US20080140060A1 - Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth - Google Patents
Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080140060A1 US20080140060A1 US12/069,295 US6929508A US2008140060A1 US 20080140060 A1 US20080140060 A1 US 20080140060A1 US 6929508 A US6929508 A US 6929508A US 2008140060 A1 US2008140060 A1 US 2008140060A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pulse
- ablation
- energy
- ablated
- threshold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention includes a method of surgical material removal from a body by optical-ablation with controlled pulse energy from an amplifier including inputting an ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal; controlling the energy of a pulse and the pulse repetition rate and by knowing the type of material being removed, the system can control the removal to predetermined rate and, thus knowing the removal rate, it can know how long to run to stop at the predetermined volume.
Description
- This application is a continuation application and claims the priority benefit of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/916,365, entitled “Ablative Material Removal With A Preset Removal Rate or Volume or Depth,” filed Aug. 11, 2004, which is hereby incorporated by reference and which in turn claims the priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/494,273, entitled “Ablative Material Removal With A Preset Removal Rate or Volume or Depth,” filed Aug. 11, 2003 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/503,578, entitled “Controlling Optically-Pumped Optical Pulse Amplifiers,” filed Sep. 17, 2003.
- The present invention relates in general to the field of light amplification and, more particularly to ablative material removal using a preset removal rate or volume or depth.
- Ablative material removal is especially useful for medical purposes, either in-vivo or on the outside surface (e.g., skin or tooth), as it is essentially non-thermal and generally painless. Ablative removal of material is generally done with a short optical pulse that is stretched, amplified and then compressed. A number of types of laser amplifiers have been used for the amplification.
- Laser machining can remove ablatively material by disassociate the surface atoms and melting the material. Laser ablation is done efficiently with a beam of short pulses (generally a pulse-duration of three picoseconds or less). Techniques for generating these ultra-short pulses (USP) are described, e.g., in a book entitled “Femtosecond Laser Pulses” (C. Rulliere, editor), published 1998, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York. Generally large systems, such as Ti:Sapphire, are used for generating ultra-short pulses (USP).
- USP phenomenon was first observed in the 1970's, when it was discovered that mode-locking a broad-spectrum laser could produce ultra-short pulses. The minimum pulse duration attainable is limited by the bandwidth of the gain medium, which is inversely proportional to this minimal or Fourier-transform-limited pulse duration. Mode-locked pulses are typically very short and will spread (i.e., undergo temporal dispersion) as they traverse any medium. Subsequent pulse-compression techniques are often used to obtain USP's. Pulse dispersion can occur within the laser cavity so that compression techniques are sometimes added intra-cavity. When high-power pulses are desired, they are intentionally lengthened before amplification to avoid internal component optical damage. This is referred to as “Chirped Pulse Amplification” (CPA). The pulse is subsequently compressed to obtain a high peak power (pulse-energy amplification and pulse-duration compression).
- Ablative material removal with a short optical pulse is especially useful for medical purposes and can be done either in-vivo or on the body surface (e.g., skin or tooth), as it is essentially non-thermal and generally painless. One embodiment, the removal volume or depth for ablative material removal is preset. In one embodiment, the pulse energy density applied to the body is between 2.5 and 3.6 times ablation threshold of the body portion being ablated, whereby a relatively constant removal per pulse is accomplished. In one embodiment, the pulse energy density is controlled by controlling pulse energy, whereby it is much more convenient than changing the ablation spot size. In one embodiment, material removal at a predetermined rate and/or stop at a predetermined volume or depth is accomplished by controlling the energy of a pulse and the pulse repetition rate for the type of material being removed.
- In one embodiment, the total volume to be removed is known. In other embodiments a certain volume is removed and inspect before proceeding. In either case it is convenient to have a system that removes a predetermined volume. In one embodiment, the control of pulse energy allows a reasonably accurate volume removal per pulse, other embodiment may combine this with a controlled repetition rate allowing a reasonably accurate volume removal per unit of time. One embodiment, the invention controls the removal of material to predetermined rate through controlling the energy of a pulse and the pulse repetition rate, e.g., as described above, and by knowing the type of material being removed, thus, knowing the removal rate, it can know how long to run to stop at the predetermined volume.
- Materials are most efficiently removed at pulse energy densities about three times the materials ablation threshold, and as materials ablate at different thresholds, efficient operation requires control of the pulse energy density. Typically in surgery, the ablation has a threshold of less than 1 Joule per square centimeter, but occasionally surgical removal, especially of foreign material, may require dealing with an ablation threshold of up to about 2 Joules per square centimeter. In one embodiment, the pulse energy densities are controlled at three times the materials ablation threshold. Control of pulse energy also allows reasonably accurate volume removal per pulse, which combined with a controlled repetition rate, allows reasonably accurate volume removal per unit of time. Pulse energy density can be controlled through controlling the pulse energy. In one embodiment, controlling pulse repetition rate of a fiber amplifiers operating at high repetition rates can be controled by optical pumping power or pulse energy. In one embodiment, the invention is fine-tuning by controlling optical pumping power.
- In one embodiment, the ablation rate is controllable independent of pulse energy. The use of two or more amplifier in parallel a train mode (pulses from one amplifier being delayed to arrive one or more nanoseconds after those from another amplifier) allows step-wise control of ablation rate independent of pulse energy density. In one embodiment, step-wise control of ablation rate independent of pulse energy density is accomplished using two or more amplifier in parallel a train mode. At lower desired ablation rates, one or more amplifiers can be shut down. The use of parallel amplifiers in a train-mode in either type of system provides faster ablation, while providing greater cooling surface area to minimize thermal problems. In one embodiment, one or more of the parallel amplifiers can be shut down.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a method of the of material removal from a body by optical-ablation with controlled pulse energy from a fiber amplifier, including inputting an ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal; utilizing an optical oscillator in the generation of a series of wavelength-swept-with-time pulses; primarily controlling pulse energy based on the ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal by either selecting pulses from the oscillator generated series of wavelength-swept-with-time pulses, wherein the fraction of pulses selected can be controllably varied to give a selected pulse repetition rate that is a fraction of the oscillator repetition rate, or passing electrical current through at least one pump diode to generate pumping light, optically pumping the fiber amplifier with the pumping light, and controlling pump diode current; amplifying the wavelength-swept-with-time pulse with the fiber-amplifier; time-compressing the amplified pulse and illuminating a portion of the body with the time-compressed optical pulse, whereby the volumetric removal rate can be determined from the pulse energy and the ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal.
- In one embodiment, the volume of material to be ablated is inputted and ablation is performed for a length of time to remove that volume. In another embodiment, the depth of material to be ablated is inputted and ablation is performed for a length of time to remove material to that depth at the determined volumetric removal rate.
- One embodiment uses a fiber-amplifier or other optical amplifier (e.g., a Cr:YAG amplifier) and air-path between gratings compressor, e.g., with the amplified pulses between ten picoseconds and one nanosecond. One embodiment, uses an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, and the air-path between gratings compressor preferably is a Tracey grating compressor. Another embodiment uses a chirped fiber compressor combination, e.g., with the initial pulses between 1 and 20 nanoseconds. In one embodiment, two or more fiber-amplifier are used in parallel, or two or more semiconductor optical amplifiers are used in parallel. In one embodiment one or more amplifiers are used with one compressor.
- High ablative pulse repetition rates are preferred and the total pulses per second (the total system repetition rate) from the one or more parallel optical amplifiers is preferably greater than 0.6 million. In one embodiment, the ablative pulse repetition rate totals 0.6 or greater million pulses per second.
- While the making and using of various embodiments of the present invention are discussed in detail below, it should be appreciated that the present invention provides many applicable inventive concepts that can be embodied in a wide variety of specific contexts. The specific embodiments discussed herein are merely illustrative of specific ways to make and use the invention and do not delimit the scope of the invention.
- To facilitate the understanding of this invention, a number of terms are defined below. Terms defined herein have meanings as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the areas relevant to the present invention. Terms such as “a”, “an” and “the” are not intended to refer to only a singular entity, but include the general class of which a specific example may be used for illustration. The terminology herein is used to describe specific embodiments of the invention, but their usage does not delimit the invention, except as outlined in the claims.
- Ablative material removal with a short optical pulse is especially useful for medical purposes and can be done either in-vivo or on the body surface and ablative material removal with a preset removal volume is sometimes desirable. Control of pulse energy density (preferably the ablation spot has an essentially fixed area, and thus controlling pulse energy controls pulse energy density) in the ablation spot for optimum removal efficiency is not only desirable for efficiency's sake, but also gives a knowable removal per pulse. One embodiment controls the energy of a pulse and the pulse repetition rate to control the removal to predetermined rate and/or stop at a predetermined volume. Typically, the ablation has a threshold of less than 1 Joule per square centimeter, but occasionally surgical removal of foreign material may require dealing with an ablation threshold of up to about 2 Joules per square centimeter. Some materials ablate much faster than others and control of the ablation rate is desirable. Control of pulse energy density in the ablation spot for optimum removal efficiency is therefore, desirable. In one embodiment, the pulse density of a fiber amplifier is controlled step-wise by controlling repetition rate, and in another embodiment, the pulse density controlled or fine-tuned by controlling optical pumping power. One embodiment uses 1550 nm light.
