US20070116905A1 - Thermal transfer image receiving sheet and method - Google Patents

Thermal transfer image receiving sheet and method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070116905A1
US20070116905A1 US11/625,394 US62539407A US2007116905A1 US 20070116905 A1 US20070116905 A1 US 20070116905A1 US 62539407 A US62539407 A US 62539407A US 2007116905 A1 US2007116905 A1 US 2007116905A1
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Prior art keywords
coating composition
image receiving
aqueous
thermal transfer
polyurethane resin
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US11/625,394
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Dieu Huynh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/40—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used characterised by the base backcoat, intermediate, or covering layers, e.g. for thermal transfer dye-donor or dye-receiver sheets; Heat, radiation filtering or absorbing means or layers; combined with other image registration layers or compositions; Special originals for reproduction by thermography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5263—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B41M5/5281—Polyurethanes or polyureas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M2205/00—Printing methods or features related to printing methods; Location or type of the layers
    • B41M2205/32—Thermal receivers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5218—Macromolecular coatings characterised by inorganic additives, e.g. pigments, clays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5227—Macromolecular coatings characterised by organic non-macromolecular additives, e.g. UV-absorbers, plasticisers, surfactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5263—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B41M5/5272—Polyesters; Polycarbonates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/914—Transfer or decalcomania
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/254—Polymeric or resinous material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y10T428/31565—Next to polyester [polyethylene terephthalate, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet. More particularly, the present invention relates to a thermal transfer image-receiving polymeric sheet capable of recording thereon thermally transferred dye or ink images in a clear and sharp form.
  • thermal transfer recording systems an ink ribbon is heated through a thermal head or by laser or the like in accordance with image information.
  • the heating causes thermal melting, thermal diffusion or sublimation, by which a dye is transferred from the ink ribbon onto a printing sheet to form an image on the printing sheet.
  • the printing sheet generally is made up of a support film having a dye receiving layer coated thereon.
  • the dye receiving layer is a layer that receives a dye or ink transferred thereto from the ink ribbon by heating and preserves an image formed from the dye.
  • Typical dye receiving layers for polymeric substrates comprise at least one dye receptive resin dissolved in an organic solvent.
  • solvent borne resins include polyester, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride copolymers such as vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, and thermoplastic resins such as polyurethane resin, polystyrene, acrylic-styrene (AS) resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin, and the like.
  • aqueous composition for producing an image receiving layer on a polyester substrate without compromising image clarity and durability.
  • a printing sheet of the type that is used in a thermal transfer recording system includes a polymeric film support, and an image receiving layer formed on the film support.
  • the image receiving layer may be formed from a coating of an aqueous coating composition.
  • the aqueous coating composition may include an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyester-polyurethane, and an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyether-polyurethane.
  • the aqueous coating composition may include an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin, a silica dispersion, and an anionic aqueous emulsion of wax.
  • An aqueous crosslinking agent may be added to the aqueous coating composition, which may then be dried.
  • a dye receiving coating composition may include an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyester-polyurethane, and an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyether-polyurethane.
  • the dye receiving coating composition may include an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin, a silica dispersion, and an anionic aqueous emulsion of wax.
  • An aqueous crosslinking agent may be added to the dye receiving coating composition.
  • a method of preparing a thermal transfer image receiving sheet provides for coating a substrate sheet surface with the aqueous coating composition. And, drying the aqueous coating composition to form the thermal transfer image receiving sheet.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a cross-section of a thermal transfer image receiving sheet according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cross section of one example of a thermal transfer image receiving sheet 1 according to the present invention.
  • the thermal transfer image receiving sheet 1 may include a substrate sheet 2 and a dye receiving layer 3 disposed on one surface of the substrate sheet 2 .
  • the substrate sheet 2 may be formed from sheet materials selected with reference to application specific criteria. Such criteria may include, for example, desired dimensions (height, length and thickness), surface texture, composition, flexibility, and other physical and economic attributes or properties.
  • Suitable sheet materials may include, for example, synthetic papers such as polyolefin type, polystyrene type; wood free paper; art paper; coat paper; cast coat paper; wall paper; lining paper; cellulose fiber paper such as paperboard; various plastic films or sheets such as polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polymethacrylate and polycarbonate.
  • the substrate sheet 2 may be, or may include, a multilayer polymeric sheet.
  • the multi-layers may be coextruded, or the multi-layers may be laminated together.
