US20070074464A1 - Systems and methods of constructing, assembling, and moving modular washrooms - Google Patents
Systems and methods of constructing, assembling, and moving modular washrooms Download PDFInfo
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- US20070074464A1 US20070074464A1 US11/530,396 US53039606A US2007074464A1 US 20070074464 A1 US20070074464 A1 US 20070074464A1 US 53039606 A US53039606 A US 53039606A US 2007074464 A1 US2007074464 A1 US 2007074464A1
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- washroom
- walls
- wall
- modular
- members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
- E04H1/125—Small buildings, arranged in other buildings
- E04H1/1266—Cubicles for dressing; Toilets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
- E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
- E03C1/01—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks for combinations of baths, showers, sinks, wash-basins, closets, urinals, or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D9/00—Sanitary or other accessories for lavatories ; Devices for cleaning or disinfecting the toilet room or the toilet bowl; Devices for eliminating smells
- E03D9/04—Special arrangement or operation of ventilating devices
Definitions
- This invention relates to systems and methods of constructing, assembling, and moving modular washrooms.
- washrooms are often constructed.
- the washrooms are not assembled until after the building structure is complete and, therefore, completion of the washrooms often extends past a time when the remaining building structure is usable.
- construction of a washroom may delay opening of a new business in an otherwise usable building unit.
- washrooms are provided in a predetermined location that is not changeable by the tenant prior to completion of the building project. Accordingly, if the tenant desires to relocate the washroom, the washroom is removed and a new washroom is built in the desired location.
- the typical cycle time for construction (or re-location) of a washroom is approximately 2 to 4 weeks or longer.
- the owner and tenants typically are delayed at least a few weeks before they can occupy the building units. These delays can cause a significant revenue loss for the developer and the tenants.
- Systems and methods for quickly constructing and/or moving washrooms are desired.
- ICC-ES ICC Evaluation Service
- ICC-ES is one entity that is commonly used for evaluating building products for compliance with code such as local, city, county or state building codes, for example.
- reports may be issued indicating whether the washroom complies with building codes and these reports may be used to prove that the washroom meets any relevant code requirements.
- a building structure which may comprise multiple building units, such as separate stores in a strip mall, has been constructed, the washrooms are built in all, or some, of the building units and then the washroom is inspected to ensure that it is in compliance with any relevant building codes.
- washroom means a building structure, including a building structure comprising one or more of a sink, a toilet, and a shower; and building structures such as dressing rooms, for example, that do not include sinks, toilets, or showers.
- An improved washroom referred to herein as a “modular washroom” will be described with respect to the drawings.
- assembly time of a modular washroom may be reduced when compared to assembly time of a conventional washroom.
- a modular washroom may be more easily and quickly moveable than a conventional washroom and furthermore, a modular washroom comprises components that receive compliance certification prior to installation into a building structure so that delays caused by inspectors or repairs made to bring a washroom into compliance with the relevant building code are reduced or eliminated.
- a modular washroom is configured for assembly within a framed building having a first height and a foundation with water and sewer lines being formed within the foundation.
- the washroom assembly comprises a plurality of wall members each having an interior side, an exterior side, a first lateral edge, a second lateral edge, and internal framing interposed between the interior and exterior sides such that the plurality of wall members have a thickness based at least in part on the internal framing wherein the plurality of wall members are of a second height that is less than the first height, a plurality of fittings positioned within the wall members adapted to couple washroom fixtures mounted on the plurality of wall members to the water and sewer lines formed in the foundation.
- water lines in the building structure are overhead such that the water lines are lowered into the modular washroom from above the wall members.
- the modular washroom may further comprise a plurality of coupling members each having first and second legs that are interconnected with each other so that when two of the plurality of wall members are positioned such that the lateral edges are adjacent each other with the wall members extending in substantially perpendicular directions to each other, the first and second leg of the coupling members respectively engage with the two adjacent wall members along the thickness dimension of the two adjacent wall members so as to retain the adjacent wall members in position with respect to each other.
- the modular washroom may additionally comprise a plurality of cover members each having first and second legs, wherein the plurality of cover members are mounted on the exterior sides of the two adjacent wall members that are positioned adjacent to each other so as to define a generally right angle interconnection between the exterior sides of the wall members and at least partially hide from sight the plurality of coupling members.
- a modular washroom kit comprises a plurality of walls configured for assembly at a strip mall, the plurality of walls comprising at least a first wall comprising an attachment mechanism for coupling a sink to the first wall, the first wall further comprising plumbing within the first wall configured for coupling to a water source at the strip mall, and a second wall comprising electrical wires within the second wall and an electrical outlet on the second wall.
- the kit further comprises a plurality of substantially L-shaped brackets for attaching pairs of walls together at the strip mall, wherein an ICC-ES inspection certification for the modular washroom kit is issued prior to shipment of the kit to the strip mall for assembly.
- the ICC-ES inspection certification is issued in response to a self-inspection by the fabricator of the modular washroom kit, wherein the self-inspection is according to the inspection criteria provided by ICC-ES.
- a method of assembling a modular washroom comprising a plurality of walls and at least one of the walls comprises a fixture attached to the wall, comprising placing at least two walls of the modular restroom in a desired location within a building structure, the at least two walls having supports coupled near an upper end of the walls for supporting a ceiling, positioning the ceiling above the supports, and lowering the ceiling so that the ceiling is supported by the supports.
- a method of constructing components of a modular washroom comprises (a) constructing at a manufacturing facility a plurality of walls of a modular restroom, wherein at least one of the walls comprises HVAC components within the wall and at least one of the walls comprises a fixture attached to the wall, the walls being configured for assembly at a building location remote to the manufacturing facility, (b) presenting the constructed walls to an inspector at the manufacturing facility, (c) obtaining an inspection certification for the constructed walls from the inspector after inspection of the constructed walls at the manufacturing facility, and (d) combining the constructed walls into a kit for sale to a customer, wherein the kit comprises the plurality of walls and coupling devices for securing the plurality of walls in order to form a modular washroom.
- the inspector is employed by the fabricator of the modular washroom, such that the inspection certification results from a self-inspection of the constructed walls.
- the inspector inspects the constructed walls in accordance to inspection criteria provided by ICC-ES.
- a method of coupling adjacent walls of a modular washroom comprises positioning a first substantially rectangular wall comprising a front surface and a rear surface separated by a first thickness, the first wall further comprising a left side and right side each between the front and rear surface and having widths equal to the first thickness, positioning a second substantially rectangular wall comprising a second front surface and a second rear surface separated by a second thickness, the second wall further comprising a second left side and a second right side each between the second front and rear surfaces and having widths equal to the second thickness, the second wall being positioned so that the second right side contacts the left side of the first wall so that the first and second walls are substantially perpendicular to one another and so that the second right side and the left side are at least partially exposed, and coupling at least one bracket to the exposed portions of the second right side and the left side so that the first and second walls are attached.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of components of an exemplary modular washroom.