- In one embodiment, the ablation rate is controlled independent of pulse energy. One embodiment uses two or more amplifiers in train mode (pulses from one amplifier being delayed to arrive one or more nanoseconds after those from another amplifier) to step-wise control the ablation rate independent of pulse energy. In embodiments desiring lower desired ablation rates, one or more amplifiers are shut off (e.g., the optical pumping to the fiber amplifier shut off), and there will be fewer pulses per train. In one embodiment, 20 amplifiers produce a maximum of 20 pulses in a train, and in other embodiments three or four amplifiers are used to produce three or four pulses per train. Alternately, while continuous wave (CW) operation might generally be used in operating amplifiers, amplifiers might be run in a staggered fashion, e.g., on for a first period and then turned off for one second period, and a first period dormant amplifier turned on during the second period, and so forth, to spread the heat load. In one embodiment, two or more amplifiers are configured to run in a staggered fashion. In one embodiment having a known type of material being removed, the removal to predetermined rate is accomplished by controlling the energy of a pulse and the pulse repetition rate, whereby knowing the removal rate the system can automatically stop when the predetermined volume is removed. If the area of removal is fixed during the ablation and the removal rate is known, the system can automatically stop when material has been removed to a predetermined depth.
- One embodiment includes a fiber-amplifier and a compressor allowing the invention to be man-portable. As used herein, the term “man-portable” can mean capable of being moved reasonably easily by one person, e.g., as wheeling a wheeled cart from room to room or possibly even being carried in a backpack.
- One embodiment includes the removal of material from a body by optical-ablation with controlled pulse energy from a fiber amplifier, including inputting an ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal; utilizing an optical oscillator in the generation of a series of wavelength-swept-with-time pulses; primarily controlling pulse energy based on the ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal by either selecting pulses from the oscillator generated series of wavelength-swept-with-time pulses, wherein the fraction of pulses selected can be controllably varied to give a selected pulse repetition rate that is a fraction of the oscillator repetition rate, or passing electrical current through at least one pump diode to generate pumping light, optically pumping the fiber amplifier with the pumping light, and controlling pump diode current; using an ablation spot-size sensor to measure the ablation spot size and dynamically adjusting either the fraction of pulses selected or the pump diode current for changes in ablation spot size from the nominal spot size; amplifying the wavelength-swept-with-time pulse with the fiber-amplifier; time-compressing the amplified pulse and illuminating a portion of the body with the time-compressed optical pulse, whereby controlling the pulse selection and/or the pump diode controls the pulse energy; and determining a volumetric removal rate from the pulse energy and the ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal. Preferably, a volume of material to be ablated is inputted and ablation is performed for a length of time to remove that volume at the volumetric removal rate.
- In one embodiment, the inputting of an ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal is by a selector switch, whereby the selector switch is used to directly or indirectly select a volume removal per pulse level. In one embodiment, the average pulse energy is between about 2.5 and about 3.6 times the ablation threshold. Another embodiment uses a multi-position selector switch to indicate classes of materials, whereby setting the switch to one of those classes results in the selection. In one embodiment, the volume removed per pulse is related to the ablation threshold. In one embodiment an indexed switch is used to select one of two or more levels of volume removed per pulse.
- In one embodiment, the ablation probe is mounted on an x-y-z-positioner. In another embodiment, the probe is moved in the z-direction to follow surfaces. One embodiment, scans an ablation area by moving the beam without moving the probe. Another embodiment scans a larger area by moving the beam over a first area, and then stepping the probe to second portion of the large area and then scanning the beam over the second area, and so on.
- In one embodiment, the initial pulse is amplified by a fiber-amplifier (e.g., a erbium-doped fiber amplifier or EDFA) and compressed by an air-path between gratings compressor (e.g., a Tracey grating compressor), with the compression creating a sub-picosecond ablation pulse to produce a initial pulses of between about 10 picoseconds and about one nanosecond. Another embodiment uses a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and with a chirped fiber compressor. Generally, a semiconductor optical amplifier produces a pulse of between about 1 and 20 nanosecond during amplification. One embodiment uses a semiconductor generated initial pulse and a SOA preamplifier to amplify the initial pulse before introduction into the fiber amplifier.
- While the compressors in either type of system can be run with inputs from more than one amplifier, reflections from the parallel amplifiers can cause a loss of efficiency, and thus should be minimized. The loss is especially important if the amplifiers are amplifying signals at the same time, as is the case with the SOAs. In one embodiment each of the parallel SOAs has its own compressor, whereby the amplified pulses may be put into a single fiber after the compressors, reducing greatly the reflections from the joining (e.g., in a star connector). Fiber amplifiers allow a nanosecond spacing of sub-nanosecond pulses minimizes amplifying of multiple signals at the same time, and a single compressor is used. In one embodiment multiple fiber amplifiers are used with a single compressor.
- Fiber amplifiers have a storage lifetime of about 100 to 300 microseconds and for ablations purposes, fiber amplifiers have generally been operated with a time between pulses of equal to or greater than the storage lifetime, and thus are generally run a repetition rate of less than 3-10 kHz. Fiber amplifiers are available with average power of 30 W or more. In one embodiment a moderate-power 5 W average power fiber amplifiers is operated to produce a pulses of 500 or more microjoules. In one embodiment, energy densities above the ablation threshold are needed for non-thermal ablation, and increasing the energy in such a system, increases the ablation rate in either depth or allows larger areas of ablation or both. One embodiment, run a fiber amplifier with a time between pulses of a fraction (e.g., one-half or less) of the storage lifetime and use a smaller ablation spot. In one embodiment, the spot is about 50 microns or less in diameter, and other embodiments allow a smaller spot to be scanned to get a larger effective ablation area.
- One embodiment increases the ablation rate by increasing the effective repetition rate using parallel fiber amplifiers to generate a train of pulses, wherein thermal problems are avoided and controlling the ablation rate using a lesser number of operating fiber amplifiers. One embodiment uses a SOA preamplifier to amplify the initial pulse before splitting to drive multiple parallel fiber amplifiers and another SOA before the introduction of the signal into each fiber amplifier, whereby individual fiber amplifiers can be shut down rapidly.
- One embodiment uses a 1 ns pulse with a fiber amplifier and air optical-compressor (e.g., a Tracey grating compressor) giving a compression with ˜40% losses. At less than 1 ns, the losses in a Tracey grating compressor are generally lower. If the other-than-compression losses are about 10%, 2 nanoJoules are needed from the amplifier to get 1 nanoJoule on the target. The use of greater than 1 ns pulses in an air optical-compressor presents two problems; the difference in path length for the extremes of long and short wavelengths needs to be about three cm or more and thus the compressor is large and expensive, and the losses increase with a greater degree of compression.
- In another embodiment, a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and a chirped fiber compressor, with pulses of between about 1 and about 20 nanosecond during amplification are run at repetition rates with a time between pulses of the semiconductor storage lifetime or more. In one embodiment, a semiconductor generated initial sub-picosecond pulse and a SOA preamplifier is used to amplify the initial pulse before splitting to drive multiple SOAs. In one embodiment, a smaller ablation spot is scanned to increase the effective ablation area. One embodiment uses parallel SOAs to generate a train of pulses to increase the ablation rate by further increasing the effective repetition rate, wherein thermal problems are avoided and ablation rate is controlled by the use of a lesser number of operating SOAs. One embodiment operates with pulse energy densities at about three times the ablation threshold.
- Ablative material removal is especially useful for medical purposes either “in-vivo” or on the body surface and typically has an ablation threshold of less than 1 Joule per square centimeter, but may occasionally require surgical removal of foreign material with an ablation threshold of up to about 2 Joules per square centimeter. One embodiment uses two or more amplifiers in parallel train mode, whereby pulses from one amplifier being delayed to arrive one or more nanoseconds after those from another amplifier. At lower desired powers, one or more amplifiers can be shut off (e.g., the optical pumping to a fiber amplifier), and there will be fewer pulses per train. One embodiment includes 20 amplifiers producing a maximum of 20 pulses in a train, however other embodiments can use three or four amplifiers and produce three or four pulses per train.
- Generally, the fiber amplifiers are optically-pumped continuous wave (CW) (and are amplifying perhaps 100,000 times per second in 1 nanosecond pulses). Alternately, non-CW-pumping might be used in operating amplifiers, with amplifiers run in a staggered fashion, e.g., one on for a first half-second period and then turned off for a second half-second period, and another amplifier, dormant during the first-period, turned on during the second period, and so forth, to spread the heat load. In one embodiment, the amplifiers are optically-pumped CW. In other embodiments the amplifiers are non-CW-pumped.
- One embodiment controls the input optical signal power, optical pumping power of fiber amplifiers, timing of input pulses, length of input pulses, and timing between start of optical pumping and start of optical signals to control pulse power, and average degree of energy storage in fiber.
- In one embodiment, the oscillator, amplifier and compressor are within a man-portable system, and/or the compression is done in an- air-path between gratings compressor. In one embodiment, the compressed optical pulse has a sub-picosecond duration, and the oscillator pulse has a duration between about 10 picoseconds and about one nanosecond. In one embodiment, ablation is preformed from an outside surface of the body and another embodiment ablation is done inside the body. In some embodiments, one or more amplifiers are used in a mode where amplified pulses from one amplifier are delayed to arrive one or more nanoseconds after those from any other amplifier, to allow control of ablation rate independent of pulse energy. In one embodiment, the pulse energy applied to the body is between about 2.5 and 3.6 times ablation threshold of the body portion being ablated, whereby a relatively constant removal per pulse is achieved. Preset removal rate, as used herein includes controlling the removal per pulse by controlling the pulse energy to give a pulse energy density between 2.5 and 3.6 times ablation threshold for the spot size.