  • the substrate sheet 2 includes both some co-extruded multi-layers and some laminated multi-layers.
  • a white opaque film may be formed by adding a white pigment, or like fillers, to one or more of the aforementioned synthetic resins and used as the substrate sheet 2 .
  • a foamed film is used as the substrate sheet 2 .
  • the foamed film which may be formed by a conventional foaming operation.
  • the substrate sheet 2 may be a laminated body formed by combining a plurality of the aforementioned single-layered sheets composed of the above listed materials. Examples of such a laminated body may include a laminated body of combined cellulose fiber paper with synthetic paper, and a laminated body of combined cellulose fiber paper with a plastic film or sheet.
  • the thickness of the substrate sheet 2 may be determined with reference to application specific criteria. Such criteria may include the desired end use.
  • the sheet thickness is in a range of from about 10 microns or micrometers ( ⁇ m) to about 300 ⁇ m. In one embodiment, the sheet thickness is in a range of from about 10 micrometers or microns ( ⁇ m) to about 150 ⁇ m. In one embodiment, the sheet thickness is in a range of from about 150 micrometers or microns ( ⁇ m) to about 300 ⁇ m.
  • a primer treatment or a corona discharging treatment may be used on the substrate sheet 2 to increase a bonding strength between the substrate sheet 2 and the dye receptor layer 3 to be formed on a surface of the substrate sheet 2 .
  • An intermediate layer (not shown) may be provided between the dye receptor layer 3 and the substrate sheet 2 to impart preselected properties.
  • properties may include an adhesion property, whiteness or brightness, cushioning property, antistatic property, shielding property, anti-curling property, and the like.
  • a back surface layer may be provided onto a surface opposite the surface of the substrate sheet 2 to which the dye receiving layer 3 is formed.
  • the back surface layer may impart preselected properties to the thermal transfer image receiving sheet 1 .
  • the properties may include, for example, an enhanced conveying fitness, an enhanced writing property, pollution resistance, anti-curling property, and the like.
  • an antistatic layer (not shown) containing a commercially available antistatic agent may be provided on the dye receiving layer 2 or the back surface layer to improve the antistatic property of the thermal transfer image receiving sheet 1 .
  • the dye receiving layer 2 may be a coating formed from an aqueous composition.
  • the aqueous coating composition includes at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin and at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyester-polyurethane resin.
  • the polyether-polyurethane resin and the polyester-polyurethane resin may be combined in the coating composition as separate aqueous dispersions.
  • the dispersions will typically comprise colloidally dispersed particles of the polyurethane polymers.
  • the dye receiving coating composition has a weight ratio of the polyether-polyurethane resin to the polyester-polyurethane resin that is in a range of from about 1:1 to about 2:1, or in a range of from about 2:1 to about 3:1, based on the resin solids of the polyether-polyurethane and the polyester-polyurethane.
  • the aqueous coating composition includes, an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin, a silica dispersion, and an anionic aqueous emulsion of wax.
  • the polyester-polyurethane polymer is the reaction product of a predominantly aliphatic polyisocyanate component and a polyester polyol component.
  • a predominantly aliphatic polyisocyanate component a polyester polyol component.
  • the term “predominantly aliphatic” means that at least 70 weight percent of the polyisocyanate component is an aliphatic polyisocyanate, in which all of the isocyanate groups are directly bonded to aliphatic or cycloaliphatic groups, irrespective of whether aromatic groups are also present. More preferably, the amount of aliphatic polyisocyanate is at least 85 weight %, and most preferably, 100 weight %, of the polyisocyanate component.
  • Suitable aliphatic polyisocyanates include ethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, cyclohexane-1,4-diisocyanate, 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, cyclopentylene diisocyanate, p-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (p-TMXDI) and its meta isomer (m-TMXDI), hydrogenated 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, and 1-isocyanto-1-methyl-3(4)-isocyanatomethyl cyclohexane (IMCI). Mixtures of aliphatic polyisocyanates can be used.
  • Polyester polyols that may be used in the polyester polyol component include hydroxyl-terminated reaction products of polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, furan dimethanol, cyclohexane dimethanol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane or pentaerythritol, or mixtures thereof. Also included are polycarboxylic acids, especially dicarboxylic acids, and ester-forming derivatives thereof. Examples include succinic, glutaric and adipic acids or their methyl esters, phthalic anhydride and dimethyl terephthalate.
  • polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, furan dimethanol,
  • Polyesters obtained by the polymerisation of lactones, for example caprolactone, in conjunction with a polyol may also be used.
  • Commercially available polyester-polyurethanes useful in the present invention include those sold under the trade names AVALURE UR-425, AVALURE UR-430, AVALURE UR-405 and AVALURE UR-410 by Goodrich Corporation (Charlotte, N.C.), and NEOREZ R-989 by NeoResins (Waalwijk, The Netherlands).
  • the polyether-polyurethane polymer is the reaction product of a predominantly aliphatic polyisocyanate component and a polyether polyol component.
  • Suitable polyether polyols include products obtained by the polymerization of a cyclic oxide or by the addition of one or more such oxides to polyfunctional initiators.
  • Such polymerized cyclic oxides include, for example, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and tetrahydrofuran.
  • Such polyfunctional initiators having oxides added include, for example, water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol, glycerol, trimethylopropane, pentaerythritol and Bisphenols (such as A and F).
  • Suitable polyesters include polyoxypropylene diols and triols, poly (oxyethylene-oxypropylene) diols and triols obtained by the simultaneous or sequential addition of ethylene and propylene oxides to appropriate initiators and polytetramethylene ether glycols obtained by the polymerisation of tetrahydrofuran.
  • Commercially available polyether-polyurethanes useful in the present invention include those sold under the trade names SANCURE 878, AVALURE UR-450 and SANCURE 861 by Goodrich Corporation (Charlotte, N.C.), and NEOREZ R-551 by NeoResins (Waalwijk, The Netherlands).
  • the dye receiving layer 3 may include a water dispersible crosslinker. Suitable water-dispersible polyfunctional chemically activatable crosslinking agents are commercially available. These crosslinking agents include dispersible formulations of polyfunctional aziridines, isocyanates, melamine resins, epoxies, oxazolines, carbodiimides and other polyfunctional crosslinkers. In one embodiment, the crosslinking agents are added at an amount in a range of from about 0.1 parts to about 10 parts based on 100 parts total solids. In one embodiment, the crosslinking agents are added at an amount in a range of from about 0.2 parts to about 5 parts based on 100 parts total solids. Adding crosslinking agents to the polyurethane dispersion composition may form an interpenetrating or interconnected network having crosslinked matrixes is formed which link the blended polymers with covalent and/or non-covalent linkages.
  • the dye receiving layer 3 may have a predetermined thickness based on factors such as viscosity; application type, amount and method; desired end use; and the like.
  • the thickness may be in a range of about 1 ⁇ m to about 50 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness may be in a range of from about 1 ⁇ m to about 25 ⁇ m, and in one embodiment in a range of from about 25 um to about 50 um.
  • the image receiving sheet 1 may be applied to applications where thermal transfer printing can be conducted. Suitable applications include image receiving sheets in a flat sheet or roll form, cards and sheets for preparing transparent originals. Selection of the parameters defining the substrate sheet 2 may aid in tailoring the image receiving sheet 1 to the desired application.
  • a coating composition comprising the ingredients listed in Table 1 is prepared as follows. Equal amounts by weight of water and of the blend of polyurethane dispersions were added together, i.e., 100 parts water to 100 parts dispersion.
  • the coating composition was then coated onto a semi-clear, biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate web.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the web may have a thickness of about 25 micrometers.
  • the coating was dried at a temperature of 90 degrees Celsius and a line speed of 120 meters/minute to form an image receiving layer.
  • the dry coat weight of the image receiving layer was in a range of from about 0.8 g/m 2 to about 1 g/m 2 .
  • Example 1 The coating composition of Example 1 was also coated onto a matte chrome, biaxially oriented PET substrate having a thickness of 50 microns, and onto a white, biaxially oriented PET substrate having a thickness of 50 microns.
  • Ingredient list for Example 1. Ingredient % wt. Polyurethane dispersion 70 (NEOREZ R-551: aliphatic polyether urethane dispersion, 35.5% solids) Polyurethane dispersion 29.9 (NEOREZ R-989: aliphatic polyester urethane dispersion, 40% solids) Crosslinker 0.1 (Crosslinker CX-100: polyfunctional aziridine crosslinker)
  • a coating composition comprising the ingredients listed in Table 2 is prepared as follows. The ingredients are mixed until substantially uniform and coated onto a substrate web in substantially the same manner as in Example 1. The coated substrate web of PET is suitable for laser printing, and with UV curable inks. TABLE 2 Ingredient list for Example 2. Ingredient % wt. Polyurethane dispersion 48.4 (NEOREZ R-563: aliphatic polyether urethane dispersion, 35.5% solids) Silica dispersion 0.5 (Polymer Product-FP 44) Anionic aqueous emulsion of combined waxes 1.0 (AQUACER 537: amino alcohol) Crosslinker 0.1 (Crosslinker CX-100: polyfunctional aziridine crosslinker) Water 50.0
  • AQUACER 537 which is commercially available from Byk-Cera, which is a subsidiary of Byk-Chemie a division of ALTANA AG (Bad Homburg, Germany) is 2-diethylaminoethanol.