- FIG. 2 is a top view of an assembled modular washroom.
- FIG. 2A is a top view of another assembled modular washroom.
- FIG. 2B is first cross-sectional side view of the assembled modular washroom of FIG. 2A .
- FIG. 2C is a second cross-sectional side view of the assembled modular washroom of FIG. 2A .
- FIG. 3 is a top view diagram of a multiple unit structure, such as a strip mall, where each of the building units comprises at least one modular washroom.
- FIG. 4 is a top view diagram of the multiple unit structure of FIG. 3 , where the modular washrooms in two building units have been moved to alternate locations within the respective building units.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of a washroom with the ceiling positioned above the washroom.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of the washroom of FIG. 4 with the ceiling lowered onto the supports within the washroom.
- FIG. 7 is a top view of the washroom of FIG. 4 , wherein the brackets are shown attached to the walls such that the brackets are configured to support a ceiling that is lowered into the washroom.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of components of an exemplary modular washroom.
- FIG. 1 illustrates multiple walls 110 A- 110 D, where some of the walls include fittings for installing fixtures 120 A- 120 C to the walls 110 .
- FIG. 1 illustrates a toilet 120 A that may be attached to a water valve installed in wall 110 A, a sink 120 B that may be attached to water and sewage valves on wall 110 B, and other fixtures 120 C, such as shelves, hand dryers, and paper towel dispenser, for example, that are configured for installation on wall 110 C.
- a single wall may comprise fittings for coupling the toilet 120 A and the sink 120 B to a water source, such as an overhead water line that drops down into the modular washroom.
- a water source such as an overhead water line that drops down into the modular washroom.
- the overhead water line may couple with water lines positioned inside one of the walls.
- certain of the fixtures are installed on a wall 110 prior to shipment to the install site.
- the walls 110 for a specific modular washroom may include fewer or additional fittings for support fixtures 120 on the walls 110 and/or coupling the fixtures to water, plumbing, and electrical sources.
- the walls 110 A, 110 B comprise plumbing within the wall that is configured for attachment to a water source and/or sewage drain in a building unit in which the modular washroom is assembled.
- HVAC tubing such as for air conditioning, heating, and electrical wiring may be preinstalled in one or more of the walls 110 .
- vents for delivering air conditioning and heating, and electrical outlets, for example may also be preinstalled in one or more of the walls 110 . Accordingly, due to the preinstallation of plumbing and HVAC tubing, fixtures, and vents into the walls of the modular washroom, time required to construct the modular washroom at an installation site may be reduced. Therefore, modular washroom 110 may be economically valuable due to its reduced time-to-occupancy for leased space.
- the fixtures 120 are coupled to the walls 110 prior to shipment to the building unit in which the modular washroom is to be assembled. In this embodiment, the time required to assemble the washroom may be reduced as the proper attachment of the fixtures and coupling to water sources and drains to the walls has already been done. In other embodiments, some of the fixtures 120 are not coupled to the walls 110 when received by a purchaser, but the walls 110 may include attachment mechanisms that allow for easy attachment of the fixtures 120 to the walls 110 . In one embodiment, such as the wall 110 D, for example, comprises a door.
- FIG. 1 also illustrates an exemplary bracket 130 , wherein a top view of the bracket 130 is illustrated as bracket 130 A and a side perspective view of the bracket is illustrated as bracket 130 B.
- the walls 110 of the modular washroom 100 each include a steel or wooden frame covered with a coating such as gypsum board or particle board, for example.
- the walls 110 are secured using brackets, such as bracket 103 , that are installed on the outside edges of the walls 110 .
- FIG. 2 which illustrates a top view of an assembled modular washroom 200 , illustrates the position of the brackets 130 on an assembled modular washroom.
- the bracket 130 comprises multiple holes 132 for receiving attachment devices, such as nails or screws, for example.
- the bracket 130 is from one to six inches long, or longer. In one embodiment, the bracket 130 is about three inches long.
- two adjacent walls of a modular washroom may be coupled using one or more of the brackets 130 , or other similar brackets.
- multiple brackets 130 are placed on the junction of each pair of walls 110 , such as an upper bracket 130 , a middle bracket 130 , and a lower bracket 130 .
- the brackets 130 provide an external attachment means for the walls 110 of the modular washroom 100 , 200 so that the walls 110 may be detached from one another without destroying portions of the walls 110 .
- the external joining bracket advantageously may be easily removed, such as by removing screws or nails that are attached to the walls through the holes 132 of the brackets, the walls may be separated, and the modular washroom may be moved and re-assembled at another location.
- attachment screws or bolts do not need to extend through a thickness of one or more of the walls as would be done in typical construction, because the bracket 130 may be placed directly on adjoining walls.
- walls having the same dimensions may be mass produced and, when used with the brackets 130 , form a square, rectangular, or any other polygonal shaped, washroom.
- the components of the modular washroom are inspected prior to installation of the modular washroom at a desired building unit.
- a third party inspector that is certified by ICC-ES may visit the manufacturing facility where the walls 110 are fabricated, conduct an inspection of the components of the walls, including fixtures attached to the walls and wiring and vents within the walls, and provide a certification certificate to the manufacturer.
- certification may be complete before the walls are shipped to the building site, greatly reducing or eliminating the likelihood of inspection delays or compliance changes related to the washroom.
- Modular washrooms similar to the exemplary modular washroom 200 , may be installed in shopping centers, community centers, power centers, enclosed malls, tilt-up construction, strip malls, temporary “tent” facilities, gas stations, and convenience stores, for example.
- FIG. 2 is a top view diagram of an assembled modular washroom 200 , where the modular washroom comprises components illustrated in FIG. 1 .
- each pair of adjacent walls 110 such as walls 110 A and 110 B, for example, are coupled with one or more of the L-shaped brackets 130 that hold the walls in position with respect to one another.
- three brackets 130 are placed between the junction of two walls 110 and secured to the two walls 110 , such as walls 110 A and 110 C, in order to hold the walls 110 A, 110 C in place.
- the joint between walls 110 B and 110 D also includes a corner cover 210 , which covers the exposed bracket 130 .
- the corner cover 210 may be secured to the walls by any means, such as screws or glue, and may be easily removable so that the joining brackets 130 may be accessed.
- the corner cover extends along an entire height of adjoining walls 110 .
- the corner cover 210 may advantageously cover the opening between adjoining walls 110 and provide an ornamental cover on the corners of the modular washroom. Multiple styles and designs of covers 210 are contemplated and any suitable cover may be used in conjunction with the modular washroom described herein.
- the modular washroom 200 is advantageously assembled with brackets 130 that are accessible on the outside of the modular washroom 200 without destruction of the walls 110 .