- One embodiment uses a fiber amplifiers have a maximum power of 4 MW, and thus a 10-microJoule ablation pulse could be as short as 2 ps. Thus a 10 ps, 10 microJoule pulse, at 500 kHz (or 50 microJoule with 100 kHz). In one embodiment, two or more amplifiers are operated in a train mode and switching fiber amplifiers. In one embodiment, the running of ten fiber amplifiers are rotated such that only five are operating at any one time (e.g., each on for 1/10th of a second and off for 1/10th of a second). One embodiment, has ten fiber amplifiers with time spaced inputs, e.g., by 1 ns, to give a train of one to 10 pulses. In one embodiment, 5 W amplifiers operating at 100 kHz (and e.g., 50 microJoules) are stepped between 100 kHz and 1 MHz. With 50% post-amplifier optical efficiency and 50 microJoules, to get 6 J/sq. cm on the target, the spot size would be about 20 microns.
- Another embodiment has 20 fiber amplifiers with time spaced inputs, by 1 ns, to give a train of one to 20 pulses. With 5 W amplifiers operating at 50 kHz (and e.g., 100 microJoules) this could step between 50 kHz and 1 MHz. With 50% post-amplifier optical efficiency and 100 microJoules, to get 6 J/sq. cm on the target, the spot size would be about 33 microns. In one embodiment, the amplified pulse is about 50 to about 100 picoseconds long. Another embodiment having 10 fiber amplifiers can step between 50 kHz and 500 kHz.
- Another embodiment has 5 W amplifiers operating at 20 kHz (and e.g., 250 microJoules) with 10 fiber amplifiers and can step between 20 kHz and 200 kHz. With 50% post-amplifier optical efficiency and 250 microJoules, to get 6 J/sq. cm on the target, the spot size would be about 50 microns. The amplified pulse is about 100 to about 250 picoseconds long. Another embodiment having 30 fiber amplifiers can step between 20 kHz and 600 kHz.
- Generally, the pulse generator controls the input repetition rate of the fiber amplifiers to tune energy per pulse to about three times threshold per pulse. In one embodiment, the pulse generator controls the input repetition rate of the fiber amplifiers. Another embodiment generates a sub-picosecond pulse and time-stretching the pulse within semiconductor pulse generator to give the initial wavelength-swept-with-time initial pulse.
- One embodiment measures light leakage from the delivery fiber to get a feedback proportional to pulse power and/or energy for control purposes. One embodiment measures the spot size with a video camera. In one embodiment, the measurement is with a stationary spot, and another embodiment uses a linear scan.
- In one embodiment a camera is used (see “Camera Containing Medical Tool” provisional application No. 60/472,071; Docket No. ABI-4; filed May 20, 2003; which is incorporated by reference herein) including an optical fiber in a probe to convey an image back to a vidicon-containing remote camera body. In one embodiment, the camera is used “in-vivo.” One embodiment uses a handheld beam-emitting probe.
- Smaller ablation areas may be scanned by moving the beam without moving the probe. Large areas may be scanned by moving the beam over a first area, and then stepping the probe to second portion of the large area and then scanning the beam over the second area, and so on. One embodiment scans the beam over an area without moving the probe. One embodiment scans the beam over a first area, and then stepping the probe to second portion of the large area and then scanning the beam over the second area. One embodiment includes a beam deflecting mirrors mounted on piezoelectric actuators (see “Scanned Small Spot Ablation With A High-Rep-Rate” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/471,972, Docket No. ABI-6; filed May 20, 2003; which is incorporated by reference herein). In one embodiment, the actuators scan over a larger region but with the ablation beam only enabled to ablate portions having the defined color and/or area. One embodiment allows evaluation after a prescribed time through a combination of preset time and, area and/or colors.
- Information of such a system and other information on ablation systems are given in co-pending provisional applications listed in the following paragraphs (which are also at least partially co-owned by, or exclusively licensed to, the owners hereof) and are hereby incorporated by reference herein (provisional applications listed by docket number, title and provisional number):
- Docket No. ABI-1 “Laser Machining” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/471,922; Docket No. ABI-4 “Camera Containing Medical Tool” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/472,071; Docket No. ABI-6 “Scanned-Small Spot Ablation With A High-Rep-Rate” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/471,972; and Docket No. ABI-7 “Stretched Optical Pulse Amplification and Compression”, U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/471,971, were filed May 20, 2003;
- Docket No. ABI-8 “Controlling Repetition Rate Of Fiber Amplifier”-No. 60/494,102; Docket No. ABI-9 “Controlling Pulse Energy Of A Fiber Amplifier By Controlling Pump Diode Current” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/494,275; Docket No. ABI-10 “Pulse Energy Adjustment For Changes In Ablation Spot Size” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/494,274; Docket No. ABI-12 “Fiber Amplifier With A Time Between Pulses Of A Fraction Of The Storage Lifetime”; Docket No. ABI-13 “Man-Portable Optical Ablation System” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/494,321; Docket No. ABI-14 “Controlling Temperature Of A Fiber Amplifier By Controlling Pump Diode Current” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/494,322; Docket No. ABI-15 “Altering The Emission Of An Ablation Beam for Safety or Control” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/494,267; Docket No. ABI-16“Enabling Or Blocking The Emission Of An Ablation Beam Based On Color Of Target Area” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/494,172; Docket No. ABI-17 “Remotely-Controlled Ablation of Surfaces”-No. 60/494,276 and Docket No. ABI-18 “Ablation Of A Custom Shaped Area” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/494,180; were filed Aug. 11, 2003. Docket No. ABI-19 “High-Power-Optical-Amplifier Using A Number Of Spaced, Thin Slabs” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/497,404 was filed Aug. 22, 2003;
- Co-owned Docket No. ABI-20 “Spiral-Laser On-A-Disc”, U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/502,879; and partially co-owned Docket No. ABI-21 “Laser Beam Propagation in Air”, U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/502,886 were filed on Sep. 12, 2003. Docket No. ABI-22 “Active Optical Compressor” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/503,659 filed Sep. 17, 2003;
- Docket No. ABI-24 “High Power SuperMode Laser Amplifier” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/505,968 was filed Sep. 25, 2003, Docket No. ABI-25 “Semiconductor Manufacturing Using Optical Ablation” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/508,136 was filed Oct. 2, 2003, Docket No. ABI-26 “Composite Cutting With Optical Ablation Technique” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/510,855 was filed Oct. 14, 2003 and Docket No. ABI-27 “Material Composition Analysis Using Optical Ablation”, U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/512,807 was filed Oct. 20, 2003;
- Docket No. ABI-28 “Quasi-Continuous Current in Optical Pulse Amplifier Systems” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/529,425 and Docket No. ABI-29 “Optical Pulse Stretching and Compressing” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/529,443, were both filed Dec. 12, 2003;
- Docket No. ABI-30 “Start-up Timing for Optical Ablation System” U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/539,026; Docket No. ABI-31 “High-Frequency Ring Oscillator”, U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/539,024; and Docket No. ABI-32 “Amplifying of High Energy Laser Pulses”, U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/539,025; were filed Jan. 23, 2004;
- Docket No. ABI-33 “Semiconductor-Type Processing for Solid-State Lasers”, U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/543,086, was filed Feb. 9, 2004; and Docket No. ABI-34 “Pulse Streaming of Optically-Pumped Amplifiers”, U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Ser. No. 60/546,065, was filed Feb. 18, 2004. Docket No. ABI-35 “Pumping of Optically-Pumped Amplifiers” was filed Feb 26, 2004.
- Although the present invention and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The body, for example, can be of any material, including metal or diamond. Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the specification, but only by the claims.
Claims (16)
1. A method of surgical material removal from a body by optical-ablation with controlled pulse energy from a fiber amplifier, comprising:
inputting an ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal;
generating a series of wavelength-swept-with-time pulses using an optical oscillator;
controlling pulse energy based on the ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal either by selecting pulses from the oscillator generated series of wavelength-swept-with-time pulses, wherein the fraction of pulses selected can be controllably varied to give a selected pulse repetition rate that is a fraction of the oscillator repetition rate, or by passing electrical current through at least one pump diode to generate pumping light, optically pumping the fiber amplifier with the pumping light, and controlling pump diode current;
amplifying the wavelength-swept-with-time pulse with the fiber-amplifier;
time-compressing the amplified pulse and illuminating a portion of the body with the time-compressed optical pulse, whereby controlling the pulse selection and/or the pump diode current controls the pulse energy; and
determining a volumetric removal rate from the pulse energy and the threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a volume of material to be ablated is inputted and ablation is performed for a length of time to remove that volume at the volumetric removal rate.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal is inputted by a multi-position selector switch indicating classes of materials, which is set to one of the classes and directly or indirectly selects a volume removal per pulse by an average pulse having an energy in the range of between about 2.5 and about 3.6 times ablation threshold for the selected class.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oscillator, amplifier and compressor are within a man-portable system.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compression is done in an air-path between gratings compressor.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compressed optical pulse has a sub-picosecond duration.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oscillator pulse has a duration between about 10 picoseconds and about one nanosecond.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ablation is from an outside surface of the body.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ablation is done inside of the body.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein more than one amplifiers are used in a mode where amplified pulses from one amplifier are delayed to arrive one or more nanoseconds after those from any other amplifier, to allow control of ablation rate independent of pulse energy.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pulse energy applied to the body is between about 2.5 and about 3.6 times ablation threshold of the body portion being ablated.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein a depth of material to be ablated is inputted and ablation is performed for a length of time to remove material to that depth from an area being ablated at the volumetric removal rate.
