US20080276628A1 - Fuel gas supply system and method of an lng carrier - Google Patents

Fuel gas supply system and method of an lng carrier Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080276628A1
US20080276628A1 US12/028,207 US2820708A US2008276628A1 US 20080276628 A1 US20080276628 A1 US 20080276628A1 US 2820708 A US2820708 A US 2820708A US 2008276628 A1 US2008276628 A1 US 2008276628A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lng
fuel gas
pressure
gas supply
boil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/028,207
Inventor
Jung Han Lee
Dong Kyu Choi
Hyun Ki Park
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hanwha Ocean Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=39532961&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=US20080276628(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co Ltd
Assigned to DAEWOO SHIPBUILDING & MARINE ENGINEERING CO., LTD. reassignment DAEWOO SHIPBUILDING & MARINE ENGINEERING CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHOI, DONG KYU, PARK, HYUN KI, LEE, JUNG HAN
Priority to US12/055,118 priority Critical patent/US20080276627A1/en
Publication of US20080276628A1 publication Critical patent/US20080276628A1/en
Priority to US12/332,842 priority patent/US20090133674A1/en
Priority to US12/332,733 priority patent/US7690365B2/en
Priority to US13/297,166 priority patent/US20120060516A1/en
Priority to US13/297,162 priority patent/US20120055171A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B17/0027—Tanks for fuel or the like ; Accessories therefor, e.g. tank filler caps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/14—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven relating to internal-combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/16—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven relating to gas turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/022—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel pressure, temperature or composition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0245—High pressure fuel supply systems; Rails; Pumps; Arrangement of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0287—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers characterised by the transition from liquid to gaseous phase ; Injection in liquid phase; Cooling and low temperature storage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0178—Arrangement in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0306—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0626—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
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    • F17C2250/0631—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/02—Mixing fluids
    • F17C2265/022—Mixing fluids identical fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/031—Treating the boil-off by discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
    • Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel gas supply system and method of an LNG carrier, and more particularly, to a fuel gas supply system and method of an LNG carrier for efficiently supplying fuel gas from an LNG storage tank to a high-pressure gas injection engine in the LNG carrier.
  • natural gas is turned into a liquefied natural gas (hereinafter called “LNG”) at a cryogenic temperature in a liquefaction plant, and then transported over long distances to a destination by an LNG carrier.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • LNG is likely to be vaporized even when the temperature of the LNG is slightly higher than ⁇ 163 degrees Celsius at ambient pressure.
  • an LNG carrier having an LNG storage tank which is thermally-insulated, as heat is continually transmitted from the outside to the LNG in the LNG storage tank, the LNG is continually vaporized and boil-off gas is generated in the LNG storage tank during the transportation of LNG by the LNG carrier.
  • boil-off gas In an LNG carrier, if boil-off gas is accumulated in an LNG storage tank, the pressure in the LNG storage tank excessively increases. Consequently, to treat the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank, the boil-off gas is used as a fuel for a ship propulsion engine or burned in a gas combustor.
  • a multi-stage compressor is used in a conventional fuel gas supply system to compress boil-off gas at a high pressure.
  • This multi-stage compression has problems that the fuel gas supply system becomes very complex, and that an excessive amount of power is required to compress the boil-off gas in a gaseous state at a high pressure.
  • the present invention is to provide a fuel gas supply system and method of an LNG carrier which can simplify the configuration, reduce power requirements, and prevent an excessive pressure increase due to accumulation of boil-off gas in an LNG storage tank, in supplying fuel gas to a high-pressure gas injection engine of an LNG carrier.
  • the fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier as a system for supplying fuel gas to a high-pressure gas injection engine of an LNG carrier, is characterized in that LNG is extracted from an LNG storage tank of the LNG carrier, compressed at a high pressure, gasified, and then supplied to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • the fuel gas supply method of an LNG carrier as a method for supplying fuel gas to a high-pressure gas injection engine of an LNG carrier, is characterized in that LNG is extracted from an LNG storage tank of the LNG carrier, compressed to meet the pressure requirements for the high-pressure gas injection engine, gasified, and then supplied to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated in FIG. 1 , the fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier is to supply fuel gas to a high-pressure gas injection engine of an LNG carrier.