- the modular washroom 200 may be disassembled and relocated at a fraction of the cost and time it takes to demolish and reconstruct a conventional washroom facility.
- FIG. 2A is a top view of another assembled modular washroom 210 having walls 220 A, 220 B, 220 C, 220 D.
- each of the walls 220 comprises a frame that may be made of steel, wood, or a combination of these and other materials, and each of the walls is at least partially covered by drywall, or some other wall covering material 221 .
- each of the walls comprises the wall covering material 221 on the inner surfaces of the walls and walls 220 C, 220 A include the wall covering material 221 on their outer surfaces.
- the exemplary modular washroom 210 is configured for placement in a building structure wherein the walls 220 B, 220 D abut adjoining walls in a corner of the building structure. Because these walls are not seen by user of the building structure, a wall covering material 221 may not be necessary on walls 220 B, 220 D.
- a sink 212 has been attached to wall 220 D, which comprises plumbing 222 that was preinstalled within the wall 220 D prior to assembly of the modular washroom 210 .
- the plumbing 222 is coupled to water and sewer lines that are at the building site, such as under the foundation and/or overhead.
- the sink 212 may then be coupled to the wall 220 D so that it interfaces with the building site water and sewer lines via the plumbing 222 .
- the toilet 214 is mounted around a sewage fitting on the provided floor surface of the building site and coupled to the building water source via a fitting on the wall 220 D.
- the pairs of walls 220 A and 220 D, 220 A and 220 C, and 220 C and 220 B, are each held in place with respect to one another using an outside bracket 230 , such as the bracket 130 discussed with reference to FIG. 1 .
- a corner cover 232 is also placed over the junction of each of the above-noted wall pairs to ornamentally cover the junction of adjoining walls and the brackets 230 that couple the adjoining walls.
- the junction between walls 220 B, 220 D may be inaccessible when positioned in a corner of the building site, the walls 220 B, 220 D are coupled using one or more inner brackets 231 .
- adjoining walls such as walls 220 B, 220 D, are coupled with 1, 2, 3, 4, or more inner brackets 231 , which are each screwed, bolted, or otherwise attached to an inner surface of each adjoining wall.
- all adjoining walls may be coupled with outside brackets 230
- adjoining walls may be coupled with inner brackets 231
- adjoining walls may be coupled with both outer brackets 230 and inner brackets 231 .
- the brackets 230 are easily accessible from outside the washroom 210 , the walls may be disassembled and reassembled at another location with reduced time and cost when compared with a typical washroom.
- walls 220 C, 220 A each have insulation 224 in openings in the walls.
- the insulation may be useful for retaining heat or cooling in the washroom 210 , or for reducing sound that travels through the insulated walls.
- fewer or more of the walls 220 of a modular washroom include insulation.
- FIG. 2B is a first cross-sectional side view 210 A of the assembled modular washroom of FIG. 2A taken across the cross section indicated by cross section indicator 240 of FIG. 2A .
- the plumbing 222 that is within the wall 220 D is coupled to plumbing 223 A that is provided at the building site.
- the plumbing 222 comprises pipes or other tubing for carrying fresh water to the sink 212 and toilet 214 .
- the building plumbing 223 A comprises one or more pipes or other tubing that is coupled to a water source, such as a municipal water source.
- a ceiling 245 of the modular washroom 210 comprises a ventilation opening 241 that comprises a ventilation fan.
- the ventilation opening 241 and optional ventilation fan are coupled to the ceiling 245 prior to assembly of the modular washroom 210 .
- a ventilation tubing 242 that is provided at the building site is coupled around the ventilation opening 214 so that the washroom 210 may be vented through the building ventilation system.
- FIG. 2C is a second cross-sectional side view 210 B of the assembled modular washroom of FIG. 2A taken across the cross section indicated by cross section indicator 250 of FIG. 2A .
- FIG. 2C illustrates a front view of wall 220 C and door 234 , and cross sectional views of walls 220 A, 220 B.
- the wall 220 C comprises electrical wiring 260 within the wall 220 C that terminates at an electrical box 262 that may be coupled to an electrical outlet, light switch, vent fan switch, any other electrical device, or any combination of these devices.
- the wiring 260 is advantageously pre-wired in the wall 220 C prior to installation of the washroom 210 so that electrical work at the installation site is reduced.
- a junction box 264 is coupled to the wall 220 C so that the wiring 260 may be coupled to a power source or other wiring 260 in the building site.
- the junction box 264 may be coupled to the ceiling 245 or any of the other walls 220 .
- multiple walls 220 may comprise electrical wiring preinstalled in the walls 220 and multiple junction boxes that are ready for coupling with electrical connections from the building site.
- one of the walls 220 C comprises all of the electrical wiring and plumbing for a modular washroom, rather than having the electrical and plumbing in separate walls.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram of a multiple unit structure 300 A, such as a strip mall, where each of the building units 310 comprises at least one modular washroom 320 .
- each of the modular washrooms 320 are assembled using components such as those illustrated in FIGS. 1-2 .
- the components of the washrooms 320 are inspected, such as by an ICC-ES authorized inspector, prior to assembly at the structure 300 A so that there is no time delay related to certification of the modular washrooms after assembly within the respective building units 310 .
- the modular washrooms 320 may be assembled in a matter of 1-3 days, for example, rather than the 2-4 weeks or more that is typically required for multiple phases of construction and building inspections of a conventional washroom.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram of the multiple unit structure 300 of FIG. 3 , where the modular washrooms 320 C, 320 D have been moved to alternate locations within their respective building units 310 C, 310 D.
- washrooms may need to be moved within building units.
- a tenant may assemble a washroom at a first location within a building unit only to later learn that another location within the building may be more desirable.
- the tenant or owner of building unit 310 D may have initially placed modular washroom 320 D at the location illustrated in FIG. 3 , but later determined that a larger open area at the front of the store was desirable and, thus, the modular washroom 320 D should be moved to the rear of the building unit 310 D.
- the modular washroom 320 D may be more easily disassembled and reassembled at the location shown in FIG. 4 , or any other location.
- Some contractors provide what is commonly referred to as a “Vanilla” project, which is a project including about 25-40 units, each comprising approximately 800-1,400 square feet, such as 1,200 square feet, for example, with demising walls placed about every 20 feet, and a washroom facility included in each unit. It is estimated that at least 25% or more of the tenants request that the washroom be re-located to a different spot within the unit before commencing the lease. As noted above, the cost of demolishing and relocating conventionally constructed washrooms ranges from $7,500 to $9,000, depending on several factors, such as the length of concrete trenching and whether the developer has a dedicated construction crew. This relocation also costs the tenant and/or owner lost occupancy time as the conventional washroom is being relocated.