13. A method of material removal from a body by optical-ablation with controlled pulse energy from an optical amplifier, comprising:
inputting an ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal;
generating a series of wavelength-swept-with-time pulses using an optical oscillator;
controlling pulse energy based on the ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal to between 2.5 and 3.6 times ablation threshold;
amplifying the wavelength-swept-with-time pulse with the amplifier;
time-compressing the amplified pulse and illuminating a portion of the body with the time-compressed optical pulse, whereby controlling the pulse selection and/or the pump diode current controls the pulse energy; and
determining a volumetric removal rate from the pulse energy and the pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein a volume of material to be ablated is inputted and ablation is performed for a length of time to remove that volume at the volumetric removal rate.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the ablation-threshold-pulse-energy-for-material-being-ablated signal is inputted by a multi-position selector switch indicating classes of materials, which is set to one of the classes and directly or indirectly selects a volume removal per pulse by an average pulse having an energy in the range of about 2.5 and about 3.6 times ablation threshold for the selected class.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein a depth of material to be ablated is inputted and ablation is performed for a length of time to remove material to that depth from an area being ablated at the volumetric removal rate.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/069,295 US20080140060A1 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2008-02-07 | Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US49427303P | 2003-08-11 | 2003-08-11 | |
US50357803P | 2003-09-17 | 2003-09-17 | |
US10/916,365 US7367969B2 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth |
US12/069,295 US20080140060A1 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2008-02-07 | Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/916,365 Continuation US7367969B2 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080140060A1 true US20080140060A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
Family
ID=36075041
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/916,365 Expired - Fee Related US7367969B2 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth |
US12/069,295 Abandoned US20080140060A1 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2008-02-07 | Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/916,365 Expired - Fee Related US7367969B2 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7367969B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7361171B2 (en) | 2003-05-20 | 2008-04-22 | Raydiance, Inc. | Man-portable optical ablation system |
US20050177143A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-08-11 | Jeff Bullington | Remotely-controlled ablation of surfaces |
US8173929B1 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2012-05-08 | Raydiance, Inc. | Methods and systems for trimming circuits |
US9022037B2 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2015-05-05 | Raydiance, Inc. | Laser ablation method and apparatus having a feedback loop and control unit |
US8921733B2 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2014-12-30 | Raydiance, Inc. | Methods and systems for trimming circuits |
US7143769B2 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2006-12-05 | Richard Stoltz | Controlling pulse energy of an optical amplifier by controlling pump diode current |
US7367969B2 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2008-05-06 | Raydiance, Inc. | Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth |
US7486705B2 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2009-02-03 | Imra America, Inc. | Femtosecond laser processing system with process parameters, controls and feedback |
US7885311B2 (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2011-02-08 | Imra America, Inc. | Beam stabilized fiber laser |
US20060191884A1 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2006-08-31 | Johnson Shepard D | High-speed, precise, laser-based material processing method and system |
US8135050B1 (en) | 2005-07-19 | 2012-03-13 | Raydiance, Inc. | Automated polarization correction |
US9130344B2 (en) | 2006-01-23 | 2015-09-08 | Raydiance, Inc. | Automated laser tuning |
US7444049B1 (en) | 2006-01-23 | 2008-10-28 | Raydiance, Inc. | Pulse stretcher and compressor including a multi-pass Bragg grating |
US8189971B1 (en) | 2006-01-23 | 2012-05-29 | Raydiance, Inc. | Dispersion compensation in a chirped pulse amplification system |
US8232687B2 (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2012-07-31 | Raydiance, Inc. | Intelligent laser interlock system |
US7822347B1 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2010-10-26 | Raydiance, Inc. | Active tuning of temporal dispersion in an ultrashort pulse laser system |
EP2077718B2 (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2022-03-09 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Biological tissue for surgical implantation |
US9101691B2 (en) | 2007-06-11 | 2015-08-11 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Methods for pre-stressing and capping bioprosthetic tissue |
US7903326B2 (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2011-03-08 | Radiance, Inc. | Static phase mask for high-order spectral phase control in a hybrid chirped pulse amplifier system |
US8357387B2 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2013-01-22 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Capping bioprosthetic tissue to reduce calcification |
US20090273828A1 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-05 | Raydiance, Inc. | High average power ultra-short pulsed laser based on an optical amplification system |
US8125704B2 (en) | 2008-08-18 | 2012-02-28 | Raydiance, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling a pulsed laser by combining laser signals |
US8498538B2 (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2013-07-30 | Raydiance, Inc. | Compact monolithic dispersion compensator |
NZ602706A (en) | 2010-03-23 | 2014-02-28 | Edwards Lifesciences Corp | Methods of conditioning sheet bioprosthetic tissue |
WO2012021748A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 | 2012-02-16 | Raydiance, Inc. | Polymer tubing laser micromachining |
KR20140018183A (en) | 2010-09-16 | 2014-02-12 | 레이디안스, 아이엔씨. | Laser based processing of layered materials |
US8554037B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2013-10-08 | Raydiance, Inc. | Hybrid waveguide device in powerful laser systems |
US10239160B2 (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2019-03-26 | Coherent, Inc. | Systems and processes that singulate materials |
US10238771B2 (en) | 2012-11-08 | 2019-03-26 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Methods for treating bioprosthetic tissue using a nucleophile/electrophile in a catalytic system |
US9615922B2 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2017-04-11 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Method and apparatus for preparing a contoured biological tissue |
US10959839B2 (en) | 2013-10-08 | 2021-03-30 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Method for directing cellular migration patterns on a biological tissue |
EP3852683A1 (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2021-07-28 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Transcatheter pulmonic regenerative valve |
Citations (90)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5293186A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1994-03-08 | British Technology Group Ltd. | Contact lens |
US6175437B1 (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2001-01-16 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Apparatus and method for high bandwidth laser-based data communication |
US20010009250A1 (en) * | 2000-01-25 | 2001-07-26 | Herman Peter R. | Burst-ultrafast laser machining method |
US20020003130A1 (en) * | 2000-01-10 | 2002-01-10 | Yunlong Sun | Laser system and method for processing a memory link with a burst of laser pulses having ultrashort pulse widths |
US6340806B1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2002-01-22 | General Scanning Inc. | Energy-efficient method and system for processing target material using an amplified, wavelength-shifted pulse train |
USRE37585E1 (en) * | 1994-04-08 | 2002-03-19 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Method for controlling configuration of laser induced breakdown and ablation |
US20020051606A1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-02 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Optical loss filter |
US20020071454A1 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-06-13 | Hong Lin | Actively mode-locked fiber laser with controlled chirp output |
US20020091325A1 (en) * | 1998-08-19 | 2002-07-11 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Optical scanning and imaging system and method |
US20020095142A1 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2002-07-18 | Lai Ming | Solid-state laser for customized cornea ablation |
US20020097761A1 (en) * | 1994-04-01 | 2002-07-25 | Imra America, Inc. | Scanning temporal ultrafast delay methods and apparatuses therefor |
US20020097468A1 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-25 | Fsona Communications Corporation | Laser communication system |
US20030011782A1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2003-01-16 | Naohiro Tanno | Optical interference tomographic image observing apparatus |
US20030031410A1 (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2003-02-13 | Schnitzer Mark J. | Multi-photon endoscopy |
US20030039442A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-02-27 | Aaron Bond | Grating dispersion compensator and method of manufacture |
US20030053508A1 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-03-20 | The Regents Of The University Of California. | Solid state laser disk amplifier architecture: the normal-incidence stack |
US20030055413A1 (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-03-20 | Altshuler Gregory B. | Fiber laser device for medical/cosmetic procedures |
US20030060808A1 (en) * | 2000-10-04 | 2003-03-27 | Wilk Peter J. | Telemedical method and system |
US6541731B2 (en) * | 2000-01-25 | 2003-04-01 | Aculight Corporation | Use of multiple laser sources for rapid, flexible machining and production of vias in multi-layered substrates |
US6555781B2 (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2003-04-29 | Nanyang Technological University | Ultrashort pulsed laser micromachining/submicromachining using an acoustooptic scanning device with dispersion compensation |
US20030086647A1 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 2003-05-08 | Willner Alan E | Devices and applications based on tunable wave-guiding bragg gratings with nonlinear group delays |
US20030095266A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-05-22 | Vincent Detalle | Method and apparatus for three-dimensional compositional mapping of heterogeneous materials |
US20030123496A1 (en) * | 1999-07-13 | 2003-07-03 | Broutin Scott L. | Method and apparatus for active numeric temperature compensation of an etalon in a wavelength stabilized laser |
US20030142705A1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-07-31 | The Regents Of The University Of California | High energy, high average power solid state green or UV laser |
US20030156605A1 (en) * | 2002-02-18 | 2003-08-21 | Richardson David J. | Pulsed light sources |
