US2007563A - Mechanical movement - Google Patents

Description

A. E. DE KONING MECHANICAL MOVEMENT July 9, 1935.

Filed Mafch 9, 1931 Bnvenfor (Ittorneg Patented July 9, 1935 UNI-TED; STATES PATENT OFFICE .MEcnAnroAL MOVEMENT Arthur E'. De Koning, Portlandroreg. Q 1 Application Means,1931,.semmm'm 8 n w My invention consists in means for guiding in parallel, or fixed angular relationship two planes in separative movement, and a certain embodiment of the device with cooperating members in a sawing machine. .1 1?

The principal object of my invention is to provide reliable and durablemeans for'accomplishing this effect adaptable for use asa means for projecting cutting tools through the "work in determinate, rectilinear paths. 4

A second object is to provide such a guide .means of comparatively great a'mplitudeof oper ative movement in that-space whose magnitude in the direction of such motion is no greater than the distance of separation of the stationary and projected planes. ..A third and particular objector my invention is the provision of a sawing machine ,whose blade is capable of rectilinear movement in that'plane containing it, through a relatively great' distanc'e and .whose dimension in the direction of move- .ment of the saw blade is approximately equal only. to the diameter of the saw'blade whenthe sameisretracted. l M er Other objects and advantages of. my invention will be apparentin the following discourse wherein the significance of the reference characters in .the accompanying drawing, details of construction and. manner of operation of atypical machine embodying myinven-tion and the particular advantages thereof are explained.

Figure 1 is a diagrammaticperspective representation of the essential efiects of the device-of myinventiorn f v a Figure 2 is a diagrammatic. representation of the essential elements of'thedevice. 1

, Figure 3 represents a perspective view-of a sawing machine in which my invention ise'mbodie'd wherefrom .the saw-blade has been removed.

7 Figure representsatop view of thesawing machine.-;

Figure represents a sideview of thelocking device used to hold the saw in its retracted position together with fragmentary portions of supportin'gjand cooperating parts;

Figure 6is adiagr'am illustrative of certain proportions of the elements of the machine.

Figure '7 is a diagram illustrative of certain proportions of other elements cooperating with those illustrated in Figure 6.

The essential elements ofthe machine comprise two rigid links I' and 2 (Figure 2) attached together and to the supporting and; supported 'members 3' and 4 respeetively,-by three parallel shafts, or pivots 5, 6' and 1' respectively, and

two other rigid links 8' and 9 similarly connected A togethenand to the supporting and supported members 3' and 4' respectively by three shafts,

or pivots 10TH, and I2 disposed perpendicularly to the pivots 5, 6', and I. The two extreme limits of movement of a cutting tool such as a circular saw mounted upon the supported membet 4 are indicated bythe circles in broken lines l3- and M the path of motion of the saw is indicated by the straight line I5. The positions of the several links and pivots when the saw occupies the position indicated by l3 are indicated by'the broken lines as I6 while the path of the pivot. 10 is indicated by the arc ll.

. The. essential effects of this combination of links, pivots, and attachments therefor are. illustrated in Figure 1. It is desired to guide the motion of a plane A in motion reciprocally in the direction of the line 0-D normal thereto and to the fixed plane B coincidentally parallel with the plane A. A member revolving about the axis X--X would be constrained to motion parallel with the plane V normal thereto and perpendicular to the plane '5 in which lies the axis XW-X'.

Likewise a member revolving about the axis Y'--Y' would be constrained to motion parallel with the plane H normal thereto and also perpendicular to the plane B in which lies the axis Y Y'. The only motion possible in a member .pivotally mounted upon both the axes X'-X and Y' Y would be along the line C-D coincident with the line of intersection of the two planes V and H. It is obvious that a single integral member mounted upon both'axes would be fixed and immobile. I

' .If, however, separate members are rotatably -mounted-upon these two axes and two similar ported by such a system in the direction of the line C-D normal thereto would 1 be possible. Thus the constraints of movements of members about two systems of angularly separated axes are combined to constrain motion in the line of intersection of the planes into which the two systemsof members are constrained respectively.

A further effect is that theplane A, in relation to which the axes X-X and Y-Y are rigidly related. moves in the direction of the normal .C--D preciselyparallel with the plane B in relation to which the axes X'-X and Y-Y are rigidly related.

While the most advantageous relationship of the angularly disposed systems of axes is the true perpendicular, it will be obvious that great variations from the perpendicular will not change the relative motion of the plane A with reference to the plane B. As for instance, the axes X-X and XX may be disposed horizontally and the axes Y-Y and Y'Y' may be disposed at only a slight angular separation of merely a few degrees. Parallelism of the axes in each system is the only critical requirement of these effects. I

In the application of this principle variations in the precise form of the apparatus just -de-. scribed are necessitated by reason of the fact that practical construction does" not admit of disposing the several elements as illustrated in the diagram. Identical effects, however, are provided for by the means employed in the device of my invention distinguished by unequal link lengths and variant dispositions of the terminal axes of the link systems, the one complementary to the other, designed to provide for the folding of the mechanism into the smallest space. Particularly, the horizontal axis I I is raised and shifted laterally and the link 8 is proportionately lengthened. The opposite axis I2 is lowered and the link 9' shortened.