- contractors may offer modular washrooms, such as modular washrooms 100 , 200 , 320 , as an alternative to conventional washrooms so that disassembly and reassembly of the modular washrooms at alternate locations may be more easily accomplished.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of a washroom 500 with a ceiling 510 of the washroom positioned above the walls.
- the ceiling 510 of the modular washroom 500 may be positioned within the washroom by lowering the ceiling 520 between the already positioned and secured walls 505 , wherein supports 510 extending inward into the modular washroom 500 support the ceiling 520 .
- the ceiling may be positioned on the supports 510 by sliding the ceiling into the washroom 500 , where the ceiling is supported by the supports 510 , through the one remaining open side of the washroom 500 .
- the supports 510 may comprise L-shaped brackets that are attached to the walls 505 with an attachment device, such as screws or nails, for example.
- the supports 510 may comprise any other protrusions that are suitable to support the ceiling 520 .
- a strip of wood such as pieces of 1 ⁇ 2 boards, may be screwed into the walls at the desired height of the ceiling 520 so that the boards support the ceiling 520 when it is lowered within the walls 505 .
- a board, or other elongated material may be extended along the entire inner perimeter of the washroom 500 at the desired height for the ceiling 520 .
- the supports 510 extend along substantially the entire width of the 505 .
- the supports 510 may be smaller and positioned intermittently on the walls 505 in order to support the ceiling 520 .
- the supports 510 are preassembled on the walls 505 prior to shipment to the install location. Thus, assembly of the modular washroom is not slowed due to installation of the supports 510 at the install location.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of the washroom 500 of FIG. 4 with the ceiling 520 lowered onto the supports 510 between the walls 505 of the washroom.
- the modular ceiling 520 is raised above the supports 510 and rotated so as to be substantially perpendicular to each of the walls 505 above the supports. The modular ceiling 520 may then be lowered so that the ceiling 520 is supported by the supports 510 .
- the ceiling 520 is positioned over the supports 510 and then lowered onto the supports after two or more walls 505 have been secured together, such as with the brackets 130 ( FIG. 2 ), in order to form a multi-sided washroom structure.
- positions of walls of a building unit may also comprise one or more walls of a modular washroom.
- the modular washroom 320 D ( FIG. 3 ) may use three walls of the building unit 310 D, such that only one wall 322 is installed in order to form the outline of the modular washroom.
- the supports 510 may also be positioned on walls of the building unit 310 .
- FIG. 7 is a top view of the washroom 500 of FIG. 5 , wherein the brackets 510 are shown attached to the walls 505 such that the brackets 510 are configured to support the ceiling 520 as it is lowered between the walls 505 .
- a modular washroom may comprise fewer or more walls 505 and, thus, may comprise a ceiling that is shaped differently.
Abstract
Assembly time of a modular washroom may be reduced when compared to assembly of a conventional washroom, thereby reducing delays in occupancy of building units such as those in a strip mall. In one embodiment, a modular washroom comprises coupling devices on adjoining walls that are easily accessible so that the modular washroom may be more easily and quickly moveable than a conventional washroom. In one embodiment, the modular washroom comprises components that receive compliance certification prior to installation into a building structure, thereby reducing delays related to compliance inspections that typically occur after construction of a washroom at the building site.
Description
- This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/715,741, filed on Sep. 9, 2005, which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- This invention relates to systems and methods of constructing, assembling, and moving modular washrooms.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- In certain construction projects, such as light frame and strip mall construction projects, multiple wash rooms are often constructed. In many of these construction projects, the washrooms are not assembled until after the building structure is complete and, therefore, completion of the washrooms often extends past a time when the remaining building structure is usable. Thus, construction of a washroom may delay opening of a new business in an otherwise usable building unit. Accordingly, there is a need for improved systems and methods for efficient and quick construction of wash rooms for use in such facilities. Additionally, in certain building structures, washrooms are provided in a predetermined location that is not changeable by the tenant prior to completion of the building project. Accordingly, if the tenant desires to relocate the washroom, the washroom is removed and a new washroom is built in the desired location. The typical cycle time for construction (or re-location) of a washroom is approximately 2 to 4 weeks or longer. Thus, after construction of a structure including a washroom facility, the owner and tenants typically are delayed at least a few weeks before they can occupy the building units. These delays can cause a significant revenue loss for the developer and the tenants. Systems and methods for quickly constructing and/or moving washrooms are desired.
- Additionally, components of a washroom may require some type of regulatory certification, such as by ICC Evaluation Service (ICC-ES), before they may be used. ICC-ES is one entity that is commonly used for evaluating building products for compliance with code such as local, city, county or state building codes, for example. After inspection by ICC-ES, or other inspection entity, reports may be issued indicating whether the washroom complies with building codes and these reports may be used to prove that the washroom meets any relevant code requirements. Thus, after a building structure, which may comprise multiple building units, such as separate stores in a strip mall, has been constructed, the washrooms are built in all, or some, of the building units and then the washroom is inspected to ensure that it is in compliance with any relevant building codes. However, inspection by local inspection entity, or other inspection entity, may not be available immediately following construction of the washroom, thus further delaying the usability of the building unit. Furthermore, if inspection of the washroom reveals violations to the relevant building codes, additional time and possible additional inspections may be required before the washroom is in compliance with the relevant building codes and is considered safe and usable. Accordingly, improved systems and methods for obtaining code compliance certification for washrooms are desired.
- As used herein, the term “washroom” means a building structure, including a building structure comprising one or more of a sink, a toilet, and a shower; and building structures such as dressing rooms, for example, that do not include sinks, toilets, or showers. An improved washroom, referred to herein as a “modular washroom” will be described with respect to the drawings. In general, assembly time of a modular washroom may be reduced when compared to assembly time of a conventional washroom. Additionally, a modular washroom may be more easily and quickly moveable than a conventional washroom and furthermore, a modular washroom comprises components that receive compliance certification prior to installation into a building structure so that delays caused by inspectors or repairs made to bring a washroom into compliance with the relevant building code are reduced or eliminated.
- In one embodiment, a modular washroom is configured for assembly within a framed building having a first height and a foundation with water and sewer lines being formed within the foundation. In one embodiment, the washroom assembly comprises a plurality of wall members each having an interior side, an exterior side, a first lateral edge, a second lateral edge, and internal framing interposed between the interior and exterior sides such that the plurality of wall members have a thickness based at least in part on the internal framing wherein the plurality of wall members are of a second height that is less than the first height, a plurality of fittings positioned within the wall members adapted to couple washroom fixtures mounted on the plurality of wall members to the water and sewer lines formed in the foundation. In one embodiment, water lines in the building structure are overhead such that the water lines are lowered into the modular washroom from above the wall members. The modular washroom may further comprise a plurality of coupling members each having first and second legs that are interconnected with each other so that when two of the plurality of wall members are positioned such that the lateral edges are adjacent each other with the wall members extending in substantially perpendicular directions to each other, the first and second leg of the coupling members respectively engage with the two adjacent wall members along the thickness dimension of the two adjacent wall members so as to retain the adjacent wall members in position with respect to each other. The modular washroom may additionally comprise a plurality of cover members each having first and second legs, wherein the plurality of cover members are mounted on the exterior sides of the two adjacent wall members that are positioned adjacent to each other so as to define a generally right angle interconnection between the exterior sides of the wall members and at least partially hide from sight the plurality of coupling members.