US20030161378A1 (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2003-08-28 | Zhang Guangzhi Z | External cavity laser with high spectral purity output |
US20030161365A1 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2003-08-28 | General Atomics | Laser containing a distributed gain medium |
US20040000942A1 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2004-01-01 | Kapteyn Henry C. | Downchirped pulse amplification |
US6696008B2 (en) * | 2000-05-25 | 2004-02-24 | Westar Photonics Inc. | Maskless laser beam patterning ablation of multilayered structures with continuous monitoring of ablation |
US20040037505A1 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-02-26 | Teraxion Inc. | Fiber Bragg Grating interferometers for chromatic dispersion compensation |
US20040042061A1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-04 | Islam Mohammed N. | Controlling ASE in optical amplification stages implementing time modulated pump signals |
US20040049552A1 (en) * | 1999-09-29 | 2004-03-11 | Tetsuro Motoyama | Method and system for remote diagnostic, control and information collection based on various communication modes for sending messages to a resource manager |
US6727458B2 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2004-04-27 | Gsi Lumonics, Inc. | Energy-efficient, laser-based method and system for processing target material |
US20040101001A1 (en) * | 2002-11-07 | 2004-05-27 | Dr. Thorald Bergmann | Driver for pockels cells and using this pockels cell within laser systems |
US20040128081A1 (en) * | 2002-12-18 | 2004-07-01 | Herschel Rabitz | Quantum dynamic discriminator for molecular agents |
US20040134894A1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2004-07-15 | Bo Gu | Laser-based system for memory link processing with picosecond lasers |
US20040134896A1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2004-07-15 | Bo Gu | Laser-based method and system for memory link processing with picosecond lasers |
US20050008044A1 (en) * | 1998-11-25 | 2005-01-13 | Fermann Martin E. | Mode-locked multi-mode fiber laser pulse source |
US20050018986A1 (en) * | 2001-12-17 | 2005-01-27 | Alexander Argyros | Ring structures in optical fibres |
US20050036527A1 (en) * | 2003-08-15 | 2005-02-17 | Khazaei Hamid R. | Feedback mechanisms for stabilizing a laser system |
US20050035097A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-02-17 | Richard Stoltz | Altering the emission of an ablation beam for safety or control |
US20050038487A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-02-17 | Richard Stoltz | Controlling pulse energy of an optical amplifier by controlling pump diode current |
US20050061779A1 (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-03-24 | Walter Blumenfeld | Laser ablation feedback spectroscopy |
US20050065502A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-03-24 | Richard Stoltz | Enabling or blocking the emission of an ablation beam based on color of target |
US20050067388A1 (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2005-03-31 | Yunlong Sun | Methods of and laser systems for link processing using laser pulses with specially tailored power profiles |
US20050074974A1 (en) * | 2003-10-02 | 2005-04-07 | Richard Stoltz | Semiconductor manufacturing using optical ablation |
US20050077275A1 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-14 | Richard Stoltz | Composite cutting with optical ablation technique |
US6882772B1 (en) * | 1998-03-02 | 2005-04-19 | The University Of Melbourne | Optical device for dispersion compensation |
US6885683B1 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2005-04-26 | Imra America, Inc. | Modular, high energy, widely-tunable ultrafast fiber source |
US6887804B2 (en) * | 2000-01-10 | 2005-05-03 | Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. | Passivation processing over a memory link |
US20050105865A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-05-19 | Imra America, Inc. | All-fiber chirped pulse amplification systems |
US20050107773A1 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2005-05-19 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Femtosescond laser system for the exact manipulation of material and tissues |
US6897405B2 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2005-05-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method of laser milling using constant tool path algorithm |
US20050111500A1 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2005-05-26 | Imra America, Inc. | Utilization of Yb: and Nd: mode-locked oscillators in solid-state short pulse laser systems |
US20050111073A1 (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-05-26 | Lightwaves 2020, Inc., Corporation Of California | Integrated variable optical attenuator and related components |
US6902561B2 (en) * | 2002-03-23 | 2005-06-07 | Intralase Corp. | System and method for improved material processing using a laser beam |
US20050127049A1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2005-06-16 | Ludger Woeste | Method for material processing and/or material analysis using lasers |
US20050154380A1 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-14 | Debenedictis Leonard C. | Method and apparatus for monitoring and controlling laser-induced tissue treatment |
US20050171518A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-08-04 | Richard Stoltz | Controlling pulse energy of an optical amplifier by controlling pump diode current |
US20050167405A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-08-04 | Richard Stoltz | Optical ablation using material composition analysis |
US20050171516A1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2005-08-04 | Richard Stoltz | Man-portable optical ablation system |
US6928490B1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2005-08-09 | St. Louis University | Networking infrastructure for an operating room |
US20050177143A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-08-11 | Jeff Bullington | Remotely-controlled ablation of surfaces |
US20050175280A1 (en) * | 2004-02-11 | 2005-08-11 | Jeffrey Nicholson | Fiber amplifier for generating femtosecond pulses in single mode fiber |
US20060016891A1 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-01-26 | James Giebel | Laser power control arrangements in electro-optical readers |
US20060030951A1 (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2006-02-09 | Davlin Karl A | Distributed input/output control systems and methods |
US7006730B2 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2006-02-28 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Multichannel integrated tunable thermo-optic lens and dispersion compensator |
US20060050750A1 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2006-03-09 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Hyper dispersion pulse compressor for chirped pulse amplification systems |
US20060056480A1 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-16 | Mielke Michael M | Actively stabilized systems for the generation of ultrashort optical pulses |
US20060064079A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2006-03-23 | Richard Stoltz | Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth |
US20060067604A1 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-03-30 | Bull Jeffrey D | Method and apparatus for enhancing the extinction ratio in mode converters |
US7022119B2 (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 2006-04-04 | Technolas Gmbh Ophthalmologische Systeme | Excimer laser eye surgery system |
US7031571B2 (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2006-04-18 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of Industry Through The Communications Research Centre Canada | Bragg grating and method of producing a Bragg grating using an ultrafast laser |
US20060093265A1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Ultrafast laser machining system and method for forming diffractive structures in optical fibers |
US20060093012A1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-04 | Rajminder Singh | Multimode long period fiber Bragg grating machined by ultrafast laser direct writing |
US20060120418A1 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2006-06-08 | Imra America, Inc. | Yb: and Nd: mode-locked oscillators and fiber systems incorporated in solid-state short pulse laser systems |
US20060126679A1 (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2006-06-15 | Brennan James F Iii | Bragg fibers in systems for the generation of high peak power light |
US20060131288A1 (en) * | 2000-01-10 | 2006-06-22 | Yunlong Sun | Processing a memory link with a set of at least two laser pulses |
US7171074B2 (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2007-01-30 | Furakawa Electric North America Inc. | Large mode area fibers using higher order modes |
US20070025728A1 (en) * | 2003-04-15 | 2007-02-01 | Japan Science And Technology Agency | Optical pulse compressor and optical function generator, optical pulse compressing method and optical function generating method |
US20070047965A1 (en) * | 2005-08-29 | 2007-03-01 | Polaronyx, Inc. | Dynamic amplitude and spectral shaper in fiber laser amplification system |
US20070064304A1 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-03-22 | Brennan James Francis Iii | Wavelength-stabilized pump diodes for pumping gain media in an ultrashort pulsed laser system |
US20070106416A1 (en) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-05-10 | Griffiths Joseph J | Method and system for adaptively controlling a laser-based material processing process and method and system for qualifying same |
US7217266B2 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2007-05-15 | Anderson R Rox | Apparatus and method for laser treatment with spectroscopic feedback |
US7220255B2 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 2007-05-22 | Lai Shui T | Method and apparatus for laser surgery of the cornea |
US7321713B2 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2008-01-22 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Silicon based on-chip photonic band gap cladding waveguide |
US7321605B2 (en) * | 2004-05-24 | 2008-01-22 | Asml Holding, N.V. | Helical optical pulse stretcher |
US7332234B2 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2008-02-19 | Finisar Corporation | Optoelectronic device capable of participating in in-band traffic |
US7518788B2 (en) * | 2003-06-03 | 2009-04-14 | Imra America, Inc. | In-line, high energy fiber chirped pulse amplification system |
US20100118899A1 (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-05-13 | Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. | Generating laser pulses of prescribed pulse shapes programmed through combination of separate electrical and optical modulators |
Family Cites Families (117)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3631362A (en) | 1968-08-27 | 1971-12-28 | Gen Electric | Face-pumped, face-cooled laser device |
US3808549A (en) | 1972-03-30 | 1974-04-30 | Corning Glass Works | Optical waveguide light source |
US3963953A (en) | 1975-04-29 | 1976-06-15 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Color mismatch accentuating device |
US4718418A (en) | 1983-11-17 | 1988-01-12 | Lri L.P. | Apparatus for ophthalmological surgery |
US4750809A (en) | 1985-05-01 | 1988-06-14 | Spectra-Physics, Inc. | Pulse compression |
US4829529A (en) | 1987-06-15 | 1989-05-09 | Spectra-Physics, Inc. | Laser diode pumped fiber lasers with pump cavity |
US4824598A (en) | 1987-10-20 | 1989-04-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Synthetic laser medium |