  • the fuel gas supply system of FIG. 1 includes a fuel gas supply line L 1 for supplying LNG extracted from an LNG storage tank 1 of an LNG carrier to a high-pressure gas injection engine of the LNG carrier, and a heat exchanger 3 installed in the middle of the fuel gas supply line L 1 so as to exchange heat between LNG and boil-off gas extracted from the LNG storage tank 1 .
  • the fuel gas supply line L 1 upstream of the heat exchanger 3 has a first pump 2 for compressing the LNG to meet the pressure requirements for the high-pressure gas injection engine and supplying the LNG toward the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • the first pump 2 is illustrated as installed in the LNG storage tank, but may be installed in the fuel gas supply line L 1 upstream of the heat exchanger 3 outside the LNG storage tank 1 .
  • the first pump 2 may comprise one pump or two pumps.
  • a boil-off gas liquefaction line L 2 is connected from an upper portion of the LNG storage tank 1 , passing through the heat exchanger 3 , to one side of the LNG storage tank 1 .
  • the boil-off gas is extracted from an upper portion of the LNG storage tank 1 , passes through the heat exchanger 3 , and is returned to one side of the LNG storage tank 1 .
  • the LNG exchanges heat with the boil-off gas to increase the temperature of the LNG and then the LNG is supplied toward the high-pressure gas injection engine, and the boil-off gas is liquefied by heat exchange with the LNG and then returned to the LNG storage tank 1 . If the boil-off gas in an upper portion of the LNG storage tank 1 is liquefied and returned to a lower portion of the LNG storage tank 1 , it can prevent the pressure in the LNG storage tank from excessively increasing due to accumulation of the boil-off gas in the LNG storage tank 1 .
  • a second pump 4 is installed in the fuel gas supply line L 1 downstream of the heat exchanger 3 so as to compress the LNG which has exchanged heat with the boil-off gas to meet the pressure requirements for the high-pressure gas injection engine, and then to supply the compressed LNG to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • a heater 5 is installed in the fuel gas supply line L 1 downstream of the second pump 4 so as to heat the LNG which has exchanged heat in the heat exchanger 3 , and then to supply the heat exchanged LNG to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • boil-off gas compressor 6 and a cooler 7 are installed in the boil-off gas liquefaction line L 2 upstream of the heat exchanger 3 so as to compress and cool the boil-off gas extracted from the LNG storage tank 1 before the exchange of heat between the boil-off gas and the LNG.
  • the pressure of the fuel gas required for the MEGI engine can range from 200 to 300 bar (gauge pressure), preferably 250 bar (gauge pressure).
  • the LNG is compressed to 27 bar (gauge pressure) in the first pump 2 , and the temperature of the LNG increases from approximately ⁇ 163 degrees Celsius to approximately ⁇ 100 degrees Celsius while passing through the heat exchanger 3 , and the LNG in a liquid state is supplied to the second pump 4 and compressed to approximately 250 bar (gauge pressure) in the second pump 4 (as it is in a supercritical state, there is no division between liquid and gas states), then heated in the heater 5 , and then supplied to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • the pressure of the LNG supplied to the heat exchanger 3 is high, the LNG, though its temperature increases by passing through the heat exchanger, is not gasified.
  • the pressure of fuel gas required for the gas turbine engine can range from 20 to 40 bar (gauge pressure), preferably 30 bar (gauge pressure).
  • the LNG is compressed to 30 bar (gauge pressure) in the first pump 2 , and part of the LNG is gasified while passing through the heat exchanger 3 , supplied to the heater 5 and heated in the heater 5 , and then supplied to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • the second pump 4 is not necessary.
  • Flow rate control-type pressure control valves 11 are installed in the fuel gas supply line L 1 at the front and rear of the first pump 2 , in the fuel gas supply line L 1 at the front and rear of the second pump 4 , and in the boil-off gas liquefaction line L 2 at the front and rear of the boil-off gas compressor 6 and the cooler 7 , so as to control the pressure of the fluid passing through the lines.
  • flow rate control-type temperature control valves 12 are installed in the fuel gas supply line 11 at the front and rear of the heater 5 so as to control the temperature of the fluid passing though the line.
