops 30 are in an open configuration.
- Each loop 30 is resiliently flexible independent of a remainder of the loops 30 . Therefore, in an open configuration, the loops 30 can readily accommodate a non-circular interior diameter.
- the loops 30 are movable against their bias to a closed configuration with the loops against the elongated member 12 .
- the loops 30 draw the periphery 26 toward the elongated member 12 to the closed position of FIGS. 1 and 5 .
- the periphery 26 of the filter media 22 is housed or contained within the collar 37 .
- the collar 37 prevents the periphery 26 from expanding radially outward.
- the filter media 22 is opened and closed by longitudinally sliding the elongated member 12 and the tube 38 relative to one another.
- the collar 37 urges the loops 30 against their bias from the open loop configuration toward the closed loop configuration.
- the periphery 26 of the filter media 22 can be released from the collar 37 by holding the tube 38 stationary while pushing the elongated member in a distal direction.
- the emboli filter 10 is sized to pass through gap GA to position the filter media 22 distal to an obstruction OC.
- the filter 10 will be positioned by inserting the distal tip 14 in a blood vessel through an incision, and then by manipulating the proximal end 16 to advance the tip 14 through the vasculature to the occlusion OC.
- the outer tube 38 and the elongated member 12 are moved together as one unit.
- the periphery 26 of the filter media 22 need not fully seat against the interior wall of the carotid artery CA. Fluid flow at the wall is turbulent and most emboli are carried in blood flow closer to the center of the lumen LU.
- a distal portion 15 of the elongated member 12 is highly flexible to avoid trauma as the filter 10 is advanced.
- the tube 38 can be removed from the elongated member 12 and a balloon angioplasty device can be slid over the member 12 and used to compress the occlusion OC against the lumen wall to provide an enlarged gap GA′. Thereafter, a stent 50 can be used to maintain the enlarged gap GA′.
- Such treatment may release emboli which are captured in the filter volume 28 while blood is permitted to pass through the filter media 22 .
- the tube 38 is re-inserted over the elongated member 12 , and the elongated member 12 is pulled proximally relative to the collar 37 of the tube 38 to close the filter media 22 .
- emboli are captured in the closed volume 28 and the size of the filter 22 is reduced so it can be pulled through the enlarged gap GA′ ( FIG. 5 ) and out of the carotid artery CA.
- the filter media 22 is opened and closed by moving elongated member 12 distally and proximally relative to the tube 38 (and the attached collar 37 ).
- the filter media can be opened and closed by moving the tube 38 distally and proximally, respectively, relative to the elongated member 12 .
- the tube 38 and the elongated member 12 can also be concurrently moved in opposite directions to open and close the filter media 22 .
- FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment 10 ′ having loops 30 ′ that are not cloverleaf-shaped. Instead, the loops 30 ′ have proximal ends 32 ′ and distal ends 33 ′. The distal ends 33 ′ are secured to an elongated member 12 ′ by an attachment hub 35 ′. The proximal ends 32 ′ are attached to an outer tube 38 ′. Flexible tie strings 40 ′ are secured to a periphery 26 ′ of a filter media 22 ′, and also to the tube 38 ′.
- the tube 38 ′ urges the loops 30 ′ to a closed configuration and ties 40 ′ simultaneously pull on the periphery 26 ′ to urge the filter media 22 ′ to be closed.
- Distal movement of elongated member 12 ′ relative to the tube 38 ′ results in the loops 30 ′ being in the open configuration of FIG. 6 with the filter open.
- the loops 30 ′ present an open volume 28 ′ perpendicular to the elongated member 12 ′ so as not to interfere with blood flow.
- the elongated member 12 ′ has a proximal end 16 ′ and an enlarged distal tip 14 ′.
- FIG. 7 shows another emboli filter 10 ′′ constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
- the filter 10 ′′ has the same construction as the filter 10 of FIGS. 1-5 , except the loops 30 have been replaced with loops 30 ′′ that do not include secondary loops 34 .
- the loops 30 interconnect an outer filter media 22 to an elongated member 12 .
- a collar 37 i.e., a sheath
- the loops 30 ′′ serve the same function as the loops 30
- the filter 10 ′′ operates in the same manner previously described with respect to the filter 10 of FIGS. 1-5 .
