US20080177376A1 - Stent With Improved Flexibility and Method for Making Same - Google Patents
Stent With Improved Flexibility and Method for Making Same Download PDFInfo
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- US20080177376A1 US20080177376A1 US11/624,343 US62434307A US2008177376A1 US 20080177376 A1 US20080177376 A1 US 20080177376A1 US 62434307 A US62434307 A US 62434307A US 2008177376 A1 US2008177376 A1 US 2008177376A1
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- ring
- valley
- stent
- peak
- deformed portion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0028—Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
- A61F2230/0054—V-shaped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2250/0029—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in bending or flexure capacity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
- C21D2201/01—Shape memory effect
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
A stent and a method for manufacturing a stent are provided. The stent includes a first ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, a second ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, and a connector that connects one of the peaks of the first ring to one of the valleys of the second ring. The connected peak of the first ring includes a deformed portion that extends towards the connected valley of the second ring. The method includes forming a first ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, forming a second ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, deforming a portion of at least one of the peaks of the first ring, and connecting the deformed portion of the peak of the first ring to one of the valleys of the second ring.
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates generally to a stent with improved flexibility. More specifically, the present invention relates to a welded stent having increased flexibility at the welded connections.
- 2. Description of Related Art
- A stent is a prosthesis that is inserted into a body lumen and used, for example, for treating stenoses, strictures, and/or aneurysms therein. In the event of a stenosed vessel, a stent may be used to prop open the vessel after an angioplasty procedure. Once opened, the stent forms to the inner wall of the vessel, remains in place, and may help prevent restenosis. Additionally, in the event of an aneurysm or weakened vessel wall, stents may be used to provide support to, and reinforce the vessel wall.
- To perform such functions, stents in the past have included many different structures. For example, previously disclosed stents include coiled stainless steel springs, helical wound springs, and generally serpentine configurations with continuous waves of generally sinusoidal character. Some of these stents self deploy when placed in the vessel, whereby stent expansion is primarily achieved by removing a restraint mechanism holding the stent in a constricted state. Other types of stents rely on alternate means to deploy, for example, use of a balloon catheter system, whereby balloon dilation expands and deploys the stent.
- One of the major complications associated with using stents has been thrombosis. This complication is caused by clotting in the vicinity of the stent and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. It has been shown that the better the stent apposition against the vessel wall and the larger the lumen, the less likely that this complication will occur. A further complication is restenosis, which is caused by tissue proliferation around the angioplasty site. To minimize the potential for restenosis, the stent should cover the lesion and not leave any significant gaps in which restenosis may occur. The stent should also adhere to the inner wall of the vessel as much as possible.
- Accordingly, when a stent deploys in a restricted vessel, adequate radial strength is required to overcome the strictures and ensure apposition of the stent to the vessel wall. Radial strength is a force produced by the stent acting at all points on the vessel wall in an outwardly direction perpendicular to the vessel wall. Stents are designed with circumferential rings to provide most of the radial strength needed to overcome radial forces pushing inwardly against the stent as the stent expands.
- Many stents also include longitudinal links that primarily act to attach longitudinally adjacent circumferential rings, but also add radial strength and stent stability. Once the stent is fully deployed, in addition to providing adequate radial strength, the stent must provide adequate vessel wall coverage, hereinafter referred to as scaffolding affect. Scaffolding affect is defined as the amount of area of the vessel wall covered by the stent, once the stent is fully deployed. The circumferential rings and longitudinal links connecting the circumferential rings have traditionally provided the needed scaffolding affect. Other stents include welded connections between longitudinally adjacent circumferential rings.
- Further, to meet the demands of adequate radial strength and scaffolding affect, conventional stents have been designed with circumferential rings manufactured with adequate ring width, which were then continuously connected at each peak and valley or trough by longitudinal links. However, such conventional stents suffer from predilation stent longitudinal rigidity. Predilation or crimped stent longitudinal rigidity is a resistance to movement and decreased flexibility of the stent along the stent's longitudinal axis. Accordingly, predilation longitudinal stent rigidity makes it much harder and oftentimes even impossible to thread the stent through long tortuous vessels and past constrictions and lesions.