  • Pressure sensors 13 are connected between the fuel gas supply line L 1 at a rear end of the first pump 2 , the fuel gas supply line L 1 at a rear end of the second pump 4 , the boil-off gas liquefaction line L 2 at a rear end of the boil-off gas compressor 6 and the cooler 7 , and the pressure control valves 11 . Also, temperature sensors 15 are connected between the fuel gas supply line L 1 at a rear end of the heater 5 and the temperature control valves 12 .
  • the flow rate control-type pressure control valves 11 and temperature control valve 12 control the flow rate, thereby controlling the pressure or temperature of the fluid passing through themselves.
  • an expandable pressure control valve 12 a is installed in the middle of the boil-off gas liquefaction line L 2 downstream of the heat exchanger 3 so as to control the pressure of the fluid passing through the line L 2 .
  • the pressure sensor 13 is connected between the pressure control valve 12 a and the boil-off gas liquefaction line L 2 at a front end of the pressure control valve 12 a installed in the boil-off gas liquefaction line L 2 downstream of the heat exchanger 3 .
  • the boil-off liquefaction line L 2 may be configured such that it passes through the heat exchanger 3 from an upper portion of the LNG storage tank 1 and is connected between the heat exchanger 3 and the heater 5 in the middle of the fuel gas supply line L 1 .
  • boil-off gas is liquefied by heat exchange with the LNG in the heat exchanger 3 , compressed in a liquid state, gasified, and then used as fuel gas of the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • the pressure control valve 12 a installed in the boil-off gas liquefaction line L 2 downstream of the heat exchanger 3 controls the pressure of the passing fluid to correspond to the pressure of the LNG in the fuel gas supply line L 1 .
  • the heat exchanger 3 for exchanging heat between the LNG and the boil-off gas extracted from the LNG storage tank 1 is installed in the middle of the fuel gas supply line L 1 .
  • a recondenser for directly mixing the LNG and the boil-off gas may be installed.
  • a recondenser 103 instead of a heat exchanger is installed in the fuel gas supply line L 1 .
  • the boil-off gas liquefaction line L 2 for extracting boil-off gas from an upper portion of the LNG storage tank 1 and returning the extracted boil-off gas to one side of the LNG storage tank 1 passes through the recondenser 103 installed in the middle of the fuel gas supply line L 1 .
  • the recondenser 103 generates condensed LNG by mixing/liquefying the LNG extracted from a lower portion of the LNG storage tank 1 and the boil-off gas extracted from the upper portion of the LNG storage tank 1 .
  • the LNG condensed in the recondenser 103 is supplied to the high-pressure gas injection engine through the fuel gas supply line L 1 , or returned to the LNG storage tank 1 through the boil-off gas liquefaction line L 2 .
  • the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank is not compressed in a gas state at a high pressure, and thus is not used as fuel gas of the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • the LNG storage tank used in the fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier may be designed such that it has strength enough to withstand a pressure increase due to the boil-off gas so as to allow the pressure increase due to the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank during the voyage of the LNG carrier.
  • the fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier may include a boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus comprising a cold box and a refrigeration system.
  • a heat exchanger is installed in the middle of the fuel gas supply line for compressing the LNG in the LNG storage tank and supplying the compressed LNG as fuel gas to the high-pressure gas injection engine, and the fuel gas generated in the LNG storage tank exchanges heat with the LNG in the middle of the boil-off gas supply line, and thereby is liquefied. Consequently, the boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus which is additionally installed may be configured to have a small capacity.
  • the fuel gas supply system and method of an LNG carrier of the present invention LNG is extracted from an LNG storage tank, compressed at a high pressure, gasified, and supplied to a high-pressure gas injection engine. Consequently, the fuel gas supply system and method have advantages of simplifying the configuration, reducing power requirements, and preventing an excessive pressure increase due to accumulation of boil-off gas in the LNG storage tank, in supplying fuel gas to the high-pressure gas injection engine in an LNG carrier.

Abstract

A fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier is provided for supplying fuel gas to a high-pressure gas injection engine of an LNG carrier, wherein LNG is extracted from an LNG storage tank of the LNG carrier, compressed at a high pressure, gasified, and then supplied to the high-pressure gas injection engine.

Description

    BACKGROUND
  • 1. Technical Field
  • The present invention relates to a fuel gas supply system and method of an LNG carrier, and more particularly, to a fuel gas supply system and method of an LNG carrier for efficiently supplying fuel gas from an LNG storage tank to a high-pressure gas injection engine in the LNG carrier.
