US20080289215A1 - Shoe Sole Having Upwardly Sloped Front and Rear Sides - Google Patents

Shoe Sole Having Upwardly Sloped Front and Rear Sides Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080289215A1
US20080289215A1 US12/158,256 US15825606A US2008289215A1 US 20080289215 A1 US20080289215 A1 US 20080289215A1 US 15825606 A US15825606 A US 15825606A US 2008289215 A1 US2008289215 A1 US 2008289215A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
sole
outsole
shoe
middle sole
slip
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Abandoned
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US12/158,256
Inventor
Jong Chul Park
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SEGYE Ind Co Ltd
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Assigned to SEGYE INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD reassignment SEGYE INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PARK, JONG CHUL
Publication of US20080289215A1 publication Critical patent/US20080289215A1/en
Assigned to PARK, JONG CHUL reassignment PARK, JONG CHUL ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SEGYE INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/22Soles made slip-preventing or wear-resisting, e.g. by impregnation or spreading a wear-resisting layer
    • A43B13/223Profiled soles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/12Soles with several layers of different materials
    • A43B13/125Soles with several layers of different materials characterised by the midsole or middle layer
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/12Soles with several layers of different materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/143Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form provided with wedged, concave or convex end portions, e.g. for improving roll-off of the foot
    • A43B13/145Convex portions, e.g. with a bump or projection, e.g. 'Masai' type shoes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/143Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form provided with wedged, concave or convex end portions, e.g. for improving roll-off of the foot
    • A43B13/148Wedged end portions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/18Resilient soles
    • A43B13/181Resiliency achieved by the structure of the sole
    • A43B13/184Resiliency achieved by the structure of the sole the structure protruding from the outsole
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/18Resilient soles
    • A43B13/181Resiliency achieved by the structure of the sole
    • A43B13/186Differential cushioning region, e.g. cushioning located under the ball of the foot
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/22Soles made slip-preventing or wear-resisting, e.g. by impregnation or spreading a wear-resisting layer
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/28Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by their attachment, also attachment of combined soles and heels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1415Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
    • A43B7/144Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the heel, i.e. the calcaneus bone
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1415Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
    • A43B7/1445Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the midfoot, i.e. the second, third or fourth metatarsal
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/32Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with shock-absorbing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a shoe sole having upwardly sloped front and rear sides, which is used to manufacture a shoe of which a rigid middle sole is installed at an upper surface of an outsole and a shoe sheath is attached to an upper surface of the middle sole, in which an arch-shaped groove is formed at the center of a lower surface of the outsole.
  • the present invention relates a shoe sole capable of preventing a user putting on the shoe from slipping during going up the stairs due to the operation of a non-slip sole, which is capable of allowing the user for feeling at ease due to operation of cushion materials, and which is capable of firmly attaching a bottom surface of a shoe sheath to the upper surface of the outsole due to operation of projecting attaching parts, by attaching a non-slip sole onto the total bottom surface of the outsole after inserting a cushion materials into the arch-shaped groove formed at the lower surface of the outsole, by allowing the upper surface of the outsole to expose the outside of the upper surface of the middle sole, and by attaching cushion materials to a front and a rear sides of the upper surface of the middle sole.
  • patent KR 10-2004-0108870 relates to a walking shoe having a rear balance walking function, including upwardly slanted front and rear sides, which has double grounding heels projecting from the center of an outsole toward the heel of the shoe.
  • a rigid auxiliary outsole of which a stainless plate is inserted between plastics is mounted to the upper surface of the outsole. Due to this structure, the toe portion and the heel portion are slanted upwards with centering on the double grounding heels. The toe portion and the heel portion can move up and down with taking the double grounding heels as a point of action.
  • the outsole of the walking shoe according to the prior art is made of a soft foam polyurethane and thereby it has a cushion effect.
  • a rigid auxiliary outsole made of a rigid plastic plate is mounted to the upper surface of the outsole.
  • a shoe sheath is attached to the upper surface of the rigid auxiliary outsole.
  • the rigid auxiliary outsole made of a rigid plastic plate may be easily adhered to the upper surface of the outsole made of soft foam polyurethane by means of adhesives.
  • the shoe sheath made of leather, synthetic leather or a fabric paper, etc. may be easily adhered to the upper surface of the outsole made of soft foam polyurethane by means of adhesives.
  • a disadvantage of prior art shoe sole is that the rigid auxiliary outsole made of a rigid plastic plate may be hardly adhered to the shoe sheath made of a leather, a synthetic leather or a fabric paper, etc.
  • the lower surface of the rigid auxiliary outsole made of a rigid plastic plate can be easily attached to the upper surface of the outsole made of soft foam polyurethane by means of adhesives, the upper surface of the rigid auxiliary outsole may be hardly attached to the bottom surface of the shoe sheath during the manufacturing process of the shoe.
  • an additional fabric paper is attached to the upper surface of the rigid auxiliary outsole and thereafter the shoe sheath is mounted thereto.
  • the fabric paper that is attached to the upper surface of the rigid auxiliary outsole comes off there from as time passes.