Abstract

A thermal transfer image-receiving polymeric sheet capable of recording thereon thermally transferred dye or ink images in a clear and sharp form. The image-receiving layer comprises at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin and at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyester-polyurethane resin or a silica dispersion or an anionic aqueous emulsion of wax.

Description

    CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
  • This application is a continuation of and claims priority to copending U.S. application Ser. No. 10/797,826, filed Mar. 10, 2004, which claims priority to provisional patent U.S. Application Ser. No. 60/454,258, filed on Mar. 13, 2003, and to provisional patent U.S. Application No. 60/454,960, filed on Mar. 14, 2003. These applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Field of the Invention
  • The present invention relates to a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet. More particularly, the present invention relates to a thermal transfer image-receiving polymeric sheet capable of recording thereon thermally transferred dye or ink images in a clear and sharp form.
  • 2. Discussion of Related Art
  • In thermal transfer recording systems an ink ribbon is heated through a thermal head or by laser or the like in accordance with image information. The heating causes thermal melting, thermal diffusion or sublimation, by which a dye is transferred from the ink ribbon onto a printing sheet to form an image on the printing sheet.
  • The printing sheet generally is made up of a support film having a dye receiving layer coated thereon. The dye receiving layer is a layer that receives a dye or ink transferred thereto from the ink ribbon by heating and preserves an image formed from the dye. Typical dye receiving layers for polymeric substrates comprise at least one dye receptive resin dissolved in an organic solvent. Examples of such solvent borne resins include polyester, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride copolymers such as vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, and thermoplastic resins such as polyurethane resin, polystyrene, acrylic-styrene (AS) resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin, and the like.
  • It may be desirable to reduce or eliminate the use of volatile organic solvents in the process for manufacturing polymeric image receiving sheets. In particular, it may be desirable to employ an aqueous composition for producing an image receiving layer on a polyester substrate without compromising image clarity and durability.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • According to an aspect of the invention, a printing sheet of the type that is used in a thermal transfer recording system is provided. The printing sheet includes a polymeric film support, and an image receiving layer formed on the film support. The image receiving layer may be formed from a coating of an aqueous coating composition. In one embodiment, the aqueous coating composition may include an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyester-polyurethane, and an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyether-polyurethane. In one embodiment, the aqueous coating composition may include an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin, a silica dispersion, and an anionic aqueous emulsion of wax. An aqueous crosslinking agent may be added to the aqueous coating composition, which may then be dried.
  • According to another aspect of the invention, a dye receiving coating composition is provided. In one embodiment, the dye receiving coating composition may include an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyester-polyurethane, and an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyether-polyurethane. In one embodiment, the dye receiving coating composition may include an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin, a silica dispersion, and an anionic aqueous emulsion of wax. An aqueous crosslinking agent may be added to the dye receiving coating composition.
  • According to yet another aspect of the invention, a method of preparing a thermal transfer image receiving sheet is provided. The method provides for coating a substrate sheet surface with the aqueous coating composition. And, drying the aqueous coating composition to form the thermal transfer image receiving sheet.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • In the accompanying drawings:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a cross-section of a thermal transfer image receiving sheet according to the present invention.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
  • The present invention is described in the following descriptions made with reference to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cross section of one example of a thermal transfer image receiving sheet 1 according to the present invention. The thermal transfer image receiving sheet 1 may include a substrate sheet 2 and a dye receiving layer 3 disposed on one surface of the substrate sheet 2.
  • With reference to the substrate sheet 2, the substrate sheet 2 may be formed from sheet materials selected with reference to application specific criteria. Such criteria may include, for example, desired dimensions (height, length and thickness), surface texture, composition, flexibility, and other physical and economic attributes or properties. Suitable sheet materials may include, for example, synthetic papers such as polyolefin type, polystyrene type; wood free paper; art paper; coat paper; cast coat paper; wall paper; lining paper; cellulose fiber paper such as paperboard; various plastic films or sheets such as polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polymethacrylate and polycarbonate.