  • 2. Description of the Related Art
  • Generally, natural gas is turned into a liquefied natural gas (hereinafter called “LNG”) at a cryogenic temperature in a liquefaction plant, and then transported over long distances to a destination by an LNG carrier.
  • As liquefaction of natural gas occurs at a cryogenic temperature of −163 degrees Celsius at ambient pressure, LNG is likely to be vaporized even when the temperature of the LNG is slightly higher than −163 degrees Celsius at ambient pressure. In an LNG carrier having an LNG storage tank which is thermally-insulated, as heat is continually transmitted from the outside to the LNG in the LNG storage tank, the LNG is continually vaporized and boil-off gas is generated in the LNG storage tank during the transportation of LNG by the LNG carrier.
  • In an LNG carrier, if boil-off gas is accumulated in an LNG storage tank, the pressure in the LNG storage tank excessively increases. Consequently, to treat the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank, the boil-off gas is used as a fuel for a ship propulsion engine or burned in a gas combustor.
  • In case where a high-pressure gas injection engine, for example, MEGI engine manufactured by MAN B&W Diesel Inc., is used as a ship propulsion engine of an LNG carrier, a multi-stage compressor is used in a conventional fuel gas supply system to compress boil-off gas at a high pressure. This multi-stage compression has problems that the fuel gas supply system becomes very complex, and that an excessive amount of power is required to compress the boil-off gas in a gaseous state at a high pressure.
    • BRIEF SUMMARY
  • To solve the above-mentioned problems posed by the prior art, the present invention is to provide a fuel gas supply system and method of an LNG carrier which can simplify the configuration, reduce power requirements, and prevent an excessive pressure increase due to accumulation of boil-off gas in an LNG storage tank, in supplying fuel gas to a high-pressure gas injection engine of an LNG carrier.
  • To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to one embodiment of the present invention, as a system for supplying fuel gas to a high-pressure gas injection engine of an LNG carrier, is characterized in that LNG is extracted from an LNG storage tank of the LNG carrier, compressed at a high pressure, gasified, and then supplied to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • Also, the fuel gas supply method of an LNG carrier according to one embodiment of the present invention, as a method for supplying fuel gas to a high-pressure gas injection engine of an LNG carrier, is characterized in that LNG is extracted from an LNG storage tank of the LNG carrier, compressed to meet the pressure requirements for the high-pressure gas injection engine, gasified, and then supplied to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to another embodiment of the present invention; and
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with references to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier is to supply fuel gas to a high-pressure gas injection engine of an LNG carrier.
  • The fuel gas supply system of FIG. 1 includes a fuel gas supply line L1 for supplying LNG extracted from an LNG storage tank 1 of an LNG carrier to a high-pressure gas injection engine of the LNG carrier, and a heat exchanger 3 installed in the middle of the fuel gas supply line L1 so as to exchange heat between LNG and boil-off gas extracted from the LNG storage tank 1.
  • The fuel gas supply line L1 upstream of the heat exchanger 3 has a first pump 2 for compressing the LNG to meet the pressure requirements for the high-pressure gas injection engine and supplying the LNG toward the high-pressure gas injection engine. According to this embodiment, the first pump 2 is illustrated as installed in the LNG storage tank, but may be installed in the fuel gas supply line L1 upstream of the heat exchanger 3 outside the LNG storage tank 1. Also, the first pump 2 may comprise one pump or two pumps.
  • A boil-off gas liquefaction line L2 is connected from an upper portion of the LNG storage tank 1, passing through the heat exchanger 3, to one side of the LNG storage tank 1. The boil-off gas is extracted from an upper portion of the LNG storage tank 1, passes through the heat exchanger 3, and is returned to one side of the LNG storage tank 1.
  • In the heat exchanger 3, the LNG exchanges heat with the boil-off gas to increase the temperature of the LNG and then the LNG is supplied toward the high-pressure gas injection engine, and the boil-off gas is liquefied by heat exchange with the LNG and then returned to the LNG storage tank 1. If the boil-off gas in an upper portion of the LNG storage tank 1 is liquefied and returned to a lower portion of the LNG storage tank 1, it can prevent the pressure in the LNG storage tank from excessively increasing due to accumulation of the boil-off gas in the LNG storage tank 1.