- Past attempts have been made to overcome predilation stent longitudinal rigidity. Such attempts have included designs with decreased ring width, often referred to as decreased wire gauge, which resulted in increased longitudinal flexibility but decreased radial strength. These conventional designs have resulted in inadequate stent apposition and/or inadequate vessel wall support. Additionally, past attempts to increase longitudinal flexibility have included designs where longitudinal links are not attached to each peak and valley of the circumferential ring. Thus, only some of the peaks and valleys of adjacent circumferential rings are connected by longitudinal links. This increases longitudinal flexibility but decreases the scaffolding affect of the stent. The decreased scaffolding affect creates areas where the vessel wall is not adequately covered by the stent, which may lead to thrombosis and/or restenosis.
- Additionally, in order to meet the requirements of drug eluting stents, conventional stent substrates have been designed with circumferential elements manufactured with adequate ring/strut/apex width, which were then continuously connected at each peak and valley by longitudinal links. However, such conventional stents may suffer from abrasion or damage due to adjacent apexes (i.e., peaks and valleys) interacting during crimping and tracking, which may be caused by the close proximity of adjacent apexes coming into contact with one another due to links or weld not providing adequate clearance. This interaction may cause abrasion or damage during the coating of the stent with a drug and/or polymer or during tracking of the stent through the anatomy.
- Accordingly, there arises the need for a stent, which provides adequate radial strength, scaffolding affect, with increased apex spacing and longitudinal flexibility. It is among the objects of the present invention to provide a stent that overcomes the foregoing shortcomings and meets the needs discussed above.
- One aspect of the present invention provides a stent having improved longitudinal flexibility and minimal apex to apex (i.e., peak to valley) interaction between adjacent rings.
- In an embodiment of the present invention, a stent is provided. The stent includes a first ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, a second ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, and a connector connecting one of the peaks of the first ring to one of the valleys of the second ring. The connected peak of the first ring includes a deformed portion that extends towards the connected valley of the second ring.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a stent with improved longitudinal flexibility and increased apex to apex spacing between adjacent rings.
- In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a stent is provided. The method includes forming a first ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, forming a second ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, deforming a portion of at least one of the peaks of the first ring, and connecting the deformed portion to one of the valleys of the second ring.
- In another embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a stent is provided. The method includes forming a first ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, forming a second ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, connecting one of the peaks of the first ring to one of the valleys of the second ring, and deforming a portion of the connected peak of the first ring.
- The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention will become further apparent from the following detailed description of the presently preferred embodiments, read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The detailed description and drawings are merely illustrative of the invention, rather than limiting the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
- Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings in which corresponding reference symbols indicate corresponding parts, and in which:
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FIG. 1 illustrates a stent in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 2 illustrates a detailed view of a connection between two adjacent rings of a conventional welded stent; -
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 4 illustrates a detailed view of a connection between two adjacent rings of a stent according to an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 inFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a distal end of an embodiment of a tool used to manufacture the stent ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 7 is a side view of the tool ofFIG. 6 just before it is applied to one of the rings ofFIG. 4 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 8 is a side view of the tool ofFIG. 6 just after it has been applied to the ring ofFIG. 7 ; -
FIG. 9 is a side view of a portion of an apparatus used to manufacturing the stent ofFIG. 1 according to another embodiment of the invention; and -
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a distal end of a tool of the apparatus ofFIG. 9 . - The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following, more detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention, as illustrated with reference to the Figures. While specific embodiments are discussed in detail, it should be understood that this is done for illustrative purposes only. A person skilled in the art will recognize that other embodiments can be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