  • In one embodiment, the substrate sheet 2 may be, or may include, a multilayer polymeric sheet. The multi-layers may be coextruded, or the multi-layers may be laminated together. In one embodiment, the substrate sheet 2 includes both some co-extruded multi-layers and some laminated multi-layers.
  • In addition, a white opaque film may be formed by adding a white pigment, or like fillers, to one or more of the aforementioned synthetic resins and used as the substrate sheet 2. In one embodiment, a foamed film is used as the substrate sheet 2. The foamed film which may be formed by a conventional foaming operation. In one embodiment, the substrate sheet 2 may be a laminated body formed by combining a plurality of the aforementioned single-layered sheets composed of the above listed materials. Examples of such a laminated body may include a laminated body of combined cellulose fiber paper with synthetic paper, and a laminated body of combined cellulose fiber paper with a plastic film or sheet.
  • The thickness of the substrate sheet 2, formed in the manner as mentioned above, may be determined with reference to application specific criteria. Such criteria may include the desired end use. In one embodiment, the sheet thickness is in a range of from about 10 microns or micrometers (μm) to about 300 μm. In one embodiment, the sheet thickness is in a range of from about 10 micrometers or microns (μm) to about 150 μm. In one embodiment, the sheet thickness is in a range of from about 150 micrometers or microns (μm) to about 300 μm.
  • A primer treatment or a corona discharging treatment may be used on the substrate sheet 2 to increase a bonding strength between the substrate sheet 2 and the dye receptor layer 3 to be formed on a surface of the substrate sheet 2.
  • An intermediate layer (not shown) may be provided between the dye receptor layer 3 and the substrate sheet 2 to impart preselected properties. Such properties may include an adhesion property, whiteness or brightness, cushioning property, antistatic property, shielding property, anti-curling property, and the like.
  • A back surface layer (not shown) may be provided onto a surface opposite the surface of the substrate sheet 2 to which the dye receiving layer 3 is formed. The back surface layer may impart preselected properties to the thermal transfer image receiving sheet 1. The properties may include, for example, an enhanced conveying fitness, an enhanced writing property, pollution resistance, anti-curling property, and the like. If desired, an antistatic layer (not shown) containing a commercially available antistatic agent may be provided on the dye receiving layer 2 or the back surface layer to improve the antistatic property of the thermal transfer image receiving sheet 1.
  • The dye receiving layer 2 may be a coating formed from an aqueous composition. In one embodiment, the aqueous coating composition includes at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin and at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyester-polyurethane resin. The polyether-polyurethane resin and the polyester-polyurethane resin may be combined in the coating composition as separate aqueous dispersions. The dispersions will typically comprise colloidally dispersed particles of the polyurethane polymers. In one embodiment, the dye receiving coating composition has a weight ratio of the polyether-polyurethane resin to the polyester-polyurethane resin that is in a range of from about 1:1 to about 2:1, or in a range of from about 2:1 to about 3:1, based on the resin solids of the polyether-polyurethane and the polyester-polyurethane.
  • In one embodiment, the aqueous coating composition includes, an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin, a silica dispersion, and an anionic aqueous emulsion of wax.
  • In one embodiment, the polyester-polyurethane polymer is the reaction product of a predominantly aliphatic polyisocyanate component and a polyester polyol component. As used herein, the term “predominantly aliphatic” means that at least 70 weight percent of the polyisocyanate component is an aliphatic polyisocyanate, in which all of the isocyanate groups are directly bonded to aliphatic or cycloaliphatic groups, irrespective of whether aromatic groups are also present. More preferably, the amount of aliphatic polyisocyanate is at least 85 weight %, and most preferably, 100 weight %, of the polyisocyanate component. Examples of suitable aliphatic polyisocyanates include ethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, cyclohexane-1,4-diisocyanate, 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, cyclopentylene diisocyanate, p-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (p-TMXDI) and its meta isomer (m-TMXDI), hydrogenated 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, and 1-isocyanto-1-methyl-3(4)-isocyanatomethyl cyclohexane (IMCI). Mixtures of aliphatic polyisocyanates can be used.