The embodiment of thesefeatures in a machine for practical use is shown in the Figures 3 and 4. In Figure 3 it will be observed that the links 8 and 9 are of unequal length and the termini thereof are situated at differentlevels so that the axis I2 moves through a plane situated below the axis II. In Figure 4 it will be observed that both terminal axes of the link system composed of the linksI and 2 are situated in the plane through which the axis at 1 moves. The link systems thus approach a common plane perpendicular to the line of motor of the tool-head 25 and hence fold into a very compact space.

An exaggerated degree of these relationships is illustrated in the Figures 6 and '7 wherein the link I is represented by I, the link 2 by 2", the joint therebetween by 5", the terminal axes of links I" and 2 by 6" and 1 respectively, the link 8 by 8 in Figure 7 the link 9 by 9", the joint therebetween by ID, the terminal axes of links 8 and 9 by II" and I2 respectively, and the extended positions of these parts by the broken line figures.

In Figure 6, the axis I has motion in the plane indicated at f separated from the plane at 9, containing the terminal axis 6", by the distance 70 which is substantially equal to the difference in length of the links I" and 2", in turn, of lengths approximately equal to j and 1' respectively.

Likewise, in Figure '7, the lengths of the links 8 and 9 are substantially of the lengths d and 0 respectively while the difference of length thereof is approximately equal to the distance 6 by which the planes at a. and b, containing the terminal axes I I" and I2, are separated.

The terminal axes 6" and 1" may thus be considered as having motion relatively in the planes g and 7 respectively, and the terminal axes II" and I2 as having motion relatively in the planes at and b.

The two links systems may, therefore, be composed of links of such complementary length as will be substantially equal to the distance between the planes containing the axes joining the separate links into pairs and the planes contain ing the terminal axes of the links when the machine is in the retracted position. Stated in another manner, the difference in length of the links in each pair is substantially equal to the distance of separation of the planes containing the terminal axes thereof and through which the latter may be said to move relatively. These proportions provide for the folding of the links into a very compact space approaching a plane normal to the direction of movement of the terminal axes.

The sawing machine in which this device has been embodied comprises a base casting 20 to which the table bracket 2I is bolted with its supporting face 22 aligned with the horizontal, a revolving frame 23 rotatably mounted atop thereof by means of the clamping bolt and nut 24 with which it is secured in the desired position, two link systems as described mounted upon the "revolving frame 23'and carrying a head assembly 25.

The link systems comprise a linkB pivotally attached to the revolving frame 23 by a horizontal shaft at II and pivotally attached by a second horizontal shaft at I0 to the second link 9 whose outermost end is attached by a third horizontal shaft at I2 to the head assembly 25, and counterparts of these links and pivots mounted upon vertical shafts in which the link I is pivotally attached to the revolving frame 23 by a vertical shaft at 6 and connected to the link 2 by a second vertical shaft at 5, the outermost end of the link 2 being connected to the head assembly by a third vertical shaft at I.

'A direct-driven saw arbor 26 and motor therefor 21 are suitably mounted upon the head 4 to allow of adjustment about a horizontal axis and vertically to permit of cutting to a predetermined depth and bevel with reference to the table supported upon the face 22 of the table bracket 2|. The hand wheel 28 is provided to facilitate this adjustment of depth of cut.

A reflecting spring 29 is mounted upon a rod 30 pivotally secured to the revolving frame 23 at 3I to engage the stop 32 pivotally mounted upon the link 2 so that the momentum of the machine in a forward stroke may be utilized to return the saw to its retracted position with a minimum of effort and time.

Another valuable characteristic of this machine is that by virtue of the weight of the links 8 and 9 the saw tends to move backward; no other .means is thus required to cause the retraction of '31 through suitable means to cause it torotate 'upon its pivot at 38 and so cause the disengagement of its hooked portion 39 from a suitable engagement 40 formed on the revolving frame 23. The descent of the arm 36 by force of gravity causes the engagement of the hook with the revolving frame and thus secures the 'saw in its retracted position against accidental extension.

Electrical control apparatus for the motor is indicated at 4| and the flexible conduit serving the motor at 42.

It will be apparent that the device is applicable to a great'number of mechanical devices among which might be mentioned the following: sawing machines such as the one described, metal planing and shaping machines, drilling machines, and any device or contrivance requiring an easy working rigidly guided reciprocating movement.

Having described my invention what I claim is:

A sawing machine comprising, in combination, a base, a frame rotatably mounted upon said base, a tool head, two systems of links of several 10 lengths joined together respectively upon parallel axes opposite termini of which systems are connected to said rotatable frame and said. tool head respectively upon rigidly related axes mutually inclined and disposed upon said rotatable frame and said tool head in planes parallel with the line of motion of said tool head and respectively separated by distances substantially equal to the difference in length of the links constituting each pair. I

ARTHUR E. DE KONING.

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