- In one embodiment, a modular washroom kit comprises a plurality of walls configured for assembly at a strip mall, the plurality of walls comprising at least a first wall comprising an attachment mechanism for coupling a sink to the first wall, the first wall further comprising plumbing within the first wall configured for coupling to a water source at the strip mall, and a second wall comprising electrical wires within the second wall and an electrical outlet on the second wall. In one embodiment, the kit further comprises a plurality of substantially L-shaped brackets for attaching pairs of walls together at the strip mall, wherein an ICC-ES inspection certification for the modular washroom kit is issued prior to shipment of the kit to the strip mall for assembly. In one embodiment, the ICC-ES inspection certification is issued in response to a self-inspection by the fabricator of the modular washroom kit, wherein the self-inspection is according to the inspection criteria provided by ICC-ES.
- In another embodiment, a method of assembling a modular washroom, the modular washroom comprising a plurality of walls and at least one of the walls comprises a fixture attached to the wall, comprising placing at least two walls of the modular restroom in a desired location within a building structure, the at least two walls having supports coupled near an upper end of the walls for supporting a ceiling, positioning the ceiling above the supports, and lowering the ceiling so that the ceiling is supported by the supports.
- In another embodiment, a method of constructing components of a modular washroom comprises (a) constructing at a manufacturing facility a plurality of walls of a modular restroom, wherein at least one of the walls comprises HVAC components within the wall and at least one of the walls comprises a fixture attached to the wall, the walls being configured for assembly at a building location remote to the manufacturing facility, (b) presenting the constructed walls to an inspector at the manufacturing facility, (c) obtaining an inspection certification for the constructed walls from the inspector after inspection of the constructed walls at the manufacturing facility, and (d) combining the constructed walls into a kit for sale to a customer, wherein the kit comprises the plurality of walls and coupling devices for securing the plurality of walls in order to form a modular washroom. In one embodiment, the inspector is employed by the fabricator of the modular washroom, such that the inspection certification results from a self-inspection of the constructed walls. In one embodiment, the inspector inspects the constructed walls in accordance to inspection criteria provided by ICC-ES.
- In another embodiment, a method of coupling adjacent walls of a modular washroom comprises positioning a first substantially rectangular wall comprising a front surface and a rear surface separated by a first thickness, the first wall further comprising a left side and right side each between the front and rear surface and having widths equal to the first thickness, positioning a second substantially rectangular wall comprising a second front surface and a second rear surface separated by a second thickness, the second wall further comprising a second left side and a second right side each between the second front and rear surfaces and having widths equal to the second thickness, the second wall being positioned so that the second right side contacts the left side of the first wall so that the first and second walls are substantially perpendicular to one another and so that the second right side and the left side are at least partially exposed, and coupling at least one bracket to the exposed portions of the second right side and the left side so that the first and second walls are attached.
-
FIG. 1 is a diagram of components of an exemplary modular washroom. -
FIG. 2 is a top view of an assembled modular washroom. -
FIG. 2A is a top view of another assembled modular washroom. -
FIG. 2B is first cross-sectional side view of the assembled modular washroom ofFIG. 2A . -
FIG. 2C is a second cross-sectional side view of the assembled modular washroom ofFIG. 2A . -
FIG. 3 is a top view diagram of a multiple unit structure, such as a strip mall, where each of the building units comprises at least one modular washroom. -
FIG. 4 is a top view diagram of the multiple unit structure ofFIG. 3 , where the modular washrooms in two building units have been moved to alternate locations within the respective building units. -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of a washroom with the ceiling positioned above the washroom. -
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of the washroom ofFIG. 4 with the ceiling lowered onto the supports within the washroom. -
FIG. 7 is a top view of the washroom ofFIG. 4 , wherein the brackets are shown attached to the walls such that the brackets are configured to support a ceiling that is lowered into the washroom. - Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying Figures, wherein like numerals refer to like elements throughout. The terminology used in the description presented herein is not intended to be interpreted in any limited or restrictive manner, simply because it is being utilized in conjunction with a detailed description of certain specific embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may include several novel features, no single one of which is solely responsible for its desirable attributes or which is essential to practicing the inventions described herein.
- 1
FIG. 1 is a diagram of components of an exemplary modular washroom.FIG. 1 illustratesmultiple walls 110A-110D, where some of the walls include fittings for installingfixtures 120A-120C to the walls 110. In particular,FIG. 1 illustrates atoilet 120A that may be attached to a water valve installed inwall 110A, asink 120B that may be attached to water and sewage valves onwall 110B, andother fixtures 120C, such as shelves, hand dryers, and paper towel dispenser, for example, that are configured for installation onwall 110C. In one embodiment, a single wall may comprise fittings for coupling thetoilet 120A and thesink 120B to a water source, such as an overhead water line that drops down into the modular washroom. As discussed further below with reference toFIG. 2B , for example, the overhead water line may couple with water lines positioned inside one of the walls. In one embodiment, certain of the fixtures are installed on a wall 110 prior to shipment to the install site. In one embodiment, the walls 110 for a specific modular washroom may include fewer or additional fittings for support fixtures 120 on the walls 110 and/or coupling the fixtures to water, plumbing, and electrical sources. - In one embodiment, the
walls - In one embodiment, the fixtures 120 are coupled to the walls 110 prior to shipment to the building unit in which the modular washroom is to be assembled. In this embodiment, the time required to assemble the washroom may be reduced as the proper attachment of the fixtures and coupling to water sources and drains to the walls has already been done. In other embodiments, some of the fixtures 120 are not coupled to the walls 110 when received by a purchaser, but the walls 110 may include attachment mechanisms that allow for easy attachment of the fixtures 120 to the walls 110. In one embodiment, one of the walls 110, such as the
wall 110D, for example, comprises a door. -