  • Polyester polyols that may be used in the polyester polyol component include hydroxyl-terminated reaction products of polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, furan dimethanol, cyclohexane dimethanol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane or pentaerythritol, or mixtures thereof. Also included are polycarboxylic acids, especially dicarboxylic acids, and ester-forming derivatives thereof. Examples include succinic, glutaric and adipic acids or their methyl esters, phthalic anhydride and dimethyl terephthalate. Polyesters obtained by the polymerisation of lactones, for example caprolactone, in conjunction with a polyol may also be used. Commercially available polyester-polyurethanes useful in the present invention include those sold under the trade names AVALURE UR-425, AVALURE UR-430, AVALURE UR-405 and AVALURE UR-410 by Goodrich Corporation (Charlotte, N.C.), and NEOREZ R-989 by NeoResins (Waalwijk, The Netherlands).
  • In one embodiment, the polyether-polyurethane polymer is the reaction product of a predominantly aliphatic polyisocyanate component and a polyether polyol component. Useful aliphatic polyisocyanates are described above. Suitable polyether polyols include products obtained by the polymerization of a cyclic oxide or by the addition of one or more such oxides to polyfunctional initiators. Such polymerized cyclic oxides include, for example, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and tetrahydrofuran. Such polyfunctional initiators having oxides added include, for example, water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol, glycerol, trimethylopropane, pentaerythritol and Bisphenols (such as A and F).
  • Suitable polyesters include polyoxypropylene diols and triols, poly (oxyethylene-oxypropylene) diols and triols obtained by the simultaneous or sequential addition of ethylene and propylene oxides to appropriate initiators and polytetramethylene ether glycols obtained by the polymerisation of tetrahydrofuran. Commercially available polyether-polyurethanes useful in the present invention include those sold under the trade names SANCURE 878, AVALURE UR-450 and SANCURE 861 by Goodrich Corporation (Charlotte, N.C.), and NEOREZ R-551 by NeoResins (Waalwijk, The Netherlands).
  • The dye receiving layer 3 may include a water dispersible crosslinker. Suitable water-dispersible polyfunctional chemically activatable crosslinking agents are commercially available. These crosslinking agents include dispersible formulations of polyfunctional aziridines, isocyanates, melamine resins, epoxies, oxazolines, carbodiimides and other polyfunctional crosslinkers. In one embodiment, the crosslinking agents are added at an amount in a range of from about 0.1 parts to about 10 parts based on 100 parts total solids. In one embodiment, the crosslinking agents are added at an amount in a range of from about 0.2 parts to about 5 parts based on 100 parts total solids. Adding crosslinking agents to the polyurethane dispersion composition may form an interpenetrating or interconnected network having crosslinked matrixes is formed which link the blended polymers with covalent and/or non-covalent linkages.
  • The dye receiving layer 3, to be formed as mentioned above, may have a predetermined thickness based on factors such as viscosity; application type, amount and method; desired end use; and the like. In one embodiment, the thickness may be in a range of about 1 μm to about 50 μm. In one embodiment, the thickness may be in a range of from about 1 μm to about 25 μm, and in one embodiment in a range of from about 25 um to about 50 um.
  • The image receiving sheet 1 may be applied to applications where thermal transfer printing can be conducted. Suitable applications include image receiving sheets in a flat sheet or roll form, cards and sheets for preparing transparent originals. Selection of the parameters defining the substrate sheet 2 may aid in tailoring the image receiving sheet 1 to the desired application.
    • EXAMPLES
  • The following examples are intended only to illustrate methods and embodiments in accordance with the invention, and as such should not be construed as imposing limitations upon the claims. Unless specified otherwise, all ingredients are commercially available from such common chemical suppliers as Sigma Aldrich, Inc. (St. Louis, Mo.) and/or Fisher Scientific International, Inc. (Hanover Park, Ill.).
    • Example 1
  • A coating composition comprising the ingredients listed in Table 1 is prepared as follows. Equal amounts by weight of water and of the blend of polyurethane dispersions were added together, i.e., 100 parts water to 100 parts dispersion.
  • The coating composition was then coated onto a semi-clear, biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate web. The web may have a thickness of about 25 micrometers. The coating was dried at a temperature of 90 degrees Celsius and a line speed of 120 meters/minute to form an image receiving layer. The dry coat weight of the image receiving layer was in a range of from about 0.8 g/m2 to about 1 g/m2.
  • The coating composition of Example 1 was also coated onto a matte chrome, biaxially oriented PET substrate having a thickness of 50 microns, and onto a white, biaxially oriented PET substrate having a thickness of 50 microns.