  • In one embodiment, a second pump 4 is installed in the fuel gas supply line L1 downstream of the heat exchanger 3 so as to compress the LNG which has exchanged heat with the boil-off gas to meet the pressure requirements for the high-pressure gas injection engine, and then to supply the compressed LNG to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • A heater 5 is installed in the fuel gas supply line L1 downstream of the second pump 4 so as to heat the LNG which has exchanged heat in the heat exchanger 3, and then to supply the heat exchanged LNG to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • In one embodiment, boil-off gas compressor 6 and a cooler 7 are installed in the boil-off gas liquefaction line L2 upstream of the heat exchanger 3 so as to compress and cool the boil-off gas extracted from the LNG storage tank 1 before the exchange of heat between the boil-off gas and the LNG.
  • In a case where the high-pressure gas injection engine is, for example, an MEGI engine manufactured and sold by MAN B&W Diesel Inc., the pressure of the fuel gas required for the MEGI engine can range from 200 to 300 bar (gauge pressure), preferably 250 bar (gauge pressure). The LNG is compressed to 27 bar (gauge pressure) in the first pump 2, and the temperature of the LNG increases from approximately −163 degrees Celsius to approximately −100 degrees Celsius while passing through the heat exchanger 3, and the LNG in a liquid state is supplied to the second pump 4 and compressed to approximately 250 bar (gauge pressure) in the second pump 4 (as it is in a supercritical state, there is no division between liquid and gas states), then heated in the heater 5, and then supplied to the high-pressure gas injection engine. In this case, as the pressure of the LNG supplied to the heat exchanger 3 is high, the LNG, though its temperature increases by passing through the heat exchanger, is not gasified.
  • On the other hand, in case where the high-pressure gas injection engine is, for example, a gas turbine engine, the pressure of fuel gas required for the gas turbine engine can range from 20 to 40 bar (gauge pressure), preferably 30 bar (gauge pressure). The LNG is compressed to 30 bar (gauge pressure) in the first pump 2, and part of the LNG is gasified while passing through the heat exchanger 3, supplied to the heater 5 and heated in the heater 5, and then supplied to the high-pressure gas injection engine. In this case, the second pump 4 is not necessary.
  • Flow rate control-type pressure control valves 11 are installed in the fuel gas supply line L1 at the front and rear of the first pump 2, in the fuel gas supply line L1 at the front and rear of the second pump 4, and in the boil-off gas liquefaction line L2 at the front and rear of the boil-off gas compressor 6 and the cooler 7, so as to control the pressure of the fluid passing through the lines.
  • Also, flow rate control-type temperature control valves 12 are installed in the fuel gas supply line 11 at the front and rear of the heater 5 so as to control the temperature of the fluid passing though the line.
  • Pressure sensors 13 are connected between the fuel gas supply line L1 at a rear end of the first pump 2, the fuel gas supply line L1 at a rear end of the second pump 4, the boil-off gas liquefaction line L2 at a rear end of the boil-off gas compressor 6 and the cooler 7, and the pressure control valves 11. Also, temperature sensors 15 are connected between the fuel gas supply line L1 at a rear end of the heater 5 and the temperature control valves 12.
  • The flow rate control-type pressure control valves 11 and temperature control valve 12 control the flow rate, thereby controlling the pressure or temperature of the fluid passing through themselves.
  • Also, an expandable pressure control valve 12 a is installed in the middle of the boil-off gas liquefaction line L2 downstream of the heat exchanger 3 so as to control the pressure of the fluid passing through the line L2.
  • The pressure sensor 13 is connected between the pressure control valve 12 a and the boil-off gas liquefaction line L2 at a front end of the pressure control valve 12 a installed in the boil-off gas liquefaction line L2 downstream of the heat exchanger 3.
  • The pressure control valve 12 a installed in the boil-off gas liquefaction line L2 downstream of the heat exchanger 3 expands the passing fluid so as to correspond to the pressure which is obtained by adding the pressure of the LNG storage tank 1 to the pressure due to water head of the LNG in the LNG storage tank 1, thereby controlling the pressure, and the temperature of the LNG decreases by the expansion.