Abstract
An emboli filter for deployment in a body lumen to capture emboli entrained in a fluid flowing through the lumen includes a flexible elongated member sized to be passed through the lumen. A filter media is carried on and substantially surrounding the elongated member. The filter media has a first end secured to the elongated member adjacent the distal end. A second end of the filter media has a periphery movable toward and away from the elongated member. Opposing internal surfaces of the filter media define a volume into which emboli may flow through the second end when the periphery is moved away from the elongated member. The emboli are trapped within the volume when the periphery is moved toward the elongated member. An actuator moves the periphery toward and away from the elongated member. The actuator includes a plurality of elastic loops. The loops are biased to an open loop configuration with the loops urging the periphery away from the elongated member. The actuator is adapted to be manipulated by an operator to urge the loops against the bias to a closed position permitting movement of the periphery toward the elongated member without interference from the loops.
Description
- This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 10/336,646, filed Jan. 2, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,125,414 B2, issued Oct. 24, 2004, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/570,659, filed May 15, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,520,978 B1, issued Feb. 18, 2003, the contents of each of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- This invention pertains to a medical apparatus for passage into a body lumen of a patient. More particularly, this invention pertains to an emboli filter for deployment in a patient's body lumen to capture emboli entrained in fluid flowing through the lumen.
- 2. Description of the Prior Art
- There are numerous medical procedures for introducing tools into a patient's body lumen. For example, occlusion treatment tools (such as angioplasty balloon-tipped catheters, stents or ablation catheters) may be admitted into a lumen of an artery to treat an occluded site within the artery. A balloon tipped catheter may be expanded at the site to urge the occlusion against the walls of the artery to improve patency of the arterial lumen. A stent may be expanded at the site to maintain lumen patency. Alternatively, or in combination with other procedures, an ablation tool may be used to mechanical remove the occluding material.
- The manipulation and use of tools within a lumen of a body passage may cause the release of emboli in the lumen. In arteries, such emboli become entrained within blood flow within the artery. Such emboli can contribute to morbidity. For example, emboli can be transported to the brain and contribute to cranial ischemia (stroke). In treating occlusions in coronary arteries, emboli may flow to occlude distal, micro-vessels contributing to myocardial ischemia.
- In order to reduce morbidity associated with emboli, filters have been developed to capture emboli for removal from the lumen. An example of such a filter is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,695,519. Typically, such filters include a filter media carried on an elongated, flexible member. The filter media commonly has an open cell construction with a cell or mesh size of 50-300 micrometers (μm) to capture emboli while permitting fluid (e.g., blood) flow past the filter. The filter media is opened and closed in an umbrella-like fashion. In the open position, the filter media substantially fills the cross-section of the body lumen such that substantially all emboli-laden fluid flow must pass through the filter media. When closed, the filter media captures the emboli and the filter is reduced in size to pass through the lumen for removal.
- Emboli filters should be easy to use and highly flexible to pass through narrow vasculature. The filters should open in a manner atraumatic to the vessel. The filter should open in a manner to accommodate a non-circular cross-section while covering as much as possible of the cross-sectional area of the vessel. Such a filter need not abut the wall of the vessel since fluid flow at the wall is turbulent and emboli-laden flow is spaced from the wall. Preferably the filter media is highly flexible and the filter design permits a long filter to enlarge filter volume.
- An emboli filter is disclosed for deployment in a body lumen to capture emboli entrained in a fluid flowing through the lumen. The filter includes a flexible elongated member sized to be passed through the lumen. A filter media is carried on and substantially surrounds the elongated member. The filter media has a first end secured to the elongated member adjacent the distal end. A second end of the filter media has a periphery movable radially toward and away from the elongated member. Opposing internal surfaces of the filter media define a volume into which emboli may flow through the second end when the periphery is moved away from the elongated member. The emboli are trapped within the volume when the periphery is radially moved toward the elongated member. An actuator moves the periphery radially toward and away from the elongated member. The actuator includes a plurality of elastic loops. The loops are biased to an open loop configuration with the loops urging the periphery radially away from the elongated member. The actuator is adapted to be manipulated by an operator to urge the loops against the bias to a closed position permitting movement of the periphery radially toward the elongated member without interference from the loops.
-
FIG. 1 is a side plan schematic view of an emboli filter according to the present invention being advanced through an artery with a distal end of the filter advanced past an occlusion; -
FIG. 2 is the view ofFIG. 1 with the filter media shown in an open position to trap emboli; -
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a portion of the filter ofFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 4 is a rear and side perspective view of filter media and loop actuator according to the present invention; -
FIG. 5 is the view ofFIG. 2 with the filter media closed to capture trapped emboli and with the filter reduced in size to be retracted from the artery; -
FIG. 6 is a side plan schematic view of an alternative embodiment of an emboli filter according to the present invention with a filter media shown in an open position to trap emboli; and -
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another emboli filter constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. - With reference to the various drawing figures a description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be provided. In the drawings, similar elements are numbered similarly throughout. In alternate embodiments, similar elements are similarly numbered with the addition of a distinguishing apostrophe to distinguish embodiments. Unless modified, such similar elements need not be described more than once. While the present invention could be used in a wide variety of body lumens (with the apparatus of the invention sized with respect to such lumens), the preferred embodiment will be described with reference to an emboli filter for use in a carotid artery.
- With initial reference to
FIGS. 1-5 , anemboli filter 10 is shown deployed in a carotid artery CA having an internal lumen LU partially blocked by an occlusion OC. Blood flow is in the direction of arrow BF inFIG. 1 . InFIG. 1 , the occlusion OC is shown only partially blocking the lumen LU such that blood flows through lumen LU and through the gap GA of the occlusion OC. - The
filter 10 includes a flexible,elongated member 12 having adistal end 14 and aproximal end 16. In the embodiment ofFIGS. 1-5 , theelongated member 12 is shown as a solid wire/mandrel. Of course, theelongated member 12 could also be a tube. A flexible,hollow tube 38 is mounted over theelongated member 12. Thehollow tube 38 is adapted to slide longitudinally relative to the elongated member. Anenlarged collar 37 forms adistal end 39 of thehollow tube 38. Aproximal end 41 of thehollow tube 38 is preferably positioned adjacent to theproximal end 16 of theelongated member 12. In certain embodiments, handles can be attached to one or both of the proximal ends 16 and 41 for allowing a physician to better manipulate thefilter 10. For example, ahandle 20 is shown attached to theproximal end 16 of theelongated member 12. - The
filter 10 also includes afilter media 22 connected to theelongated member 12 adjacent thedistal end 14. In a deployed state (shown inFIG. 2 ), thefilter media 22 has a conical shape coaxial with theelongated member 12. A closedconical tip 24 is secured to theelongated member 12. Proximal toconical tip 24, thefilter media 22 has a peripheryconical base 26. - Opposing surfaces of the
filter media 22 define an internal volume 28 (FIG. 3 ). When thefilter media 22 is in the open position (FIGS. 2, 3 , 4 and 7), theperiphery 26 is spaced from theelongated member 12. Therefore, blood laden with emboli can flow into thevolume 28. Thefilter media 22 is porous or mesh construction such that blood flows through thefilter media 22 with emboli being trapped withvolume 28. After a therapy period, thefilter media 22 is moved to a closed position (FIG. 5 ), with theperiphery 26 drawn toward theelongated member 12 such that the emboli are captured in theclosed volume 28. - The
filter media 22 is flaccid and is held open byloops 30. Each ofloops 30 is preferably identical. Threeloops 30 are shown inFIGS. 2-4 . More or fewer could be used. Theloops 30 are formed of flexible resilient material. A suitable material may be nitinol (a well-known nickel-titanium alloy) or other metal or polymer. Ends 32 (FIG. 3 ) of theloops 30 are secured to theelongated member 12 with theloops 30 circumferentially spaced about theelongated member 12. - The
loops 30 present a cloverleaf-shape such that theloops 30 have asecondary loop 34 at the top of eachloop 30. Thesecondary loops 34 are a convenient attachment location for securing theloops 30 to theperiphery 26 bysutures 36 or any other suitable fastening or adhering means. The cloverleaf-shape also provides a good balance of radial force against the artery CA. - The
loops 30 are resiliently biased to open radially outwardly such that the loops are open in a plane perpendicular to theelongated member 12 when theloops 30 are in an open configuration. Eachloop 30 is resiliently flexible independent of a remainder of theloops 30. Therefore, in an open configuration, theloops 30 can readily accommodate a non-circular interior diameter. - The
loops 30 are movable against their bias to a closed configuration with the loops against theelongated member 12. When so moved, theloops 30 draw theperiphery 26 toward theelongated member 12 to the closed position ofFIGS. 1 and 5 . When in the closed position ofFIGS. 1 and 5 , theperiphery 26 of thefilter media 22 is housed or contained within thecollar 37. Thus, thecollar 37 prevents theperiphery 26 from expanding radially outward. Thefilter media 22 is opened and closed by longitudinally sliding theelongated member 12 and thetube 38 relative to one another. For example, when thetube 38 is held stationary while the elongated member is pulled proximally, thecollar 37 urges theloops 30 against their bias from the open loop configuration toward the closed loop configuration. By contrast, theperiphery 26 of thefilter media 22 can be released from thecollar 37 by holding thetube 38 stationary while pushing the elongated member in a distal direction. - In the closed state (
FIGS. 1 and 5 ), the emboli filter 10 is sized to pass through gap GA to position thefilter media 22 distal to an obstruction OC. Typically, thefilter 10 will be positioned by inserting thedistal tip 14 in a blood vessel through an incision, and then by manipulating theproximal end 16 to advance thetip 14 through the vasculature to the occlusion OC. Preferably, during the insertion process, theouter tube 38 and theelongated member 12 are moved together as one unit. Once thefilter media 22 is positioned distal to the obstruction OC, the physician pushes theelongated member 12 distally relative to the collar to releaseloops 30 and open the filter media 22 (FIG. 2 ). Though desirable, theperiphery 26 of thefilter media 22 need not fully seat against the interior wall of the carotid artery CA. Fluid flow at the wall is turbulent and most emboli are carried in blood flow closer to the center of the lumen LU. Preferably, adistal portion 15 of theelongated member 12 is highly flexible to avoid trauma as thefilter 10 is advanced. - After the
filter media 22 is opened, thetube 38 can be removed from theelongated member 12 and a balloon angioplasty device can be slid over themember 12 and used to compress the occlusion OC against the lumen wall to provide an enlarged gap GA′. Thereafter, astent 50 can be used to maintain the enlarged gap GA′. Such treatment may release emboli which are captured in thefilter volume 28 while blood is permitted to pass through thefilter media 22. When the therapy is complete, thetube 38 is re-inserted over theelongated member 12, and theelongated member 12 is pulled proximally relative to thecollar 37 of thetube 38 to close thefilter media 22. By closing thefilter media 22, emboli are captured in theclosed volume 28 and the size of thefilter 22 is reduced so it can be pulled through the enlarged gap GA′ (FIG. 5 ) and out of the carotid artery CA. - As described above, the
filter media 22 is opened and closed by movingelongated member 12 distally and proximally relative to the tube 38 (and the attached collar 37). Alternatively, the filter media can be opened and closed by moving thetube 38 distally and proximally, respectively, relative to theelongated member 12. Further, thetube 38 and theelongated member 12 can also be concurrently moved in opposite directions to open and close thefilter media 22. -
FIG. 6 shows analternative embodiment 10′ havingloops 30′ that are not cloverleaf-shaped. Instead, theloops 30′ have proximal ends 32′ and distal ends 33′. The distal ends 33′ are secured to anelongated member 12′ by anattachment hub 35′. The proximal ends 32′ are attached to anouter tube 38′. Flexible tie strings 40′ are secured to aperiphery 26′ of afilter media 22′, and also to thetube 38′. - As
tube 38′ is moved proximally relative to theelongated member 12′, thetube 38′ urges theloops 30′ to a closed configuration andties 40′ simultaneously pull on theperiphery 26′ to urge thefilter media 22′ to be closed. Distal movement ofelongated member 12′ relative to thetube 38′ results in theloops 30′ being in the open configuration ofFIG. 6 with the filter open. Again, as in the previous embodiment, theloops 30′ present anopen volume 28′ perpendicular to theelongated member 12′ so as not to interfere with blood flow. As shown inFIG. 6 , theelongated member 12′ has aproximal end 16′ and an enlargeddistal tip 14′. -
FIG. 7 shows another emboli filter 10″ constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Thefilter 10″ has the same construction as thefilter 10 ofFIGS. 1-5 , except theloops 30 have been replaced withloops 30″ that do not includesecondary loops 34. Theloops 30 interconnect anouter filter media 22 to anelongated member 12. A collar 37 (i.e., a sheath) is provided for retracting or collapsing thefilter media 22. It will be appreciated that theloops 30″ serve the same function as theloops 30, and thefilter 10″ operates in the same manner previously described with respect to thefilter 10 ofFIGS. 1-5 . - From the foregoing, the present invention has been disclosed in a preferred embodiment. It is intended that modifications and equivalents of the disclosed concepts, such as those which readily occur to one of skill in the art shall be included within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A method of filtering emboli in a body lumen comprising:
providing a filter carried on a flexible elongated member sized to pass through the lumen, the filter having a filter media movable between an expanded position and a collapsed position and a plurality of resilient loops for moving the filter media from the collapsed position to the expanded position, the loops being spaced about a circumference of the elongated member and projecting radially outwardly from the elongated member when the filter media is in the expanded position, the loops including circumferentially adjacent loops, the circumferentially adjacent loops having portions that overlap when the filter media is in the expanded position, and wherein when the loops are in an open configuration, the loops define a plane and the plane is perpendicular to the elongated member;
advancing the filter through the body lumen while the filter media is in the collapsed position;
expanding the filter media in the body lumen from the collapsed position to the expanded position; and
filtering emboli from fluid flowing through the body lumen with the filter while the filter media is in the expanded position.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the loops are arranged in a symmetrical configuration about the elongated member.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filter media includes first and second ends spaced-apart along the elongated member, the first end being connected to the elongated member and the second end including a periphery that surrounds the elongated member, the periphery being configured to move radially away from the elongated member when the filter media is moved from the collapsed position to the expanded position, and the loops being connected to the second end of the filter media.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filter media has a generally conical configuration when in the expanded position.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein each loop is resiliently flexible independent of a remainder of the loops.
6. A method of filtering emboli in a body lumen comprising:
providing a filter carried on a flexible elongated member sized to pass through the lumen, the filter having a filter media movable between an expanded position and a collapsed position, the filter media including an open end and a closed end when in the expanded position, the filter further having a plurality of resilient loops for moving the filter media from the collapsed position to the expanded position, the loops being connected to the open end of the filter media at connection locations, each loop including first and second loop segments that extend from the connection location to the elongated body, the first and second loop segments of each loop extending across the open end of the filter media when the filter media is in the expanded position, the loops being spaced about a circumference of the elongated member when the filter media is in the expanded position, the loops including circumferentially adjacent loops, the circumferentially adjacent loops having loop segments that overlap when the filter media is in the expanded position, and wherein when the loops are in an open configuration, the loops define a plane and the plane is perpendicular to the elongated member;
advancing the filter through the body lumen while the filter media is in the collapsed position;
expanding the filter media in the body lumen from the collapsed position to the expanded position; and
filtering emboli from fluid flowing through the body lumen with the filter while the filter media is in the expanded position.
7. A method of filtering emboli in a body lumen comprising:
providing a filter carried on a flexible elongated member sized to pass through the lumen, the filter having a filter media movable between an expanded position and a collapsed position and a plurality of resilient loop structures for moving the filter media from the collapsed position to the expanded position, each loop structure including a primary loop and a secondary loop located within the primary loop, and wherein when the plurality of resilient loop structures are in an open configuration, the plurality of resilient loop structures define a plane and the plane is perpendicular to the elongated member;
advancing the filter through the body lumen while the filter media is in the collapsed position;
expanding the filter media in the body lumen from the collapsed position to the expanded position; and
filtering emboli from fluid flowing through the body lumen with the filter while the filter media is in the expanded position.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the filter media is attached to each loop structure at the secondary loop.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the loop structures are spaced about a circumference of the elongated member and extend radially from the elongated member to the filter media.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein each loop structure is flexible independent of a remainder of the loop structures.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/585,645 US20070038242A1 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2006-10-24 | Emboli filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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US09/570,659 US6520978B1 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2000-05-15 | Emboli filter |
US10/336,646 US7125414B2 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2003-01-02 | Emboli filter |
US11/585,645 US20070038242A1 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2006-10-24 | Emboli filter |
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US10/336,646 Continuation US7125414B2 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2003-01-02 | Emboli filter |
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US11/585,645 Abandoned US20070038242A1 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2006-10-24 | Emboli filter |
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US10/336,646 Expired - Lifetime US7125414B2 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2003-01-02 | Emboli filter |
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AU (1) | AU2001259659A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001087183A2 (en) |
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US6214026B1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-04-10 | Incept Llc | Delivery system for a vascular device with articulation region |
US6203561B1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-03-20 | Incept Llc | Integrated vascular device having thrombectomy element and vascular filter and methods of use |
US6179861B1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-01-30 | Incept Llc | Vascular device having one or more articulation regions and methods of use |
US6371970B1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2002-04-16 | Incept Llc | Vascular filter having articulation region and methods of use in the ascending aorta |
US6129739A (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2000-10-10 | Incept Llc | Vascular device having one or more articulation regions and methods of use |
US6346116B1 (en) * | 1999-08-03 | 2002-02-12 | Medtronic Ave, Inc. | Distal protection device |
US20020026211A1 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2002-02-28 | Farhad Khosravi | Vascular device having emboli and thrombus removal element and methods of use |
US6520978B1 (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2003-02-18 | Intratherapeutics, Inc. | Emboli filter |
US20020055747A1 (en) * | 2000-11-09 | 2002-05-09 | Metamorphic Surgical Devices, Llc | Apparatus for capturing objects beyond an operative site utilizing a capture device delivered on a medical guide wire |
US20020095170A1 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2002-07-18 | Krolik Jeff A. | Systems and methods for vascular filter retrieval |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20030125765A1 (en) | 2003-07-03 |
WO2001087183A3 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
AU2001259659A1 (en) | 2001-11-26 |
WO2001087183A2 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
US7125414B2 (en) | 2006-10-24 |
US6520978B1 (en) | 2003-02-18 |
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