US20080160857A1 - Blended insulation blanket - Google Patents

Blended insulation blanket Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080160857A1
US20080160857A1 US12/002,649 US264907A US2008160857A1 US 20080160857 A1 US20080160857 A1 US 20080160857A1 US 264907 A US264907 A US 264907A US 2008160857 A1 US2008160857 A1 US 2008160857A1
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Prior art keywords
fibers
component
mixtures
blanket
group
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US12/002,649
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Jacob T. Chacko
Jeffrey A. Tilton
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Owens Corning Intellectual Capital LLC
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Individual
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Priority to US12/002,649 priority Critical patent/US20080160857A1/en
Assigned to OWENS CORNING INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, LLC reassignment OWENS CORNING INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TILTON, JEFFREY A., CHACKO, JACOB T
Publication of US20080160857A1 publication Critical patent/US20080160857A1/en
Priority to US13/855,956 priority patent/US20130244525A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/02Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
    • F16L59/026Mattresses, mats, blankets or the like
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42Details
    • A47L15/4246Details of the tub
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42Details
    • A47L15/4209Insulation arrangements, e.g. for sound damping or heat insulation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/72Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/615Strand or fiber material is blended with another chemically different microfiber in the same layer
    • Y10T442/616Blend of synthetic polymeric and inorganic microfibers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the insulation field and, more particularly, to insulation blankets made from a loose filled blend of materials.
  • Non-woven fibrous insulation blankets made from a mixture of reinforcing fibers and a binder such as binding fibers or powder or liquid resins have long been known in the art. Examples of such blankets are disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,946,738, 4,889,764, 4,888,235 and 4,751,134 all to Chenoweth et al, 4,418,031 to Doerer et al, 5,983,586 to Berden, II et al. and 6,669,265 to Tilton et al. The use of glass fiber with average diameters of less than 5 microns in such blankets in order to provide desired thermal conductivity properties has been recognized in the prior art as exemplified by U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,759,785 to Barthe et al. and 5,674,307 to Huey et al.
  • the present invention relates to blended blankets that are both inexpensive to produce and provide still further enhanced and desirable properties over those available from blankets found in the prior art.
  • the insulation blanket comprises a blend of a first component and a second component.
  • the first component is a first fiber material selected from a group consisting of glass fibers, mineral fibers, basalt fibers, natural fibers and mixtures thereof having an average fiber diameter of between about 2 to about 20 microns.
  • the second component is made from a second material selected from a group consisting of (a) thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin, nylon, rayon and mixtures thereof, (b) monofilament fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin and nylon wherein those fibers under (a) and (b) have an average fiber diameter of between about 10 to about 30 microns, (c) a thermal setting resin composed of polyvinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, phenolic resin and mixtures thereof and (d) mixtures of (a), (b) and (c). Further, the blend includes between about 5 to about 95 weight percent of the first component and between about 5 to about 95 weight percent of the second component.
  • the blend includes between about 30 to about 70 weight percent of the first component and between about 30 to about 70 weight percent of the second component.
  • the fibers of the first component may have an average length of between about 6.35 to about 304.8 mm while fibers of the second component may have an average length of between about 12.7 to about 152.4 mm.
  • first component and the second component that are blended in the insulation blanket are heat bonded together with a first polymer of the thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers being melted and a second polymer of the thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fiber maintaining fiber integrity.
  • first and second components are mechanically bonded by needling.
  • the glass fibers utilized for the first component may be selected from a group consisting of textiles fibers including wet use chopped strand and dry use chopped strand, rotary fibers, flame attenuated fibers, bi-component glass fibers and mixtures thereof.
  • the fibers may be straight or crimped in shape.
  • thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers may be selected from a group consisting of core-sheath configuration, side-side configuration and mixtures thereof.
  • the materials used for the second component fibers may be amorphous, crystalline or mixtures thereof.
  • the insulation blanket of the present invention has a density of between about 0.4 and about 10.0 lbs/ft 3 .
  • the first fiber material includes a first group of fibers having an average fiber length of between about 6.35 and about 50.0 mm and an average fiber diameter of between about 2.0 and about 5.0 microns and a second group of fibers having an average fiber length of between about 25.4 and about 304.8 mm and an average fiber diameter of between about 6.0 and about 20.0 microns.
  • the blend includes between about 5 and about 70 weight percent of the first group of fibers and between 5 and about 70 weight percent of the second group of fibers. More typically, the blend includes between about 20 and about 60 weight percent of the first group of fibers and between about 20 and about 60 weight percent of the second group of fibers.
  • an electric appliance comprising a housing, a heating element and an insulation blanket of the type described above carried on at least a portion of the housing.
  • a dishwasher comprising a housing and an insulation blanket of the type described above carried on at least a portion of the housing.
  • a method for insulating an electric appliance comprises providing an insulation blanket of the type described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially schematical, perspective view of a dishwasher equipped with an insulation blanket of the present invention.
  • the insulation blanket 10 comprises a blend of a first component and a second component.
  • the first component is a first fiber material selected from a group consisting of glass fibers, mineral fibers, basalt fibers, natural fibers and mixtures thereof having an average fiber diameter of between about 2 and about 20 microns.
  • Natural fibers useful in the present invention include hemp, kenaf, jutte, cotton and the like.
  • Glass fibers useful in the present invention include textile glass fibers including wet use chopped strand, dry use chopped strand, E-glass, rotary glass fibers, flame attenuated glass fiber and bi-component glass fibers such as sold under the Miraflex trademark by Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. of Summitt, Ill.
  • Continuous glass fibers may be used and are typically chopped to a length of between about 12.7 and 152.4 mm.
  • Rotary and flame attenuated glass fibers may be any length but are generally 25.4 to 304.8 mm in length and could be pre-chopped to a length of 6.35 to about 76.2 mm.
  • the fibers may be straight or irregular shaped such as crimped. Where glass fibers are used, they are typically of the loose fill, wet use chopped strand or textile variety although other forms could be used.
  • the glass fibers may be E-glass or another type as desired.
  • the fibers may be treated with known lubricants and/or known anti-stat agents to aid in handling.
  • Lubricants useful in the present invention include but are not limited to silicones, silanes and mineral oil.
  • Anti-stats useful in the present invention include but are not limited to various quaternary ammonium compounds.
  • the second component of the insulation blanket may be made from a second material selected from a group consisting of (a) thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin, nylon, rayon and mixtures thereof, (b) monofilament fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin and nylon wherein said fibers under (a) and (b) have a diameter of between about 10 to about 30 microns, (c) a thermosetting resin composed of polyvinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, phenolic resin and mixtures thereof and (d) mixtures of (a), (b) and (c). While the fibers in (a) and (b) may be substantially any length, they are generally between about 12.7 to about 152.4 mm for best results.
  • any configuration of bi-component fibers may be used including but not limited to core-sheath configuration, side-side configuration and mixtures thereof. Further, the fibers used for the second component may be amorphous or crystalline in nature or mixtures thereof.
  • the insulation blanket 10 is a blend of between about 5 to about 95 weight percent of the first component and between about 5 to about 95 weight percent of the second component. More typically, the blanket 10 is a blend of between about 30 to about 70 weight percent of the first component and between about 30 to about 70 weight percent of the second component.
  • the first component and second component of the blanket are heat bonded together.
  • the second component includes fibers such as thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers, those fibers are not melted out during the heat bonding process.
  • heat bonding may take place by melting the first polymer of the bi-component fibers with the lower melting point while not melting and maintaining the fiber integrity of the second polymer of the bi-component fiber having the higher melting point.
  • the first component and second component of the blanket may be mechanically bonded together by needling.
  • both a heat bonding process and a needling process may be used to bind the components together and provide a blanket with a desired density.
  • the blanket 10 has a density of between about 0.4 and about 10.0 lbs/ft 3 .
  • the first fiber material used in the blanket 10 includes a first group of fibers having an average fiber length of between about 6.35 and about 50.0 mm and an average fiber diameter of between about 2.0 and about 5.0 microns and a second group of fibers having an average fiber length of between about 25.4 and about 304.8 mm and an average fiber diameter of between about 6.0 and about 20.0 microns.
  • the insulation blanket 10 includes between about 5 and about 70 weight percent of the first group of fibers and between about 5 and about 70 weight percent of the second group of fibers. More typically, the insulation blanket includes between about 20 and about 60 weight percent of the first group of fibers and between about 20 and about 60 weight percent of the second group of fibers. The amount of each group of fibers included in the blanket may be varied to tune the thermal insulative, acoustic and structural properties to meet the needs of any particular application.
  • the blanket 10 of the present invention By using lower fiber diameter loose filled glass fibers in the blanket 10 of the present invention it is possible to improve thermal and acoustical performance and, simultaneously, advantageously provide an UL 94 V-O fire rating.
  • the glass fibers can be produced in line to help lower the cost of manufacture of the blanket 10 .
  • the blending of the glass fibers with polymer fibers improves the “feel” of the blanket 10 compared to a 100% glass fiber blanket making it more acceptable to handle by assembly workers and installers.
  • the blending of the glass fibers and polymer fibers of the first and second components may be completed by needling instead of heat bonding. This can lower the cost of the blanket 10 .
  • a blanket 10 including rotary glass fibers of fine diameter for enhanced thermal properties and longer glass fibers for structural properties bond together by needling allows efficient, in-line production of a lower cost, high temperature insulation product.
  • the blanket 10 may be subjected to a surface treatment of a type as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,669,265 to Tilton et al or U.S. Pat. No. 7,128,561 to Rockwell et al. Such a treatment serves to densify the surface, locking in the fibers. Thus, the surface is smoother and more resistant to fraying, making the blanket 10 easier to handle during installation.
  • the insulation blanket 10 is particularly useful in insulating various components including but not limited to electric and kitchen appliances such as dishwashers, clothes washers, clothes dryers, water heaters, coffee makers, toasters, vacuum cleaners and the like.
  • the insulation blanket 10 may be wrapped around the housing 32 of a dishwasher 30 adapted for mounting in space S under a counter C.
  • the dishwasher 30 includes a housing 32 including both a washing chamber 34 and a door 36 for gaining access to the washing chamber.
  • a washing nozzle or cleaning element 38 in the washing chamber 34 directs a fluid stream against dishes held in the washing chamber.
  • a circulation pump 40 circulates that fluid under pressure through the washing nozzle 38 .
  • the table lists the absorption coefficients for the various frequencies listed. Frequency is given in Hertz (Hz) and the absorption coefficients represent how effective the materials are at absorbing sound for the given frequencies.
  • the absorption coefficient values range from 0 (no sound absorption) to 1.0 where 100% of the sound is absorbed. In reality it is not possible for a material to have an absorption coefficient value greater than 1.0 although sound measurements can sometimes register values greater than 1.0 due to material edge effects.
  • the blanket 10 of the present invention provides superior acoustic performance to the prior art cotton shoddy and 100% polyester fiber products of identical densities and thicknesses at all frequencies from 250 Hz to 4,000 Hz. The most significant improvement is provided in the important range from between 800 to 1600 Hz. This is the range of the human voice and highest sensitivity of human hearing.

Abstract

An insulation blanket includes a blend of a first component and a second component. The first component is a first fiber material selected from a group consisting of glass fibers, mineral fibers, basalt fibers, natural fibers and mixtures thereof. The second component is made of a second material selected from a group consisting of thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers, monofilament fibers, a thermal setting resin and mixtures thereof.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates generally to the insulation field and, more particularly, to insulation blankets made from a loose filled blend of materials.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Non-woven fibrous insulation blankets made from a mixture of reinforcing fibers and a binder such as binding fibers or powder or liquid resins have long been known in the art. Examples of such blankets are disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,946,738, 4,889,764, 4,888,235 and 4,751,134 all to Chenoweth et al, 4,418,031 to Doerer et al, 5,983,586 to Berden, II et al. and 6,669,265 to Tilton et al. The use of glass fiber with average diameters of less than 5 microns in such blankets in order to provide desired thermal conductivity properties has been recognized in the prior art as exemplified by U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,759,785 to Barthe et al. and 5,674,307 to Huey et al.
  • The present invention relates to blended blankets that are both inexpensive to produce and provide still further enhanced and desirable properties over those available from blankets found in the prior art.
  • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • In accordance with the purposes of the present invention as described herein, an improved non-woven insulation blanket is provided. The insulation blanket comprises a blend of a first component and a second component. The first component is a first fiber material selected from a group consisting of glass fibers, mineral fibers, basalt fibers, natural fibers and mixtures thereof having an average fiber diameter of between about 2 to about 20 microns. The second component is made from a second material selected from a group consisting of (a) thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin, nylon, rayon and mixtures thereof, (b) monofilament fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin and nylon wherein those fibers under (a) and (b) have an average fiber diameter of between about 10 to about 30 microns, (c) a thermal setting resin composed of polyvinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, phenolic resin and mixtures thereof and (d) mixtures of (a), (b) and (c). Further, the blend includes between about 5 to about 95 weight percent of the first component and between about 5 to about 95 weight percent of the second component. More typically, the blend includes between about 30 to about 70 weight percent of the first component and between about 30 to about 70 weight percent of the second component. The fibers of the first component may have an average length of between about 6.35 to about 304.8 mm while fibers of the second component may have an average length of between about 12.7 to about 152.4 mm.
  • In one possible embodiment the first component and the second component that are blended in the insulation blanket are heat bonded together with a first polymer of the thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers being melted and a second polymer of the thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fiber maintaining fiber integrity. In yet another embodiment, the first and second components are mechanically bonded by needling.
  • More specifically describing the invention, the glass fibers utilized for the first component may be selected from a group consisting of textiles fibers including wet use chopped strand and dry use chopped strand, rotary fibers, flame attenuated fibers, bi-component glass fibers and mixtures thereof. The fibers may be straight or crimped in shape.
  • Still further, the thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers may be selected from a group consisting of core-sheath configuration, side-side configuration and mixtures thereof. The materials used for the second component fibers may be amorphous, crystalline or mixtures thereof. Typically, the insulation blanket of the present invention has a density of between about 0.4 and about 10.0 lbs/ft3.
  • In yet another possible embodiment of the present invention, the first fiber material includes a first group of fibers having an average fiber length of between about 6.35 and about 50.0 mm and an average fiber diameter of between about 2.0 and about 5.0 microns and a second group of fibers having an average fiber length of between about 25.4 and about 304.8 mm and an average fiber diameter of between about 6.0 and about 20.0 microns. Typically, the blend includes between about 5 and about 70 weight percent of the first group of fibers and between 5 and about 70 weight percent of the second group of fibers. More typically, the blend includes between about 20 and about 60 weight percent of the first group of fibers and between about 20 and about 60 weight percent of the second group of fibers.
  • In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention an electric appliance is provided comprising a housing, a heating element and an insulation blanket of the type described above carried on at least a portion of the housing.
  • In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention a dishwasher is provided comprising a housing and an insulation blanket of the type described above carried on at least a portion of the housing.
  • In accordance with still another aspect of the present invention a method is provided for insulating an electric appliance. The method comprises providing an insulation blanket of the type described above.
  • In the following description there is shown and described preferred embodiments of the invention, simply by way of illustration of several of the modes best suited to carry out the invention. As it will be realized, the invention is capable of other different embodiments and its several details are capable of modification in various, obvious aspects all without departing from the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and descriptions will be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
  • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
  • The accompanying drawing incorporated in and forming a part of the specification, illustrates several aspects of the present invention and together with the description serves to explain certain principles of the invention. In the drawing:
  • FIG. 1 is a partially schematical, perspective view of a dishwasher equipped with an insulation blanket of the present invention.
  • Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION AND PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
  • An insulation blanket 10 is illustrated in FIG. 1. The insulation blanket 10 comprises a blend of a first component and a second component. The first component is a first fiber material selected from a group consisting of glass fibers, mineral fibers, basalt fibers, natural fibers and mixtures thereof having an average fiber diameter of between about 2 and about 20 microns. Natural fibers useful in the present invention include hemp, kenaf, jutte, cotton and the like. Glass fibers useful in the present invention include textile glass fibers including wet use chopped strand, dry use chopped strand, E-glass, rotary glass fibers, flame attenuated glass fiber and bi-component glass fibers such as sold under the Miraflex trademark by Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. of Summitt, Ill. Continuous glass fibers may be used and are typically chopped to a length of between about 12.7 and 152.4 mm. Rotary and flame attenuated glass fibers may be any length but are generally 25.4 to 304.8 mm in length and could be pre-chopped to a length of 6.35 to about 76.2 mm.
  • The fibers may be straight or irregular shaped such as crimped. Where glass fibers are used, they are typically of the loose fill, wet use chopped strand or textile variety although other forms could be used. The glass fibers may be E-glass or another type as desired. The fibers may be treated with known lubricants and/or known anti-stat agents to aid in handling. Lubricants useful in the present invention include but are not limited to silicones, silanes and mineral oil. Anti-stats useful in the present invention include but are not limited to various quaternary ammonium compounds.
  • The second component of the insulation blanket may be made from a second material selected from a group consisting of (a) thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin, nylon, rayon and mixtures thereof, (b) monofilament fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin and nylon wherein said fibers under (a) and (b) have a diameter of between about 10 to about 30 microns, (c) a thermosetting resin composed of polyvinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, phenolic resin and mixtures thereof and (d) mixtures of (a), (b) and (c). While the fibers in (a) and (b) may be substantially any length, they are generally between about 12.7 to about 152.4 mm for best results. Substantially any configuration of bi-component fibers may be used including but not limited to core-sheath configuration, side-side configuration and mixtures thereof. Further, the fibers used for the second component may be amorphous or crystalline in nature or mixtures thereof.
  • The insulation blanket 10 is a blend of between about 5 to about 95 weight percent of the first component and between about 5 to about 95 weight percent of the second component. More typically, the blanket 10 is a blend of between about 30 to about 70 weight percent of the first component and between about 30 to about 70 weight percent of the second component. In one possible embodiment the first component and second component of the blanket are heat bonded together. Typically, where the second component includes fibers such as thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers, those fibers are not melted out during the heat bonding process. Thus, for example, heat bonding may take place by melting the first polymer of the bi-component fibers with the lower melting point while not melting and maintaining the fiber integrity of the second polymer of the bi-component fiber having the higher melting point. Alternatively, the first component and second component of the blanket may be mechanically bonded together by needling. In yet another alternative both a heat bonding process and a needling process may be used to bind the components together and provide a blanket with a desired density. Typically the blanket 10 has a density of between about 0.4 and about 10.0 lbs/ft3.
  • In still another embodiment, the first fiber material used in the blanket 10 includes a first group of fibers having an average fiber length of between about 6.35 and about 50.0 mm and an average fiber diameter of between about 2.0 and about 5.0 microns and a second group of fibers having an average fiber length of between about 25.4 and about 304.8 mm and an average fiber diameter of between about 6.0 and about 20.0 microns. Where two groups of fibers are utilized for the first fiber material, the insulation blanket 10 includes between about 5 and about 70 weight percent of the first group of fibers and between about 5 and about 70 weight percent of the second group of fibers. More typically, the insulation blanket includes between about 20 and about 60 weight percent of the first group of fibers and between about 20 and about 60 weight percent of the second group of fibers. The amount of each group of fibers included in the blanket may be varied to tune the thermal insulative, acoustic and structural properties to meet the needs of any particular application.
  • By using lower fiber diameter loose filled glass fibers in the blanket 10 of the present invention it is possible to improve thermal and acoustical performance and, simultaneously, advantageously provide an UL 94 V-O fire rating. The glass fibers can be produced in line to help lower the cost of manufacture of the blanket 10. Further, the blending of the glass fibers with polymer fibers improves the “feel” of the blanket 10 compared to a 100% glass fiber blanket making it more acceptable to handle by assembly workers and installers. For certain applications the blending of the glass fibers and polymer fibers of the first and second components may be completed by needling instead of heat bonding. This can lower the cost of the blanket 10. Further, the use of the polymer fibers allows the subsequent molding of the blanket to a desired shape without adding additional binder materials when desired. In addition, a blanket 10 including rotary glass fibers of fine diameter for enhanced thermal properties and longer glass fibers for structural properties bond together by needling allows efficient, in-line production of a lower cost, high temperature insulation product.
  • If desired, the blanket 10 may be subjected to a surface treatment of a type as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,669,265 to Tilton et al or U.S. Pat. No. 7,128,561 to Rockwell et al. Such a treatment serves to densify the surface, locking in the fibers. Thus, the surface is smoother and more resistant to fraying, making the blanket 10 easier to handle during installation.
  • It should be appreciated that the insulation blanket 10 is particularly useful in insulating various components including but not limited to electric and kitchen appliances such as dishwashers, clothes washers, clothes dryers, water heaters, coffee makers, toasters, vacuum cleaners and the like. As illustrated in FIG. 1 the insulation blanket 10 may be wrapped around the housing 32 of a dishwasher 30 adapted for mounting in space S under a counter C. As illustrated the dishwasher 30 includes a housing 32 including both a washing chamber 34 and a door 36 for gaining access to the washing chamber. A washing nozzle or cleaning element 38 in the washing chamber 34 directs a fluid stream against dishes held in the washing chamber. A circulation pump 40 circulates that fluid under pressure through the washing nozzle 38.
  • Reference is now made to Table 1 in order to illustrate the enhanced acoustical insulating properties of the blanket 10 of the present invention compared to a typical cotton shoddy and a typical 100% polyester insulator of the prior art.
  • Absorption Coefficient
    ¾″ 3.2 lb/cu.ft. ¾″ 3.2 lb/cu.ft. ¾″ 3.2 lb/cu.ft.
    frequency Typical Typical Polyester Glass-PET Blend
    (Hz) Cotton Shoddy Fiber Product (per this invention)
    100 0.01 0.00 0.00
    125 0.02 0.00 0.01
    160 0.03 0.00 0.01
    200 0.04 0.01 0.03
    250 0.04 0.02 0.05
    315 0.06 0.04 0.08
    400 0.09 0.07 0.14
    500 0.12 0.09 0.19
    630 0.16 0.15 0.28
    800 0.21 0.23 0.40
    1000 0.27 0.33 0.52
    1250 0.36 0.44 0.64
    1600 0.48 0.56 0.76
    2000 0.57 0.68 0.84
    2500 0.70 0.78 0.90
    3150 0.83 0.87 0.93
    4000 0.93 0.93 0.95
    5000 0.98 0.95 0.95
    6300 0.98 0.92 0.95
  • The table lists the absorption coefficients for the various frequencies listed. Frequency is given in Hertz (Hz) and the absorption coefficients represent how effective the materials are at absorbing sound for the given frequencies. The absorption coefficient values range from 0 (no sound absorption) to 1.0 where 100% of the sound is absorbed. In reality it is not possible for a material to have an absorption coefficient value greater than 1.0 although sound measurements can sometimes register values greater than 1.0 due to material edge effects.
  • As should be appreciated, the blanket 10 of the present invention provides superior acoustic performance to the prior art cotton shoddy and 100% polyester fiber products of identical densities and thicknesses at all frequencies from 250 Hz to 4,000 Hz. The most significant improvement is provided in the important range from between 800 to 1600 Hz. This is the range of the human voice and highest sensitivity of human hearing.
  • The foregoing description of preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obvious modifications or variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described to provide the best illustration of the principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one or ordinary skill in the art to utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as is suited a particular use contemplated. All such modifications and variations are within the scope of the invention as determined by the appended claims when interpreted in accordance with the breadth to which they are fairly, legally and equitably entitled.

Claims (16)

1. An insulation blanket, comprising:
a blend of a first component and a second component;
said first component being a first fiber material selected from a group consisting of glass fibers, mineral fibers, basalt fibers, natural fibers and mixtures thereof having an average fiber diameter of between about 2 to about 20 microns;
said second component being a second material selected from a group consisting of (a) thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin, nylon, rayon and mixtures thereof, (b) monofilament fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin and nylon wherein said fibers under (a) and (b) have an average fiber diameter of between about 10 to about 30 microns, (c) a thermosetting resin composed of polyvinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, phenolic resin and mixtures thereof and (d) mixtures of (a), (b) and (c); and
wherein said blend includes between about 5 to about 95 weight percent of said first component and between about 5 and about 95 weight percent of said second component.
2. The blanket of claim 1, wherein said first fiber material has an average fiber length of between about 6.35 to about 304.8 mm and said second component has an average fiber length of between about 12.7 to about 152.4 mm.
3. The blanket of claim 1, wherein said first component and said second component are heat bonded together with a first polymer of said thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers being melted and a second polymer of said thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fiber maintaining fiber integrity.
4. The blanket of claim 1, wherein said first component and said second component are mechanically bonded by needling.
5. The blanket of claim 1, wherein said glass fibers are selected from a group consisting of textile fibers including wet use chopped strand and dry use chopped strand, rotary fibers, flame attenuated fibers, bi-component glass fibers and mixtures thereof.
6. The blanket of claim 5, wherein said fibers are straight or crimped in shape.
7. The blanket of claim 1, wherein said thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers are selected from a group consisting of core-sheath configuration, side-side configuration and mixtures thereof.
8. The blanket of claim 1, wherein said fibers of said second component are selected from a group consisting of amorphous, crystalline and mixtures thereof.
9. The blanket of claim 1, wherein said blanket has a density of between about 0.4 and about 10.0 lbs/ft3.
10. The blanket of claim 1, first fiber material includes a first group of fibers having an average fiber length of between about 6.35 and about 50.0 mm and an average fiber diameter of between about 2.0 and about 5.0 microns and a second group of fibers having an average fiber length of between about 25.4 and about 304.8 mm and an average fiber diameter of between about 6.0 and about 20.0 microns.
11. The blanket of claim 10, wherein said blend includes between about 5 and about 70 weight percent of said first group of fibers and between about 5 and about 70 weight percent of said second group of fibers.
12. The blanket of claim 10, wherein said blend includes between about 20 and about 60 weight percent of said first group of fibers and between about 20 and about 60 weight percent of said second group of fibers.
13. The blanket of claim 1, wherein said blend includes between about 30 to about 70 weight percent of said first component and between about 30 to about 70 weight percent of said second component.
14. An electric appliance, comprising:
a housing; and
an insulation blanket carried on at least a portion of said housing, said insulation blanket including a blend of a first component and a second component;
said first component being a first fiber material selected from a group consisting of glass fibers, mineral fibers, basalt fibers, natural fibers and mixtures thereof having an average fiber diameter of between about 2 to about 20 microns and an average fiber length of between about 6.35 to about 304.8 mm;
said second component being a second material selected from a group consisting of (a) thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin, nylon, rayon and mixtures thereof, (b) monofilament fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin and nylon wherein said fibers under (a) and (b) have an average fiber diameter of between about 10 to about 30 microns and an average fiber length of between about 12.7 to about 76.2 mm, (c) a thermosetting resin composed of polyvinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, phenolic resin and mixtures thereof and (d) mixtures of (a), (b) and (c); and
wherein said blend includes between about 5 to about 95 weight percent of said first component and between about 5 and about 95 weight percent of said second component.
15. A dishwasher, comprising:
a housing;
a cleaning element; and
an insulation blanket carried on at least a portion of said housing, said insulation blanket including a blend of a first component and a second component;
said first component being a first fiber material selected from a group consisting of glass fibers, mineral fibers, basalt fibers, natural fibers and mixtures thereof having an average fiber diameter of between about 2 to about 20 microns and an average fiber length of between about 6.35 to about 304.8 mm;
said second component being a second material selected from a group consisting of (a) thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin, nylon, rayon and mixtures thereof, (b) monofilament fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin and nylon wherein said fibers under (a) and (b) have an average fiber diameter of between about 10 to about 30 microns and an average fiber length of between about 12.7 to about 76.2 mm, (c) a thermosetting resin composed of polyvinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, phenolic resin and mixtures thereof and (d) mixtures of (a), (b) and (c); and
wherein said blend includes between about 5 to about 95 weight percent of said first component and between about 5 and about 95 weight percent of said second component.
16. A method of insulating an electric appliance, comprising:
providing an insulation blanket for said electric appliance wherein said insulation blanket includes a blend of a first component and a second component;
said first component being a first fiber material selected from a group consisting of glass fibers, mineral fibers, basalt fibers, natural fibers and mixtures thereof having an average fiber diameter of between about 2 to about 20 microns and an average fiber length of between about 6.35 to about 304.8 mm;
said second component being a second material selected from a group consisting of (a) thermoplastic copolymer bi-component fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin, nylon, rayon and mixtures thereof, (b) monofilament fibers composed of polyester, polyolefin and nylon wherein said fibers under (a) and (b) have an average fiber diameter of between about 10 to about 30 microns and an average fiber length of between about 12.7 to about 76.2 mm, (c) a thermosetting resin composed of polyvinylate of (a), (b), and (c); resin and mixtures thereof and (d) mixtures of (a), (b) and (c); and
wherein said blend includes between about 5 to about 95 weight percent of said first component and between about 5 and 95 weight percent of said second component.
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