FIG. 1 also illustrates anexemplary bracket 130, wherein a top view of thebracket 130 is illustrated asbracket 130A and a side perspective view of the bracket is illustrated asbracket 130B. In one embodiment, the walls 110 of themodular washroom 100 each include a steel or wooden frame covered with a coating such as gypsum board or particle board, for example. In the embodiment ofFIGS. 1-2 , the walls 110 are secured using brackets, such as bracket 103, that are installed on the outside edges of the walls 110.FIG. 2 , which illustrates a top view of an assembledmodular washroom 200, illustrates the position of thebrackets 130 on an assembled modular washroom. As shown inFIG. 1 , thebracket 130 comprisesmultiple holes 132 for receiving attachment devices, such as nails or screws, for example. In one embodiment, thebracket 130 is from one to six inches long, or longer. In one embodiment, thebracket 130 is about three inches long. - In operation, two adjacent walls of a modular washroom may be coupled using one or more of the
brackets 130, or other similar brackets. In one embodiment,multiple brackets 130 are placed on the junction of each pair of walls 110, such as anupper bracket 130, amiddle bracket 130, and alower bracket 130. In the embodiment ofFIGS. 1-2 , thebrackets 130 provide an external attachment means for the walls 110 of themodular washroom holes 132 of the brackets, the walls may be separated, and the modular washroom may be moved and re-assembled at another location. Additionally, the attachment screws or bolts do not need to extend through a thickness of one or more of the walls as would be done in typical construction, because thebracket 130 may be placed directly on adjoining walls. Furthermore, walls having the same dimensions may be mass produced and, when used with thebrackets 130, form a square, rectangular, or any other polygonal shaped, washroom. - In one embodiment, the components of the modular washroom, such as the walls 110, fixtures 120, and related pluming, heating, air conditioning, and electrical components, are inspected prior to installation of the modular washroom at a desired building unit. For example, a third party inspector that is certified by ICC-ES may visit the manufacturing facility where the walls 110 are fabricated, conduct an inspection of the components of the walls, including fixtures attached to the walls and wiring and vents within the walls, and provide a certification certificate to the manufacturer. Thus, certification may be complete before the walls are shipped to the building site, greatly reducing or eliminating the likelihood of inspection delays or compliance changes related to the washroom. Modular washrooms, similar to the exemplary
modular washroom 200, may be installed in shopping centers, community centers, power centers, enclosed malls, tilt-up construction, strip malls, temporary “tent” facilities, gas stations, and convenience stores, for example. -
FIG. 2 is a top view diagram of an assembledmodular washroom 200, where the modular washroom comprises components illustrated inFIG. 1 . In the embodiment ofFIG. 2 , each pair of adjacent walls 110, such aswalls brackets 130 that hold the walls in position with respect to one another. In one embodiment, for example, threebrackets 130, each about three inches long, are placed between the junction of two walls 110 and secured to the two walls 110, such aswalls walls - In the embodiment of
FIG. 2 , the joint betweenwalls corner cover 210, which covers the exposedbracket 130. Thecorner cover 210 may be secured to the walls by any means, such as screws or glue, and may be easily removable so that the joiningbrackets 130 may be accessed. In one embodiment, the corner cover extends along an entire height of adjoining walls 110. Thecorner cover 210 may advantageously cover the opening between adjoining walls 110 and provide an ornamental cover on the corners of the modular washroom. Multiple styles and designs ofcovers 210 are contemplated and any suitable cover may be used in conjunction with the modular washroom described herein. - As illustrated in
FIG. 2 , themodular washroom 200 is advantageously assembled withbrackets 130 that are accessible on the outside of themodular washroom 200 without destruction of the walls 110. Thus, themodular washroom 200 may be disassembled and relocated at a fraction of the cost and time it takes to demolish and reconstruct a conventional washroom facility. -
FIG. 2A is a top view of another assembledmodular washroom 210 havingwalls wall covering material 221. In the embodiment ofFIG. 2A , each of the walls comprises thewall covering material 221 on the inner surfaces of the walls andwalls wall covering material 221 on their outer surfaces. Thus, the exemplarymodular washroom 210 is configured for placement in a building structure wherein thewalls wall covering material 221 may not be necessary onwalls - In the
exemplary washroom 210, asink 212 has been attached to wall 220D, which comprisesplumbing 222 that was preinstalled within thewall 220D prior to assembly of themodular washroom 210. Thus, when thewall 210 is installed at the building site, theplumbing 222 is coupled to water and sewer lines that are at the building site, such as under the foundation and/or overhead. Thesink 212 may then be coupled to thewall 220D so that it interfaces with the building site water and sewer lines via theplumbing 222. In one embodiment, thetoilet 214 is mounted around a sewage fitting on the provided floor surface of the building site and coupled to the building water source via a fitting on thewall 220D. - In the embodiment of
FIG. 2A , the pairs ofwalls outside bracket 230, such as thebracket 130 discussed with reference toFIG. 1 . Acorner cover 232 is also placed over the junction of each of the above-noted wall pairs to ornamentally cover the junction of adjoining walls and thebrackets 230 that couple the adjoining walls. However, because the junction betweenwalls walls inner brackets 231. In one embodiment, adjoining walls, such aswalls inner brackets 231, which are each screwed, bolted, or otherwise attached to an inner surface of each adjoining wall. In other embodiments, all adjoining walls may be coupled withoutside brackets 230, adjoining walls may be coupled withinner brackets 231, or adjoining walls may be coupled with bothouter brackets 230 andinner brackets 231. As noted above, because thebrackets 230 are easily accessible from outside thewashroom 210, the walls may be disassembled and reassembled at another location with reduced time and cost when compared with a typical washroom. In the embodiment ofFIG. 2A ,walls insulation 224 in openings in the walls. The insulation may be useful for retaining heat or cooling in thewashroom 210, or for reducing sound that travels through the insulated walls. In other embodiments, fewer or more of the walls 220 of a modular washroom include insulation. -
FIG. 2B is a firstcross-sectional side view 210A of the assembled modular washroom ofFIG. 2A taken across the cross section indicated bycross section indicator 240 ofFIG. 2A . As shown inFIG. 2B , theplumbing 222 that is within thewall 220D is coupled toplumbing 223A that is provided at the building site. In one embodiment, theplumbing 222 comprises pipes or other tubing for carrying fresh water to thesink 212 andtoilet 214. In this embodiment, thebuilding plumbing 223A comprises one or more pipes or other tubing that is coupled to a water source, such as a municipal water source. - A
ceiling 245 of themodular washroom 210 comprises aventilation opening 241 that comprises a ventilation fan. In an advantageous embodiment, theventilation opening 241 and optional ventilation fan are coupled to theceiling 245 prior to assembly of themodular washroom 210. Aventilation tubing 242 that is provided at the building site is coupled around theventilation opening 214 so that thewashroom 210 may be vented through the building ventilation system. -