  • In one embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the boil-off liquefaction line L2 may be configured such that it passes through the heat exchanger 3 from an upper portion of the LNG storage tank 1 and is connected between the heat exchanger 3 and the heater 5 in the middle of the fuel gas supply line L1. According to this configuration, boil-off gas is liquefied by heat exchange with the LNG in the heat exchanger 3, compressed in a liquid state, gasified, and then used as fuel gas of the high-pressure gas injection engine. In this case, the pressure control valve 12 a installed in the boil-off gas liquefaction line L2 downstream of the heat exchanger 3 controls the pressure of the passing fluid to correspond to the pressure of the LNG in the fuel gas supply line L1.
  • According to the above-mentioned embodiment, the heat exchanger 3 for exchanging heat between the LNG and the boil-off gas extracted from the LNG storage tank 1 is installed in the middle of the fuel gas supply line L1. However, instead of the heat exchanger 3, a recondenser for directly mixing the LNG and the boil-off gas may be installed. According to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, a recondenser 103 instead of a heat exchanger is installed in the fuel gas supply line L1. The boil-off gas liquefaction line L2 for extracting boil-off gas from an upper portion of the LNG storage tank 1 and returning the extracted boil-off gas to one side of the LNG storage tank 1 passes through the recondenser 103 installed in the middle of the fuel gas supply line L1. The recondenser 103 generates condensed LNG by mixing/liquefying the LNG extracted from a lower portion of the LNG storage tank 1 and the boil-off gas extracted from the upper portion of the LNG storage tank 1. The LNG condensed in the recondenser 103 is supplied to the high-pressure gas injection engine through the fuel gas supply line L1, or returned to the LNG storage tank 1 through the boil-off gas liquefaction line L2.
  • Also, according to the fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier of the present invention, the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank is not compressed in a gas state at a high pressure, and thus is not used as fuel gas of the high-pressure gas injection engine.
  • Additionally, the LNG storage tank used in the fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to embodiments of the present invention may be designed such that it has strength enough to withstand a pressure increase due to the boil-off gas so as to allow the pressure increase due to the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank during the voyage of the LNG carrier.
  • Further, the fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to embodiments of the present invention may include a boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus comprising a cold box and a refrigeration system. A heat exchanger is installed in the middle of the fuel gas supply line for compressing the LNG in the LNG storage tank and supplying the compressed LNG as fuel gas to the high-pressure gas injection engine, and the fuel gas generated in the LNG storage tank exchanges heat with the LNG in the middle of the boil-off gas supply line, and thereby is liquefied. Consequently, the boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus which is additionally installed may be configured to have a small capacity.
  • As apparent from the above, according to the fuel gas supply system and method of an LNG carrier of the present invention, LNG is extracted from an LNG storage tank, compressed at a high pressure, gasified, and supplied to a high-pressure gas injection engine. Consequently, the fuel gas supply system and method have advantages of simplifying the configuration, reducing power requirements, and preventing an excessive pressure increase due to accumulation of boil-off gas in the LNG storage tank, in supplying fuel gas to the high-pressure gas injection engine in an LNG carrier.
  • Though the present invention has been shown and described herein with references to the specified embodiments, it would be understood that various modifications, variations, and corrections may occur to those skilled in the art, and thus the description and drawings herein should be interpreted by way of illustrative purpose without limiting the scope and spirit of the present invention.

Claims (20)

1. A fuel gas supply system of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) carrier for supplying fuel gas to a high-pressure gas injection engine of the LNG carrier, the fuel gas supply system comprising:
an LNG storage tank;
a fuel gas supply line connected from the LNG storage tank to the high-pressure gas injection engine of the LNG carrier;
means for compressing the LNG installed in the fuel gas supply line between the LNG storage tank and the high-pressure gas injection engine; and
means for gasifying the LNG installed downstream of the compressing means in the fuel gas supply line, to gasify the compressed LNG.
2. The fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to claim 1 wherein the compressing means is configured to extract LNG from the LNG storage tank, compress the extracted LNG at a high pressure, and supply the compressed LNG toward the high-pressure gas injection engine.
3. The fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to claim 1 wherein the compressing means comprises one pump.
4. The fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to claim 3 wherein the compressing means further comprises another pump.
5. The fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to claim 3, further comprising:
a heat exchanger installed downstream of the one pump in the fuel gas supply line; and
a boil-off gas liquefaction line connected from an upper portion of the LNG storage tank, passing through the heat exchanger, to one side of the LNG storage tank, the boil-off gas liquefaction line configured to liquefy boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank.