US4815079A (en) | 1987-12-17 | 1989-03-21 | Polaroid Corporation | Optical fiber lasers and amplifiers |
US4902127A (en) | 1988-03-22 | 1990-02-20 | Board Of Trustees Of Leland Stanford, Jr. University | Eye-safe coherent laser radar |
US4913520A (en) | 1988-10-25 | 1990-04-03 | Spectra Physics | Optical fiber for pulse compression |
US4972423A (en) | 1988-12-30 | 1990-11-20 | Alfano Robert R | Method and apparatus for generating ultrashort light pulses |
US5098426A (en) | 1989-02-06 | 1992-03-24 | Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for precision laser surgery |
GB2239983A (en) | 1989-12-22 | 1991-07-17 | Univ Southampton | Optical fibre laser |
US5162643A (en) | 1991-02-26 | 1992-11-10 | Imra America, Inc. | Light detecting system |
US5166818A (en) | 1991-03-11 | 1992-11-24 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | Optical pulse-shaping device and method, and optical communications station and method |
US5187759A (en) | 1991-11-07 | 1993-02-16 | At&T Bell Laboratories | High gain multi-mode optical amplifier |
US5265107A (en) | 1992-02-05 | 1993-11-23 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | Broadband absorber having multiple quantum wells of different thicknesses |
US5237576A (en) | 1992-05-05 | 1993-08-17 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Article comprising an optical fiber laser |
US5313262A (en) | 1992-09-30 | 1994-05-17 | Imra America, Inc. | Systems and methods for object detection using beam widening optics |
US5788688A (en) | 1992-11-05 | 1998-08-04 | Bauer Laboratories, Inc. | Surgeon's command and control |
US5329398A (en) | 1992-11-05 | 1994-07-12 | Novatec Laser Systems, Inc. | Single grating laser pulse stretcher and compressor |
US5302835A (en) | 1993-03-22 | 1994-04-12 | Imra America, Inc. | Light detection system having a polarization plane rotating means and a polarizing beamsplitter |
FR2705468B1 (en) | 1993-05-18 | 1995-07-21 | Thomson Csf | Dispersive optical delay line and its use for compression / extension of laser pulses. |
US5414725A (en) | 1993-08-03 | 1995-05-09 | Imra America, Inc. | Harmonic partitioning of a passively mode-locked laser |
US5430572A (en) | 1993-09-30 | 1995-07-04 | At&T Corp. | High power, high gain, low noise, two-stage optical amplifier |
FR2738358B1 (en) | 1993-11-19 | 1998-02-06 | Thomson Csf | DEVICE FOR LINEAR EXTENSION OF COHERENT LIGHT WAVE PULSES AND EXTENSION AND COMPRESSION DEVICE FOR OBTAINING HIGH POWER PULSES |
US5689519A (en) | 1993-12-20 | 1997-11-18 | Imra America, Inc. | Environmentally stable passively modelocked fiber laser pulse source |
US5440573A (en) | 1994-03-22 | 1995-08-08 | Imra America, Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling laser emmision wavelength using non-linear effects |
US5400350A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1995-03-21 | Imra America, Inc. | Method and apparatus for generating high energy ultrashort pulses |
US5489984A (en) | 1994-04-01 | 1996-02-06 | Imra America, Inc. | Differential ranging measurement system and method utilizing ultrashort pulses |
US5585913A (en) | 1994-04-01 | 1996-12-17 | Imra America Inc. | Ultrashort pulsewidth laser ranging system employing a time gate producing an autocorrelation and method therefore |
US5572335A (en) | 1994-04-01 | 1996-11-05 | Xerox Corporation | Method and system for transferring image data between two devices having different bandwidths |
US5418809A (en) | 1994-05-31 | 1995-05-23 | General Electric Company | Modular slab assembly for a face-pumped laser |
US5880823A (en) | 1994-06-10 | 1999-03-09 | Lu; Chih-Shun | Method and apparatus for measuring atomic vapor density in deposition systems |
US5513194A (en) | 1994-06-30 | 1996-04-30 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Stretched-pulse fiber laser |
US5415725A (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1995-05-16 | Scharf; Gary | Device for removing glued down carpet |
US5479422A (en) | 1994-08-12 | 1995-12-26 | Imra America, Inc. | Controllabel dual-wavelength operation of modelocked lasers |
US5499134A (en) | 1994-08-24 | 1996-03-12 | Imra America | Optical pulse amplification using chirped Bragg gratings |
US5633885A (en) | 1994-09-29 | 1997-05-27 | Imra America, Inc. | Frequency chirp control and compensation for obtaining broad bandwidth ultrashort optical pulses from wavelength-tunable lasers |
US5450427A (en) | 1994-10-21 | 1995-09-12 | Imra America, Inc. | Technique for the generation of optical pulses in modelocked lasers by dispersive control of the oscillation pulse width |
US5517043A (en) | 1994-10-25 | 1996-05-14 | Dalsa, Inc. | Split pixel interline transfer imaging device |
US5585652A (en) | 1994-10-25 | 1996-12-17 | Dalsa, Inc. | Method and apparatus for real-time background illumination subtraction |
US5703639A (en) | 1994-10-25 | 1997-12-30 | Dalsa, Inc. | Charge coupled device pulse discriminator |
US5592327A (en) | 1994-12-16 | 1997-01-07 | Clark-Mxr, Inc. | Regenerative amplifier incorporating a spectral filter within the resonant cavity |
US5572358A (en) | 1994-12-16 | 1996-11-05 | Clark-Mxr, Inc. | Regenerative amplifier incorporating a spectral filter within the resonant cavity |
US5898485A (en) | 1995-03-31 | 1999-04-27 | Imra America, Inc. | Method and apparatus for multiple target ranging |
JPH08304856A (en) | 1995-05-01 | 1996-11-22 | Ando Electric Co Ltd | Optical fiber amplifier |
US5696782A (en) | 1995-05-19 | 1997-12-09 | Imra America, Inc. | High power fiber chirped pulse amplification systems based on cladding pumped rare-earth doped fibers |
US5677769A (en) | 1995-05-30 | 1997-10-14 | Imra America | Optical sensor utilizing rare-earth-doped integrated-optic lasers |
US5596668A (en) | 1995-06-30 | 1997-01-21 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Single mode optical transmission fiber, and method of making the fiber |
US5875408A (en) | 1995-07-17 | 1999-02-23 | Imra America, Inc. | Automated vehicle guidance system and method for automatically guiding a vehicle |
US5726855A (en) | 1995-08-15 | 1998-03-10 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Apparatus and method for enabling the creation of multiple extended conduction paths in the atmosphere |
US5663731A (en) | 1995-08-25 | 1997-09-02 | Imra America, Inc. | Method and apparatus for time invariant pulse detection |
US5627848A (en) | 1995-09-05 | 1997-05-06 | Imra America, Inc. | Apparatus for producing femtosecond and picosecond pulses from modelocked fiber lasers cladding pumped with broad area diode laser arrays |
US5710424A (en) | 1995-10-18 | 1998-01-20 | Imra America, Inc. | Multiple field of view detector with background cancellation |
US5701319A (en) | 1995-10-20 | 1997-12-23 | Imra America, Inc. | Method and apparatus for generating ultrashort pulses with adjustable repetition rates from passively modelocked fiber lasers |
US5720894A (en) | 1996-01-11 | 1998-02-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Ultrashort pulse high repetition rate laser system for biological tissue processing |
US5867305A (en) | 1996-01-19 | 1999-02-02 | Sdl, Inc. | Optical amplifier with high energy levels systems providing high peak powers |
US5847863A (en) | 1996-04-25 | 1998-12-08 | Imra America, Inc. | Hybrid short-pulse amplifiers with phase-mismatch compensated pulse stretchers and compressors |
US6075588A (en) | 1996-05-31 | 2000-06-13 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Integrated multi-channel optical-based flux monitor and method |
US5936716A (en) | 1996-05-31 | 1999-08-10 | Pinsukanjana; Paul Ruengrit | Method of controlling multi-species epitaxial deposition |
US5708669A (en) | 1996-09-24 | 1998-01-13 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Article comprising a cladding-pumped optical fiber laser |
US5862287A (en) | 1996-12-13 | 1999-01-19 | Imra America, Inc. | Apparatus and method for delivery of dispersion compensated ultrashort optical pulses with high peak power |
US5880877A (en) | 1997-01-28 | 1999-03-09 | Imra America, Inc. | Apparatus and method for the generation of high-power femtosecond pulses from a fiber amplifier |
US6249630B1 (en) | 1996-12-13 | 2001-06-19 | Imra America, Inc. | Apparatus and method for delivery of dispersion-compensated ultrashort optical pulses with high peak power |
SE509968C2 (en) | 1997-02-14 | 1999-03-29 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Variable amplifier optical amplifier |
US6151338A (en) | 1997-02-19 | 2000-11-21 | Sdl, Inc. | High power laser optical amplifier system |
US6576917B1 (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 2003-06-10 | University Of Central Florida | Adjustable bore capillary discharge |
US6181463B1 (en) | 1997-03-21 | 2001-01-30 | Imra America, Inc. | Quasi-phase-matched parametric chirped pulse amplification systems |
US6208458B1 (en) | 1997-03-21 | 2001-03-27 | Imra America, Inc. | Quasi-phase-matched parametric chirped pulse amplification systems |
US6198568B1 (en) | 1997-04-25 | 2001-03-06 | Imra America, Inc. | Use of Chirped Quasi-phase-matched materials in chirped pulse amplification systems |
US5867304A (en) | 1997-04-25 | 1999-02-02 | Imra America, Inc. | Use of aperiodic quasi-phase-matched gratings in ultrashort pulse sources |
US6156030A (en) * | 1997-06-04 | 2000-12-05 | Y-Beam Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for high precision variable rate material removal and modification |
US5818630A (en) | 1997-06-25 | 1998-10-06 | Imra America, Inc. | Single-mode amplifiers and compressors based on multi-mode fibers |
US6020591A (en) | 1997-07-11 | 2000-02-01 | Imra America, Inc. | Two-photon microscopy with plane wave illumination |
US5920668A (en) | 1997-10-24 | 1999-07-06 | Imra America, Inc. | Compact fiber laser unit |
US6744555B2 (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 2004-06-01 | Imra America, Inc. | Ultrashort-pulse source with controllable wavelength output |
US6154310A (en) | 1997-11-21 | 2000-11-28 | Imra America, Inc. | Ultrashort-pulse source with controllable multiple-wavelength output |
US6203861B1 (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 2001-03-20 | University Of Central Florida | One-step rapid manufacturing of metal and composite parts |
US6072811A (en) | 1998-02-11 | 2000-06-06 | Imra America | Integrated passively modelocked fiber lasers and method for constructing the same |
JP3654836B2 (en) | 1998-02-19 | 2005-06-02 | マサチューセッツ インスティテュート オブ テクノロジー | Photonic crystal omnidirectional reflector |
US6034975A (en) | 1998-03-09 | 2000-03-07 | Imra America, Inc. | High power, passively modelocked fiber laser, and method of construction |
US6801551B1 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 2004-10-05 | University Of Central Florida | Programmable multiwavelength modelocked laser |
US6256328B1 (en) | 1998-05-15 | 2001-07-03 | University Of Central Florida | Multiwavelength modelocked semiconductor diode laser |
US6314115B1 (en) | 1998-05-15 | 2001-11-06 | University Of Central Florida | Hybrid WDM-TDM optical communication and data link |
US6690686B2 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 2004-02-10 | University Of Central Florida | Method for reducing amplitude noise in multi-wavelength modelocked semiconductor lasers |
US6120857A (en) | 1998-05-18 | 2000-09-19 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Low work function surface layers produced by laser ablation using short-wavelength photons |
US6252892B1 (en) | 1998-09-08 | 2001-06-26 | Imra America, Inc. | Resonant fabry-perot semiconductor saturable absorbers and two photon absorption power limiters |
US6061373A (en) | 1998-10-13 | 2000-05-09 | Tyco Submarine Systems, Ltd. | Safety interlocking system for an optical fiber amplifier and pump source |