FIG. 2C is a secondcross-sectional side view 210B of the assembled modular washroom ofFIG. 2A taken across the cross section indicated bycross section indicator 250 ofFIG. 2A . Thus,FIG. 2C illustrates a front view ofwall 220C anddoor 234, and cross sectional views ofwalls FIG. 2C , thewall 220C compriseselectrical wiring 260 within thewall 220C that terminates at anelectrical box 262 that may be coupled to an electrical outlet, light switch, vent fan switch, any other electrical device, or any combination of these devices. Thewiring 260 is advantageously pre-wired in thewall 220C prior to installation of thewashroom 210 so that electrical work at the installation site is reduced. In one embodiment, ajunction box 264 is coupled to thewall 220C so that thewiring 260 may be coupled to a power source orother wiring 260 in the building site. In other embodiments, thejunction box 264 may be coupled to theceiling 245 or any of the other walls 220. Additionally, in other embodiments multiple walls 220 may comprise electrical wiring preinstalled in the walls 220 and multiple junction boxes that are ready for coupling with electrical connections from the building site. In one embodiment, one of thewalls 220C comprises all of the electrical wiring and plumbing for a modular washroom, rather than having the electrical and plumbing in separate walls. -
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a multiple unit structure 300A, such as a strip mall, where each of the building units 310 comprises at least one modular washroom 320. In one embodiment, each of the modular washrooms 320 are assembled using components such as those illustrated inFIGS. 1-2 . In one embodiment, the components of the washrooms 320 are inspected, such as by an ICC-ES authorized inspector, prior to assembly at the structure 300A so that there is no time delay related to certification of the modular washrooms after assembly within the respective building units 310. Thus, in one embodiment the modular washrooms 320 may be assembled in a matter of 1-3 days, for example, rather than the 2-4 weeks or more that is typically required for multiple phases of construction and building inspections of a conventional washroom. -
FIG. 4 is a diagram of themultiple unit structure 300 ofFIG. 3 , where themodular washrooms respective building units building unit 310D may have initially placedmodular washroom 320D at the location illustrated in FIG. 3, but later determined that a larger open area at the front of the store was desirable and, thus, themodular washroom 320D should be moved to the rear of thebuilding unit 310D. Because themodular washroom 320D is assembled in a manner similar to that discussed above with reference toFIGS. 1 and 2 , themodular washroom 320D may be more easily disassembled and reassembled at the location shown inFIG. 4 , or any other location. - Currently, many developers provide a conventional washroom in each unit in a predetermined location. When a tenant takes possession of the unit, they must then determine if the conventional washroom is in the proper location or if the conventional washroom should be moved to a more convenient location in the unit. Currently, the cost of relocating a conventionally constructed washroom facility may be in the range of $7,500-$9,000 or more. In contrast, as discussed above the modular washroom described herein may be more easily and cost-effectively disassembled and reassembled. For example, the current cost of relocating a modular washroom may be in the range of about $1,000-$3,000.
- Some contractors provide what is commonly referred to as a “Vanilla” project, which is a project including about 25-40 units, each comprising approximately 800-1,400 square feet, such as 1,200 square feet, for example, with demising walls placed about every 20 feet, and a washroom facility included in each unit. It is estimated that at least 25% or more of the tenants request that the washroom be re-located to a different spot within the unit before commencing the lease. As noted above, the cost of demolishing and relocating conventionally constructed washrooms ranges from $7,500 to $9,000, depending on several factors, such as the length of concrete trenching and whether the developer has a dedicated construction crew. This relocation also costs the tenant and/or owner lost occupancy time as the conventional washroom is being relocated. Thus, in one embodiment contractors may offer modular washrooms, such as
modular washrooms -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of awashroom 500 with aceiling 510 of the washroom positioned above the walls. In one embodiment, theceiling 510 of themodular washroom 500 may be positioned within the washroom by lowering theceiling 520 between the already positioned andsecured walls 505, wherein supports 510 extending inward into themodular washroom 500 support theceiling 520. For example, after coupling three of thewalls 505 such that a C-shaped structure is formed, the ceiling may be positioned on thesupports 510 by sliding the ceiling into thewashroom 500, where the ceiling is supported by thesupports 510, through the one remaining open side of thewashroom 500. Thesupports 510 may comprise L-shaped brackets that are attached to thewalls 505 with an attachment device, such as screws or nails, for example. In other embodiments, thesupports 510 may comprise any other protrusions that are suitable to support theceiling 520. For example, a strip of wood, such as pieces of 1×2 boards, may be screwed into the walls at the desired height of theceiling 520 so that the boards support theceiling 520 when it is lowered within thewalls 505. Alternatively, a board, or other elongated material, may be extended along the entire inner perimeter of thewashroom 500 at the desired height for theceiling 520. In the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 5 , thesupports 510 extend along substantially the entire width of the 505. In another embodiment, thesupports 510 may be smaller and positioned intermittently on thewalls 505 in order to support theceiling 520. In one embodiment, thesupports 510 are preassembled on thewalls 505 prior to shipment to the install location. Thus, assembly of the modular washroom is not slowed due to installation of thesupports 510 at the install location. -
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of thewashroom 500 ofFIG. 4 with theceiling 520 lowered onto thesupports 510 between thewalls 505 of the washroom. In one embodiment, themodular ceiling 520 is raised above thesupports 510 and rotated so as to be substantially perpendicular to each of thewalls 505 above the supports. Themodular ceiling 520 may then be lowered so that theceiling 520 is supported by thesupports 510. In one embodiment, theceiling 520 is positioned over thesupports 510 and then lowered onto the supports after two ormore walls 505 have been secured together, such as with the brackets 130 (FIG. 2 ), in order to form a multi-sided washroom structure. In one embodiment, positions of walls of a building unit, such as a strip mall, may also comprise one or more walls of a modular washroom. For example, themodular washroom 320D (FIG. 3 ) may use three walls of thebuilding unit 310D, such that only onewall 322 is installed in order to form the outline of the modular washroom. In this embodiment, thesupports 510 may also be positioned on walls of the building unit 310. -
FIG. 7 is a top view of thewashroom 500 ofFIG. 5 , wherein thebrackets 510 are shown attached to thewalls 505 such that thebrackets 510 are configured to support theceiling 520 as it is lowered between thewalls 505. In other embodiments, a modular washroom may comprise fewer ormore walls 505 and, thus, may comprise a ceiling that is shaped differently. - The foregoing description details certain embodiments of the invention. It will be appreciated, however, that no matter how detailed the foregoing appears in text, the invention can be practiced in many ways. The use of particular terminology when describing certain features or aspects of the invention should not be taken to imply that the terminology is being re-defined herein to be restricted to include any specific characteristics of the features or aspects of the invention with which that terminology is associated. The scope of the invention should therefore be construed in accordance with the appended claims and any equivalents thereof.
Claims (22)
1. A modular washroom assembly for assembly within a framed building having a first height and sewer lines being formed within the foundation, the framed building also comprising a water source, the washroom assembly comprising:
a plurality of wall members each having an interior, an exterior side, a first lateral edge, a second lateral edge, and internal framing interposed between the interior and exterior sides such that the plurality of wall members have a thickness based at least in part on the internal framing wherein the plurality of wall members are of a second height that is less than the first height;
a plurality of fittings positioned within the wall members adapted to couple washroom fixtures mounted on the plurality of wall members to the water source and sewer lines;
a plurality of coupling members each having first and second legs that are interconnected with each other so that when two of the plurality of wall members are positioned such that the lateral edges are adjacent to each other with the wall members extending in substantially perpendicular directions to each other, the first and second leg of the coupling members respectively engage with the two adjacent wall members along the thickness dimension of the two adjacent wall members so as to retain the adjacent wall members in position with respect to each other; and
a plurality of cover members each having first and second legs, wherein the plurality of cover members are mounted on the exterior sides of the two adjacent wall members that are positioned adjacent to each other so as to define a generally right angle interconnection between the exterior sides of the wall members and at least partially hide from sight the plurality of coupling members.
2. The modular washroom of claim 1 , wherein the water source comprises an overhead water line provided at the framed building.
3. The modular washroom of claim 1 , wherein the modular washroom assembly receives code certification as a result of an inspection that is offsite to the framed building.
4. The modular washroom of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the wall members comprises gypsum board on the interior surface.
5. The modular washroom of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of wall members comprises four wall members arranged in a substantially rectangular configuration.
6. The modular washroom of claim 5 , wherein at least two of the walls are coupled with one or more bracket members positioned on inner surface of the at least two walls.
7. The modular washroom of claim 6 , wherein a junction between the at least two walls is located in a corner of the framed building such that the outside surface of the walls at the junction is not accessible.
8. A modular washroom kit comprising:
a plurality of walls configured for assembly at a strip mall, the plurality of walls comprising at least
a first wall comprising an attachment mechanism for coupling a sink to the first wall, the first wall further comprising plumbing within the first wall configured for coupling to a water source at the strip mall; and
a second wall comprising electrical wires within the second wall and an electrical outlet on the second wall; and
a plurality of substantially L-shaped brackets for attaching pairs of walls together at the strip mall;
wherein an ICC-ES inspection certification for the modular washroom kit is issued prior to shipment of the kit to the strip mall for assembly.
9. The modular washroom kit of claim 8 , wherein the at least one wall is the first wall.
10. The modular washroom kit of claim 8 , wherein the at least one wall is the second wall.
11. The modular washroom kit of claim 8 , further comprising a plurality of ornamental covers configured for attachment to pairs of adjoining walls such that the L-shaped brackets are not visible.
12. The modular washroom kit of claim 8 , wherein the ICC-ES inspection certification is issued in response to a self-inspection by the fabricator of the modular washroom kit, wherein the self-inspection is according to the inspection criteria provided by ICC-ES.
13. A method of assembling a modular washroom, the modular washroom comprising a plurality of walls and at least one of the walls comprises a fixture attached to the wall, the method comprising:
placing at least two walls of the modular restroom in a desired location within a building structure, the at least two walls having supports coupled near an upper end of the walls for supporting a ceiling;
positioning the ceiling on at least a portion of the supports; and
moving the ceiling so that the ceiling is supported by the supports.
14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
attaching a substantially L-shaped bracket on a first end of a first wall and a second end, and tightening a first screw through a first side of the bracket and the first end of the first wall; and tightening a second screw through a second side of the bracket into the second end of the second wall.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the building structure is selected from the group comprising: shopping centers, community centers, power centers, enclosed malls, tilt-up construction, strip malls, temporary “tent” facilities, gas stations, and convenience stores.
16. A method of constructing components of a modular washroom, the method comprising:
(a) constructing at a manufacturing facility a plurality of walls of a modular washroom, wherein at least one of the walls comprises HVAC components within the wall and at least one of the walls comprises a fixture attached to the wall, the walls being configured for assembly at a building location remote to the manufacturing facility;
(b) presenting the constructed walls to an inspector at the manufacturing facility;
(c) obtaining an inspection certification for the constructed walls from the inspector after inspection of the constructed walls at the manufacturing facility; and
(d) combining the constructed walls into a kit for sale to a customer, wherein the kit comprises the plurality of walls and coupling devices for securing the plurality of walls in order to form a modular washroom.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the inspection certification is from ICC-ES.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein at least one of the walls comprises one or more fixtures that are attached to the wall prior to the step of presenting.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein at least one of the walls comprises plumbing and/or electrical components within the wall.
20. A method of coupling adjacent walls of a modular washroom, the method comprising:
positioning a first substantially rectangular wall comprising a front surface and a rear surface separated by a first thickness, the first wall further comprising a left side and right side each between the front and rear surface and having widths equal to the first thickness;
positioning a second substantially rectangular wall comprising a second front surface and a second rear surface separated by a second thickness, the second wall further comprising a second left side and a second right side each between the second front and rear surfaces and having widths equal to the second thickness, the second wall being positioned so that the second right side contacts the left side of the first wall so that the first and second walls are substantially perpendicular to one another and so that the second right side and the left side are at least partially exposed; and
coupling at least one bracket to the exposed portions of the second right side and the left side so that the first and second walls are attached.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the bracket is substantially L-shaped.
22. The method of claim 20 , further comprising:
coupling a cover member to each of the first and second walls so as to substantially hide the bracket from view.
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US10900224B2 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2021-01-26 | Innovative Building Technologies, Llc | Prefabricated demising wall with external conduit engagement features |
US10676923B2 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2020-06-09 | Innovative Building Technologies, Llc | Waterproofing assemblies and prefabricated wall panels including the same |
US10961710B2 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2021-03-30 | Innovative Building Technologies, Llc | Pre-assembled wall panel for utility installation |
US10508442B2 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2019-12-17 | Innovative Building Technologies, Llc | Floor and ceiling panel for slab-free floor system of a building |
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US10724228B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2020-07-28 | Innovative Building Technologies, Llc | Building assemblies and methods for constructing a building using pre-assembled floor-ceiling panels and walls |
US10487493B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2019-11-26 | Innovative Building Technologies, Llc | Building design and construction using prefabricated components |
US10323428B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2019-06-18 | Innovative Building Technologies, Llc | Sequence for constructing a building from prefabricated components |
US11098475B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2021-08-24 | Innovative Building Technologies, Llc | Building system with a diaphragm provided by pre-fabricated floor panels |
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US20220259860A1 (en) * | 2021-02-17 | 2022-08-18 | SYMBiHOM, LLC | Prefabricated modular garage or commercial conversion accessory dwelling units |
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Owner name: U.S. MODULAR SOLUTIONS, INC., CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ELDRIDGE, HAROLD D.;BICKEL, JR, JAMES SPEEDY;REEL/FRAME:018237/0112;SIGNING DATES FROM 20060906 TO 20060908 |
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