    TABLE 1
    Ingredient list for Example 1.
    Ingredient % wt.
    Polyurethane dispersion 70
    (NEOREZ R-551: aliphatic polyether urethane dispersion, 35.5%
    solids)
    Polyurethane dispersion 29.9
    (NEOREZ R-989: aliphatic polyester urethane dispersion, 40%
    solids)
    Crosslinker 0.1
    (Crosslinker CX-100: polyfunctional aziridine crosslinker)
    • Example 2
  • A coating composition comprising the ingredients listed in Table 2 is prepared as follows. The ingredients are mixed until substantially uniform and coated onto a substrate web in substantially the same manner as in Example 1. The coated substrate web of PET is suitable for laser printing, and with UV curable inks.
    TABLE 2
    Ingredient list for Example 2.
    Ingredient % wt.
    Polyurethane dispersion 48.4
    (NEOREZ R-563: aliphatic polyether urethane dispersion, 35.5%
    solids)
    Silica dispersion 0.5
    (Polymer Product-FP 44)
    Anionic aqueous emulsion of combined waxes 1.0
    (AQUACER 537: amino alcohol)
    Crosslinker 0.1
    (Crosslinker CX-100: polyfunctional aziridine crosslinker)
    Water 50.0
  • AQUACER 537, which is commercially available from Byk-Cera, which is a subsidiary of Byk-Chemie a division of ALTANA AG (Bad Homburg, Germany) is 2-diethylaminoethanol.
  • While the invention has been explained in relation to embodiments, it is to be understood that various modifications thereof will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the specification. Therefore, it is to be understood that the invention disclosed herein is intended to cover such modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims, and to cover insubstantial variations thereof.

Claims (13)

1. A thermal transfer image receiving sheet comprising:
a substrate sheet supporting an image receiving resinous layer for receiving a transferred image, wherein the image receiving layer is formed by drying an aqueous coating composition,
the aqueous coating composition comprising (a) at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin, and at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyester-polyurethane resin, or (b) at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin, a silica dispersion, and an anionic aqueous emulsion of wax; and an aqueous crosslinking agent.
2. The thermal transfer image receiving sheet of claim 1 wherein the substrate sheet comprises polyester.
3. The thermal transfer image receiving sheet of claim 2 wherein the substrate sheet comprises polyethylene terephthalate.
4. The thermal transfer image receiving sheet of claim 1 wherein the polyether-polyurethane resin comprises the reaction product of an aliphatic polyisocyanate component and a polyether polyol component.
5. The thermal transfer image receiving sheet of claim 1 wherein the polyester-polyurethane resin comprises the reaction product of an aliphatic polyisocyanate component and a polyester polyol component.
6. The thermal transfer image receiving sheet of claim 1 wherein the image receiving resinous layer has a thickness in a range of from about 1 micrometers to about 50 micrometers.
7. A dye receiving coating composition comprising:
an aqueous dispersion of at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin;
a silica dispersion; and
an anionic aqueous emulsion of wax.
8. The dye receiving coating composition of claim 7 further comprising a multifunctional crosslinking agent.
9. The dye receiving coating composition of claim 8 wherein the multifunctional crosslinking agent comprises a polyfunctional aziridine.
10. The dye receiving coating composition of claim 8 wherein the coating composition is substantially free of organic solvent.
11. The dye receiving coating composition of claim 7 wherein the anionic aqueous emulsion of wax comprises 2-diethylaminoethanol.
12. The dye receiving coating composition of claim 7 wherein the aliphatic polyether polyurethane comprises the reaction product of an aliphatic polyisocyanate component and a polyether polyol component.
13. A method of forming a thermal transfer image receiving sheet, comprising:
coating a substrate sheet surface with an aqueous coating composition, the aqueous coating composition comprising (a) at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin, at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyester-polyurethane resin, and an aqueous crosslinking agent; or (b) an aqueous dispersion of at least one water dispersible aliphatic polyether-polyurethane resin, a silica dispersion, and an anionic aqueous emulsion of wax, and an aqueous crosslinking agent; and
drying the aqueous coating composition, and thereby to form the thermal transfer image receiving sheet.
US11/625,394 2003-03-13 2007-01-22 Thermal transfer image receiving sheet and method Abandoned US20070116905A1 (en)

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EP2261044B1 (en) 2014-07-16

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