US6327074B1 (en) | 1998-11-25 | 2001-12-04 | University Of Central Florida | Display medium using emitting particles dispersed in a transparent host |
US6185231B1 (en) | 1999-02-02 | 2001-02-06 | University Of Central Florida | Yb-doped:YCOB laser |
JP2000299518A (en) | 1999-02-10 | 2000-10-24 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Optical fiber amplifier and control thereof |
US6355908B1 (en) | 1999-03-31 | 2002-03-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for focusing a laser |
EP1188078A1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2002-03-20 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | All-dielectric coaxial waveguide |
US6269108B1 (en) | 1999-05-26 | 2001-07-31 | University Of Central Florida | Multi-wavelengths infrared laser |
US6303903B1 (en) | 1999-08-11 | 2001-10-16 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd | Method and apparatus for determining focus position of a laser |
US6362454B1 (en) | 1999-10-01 | 2002-03-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method for drilling circular holes with a laser beam |
US6738144B1 (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2004-05-18 | University Of Central Florida | Non-invasive method and low-coherence apparatus system analysis and process control |
JP4774146B2 (en) | 1999-12-23 | 2011-09-14 | パナソニック株式会社 | Method and apparatus for drilling holes with a pitch smaller than the wavelength using a laser |
WO2001054853A2 (en) * | 2000-01-27 | 2001-08-02 | National Research Council Of Canada | Method and apparatus for repair of defects in materials with short laser pulses |
US6404944B1 (en) | 2000-03-17 | 2002-06-11 | Unveristy Of Central Florida | Monolithic integrated active semiconductor optical switch for a 1×N interconnect switch |
US6574024B1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2003-06-03 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Laser beam homogenization by scanning a beam onto a mask |
US6433303B1 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2002-08-13 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus using laser pulses to make an array of microcavity holes |
AU2001238687A1 (en) * | 2000-04-13 | 2001-10-30 | Corning Incorporated | Optical amplifiers with a simple gain/output control device |
US6365869B1 (en) | 2000-08-11 | 2002-04-02 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for laser processing foil material |
US6723991B1 (en) * | 2000-10-20 | 2004-04-20 | Imra America, Inc. | Single-shot differential spectroscopy and spectral-imaging at submillimeter wavelengths |
KR100358115B1 (en) * | 2000-12-14 | 2002-10-25 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Dynamic gain-controlled erbium-doped fiber amplifier |
EP1366378A4 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2005-11-09 | Omniguide Comm Inc | Electromagnetic mode conversion in photonic crystal multimode waveguides |
US6711334B2 (en) * | 2001-05-16 | 2004-03-23 | Thomas Szkopek | Multimode fiber for narrowband bragg gratings |
KR100416975B1 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2004-02-05 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Auto gain control device of a fiber amplifier |
US6597497B2 (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-07-22 | Shih-Yuan Wang | Semiconductor optical amplifier with transverse laser cavity intersecting optical signal path and method of fabrication thereof |
US6710296B2 (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2004-03-23 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Method and apparatus for free-forging of metal structures |
US6720519B2 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2004-04-13 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | System and method of laser drilling |
US6735229B1 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2004-05-11 | University Of Central Florida | Ultralow noise optical clock for high speed sampling applications |
US6749285B2 (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2004-06-15 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method of milling repeatable exit holes in ink-jet nozzles |
US6710288B2 (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2004-03-23 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for aligning a work piece in a laser drilling system |
US20040231682A1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2004-11-25 | Richard Stoltz | Scanned small spot ablation with a high-rep-rate |
-
2004
- 2004-08-11 US US10/916,365 patent/US7367969B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-02-07 US US12/069,295 patent/US20080140060A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (99)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5293186A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1994-03-08 | British Technology Group Ltd. | Contact lens |
US7220255B2 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 2007-05-22 | Lai Shui T | Method and apparatus for laser surgery of the cornea |
US20020097761A1 (en) * | 1994-04-01 | 2002-07-25 | Imra America, Inc. | Scanning temporal ultrafast delay methods and apparatuses therefor |
USRE37585E1 (en) * | 1994-04-08 | 2002-03-19 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Method for controlling configuration of laser induced breakdown and ablation |
US7022119B2 (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 2006-04-04 | Technolas Gmbh Ophthalmologische Systeme | Excimer laser eye surgery system |
US20030086647A1 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 2003-05-08 | Willner Alan E | Devices and applications based on tunable wave-guiding bragg gratings with nonlinear group delays |
US6882772B1 (en) * | 1998-03-02 | 2005-04-19 | The University Of Melbourne | Optical device for dispersion compensation |
US20020091325A1 (en) * | 1998-08-19 | 2002-07-11 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Optical scanning and imaging system and method |
US20050008044A1 (en) * | 1998-11-25 | 2005-01-13 | Fermann Martin E. | Mode-locked multi-mode fiber laser pulse source |
US6175437B1 (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2001-01-16 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Apparatus and method for high bandwidth laser-based data communication |
US6555781B2 (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2003-04-29 | Nanyang Technological University | Ultrashort pulsed laser micromachining/submicromachining using an acoustooptic scanning device with dispersion compensation |
US6928490B1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2005-08-09 | St. Louis University | Networking infrastructure for an operating room |
US20030123496A1 (en) * | 1999-07-13 | 2003-07-03 | Broutin Scott L. | Method and apparatus for active numeric temperature compensation of an etalon in a wavelength stabilized laser |
US20040049552A1 (en) * | 1999-09-29 | 2004-03-11 | Tetsuro Motoyama | Method and system for remote diagnostic, control and information collection based on various communication modes for sending messages to a resource manager |
US6727458B2 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2004-04-27 | Gsi Lumonics, Inc. | Energy-efficient, laser-based method and system for processing target material |
US20040134894A1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2004-07-15 | Bo Gu | Laser-based system for memory link processing with picosecond lasers |
US20040134896A1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2004-07-15 | Bo Gu | Laser-based method and system for memory link processing with picosecond lasers |
US6340806B1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2002-01-22 | General Scanning Inc. | Energy-efficient method and system for processing target material using an amplified, wavelength-shifted pulse train |
US6574250B2 (en) * | 2000-01-10 | 2003-06-03 | Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. | Laser system and method for processing a memory link with a burst of laser pulses having ultrashort pulse widths |
US6887804B2 (en) * | 2000-01-10 | 2005-05-03 | Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. | Passivation processing over a memory link |
US20060131288A1 (en) * | 2000-01-10 | 2006-06-22 | Yunlong Sun | Processing a memory link with a set of at least two laser pulses |
US20020003130A1 (en) * | 2000-01-10 | 2002-01-10 | Yunlong Sun | Laser system and method for processing a memory link with a burst of laser pulses having ultrashort pulse widths |
US20010009250A1 (en) * | 2000-01-25 | 2001-07-26 | Herman Peter R. | Burst-ultrafast laser machining method |
US6541731B2 (en) * | 2000-01-25 | 2003-04-01 | Aculight Corporation | Use of multiple laser sources for rapid, flexible machining and production of vias in multi-layered substrates |
US20030011782A1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2003-01-16 | Naohiro Tanno | Optical interference tomographic image observing apparatus |
US20050111500A1 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2005-05-26 | Imra America, Inc. | Utilization of Yb: and Nd: mode-locked oscillators in solid-state short pulse laser systems |
US20050163426A1 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2005-07-28 | Imra America, Inc. | Modular, high energy, widely-tunable ultrafast fiber source |
US6885683B1 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2005-04-26 | Imra America, Inc. | Modular, high energy, widely-tunable ultrafast fiber source |
US6696008B2 (en) * | 2000-05-25 | 2004-02-24 | Westar Photonics Inc. | Maskless laser beam patterning ablation of multilayered structures with continuous monitoring of ablation |
US20020071454A1 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-06-13 | Hong Lin | Actively mode-locked fiber laser with controlled chirp output |
US20030060808A1 (en) * | 2000-10-04 | 2003-03-27 | Wilk Peter J. | Telemedical method and system |
US20060030951A1 (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2006-02-09 | Davlin Karl A | Distributed input/output control systems and methods |
US20020051606A1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-02 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Optical loss filter |
US20020095142A1 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2002-07-18 | Lai Ming | Solid-state laser for customized cornea ablation |
US20020097468A1 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-25 | Fsona Communications Corporation | Laser communication system |
US7217266B2 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2007-05-15 | Anderson R Rox | Apparatus and method for laser treatment with spectroscopic feedback |
US20030053508A1 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-03-20 | The Regents Of The University Of California. | Solid state laser disk amplifier architecture: the normal-incidence stack |
US20030055413A1 (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-03-20 | Altshuler Gregory B. | Fiber laser device for medical/cosmetic procedures |
US20030031410A1 (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2003-02-13 | Schnitzer Mark J. | Multi-photon endoscopy |
US20030039442A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-02-27 | Aaron Bond | Grating dispersion compensator and method of manufacture |
US7332234B2 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2008-02-19 | Finisar Corporation | Optoelectronic device capable of participating in in-band traffic |
US20030095266A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-05-22 | Vincent Detalle | Method and apparatus for three-dimensional compositional mapping of heterogeneous materials |
US20030161365A1 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2003-08-28 | General Atomics | Laser containing a distributed gain medium |