6. The fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to claim 4, further comprising:
a heat exchanger installed between the one pump and the other pump in the fuel gas supply line; and
a boil-off gas liquefaction line passing through the heat exchanger from an upper portion of the LNG storage tank and connected between the heat exchanger and the gasifying means.
7. The fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to claim 3, further comprising:
a recondenser installed downstream of the one pump in the fuel gas supply line; and
a boil-off gas liquefaction line connected from an upper portion of the LNG storage tank, passing through the recondenser, and to the LNG storage tank.
8. The fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to claim 1 wherein the gasifying means is a heater.
9. The fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to claim 1 wherein LNG is extracted from the LNG storage tank and then compressed to approximately 20 to 300 bar gauge pressure.
10. The fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to claim 5 wherein the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank is not compressed in a gaseous state at a high pressure, and thus is not used as fuel gas of the high-pressure gas injection engine.
11. The fuel gas supply system of an LNG carrier according to claim 1 wherein the LNG storage tank is designed to withstand a pressure increase due to the boil-off gas so as to allow a pressure increase due to the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank during the voyage of the LNG carrier.
12. A fuel gas supply method of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) carrier for supplying fuel gas to a high-pressure gas injection engine of the LNG carrier, comprising:
extracting LNG from an LNG storage tank of the LNG carrier;
compressing the extracted LNG to meet the pressure requirements for the high-pressure gas injection engine;
gasifying the compressed LNG; and
supplying the gasified LNG to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
13. The fuel gas supply method of an LNG carrier according to claim 12, further comprising:
extracting a boil-off gas from the LNG storage tank; and
exchanging heat between the LNG and the boil-off gas before supplying the LNG to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
14. The fuel gas supply method of an LNG carrier according to claim 13, further comprising:
liquefying the boil-off gas; and
returning the liquefied boil-off gas to the LNG storage tank.
15. The fuel gas supply method of an LNG carrier according to claim 13, further comprising:
increasing a temperature of the LNG via the exchanging of heat between the LNG and the boil-off gas before supplying the LNG to the high-pressure gas injection engine;
liquefying the boil-off gas; and
supplying the liquefied boil-off gas to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
16. The fuel gas supply method of an LNG carrier according to claim 12, further comprising:
mixing the LNG with the boil-off gas extracted from the LNG storage tank; and
supplying the mixture of the LNG and the boil-off gas to the high-pressure gas injection engine.
17. The fuel gas supply method of an LNG carrier according to claim 12 wherein the LNG is gasified by being heated.
18. The fuel gas supply method of an LNG carrier according to claim 12, further comprising:
allowing a pressure increase due to the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank during the voyage of the LNG carrier.
19. The fuel gas supply method of an LNG carrier according to claim 12 wherein the LNG pressure for the high-pressure gas injection engine ranges from about 20 bar to about 300 bar gauge pressure.
20. The fuel gas supply method according to claim 13 wherein the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank is not compressed in a gaseous state at a high pressure, and thus is not used as fuel gas of the high-pressure gas injection engine.
US12/028,207 2007-05-08 2008-02-08 Fuel gas supply system and method of an lng carrier Abandoned US20080276628A1 (en)

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US12/055,118 US20080276627A1 (en) 2007-05-08 2008-03-25 Fuel gas supply system and method of a ship
US12/332,842 US20090133674A1 (en) 2007-05-08 2008-12-11 Fuel gas supply system and method of an lng carrier
US12/332,733 US7690365B2 (en) 2007-05-08 2008-12-11 Fuel gas supply system and method of an LNG carrier
US13/297,166 US20120060516A1 (en) 2007-05-08 2011-11-15 Fuel gas supply system and method of an lng carrier
US13/297,162 US20120055171A1 (en) 2007-05-08 2011-11-15 Fuel gas supply system and method of an lng carrier

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US12/332,733 Active US7690365B2 (en) 2007-05-08 2008-12-11 Fuel gas supply system and method of an LNG carrier
US13/297,166 Abandoned US20120060516A1 (en) 2007-05-08 2011-11-15 Fuel gas supply system and method of an lng carrier
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US13/297,166 Abandoned US20120060516A1 (en) 2007-05-08 2011-11-15 Fuel gas supply system and method of an lng carrier
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