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FIG. 1 illustrates astent 10 according to an embodiment of the invention. As illustrated, thestent 10 includes a plurality of circumferential rings 12 that are each in the shape of a sinusoid. Eachring 12 includes a plurality ofpeaks 14 and a plurality ofvalleys 15 that are connected to each other by a plurality ofsegments 16. Aproximal end 18 of the sinusoid has been arbitrarily labeled “peak” and adistal end 20 of the sinusoid has been arbitrarily labeled “valley.” It would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that thepeaks 14 andvalleys 15 have been labeled for illustrative purposes and ease of understanding and that the terms may be switched. - Each
ring 12 may be formed from a single piece of material, such as a metal wire, or each ring/element 12 may be cut from a metal tube. Forrings 12 that are formed from a single wire, the ends of the wire may be welded together so as to form a continuous ring. The material used to fabricate therings 12 can be made of an inert, biocompatible material with high corrosion resistance that can be plastically deformed at low-moderate stress levels such as tantalum, or moderate to high stress levels such as L605, MP35N, or any other high work hardening rate material. Other acceptable materials include, but are not limited to, nickel titanium, stainless steel, titanium ASTM F63-83 Grade 1, niobium, cobalt-chromium (Co—Cr) alloys, and other cobalt-based alloys. A self-expanding device can be made by the use of superelastic NiTi, such as nitinol. As discussed in further detail below, a single ring may be connected to an adjacent ring with aconnector 22, such as aweld 24, so as to form a flexible connection between the rings. -
FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate a conventional connection betweenadjacent rings 12 a′, 12 b′ of astent 10′. As illustrated, therings 12 a′, 12 b′ may be connected with aconnector 22′. In the illustrated embodiment, theconnector 22′ is aweld 24′. During the manufacturing process, theadjacent rings 12 a′, 12 b′ are placed in contact with each other so that a peak 14 a′ of onering 12 a′ contacts avalley 15 b′ of anadjacent ring 12 b′. Theweld 24′ is then created at the contact point of the peak 14 a′ andvalley 15 b′ so as to form theconnector 22′. Theweld 24′ may be created by conventional welding techniques, including but not limited to butt welding, resistance welding, and/or laser welding. As shown inFIG. 2 , the resultingweld 24′ has a length of d1. Such a configuration may provide a connection with limited flexibility, because the peak 14 a′ andvalley 15 b′ are abutted against each other, and the length d1 of theweld 24′ is relatively short. In order to increase the length of the weld, thepeaks 14 a′ and thevalley 15 b′ of theadjacent rings 12 a′, 12 b′ would have to be spaced further apart before theweld 24′ is created, which may lead to inconsistent weld lengths and/or weaker connections. -
FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate a connection betweenadjacent rings rings 12 a includes adeformed portion 26 a andnon-deformed portions 28 a that are on opposite sides of thedeformed portion 26 a. Similarly, avalley 15 b of theadjacent ring 12 b includes adeformed portion 26 b andnon-deformed portions 28 b that are on opposite sides of thedeformed portion 26 b. Thedeformed portions rings connector 22 in the form of aweld 24. - As shown in greater detail in
FIG. 5 , thedeformed portions recess non-deformed portions valley 15 b, respectively. As discussed in further detail below, as eachrecess extension extensions 32 a of therecess 30 a extends in a direction that is toward thevalley 15 b of theadjacent ring 12 b, as shown inFIG. 6 , and theother extension 32 a extends in a direction that is away from thevalley 15 b of theadjacent ring 12 b. Although twoextensions 32 a are illustrated, in some embodiments, therecess 30 a may only include a single extension that extends towards thevalley 15 b of theadjacent ring 12 b. The illustrated embodiment is not intended to be limiting in any way. - As discussed in further detail below, the
deformed portions valley 15 b, respectively, such that the material plastically deforms, thereby creating therecesses extensions deformed portions non-deformed portions valley 15 b, respectively. - In an embodiment, the material in the
deformed portions non-deformed portions ring 12 a may be made from annealed stainless steel, or Co—Cr alloy having a Vickers hardness of about 220 HV, while the hardness of the material of thedeformed portion 26 a that has been work-hardened may be about 300 HV, which is an increase of about 36%. - Of course, the actual amount of increase in hardness of the material in the
deformed portion 26 a will depend on the material, the degree of deformation, the working temperature, and the amount and duration of pressure that is applied to the material. The same considerations apply to the deformation of thevalley 15 b of theadjacent ring 12 b, if applicable. In some embodiments, only the peak of one ring is deformed and is connected to a non-deformed valley of an adjacent ring. The illustrated embodiment is not intended to be limiting in any way. - By creating the
deformed portions valley 15 b, respectively, by work hardening the material, not only are theextensions extensions valley 15 b to be more flexible, yet stronger. Increased flexibility may be achieved by allowing thenon-deformed portions valley 15 b in theadjacent rings valley 15 b′ illustrated inFIGS. 2 and 3 and discussed above. - For example, as discussed above, in the conventional welded
stent 10′, theweld 24′ has a length of d1. However, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 4 , theweld 24 of thestent 10 has a length d2, which is greater than d1 due to the presence of theextensions deformed portions valley 15 b, respectively. The longer weld 24 (as compared to theweld 24′ illustrated inFIGS. 2 and 3 ) may improve the flexibility of theconnector 22, while the work hardened material in thedeformed portions connector 22. In other words, the presence of theextensions weld 24 may increase the strength of the connection between theadjacent rings - The
weld 24 may be created by conventional welding techniques, including but not limited to butt welding, resistance welding, and/or laser welding. In addition, it is contemplated that theconnector 22 may not be in the form of a weld per say, and may be created by soldering or brazing. - In an embodiment, heat may be generated at the peak 14 a and the
valley 15 b with a laser, so as to cause the material in the peak 14 a and thevalley 15 b to flow together, thereby creating theweld 24. As theweld 24 is created, an inert gas, such as argon or helium, may be used to flood the weld area at a sufficient flow rate to prevent oxidation so that theweld 24 does not become brittle. Of course, other welding techniques may be used, and the above-described method should not be considered to be limiting in any way. -
FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of atool 40 that may be used to create thedeformed portion 26 a of the peak 14 a of thering 12 a described above. Of course, thesame tool 40 may be used to create thedeformed portion 26 b of thevalley 15 b of thering 12 b as well. Thetool 40 is preferably fabricated from a material having a greater hardness than the material used to form thering 12 a. In the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 6 , thetool 40 includes apunch 42 that has a circular cross-section and adistal end 44 that is flat. Of course, thepunch 42 may have other cross-sectional shapes, such as ellipsoid, rectangular, etc. The illustrated embodiment of thepunch 42 is not intended to be limiting in any way. - A
support 46 may be placed inside thering 12 so that it contacts aninside surface 48 of the peak 14 a, as shown inFIG. 7 . Thesupport 46 may be a mandrel, or any other structure that is configured to support thering 12 a as thepunch 42 is used to create thedeformed portion 26 a of the peak 14 a. After thering 12 a has been properly positioned on thesupport 46, thepunch 42 may engage anoutside surface 50 of the peak 14 a at a location of the peak 14 a where thedeformed portion 26 a should be created. With the peak 14 a positioned between thesupport 46 and thepunch 42, suitable pressure may be applied to thepunch 42 until the desired amount of deformation takes place, as shown inFIG. 8 . The suitable pressure should be enough pressure to cause the material of the peak 14 a to flow, yet not too great to cause the material at the peak 14 a to fracture. As would be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art, the stress-strain curve of the material used to form therings 12 may be used to select the suitable pressure. After the desired amount of deformation has taken place, thepunch 42 may be removed from the peak 14 a, thereby leaving thedeformed portion 26 a behind. - In another embodiment, the
deformed portions apparatus 52 illustrated inFIG. 9 . As illustrated, theapparatus 52 includes amandrel 54 on which therings 12 of thestent 10 are placed. Theapparatus 52 also includes a plurality oftools 40 that are aligned along themandrel 54 such that thetools 40 are axially aligned with thepeaks 14 of therings 12. In an embodiment, illustrated in greater detail inFIG. 10 , thetool 40 includes aroller 56 at a distal end thereof. Themandrel 54 may be rotated and thetools 40 may be moved towards the mandrel so that eachroller 56 may engage theouter surfaces 46 of thepeaks 14. As shown, asingle roller 56 may engage apeak 14 of one ring and avalley 15 of anadjacent ring 12 at the same time. Of course, other arrangements may be used. For example, if deformed portions 26 are to be created in onlycertain peaks 14 and/orvalleys 15, rather than all of thepeaks 14 andvalley 15, themandrel 54 and therollers 56 may be indexed so that therollers 56 only contact thepeaks 14 in which the deformed portions 26 are to be created. The illustrated embodiment is not intended to be limiting in any way. - In another embodiment, that peak 14 a and the
valley 15 b ofadjacent rings FIG. 2 , and the tool 40 (either with thepunch 48 ofFIG. 6 or theroller 56 ofFIG. 10 ) may then be used to create thedeformed portions valley 15 b, respectively, in the manner discussed above. Both methods are contemplated as being within embodiments of the present invention. - While the embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are presently considered to be preferred, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is indicated in the appended claims, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalents are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (38)
1. A method for manufacturing a stent, the method comprising:
forming a first ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys;
forming a second ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys;
deforming a portion of at least one of the peaks of the first ring; and
connecting the deformed portion to one of the valleys of the second ring.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first ring is formed from a first continuous wire.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the second ring is formed from a second continuous wire.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said deforming comprises work hardening the portion.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the Vicker hardness value of the deformed portion of the peak increases by at least about 20% during said work hardening.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the Vicker hardness value of the deformed portion of the peak increases by about 20% to about 40% during said work hardening
7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising deforming a portion of at least one of the valleys of the second ring, and wherein said connecting comprises connecting the deformed portion of the at least one peak of the first ring to the deformed portion of the at least one valley of the second ring.
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein said deforming the portion of the at least one valley of the second ring comprises work hardening the portion of the at least one valley.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the Vicker hardness value of the deformed portion of the valley of the second ring increases by at least about 20% during said work hardening.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the Vicker hardness value of the deformed portion of the valley of the second ring increases by about 20% to about 40% during said work hardening.
11. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the deformed portion of the peak of the first ring and the deformed portion of the valley of the second ring contact each other during said connecting so as to space apart non-deformed portions of the peak and non-deformed portions of the valley.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said deforming comprises pressing a tool against the portion.
13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the tool comprises a punch.
14. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the tool comprises a roller.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said connecting comprises welding.
16. A method for manufacturing a stent, the method comprising:
forming a first ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys;
forming a second ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys;
connecting one of the peaks of the first ring to one of the valleys of the second ring; and
deforming a portion of the connected peak of the first ring.
17. The method according to claim 16 , further comprising deforming a portion of the connected valley of the second ring.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein said deforming the portion of the connected valley of the second ring comprises work hardening.
19. The method according to claim 18 , wherein the Vicker hardness value of the deformed portion of the valley of the second ring increases by at least about 20% during said work hardening.
20. The method according to claim 19 , wherein the Vicker hardness value of the deformed portion of the valley of the second ring increases by about 20% to about 40% during said work hardening.
21. The method according to claim 16 , wherein said deforming comprises work hardening.
22. The method according to claim 21 , wherein the Vicker hardness value of the deformed portion of the peak increases by at least about 20% during said work hardening.
23. The method according to claim 22 , wherein the Vicker hardness value of the deformed portion of the peak increases by about 20% to about 40% during said work hardening.
24. The method according to claim 16 , wherein said deforming comprises pressing a tool against the portion.
25. The method according to claim 24 , wherein the tool comprises a punch.
26. The method according to claim 24 , wherein the tool comprises a roller.
27. The method according to claim 16 , wherein said connecting comprises welding.
28. A stent comprising:
a first ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys;
a second ring having a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys; and
a connector connecting one of the peaks of the first ring to one of the valleys of the second ring, the connected peak of the first ring comprising a deformed portion that extends towards the connected valley of the second ring.
29. The stent according to claim 28 , wherein the deformed portion of the peak has a Vickers hardness value that is at least about 20% greater than the Vickers hardness value of non-deformed portions of the peak.
30. The stent according to claim 29 , wherein the deformed portion of the peak has a Vickers hardness value that is about 20% to about 40% greater than the Vickers hardness value of non-deformed portions of the peak.
31. The stent according to claim 28 , wherein the connected valley of the second ring comprises a deformed portion that extends towards the connected peak of the first ring.
32. The stent according to claim 31 , wherein the deformed portion of the valley of the second ring has a Vickers hardness value that is at least about 20% greater than the Vickers hardness value of non-deformed portions of the valley of the second ring.
33. The stent according to claim 32 , wherein the deformed portion of the valley of the second ring has a Vickers hardness value that is about 20% to about 40% greater than the Vickers hardness value of non-deformed portions of the valley of the second ring.
34. The stent according to claim 31 , wherein the deformed portion of the peak of the first ring and the deformed portion of the valley of the second ring contact each other so as to space apart the non-deformed portions of the peak and the non-deformed portions of the valley.
35. The stent according to claim 31 , wherein the connector comprises a weld that contacts the deformed portion of the peak of the first ring and the deformed portion of the valley of the second ring.
36. The stent according to claim 35 , wherein the connector comprises a weld that contacts the deformed portion.
37. The stent according to claim 28 , wherein the first ring is formed from a first continuous wire.
38. The stent according to claim 37 , wherein the second ring is formed from a second continuous wire.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/624,343 US20080177376A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 | 2007-01-18 | Stent With Improved Flexibility and Method for Making Same |
JP2009546469A JP5521244B2 (en) | 2007-01-18 | 2008-01-14 | Stent with improved flexibility and method for manufacturing the stent |
EP14182531.5A EP2842524A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 | 2008-01-14 | Stent with improved flexibility and method for making same |
PCT/US2008/050993 WO2008089134A2 (en) | 2007-01-18 | 2008-01-14 | Stent with improved flexibility and method for making same |
EP08727644.0A EP2111194B1 (en) | 2007-01-18 | 2008-01-14 | Stent with improved flexibility and method for making same |
US13/759,334 US9056351B2 (en) | 2007-01-18 | 2013-02-05 | Stent with improved flexibility and method for making same |
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US13/759,334 Active 2027-09-29 US9056351B2 (en) | 2007-01-18 | 2013-02-05 | Stent with improved flexibility and method for making same |
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EP (2) | EP2111194B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5521244B2 (en) |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20130146173A1 (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2013-06-13 | Medtronic Vascular, Inc. | Stent With Improved Flexibility and Method for Making Same |
US20140121756A1 (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2014-05-01 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Stent with varying cross-section |
CN103906484A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2014-07-02 | 尼普洛株式会社 | Stent |
CN109512558A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-03-26 | 杭州天启钛智能科技有限公司 | A kind of application method of intravascular stent and intravascular stent |
US11911272B2 (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2024-02-27 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Bioabsorbable medical devices |
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US8128677B2 (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2012-03-06 | Intact Vascular LLC | Device and method for tacking plaque to a blood vessel wall |
US10716573B2 (en) | 2008-05-01 | 2020-07-21 | Aneuclose | Janjua aneurysm net with a resilient neck-bridging portion for occluding a cerebral aneurysm |
US10028747B2 (en) | 2008-05-01 | 2018-07-24 | Aneuclose Llc | Coils with a series of proximally-and-distally-connected loops for occluding a cerebral aneurysm |
US9358140B1 (en) | 2009-11-18 | 2016-06-07 | Aneuclose Llc | Stent with outer member to embolize an aneurysm |
US9375336B1 (en) | 2015-01-29 | 2016-06-28 | Intact Vascular, Inc. | Delivery device and method of delivery |
US9433520B2 (en) | 2015-01-29 | 2016-09-06 | Intact Vascular, Inc. | Delivery device and method of delivery |
US10993824B2 (en) | 2016-01-01 | 2021-05-04 | Intact Vascular, Inc. | Delivery device and method of delivery |
US11660218B2 (en) | 2017-07-26 | 2023-05-30 | Intact Vascular, Inc. | Delivery device and method of delivery |
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US11911272B2 (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2024-02-27 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Bioabsorbable medical devices |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5521244B2 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
US9056351B2 (en) | 2015-06-16 |
EP2842524A1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
US20130146173A1 (en) | 2013-06-13 |
WO2008089134A3 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
JP2010516340A (en) | 2010-05-20 |
EP2111194B1 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
EP2111194A2 (en) | 2009-10-28 |
WO2008089134A2 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
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Legal Events
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Owner name: MEDTRONIC VASCULAR, INC., CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KRIVORUCHKO, MICHAEL;LESSAR, JOSEPH;REEL/FRAME:018771/0700;SIGNING DATES FROM 20061130 TO 20070117 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- AFTER EXAMINER'S ANSWER OR BOARD OF APPEALS DECISION |