US6937629B2 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2005-08-30 | General Atomics | Laser containing a distributed gain medium |
US6897405B2 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2005-05-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method of laser milling using constant tool path algorithm |
US20050018986A1 (en) * | 2001-12-17 | 2005-01-27 | Alexander Argyros | Ring structures in optical fibres |
US20050107773A1 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2005-05-19 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Femtosescond laser system for the exact manipulation of material and tissues |
US20030142705A1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-07-31 | The Regents Of The University Of California | High energy, high average power solid state green or UV laser |
US6917631B2 (en) * | 2002-02-18 | 2005-07-12 | University Of Southampton | Pulsed light sources |
US7233607B2 (en) * | 2002-02-18 | 2007-06-19 | University Of Southampton | Pulsed light sources |
US20030156605A1 (en) * | 2002-02-18 | 2003-08-21 | Richardson David J. | Pulsed light sources |
US20030161378A1 (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2003-08-28 | Zhang Guangzhi Z | External cavity laser with high spectral purity output |
US7006730B2 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2006-02-28 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Multichannel integrated tunable thermo-optic lens and dispersion compensator |
US20050127049A1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2005-06-16 | Ludger Woeste | Method for material processing and/or material analysis using lasers |
US6902561B2 (en) * | 2002-03-23 | 2005-06-07 | Intralase Corp. | System and method for improved material processing using a laser beam |
US20040000942A1 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2004-01-01 | Kapteyn Henry C. | Downchirped pulse amplification |
US7072101B2 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2006-07-04 | The Regents Of The University Of Colorado | Downchirped pulse amplification |
US20040037505A1 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-02-26 | Teraxion Inc. | Fiber Bragg Grating interferometers for chromatic dispersion compensation |
US20040042061A1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-04 | Islam Mohammed N. | Controlling ASE in optical amplification stages implementing time modulated pump signals |
US20040101001A1 (en) * | 2002-11-07 | 2004-05-27 | Dr. Thorald Bergmann | Driver for pockels cells and using this pockels cell within laser systems |
US20040128081A1 (en) * | 2002-12-18 | 2004-07-01 | Herschel Rabitz | Quantum dynamic discriminator for molecular agents |
US7031571B2 (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2006-04-18 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of Industry Through The Communications Research Centre Canada | Bragg grating and method of producing a Bragg grating using an ultrafast laser |
US20070025728A1 (en) * | 2003-04-15 | 2007-02-01 | Japan Science And Technology Agency | Optical pulse compressor and optical function generator, optical pulse compressing method and optical function generating method |
US20050171516A1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2005-08-04 | Richard Stoltz | Man-portable optical ablation system |
US7361171B2 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2008-04-22 | Raydiance, Inc. | Man-portable optical ablation system |
US7518788B2 (en) * | 2003-06-03 | 2009-04-14 | Imra America, Inc. | In-line, high energy fiber chirped pulse amplification system |
US20050105865A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-05-19 | Imra America, Inc. | All-fiber chirped pulse amplification systems |
US20050061779A1 (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-03-24 | Walter Blumenfeld | Laser ablation feedback spectroscopy |
US20050038487A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-02-17 | Richard Stoltz | Controlling pulse energy of an optical amplifier by controlling pump diode current |
US20050167405A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-08-04 | Richard Stoltz | Optical ablation using material composition analysis |
US20050035097A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-02-17 | Richard Stoltz | Altering the emission of an ablation beam for safety or control |
US20050065502A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-03-24 | Richard Stoltz | Enabling or blocking the emission of an ablation beam based on color of target |
US7367969B2 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2008-05-06 | Raydiance, Inc. | Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth |
US20060064079A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2006-03-23 | Richard Stoltz | Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth |
US20050177143A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-08-11 | Jeff Bullington | Remotely-controlled ablation of surfaces |
US20050171518A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-08-04 | Richard Stoltz | Controlling pulse energy of an optical amplifier by controlling pump diode current |
US20050036527A1 (en) * | 2003-08-15 | 2005-02-17 | Khazaei Hamid R. | Feedback mechanisms for stabilizing a laser system |
US20050067388A1 (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2005-03-31 | Yunlong Sun | Methods of and laser systems for link processing using laser pulses with specially tailored power profiles |
US20050074974A1 (en) * | 2003-10-02 | 2005-04-07 | Richard Stoltz | Semiconductor manufacturing using optical ablation |
US20050077275A1 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-14 | Richard Stoltz | Composite cutting with optical ablation technique |
US20050111073A1 (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-05-26 | Lightwaves 2020, Inc., Corporation Of California | Integrated variable optical attenuator and related components |
US20050154380A1 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-14 | Debenedictis Leonard C. | Method and apparatus for monitoring and controlling laser-induced tissue treatment |
US20050175280A1 (en) * | 2004-02-11 | 2005-08-11 | Jeffrey Nicholson | Fiber amplifier for generating femtosecond pulses in single mode fiber |
US7321605B2 (en) * | 2004-05-24 | 2008-01-22 | Asml Holding, N.V. | Helical optical pulse stretcher |
US20060050750A1 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2006-03-09 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Hyper dispersion pulse compressor for chirped pulse amplification systems |
US20060016891A1 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-01-26 | James Giebel | Laser power control arrangements in electro-optical readers |
US20060056480A1 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-16 | Mielke Michael M | Actively stabilized systems for the generation of ultrashort optical pulses |
US7321713B2 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2008-01-22 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Silicon based on-chip photonic band gap cladding waveguide |
US20060067604A1 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-03-30 | Bull Jeffrey D | Method and apparatus for enhancing the extinction ratio in mode converters |
US20060093265A1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Ultrafast laser machining system and method for forming diffractive structures in optical fibers |
US20060093012A1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-04 | Rajminder Singh | Multimode long period fiber Bragg grating machined by ultrafast laser direct writing |
US7171074B2 (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2007-01-30 | Furakawa Electric North America Inc. | Large mode area fibers using higher order modes |
US20060120418A1 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2006-06-08 | Imra America, Inc. | Yb: and Nd: mode-locked oscillators and fiber systems incorporated in solid-state short pulse laser systems |
US20060126679A1 (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2006-06-15 | Brennan James F Iii | Bragg fibers in systems for the generation of high peak power light |
US7349452B2 (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2008-03-25 | Raydiance, Inc. | Bragg fibers in systems for the generation of high peak power light |
US20070047965A1 (en) * | 2005-08-29 | 2007-03-01 | Polaronyx, Inc. | Dynamic amplitude and spectral shaper in fiber laser amplification system |
US20070064304A1 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-03-22 | Brennan James Francis Iii | Wavelength-stabilized pump diodes for pumping gain media in an ultrashort pulsed laser system |
US20070106416A1 (en) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-05-10 | Griffiths Joseph J | Method and system for adaptively controlling a laser-based material processing process and method and system for qualifying same |
US20100118899A1 (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-05-13 | Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. | Generating laser pulses of prescribed pulse shapes programmed through combination of separate electrical and optical modulators |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7367969B2 (en) | 2008-05-06 |
US20060064079A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7367969B2 (en) | Ablative material removal with a preset removal rate or volume or depth | |
US7143769B2 (en) | Controlling pulse energy of an optical amplifier by controlling pump diode current | |
US7963958B2 (en) | Portable optical ablation system | |
US20050038487A1 (en) | Controlling pulse energy of an optical amplifier by controlling pump diode current | |
US20050035097A1 (en) | Altering the emission of an ablation beam for safety or control | |
US20040231682A1 (en) | Scanned small spot ablation with a high-rep-rate | |
US20050065502A1 (en) | Enabling or blocking the emission of an ablation beam based on color of target | |
EP2377482B1 (en) | A laser system for treatment of skin | |
US7675674B2 (en) | High-power-optical-amplifier using a number of spaced, thin slabs | |
US20050167405A1 (en) | Optical ablation using material composition analysis | |
US6829260B2 (en) | Multipulse dye laser | |
El-Sherif et al. | Soft and hard tissue ablation with short-pulse high peak power and continuous thulium-silica fibre lasers | |
WO2004105100A2 (en) | Trains of ablation pulses from multiple optical amplifiers | |
WO2004114473A2 (en) | Controlling pulse energy of an optically-pumped amplifier by repetition rate | |
JP6645736B2 (en) | Combined laser treatment method and apparatus with temperature control by multifunctional treatment laser | |
US6512782B1 (en) | Multipulse dye laser | |
WO2005018063A2 (en) | Pulse streaming of optically-pumped amplifiers | |
US20050177143A1 (en) | Remotely-controlled ablation of surfaces | |
CN113194861A (en) | Laser source, laser device and method for cutting tissue | |
Ha et al. | First assessment of a carbon monoxide laser and a thulium fiber laser for fractional ablation of skin | |
Tafoya et al. | Efficient and compact high-power mid-IR (~ 3 um) lasers for surgical applications | |
US20050272610A1 (en) | Apparatus and methods of tissue ablation using Sr vapor laser system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: RAYDIANCE, INC., FLORIDA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:STOLTZ, RICHARD;REEL/FRAME:020545/0848 Effective date: 20060417 Owner name: UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA RESEARCH FOUNDATION, Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:DELFYETT, PETER J.;REEL/FRAME:020545/0782 Effective date: 20051212 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |