US20070043364A1 - Spinal correction system with multi-stage locking mechanism - Google Patents

Spinal correction system with multi-stage locking mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070043364A1
US20070043364A1 US11/455,419 US45541906A US2007043364A1 US 20070043364 A1 US20070043364 A1 US 20070043364A1 US 45541906 A US45541906 A US 45541906A US 2007043364 A1 US2007043364 A1 US 2007043364A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
head
cap
rod
screw
receive
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US11/455,419
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Trace Cawley
John Pepper
Doris Blake
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US11/455,419 priority Critical patent/US20070043364A1/en
Publication of US20070043364A1 publication Critical patent/US20070043364A1/en
Priority to US12/876,975 priority patent/US9119673B2/en
Assigned to KARL KIPKE, AS COLLATERAL AGENT reassignment KARL KIPKE, AS COLLATERAL AGENT SECURITY AGREEMENT Assignors: AMEDICA CORPORATION
Assigned to AMEDICA CORPORATION reassignment AMEDICA CORPORATION RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KARL KIPKE
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032—Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7035—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
    • A61B17/7037—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other wherein pivoting is blocked when the rod is clamped
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7035—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to spinal correction and, in particular, to a system incorporating a multi-stage locking mechanism.
  • a spinal correction device adapted for use with a rod and a polyaxial screw having a ball-shaped head and a threaded end, comprises a head-body and a cap.
  • the head-body includes a lower internal cavity to receive the ball-shaped head of the screw, an upper bore to receive a fixation rod therethrough, and an upper end configured to receive the cap.
  • the head-body and the cap are configured such that a first rotation of the cap locks the polyaxial screw in position, and a second rotation of the cap locks the rod in position.
  • the head-body includes one or more gaps to facilitate flexion of the head-body as a rotational torque is placed on the cap.
  • the gap or gaps may be horizontal, vertical or other angles relative to the axis of the entrapped rod. With appropriate selection of materials and cross-section, sufficient “flexion” may be established without the need for gaps.
  • Tapered threads may be used on the head-body and/or cap to achieve subsequent tightening of the polyaxial screw and rod to a continuous rotational movement.
  • An optional compression-enhancing bushing may be disposed between the rod and the ball-shaped head of the screw.
  • FIG. 1 is a drawing that shows a cross-section of a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an oblique view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a drawing that shows a cross-section of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an oblique view of the embodiment of FIG. 3 ;
  • FIG. 5A is a bottom-up drawing of caps 112 , 312 ;
  • FIG. 5B is an oblique, partial cross-sectional view of caps 112 , 312 ;
  • FIGURE SC is a side cross sectional view of caps 112 , 312 .
  • this invention resides in a rod fixation system to treat various spinal conditions, wherein the same fastener is used to lock both a polyaxial screw and a rod in position.
  • the invention is described in conjunction with rod fixation, extensions to rod and plate or plate-only configurations are possible.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show from a cross-section and oblique view, respectively, a first preferred embodiment of the invention utilizing three primary components, namely, a head-body 102 , a polyaxial screw 104 , and a cap 112 (not shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • the polyaxial screw 104 includes a proximal hemispherical head 106 and a distal threaded portion 108 .
  • the ball portion of the screw includes some type of turning aperture, such as hex depression 107 .
  • the screw 104 is held in position within the head-body 102 through bushing 120 and fastener 122 , facilitating assembly from the bottom.
  • the fastener 122 may be threaded, press fit or otherwise secured in position.
  • hemispherical portion 106 of the polyaxial screw 104 is a partially cylindrical passage to receive a rod 114 . Note the gap 116 formed within the head-body 102 internally to the head-body, and around the upper portion of the spherical head 106 of screw 104 .
  • a first rotation of the cap 112 locks the polyaxial screw in position, while allowing the rod a slight degree of movement.
  • the rod is then locked in position, forming a rigid, unified structure.
  • the polyaxial screw is screwed into position using a hex driver 107 with the screw 104 aligned the head-body 102 , after which time the hex driver is removed, allowing the head-body to swivel and the rod 114 to be placed through the head-body.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the invention, utilizing four basic components, namely, those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 with slight variation, and further including a bushing 330 having a slot 332 which aligns with a slot 336 formed through head-body 302 .
  • Polyaxial screw is shown at 304 , having a proximal at least semi-spherical head 306 .
  • the rod 314 is shown in phantom.
  • the head-body 302 includes an upper portion 310 adapted to receive cap 312 as discussed previously.
  • the operation of the alternative embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4 is essentially the same as that of FIGS. 1 and 2 , namely, that through a first rotational torque on cap 312 , the polyaxial screw 304 is held in relative angular position with respect to head-body 302 , such that with a subsequent torque applied to cap 312 , rod 314 is locked in position.
  • the purpose of bushing 330 is to provide additional compressive strength without the need for as much rotational torque as might be required in the preferred embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • FIG. 5A is a bottom-up drawing of caps 112 , 312 .
  • FIG. 5B is an oblique, partial cross-sectional view of caps 112 , 312
  • Figure SC is a side cross section. Note that due to the geometries involved, a first rotational torque through a predetermined angle, such as 90 degrees, causes the polyaxial screw to be locked in position, and that a subsequent rotational torque of an additional one-quarter turn of the rod to be locked in position.
  • a predetermined angle such as 90 degrees
  • tapered threads may be used on the head-body and/or cap to achieve subsequent tightening of the polyaxial screw and rod to a continuous rotational movement.
  • gaps are shown in the head-body as being horizontal and vertical, mixtures of these and angles other than horizontal and vertical may be used and, indeed, with appropriate selection of materials and cross-section, sufficient “flexion” may be established without the need for gaps.
  • the assemblies described may be formed from any bio-compatible sufficiently strong materials, such as chrome, cobalt or other alloys, ceramics or combinations thereof.

Abstract

In a rod fixation system of the type used to treat various spinal conditions, the same fastener is used to lock both a polyaxial screw and a rod in position. A spinal correction device according to the invention, adapted for use with a rod and a polyaxial screw having a ball-shaped head and a threaded end, comprises a head-body and a cap. The head-body includes a lower internal cavity to receive the ball-shaped head of the screw, an upper bore to receive a fixation rod therethrough, and an upper end configured to receive the cap. The head-body and the cap are configured such that a first rotation of the cap locks the polyaxial screw in position, and a second rotation of the cap locks the rod in position. In the preferred embodiment, the head-body includes one or more gaps to facilitate flexion of the head-body as a rotational torque is placed on the cap. The gap or gaps may be horizontal, vertical or other angles relative to the axis of the entrapped rod.

Description

    REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
  • This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/691,708, filed Jun. 17, 2005, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
    • FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • This invention relates generally to spinal correction and, in particular, to a system incorporating a multi-stage locking mechanism.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • There are many spine-related conditions, such as scoliosis, which require multi-level correction/fixation. Numerous plate and rod systems are available for this purpose, many of which have received patent protection. One of the deficiencies with existing systems, however, is that the mechanism used to lock the polyaxial screw is different from the mechanism used to lock the rod, thereby requiring additional parts and less manageable installation steps.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • Broadly, this invention resides in a rod fixation system to treat various spinal conditions, wherein the same fastener is used to lock both a polyaxial screw and a rod in position. A spinal correction device according to the invention, adapted for use with a rod and a polyaxial screw having a ball-shaped head and a threaded end, comprises a head-body and a cap. The head-body includes a lower internal cavity to receive the ball-shaped head of the screw, an upper bore to receive a fixation rod therethrough, and an upper end configured to receive the cap. The head-body and the cap are configured such that a first rotation of the cap locks the polyaxial screw in position, and a second rotation of the cap locks the rod in position.
  • In the preferred embodiment, the head-body includes one or more gaps to facilitate flexion of the head-body as a rotational torque is placed on the cap. The gap or gaps may be horizontal, vertical or other angles relative to the axis of the entrapped rod. With appropriate selection of materials and cross-section, sufficient “flexion” may be established without the need for gaps.
  • Tapered threads may be used on the head-body and/or cap to achieve subsequent tightening of the polyaxial screw and rod to a continuous rotational movement. An optional compression-enhancing bushing may be disposed between the rod and the ball-shaped head of the screw. Although the invention is described in conjunction with rod fixation, extensions to rod and plate or plate-only configurations are possible.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a drawing that shows a cross-section of a preferred embodiment of the invention;
  • FIG. 2 is an oblique view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a drawing that shows a cross-section of an alternative embodiment of the invention;
  • FIG. 4 is an oblique view of the embodiment of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5A is a bottom-up drawing of caps 112, 312;
  • FIG. 5B is an oblique, partial cross-sectional view of caps 112, 312; and
  • FIGURE SC is a side cross sectional view of caps 112, 312.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • Broadly, this invention resides in a rod fixation system to treat various spinal conditions, wherein the same fastener is used to lock both a polyaxial screw and a rod in position. Although the invention is described in conjunction with rod fixation, extensions to rod and plate or plate-only configurations are possible.
  • Reference is now made to FIGS. 1 and 2, which show from a cross-section and oblique view, respectively, a first preferred embodiment of the invention utilizing three primary components, namely, a head-body 102, a polyaxial screw 104, and a cap 112 (not shown in FIG. 1). The polyaxial screw 104 includes a proximal hemispherical head 106 and a distal threaded portion 108. The ball portion of the screw includes some type of turning aperture, such as hex depression 107. The screw 104 is held in position within the head-body 102 through bushing 120 and fastener 122, facilitating assembly from the bottom. The fastener 122 may be threaded, press fit or otherwise secured in position.
  • Above the hemispherical portion 106 of the polyaxial screw 104, is a partially cylindrical passage to receive a rod 114. Note the gap 116 formed within the head-body 102 internally to the head-body, and around the upper portion of the spherical head 106 of screw 104.
  • Broadly according to the invention, when cap 112 is placed onto the head-body 102, a first rotation of the cap 112 locks the polyaxial screw in position, while allowing the rod a slight degree of movement. However, with further rotational force applied to the cap 112, the rod is then locked in position, forming a rigid, unified structure. The polyaxial screw is screwed into position using a hex driver 107 with the screw 104 aligned the head-body 102, after which time the hex driver is removed, allowing the head-body to swivel and the rod 114 to be placed through the head-body.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the invention, utilizing four basic components, namely, those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 with slight variation, and further including a bushing 330 having a slot 332 which aligns with a slot 336 formed through head-body 302. Polyaxial screw is shown at 304, having a proximal at least semi-spherical head 306. The rod 314 is shown in phantom.
  • The head-body 302 includes an upper portion 310 adapted to receive cap 312 as discussed previously. The operation of the alternative embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4 is essentially the same as that of FIGS. 1 and 2, namely, that through a first rotational torque on cap 312, the polyaxial screw 304 is held in relative angular position with respect to head-body 302, such that with a subsequent torque applied to cap 312, rod 314 is locked in position. The purpose of bushing 330 is to provide additional compressive strength without the need for as much rotational torque as might be required in the preferred embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 5A is a bottom-up drawing of caps 112, 312. FIG. 5B is an oblique, partial cross-sectional view of caps 112, 312, and Figure SC is a side cross section. Note that due to the geometries involved, a first rotational torque through a predetermined angle, such as 90 degrees, causes the polyaxial screw to be locked in position, and that a subsequent rotational torque of an additional one-quarter turn of the rod to be locked in position.
  • Those of skill in the art will appreciate that as an alternative to a geometric relationship of the type just described, tapered threads may be used on the head-body and/or cap to achieve subsequent tightening of the polyaxial screw and rod to a continuous rotational movement. Additionally, although gaps are shown in the head-body as being horizontal and vertical, mixtures of these and angles other than horizontal and vertical may be used and, indeed, with appropriate selection of materials and cross-section, sufficient “flexion” may be established without the need for gaps. In terms of materials, the assemblies described may be formed from any bio-compatible sufficiently strong materials, such as chrome, cobalt or other alloys, ceramics or combinations thereof.

Claims (9)

1. A spinal correction device adapted for use with a rod and a polyaxial screw having a ball-shaped head and a threaded end, the device comprising:
a head-body and a cap, the head-body having a lower internal cavity to receive the ball-shaped head of the screw, an upper bore to receive a fixation rod therethrough, and an upper end configured to receive the cap; and
wherein the head-body and the cap are configured such that:
a first rotation of the cap locks the polyaxial screw in position, and
a second rotation of the cap locks the rod in position.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the head-body includes one or more gaps to facilitate flexion of the head-body as a rotational torque is placed on the cap.
3. The device of claim 1, further including a compression-enhancing bushing disposed between the rod and the ball-shaped head of the screw.
4. A spinal correction device adapted for use with a fixation rod, comprising:
a polyaxial screw having a ball-shaped head and a threaded end;
a head-body and a cap, the head-body having a lower internal cavity to receive the ball-shaped head of the screw, an upper bore to receive the fixation rod therethrough, and an upper end configured to receive the cap; and
wherein the head-body and the cap are configured such that:
a first rotation of the cap locks the polyaxial screw in position, and
a second rotation of the cap locks the rod in position.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein the head-body includes one or more gaps to facilitate flexion of the head-body as a rotational torque is placed on the cap.
6. The device of claim 4, further including a compression-enhancing bushing disposed between the rod and the ball-shaped head of the screw.
7. A spinal correction device, comprising:
a fixation rod;
a polyaxial screw having a ball-shaped head and a threaded end;
a head-body and a cap, the head-body having a lower internal cavity to receive the ball-shaped head of the screw, an upper bore to receive the fixation rod therethrough, and an upper end configured to receive the cap; and
wherein the head-body and the cap are configured such that:
a first rotation of the cap locks the polyaxial screw in position, and
a second rotation of the cap locks the rod in position.
8. The device of claim 7, wherein the head-body includes one or more gaps to facilitate flexion of the head-body as a rotational torque is placed on the cap.
9. The device of claim 7, further including a compression-enhancing bushing disposed between the rod and the ball-shaped head of the screw.
US11/455,419 2005-06-17 2006-06-19 Spinal correction system with multi-stage locking mechanism Abandoned US20070043364A1 (en)

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US11/455,419 US20070043364A1 (en) 2005-06-17 2006-06-19 Spinal correction system with multi-stage locking mechanism
US12/876,975 US9119673B2 (en) 2005-06-17 2010-09-07 Spinal correction system with multi-stage locking mechanism

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US69170805P 2005-06-17 2005-06-17
US11/455,419 US20070043364A1 (en) 2005-06-17 2006-06-19 Spinal correction system with multi-stage locking mechanism

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