  • a nerve-racking noise may be generated when a user walks on a street with putting on the shoe. Consequently, it gives an unpleasant feeling to the user.
  • the arch-shaped double grounding heels projecting from the center of the outsole toward the heel of the shoe are integrally formed with the outsole. Accordingly, they are made of soft foam polyurethane, which is the same as that of the outsole.
  • the toe portion of the outsole steps on a flat ground at the stair and the center portion of the lower surface of the outsole contacts with the corner of the stair.
  • the arch-shaped portion of the lower surface of the outsole according to the prior art may be contacted with the corner of the stair. Then, the user may slip and fall on the stairs owing to a slip between the corner of the stair and the arch-shaped portion made of foam polyurethane.
  • Another disadvantage of shoes having such outsole according to the prior art is that the user putting on the shoe may slip and fall on an unpaved road such as a mountain path. That is, if a use putting on the shoe according to the prior art walks on an unpaved road such as a mountain path, he or she may step a piece of stone at the arched-shaped portion of the sole of the foot. Then, the user may slip and fall on the road owing to a slip between the stone and the arch-shaped portion made of foam polyurethane. Furthermore, the user feels a pain while he or she steps a piece of stone at the arched-shaped portion of the sole of the foot.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a shoe sole capable of preventing a user putting on the shoe from slipping during going up the stairs or walking on an unpaved road due to the operation of a non-slip sole, which is capable of allowing the user for feeling at ease due to operation of cushion materials, and which is capable of firmly attaching a bottom surface of a shoe sheath to the upper surface of the outsole due to operation of projecting attaching parts, by attaching a non-slip sole onto the total bottom surface of the outsole after inserting a cushion materials into the arch-shaped groove formed at the lower surface of the outsole, by allowing the upper surface of the outsole to expose the outside of the upper surface of the middle sole, and by attaching cushion materials to a front and a rear sides of the upper surface of the middle sole.
  • the present invention provides a shoe sole, of the type consisting of an arch-shaped groove formed at a center portion of a bottom surface of an outsole, a front side and a rear side of the bottom surface of the outsole being sloped upwardly from the arch-shaped groove, a middle sole made of a rigid material attached to an upper surface of the outsole, characterized in that it comprises a central cushion attached to a lower surface of the arch-shaped groove so that the arch-shaped groove is filled with the central cushion, non-slip sole attaching grooves formed over the total lower surface of the outsole and an exposed surface of the central cushion, and a non-slip sole attached onto the non-slip sole attaching grooves.
  • the shoe sole further comprises a front cushion attached to the front upper surface of the middle sole and a rear cushion attached to the rear upper surface of the middle sole.
  • the shoe sole further comprises a middle sole insertion groove formed over the upper surface of the outsole, in which the middle sole insertion groove has a shape corresponding to that of the middle sole and has a depth corresponding to the thickness of the middle sole, a sheath lower surface attaching part formed at an inner circumferential portion of a projection edge, front and rear projecting attaching parts longitudinally formed at front and rear bottom surfaces in the middle sole insertion groove, front and rear cutaway portions formed through the front and rear bottom surfaces on the middle sole, in which the front and the rear projecting attaching parts pass through the front and the rear cutaway portions upwards while the middle sole is attached to the outsole.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a shoe sole according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shoe sole according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line “A-A” shown in FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line “B-B” shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 the shoe sole having upwardly sloped front and rear sides according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings FIGS. 1 to 4 .
  • the shoe sole having upwardly sloped front and rear sides is provided with an arch-shaped groove 11 formed at a center portion of a bottom surface of the outsole 10 .
  • a front side and a rear side of the bottom surface of the outsole 10 are sloped upwardly from the arch-shaped groove 11 .
  • a middle sole 20 made of a rigid material is attached to an upper surface of the outsole 10 .
  • a shoe sheath 30 is attached onto an upper surface of the middle sole 20 .
  • a central cushion 12 is attached to a lower surface of the arch-shaped groove 11 so that the arch-shaped groove 11 is filled with about a half of the central cushion 12 .
  • the other half of the central cushion 12 may be exposed to the outside of the outsole 10 .
  • Non-slip sole attaching grooves 13 are formed over the total lower surface of the outsole 10 and the exposed surface of the central cushion 12 .
  • a non-slip sole 14 is attached over the exposed bottom surface of the outsole 10 and the exposed surface of the central cushion 12 in cooperation with the non-slip sole attaching grooves 13 .
  • the other half of the central cushion 12 can be bulged out downwards in a manner that it does not hinder a person putting on the shoe from walking.
  • a middle sole insertion groove 15 is formed over the upper surface of the outsole 10 .
  • the middle sole insertion groove 15 has a predetermined shape corresponding to the shape of the middle sole 20 .
  • the middle sole insertion groove 15 has a predetermined depth corresponding to the thickness of the middle sole 20 .
  • a sheath lower surface attaching part 17 is formed at an inner circumferential portion of a projection edge 16 .
  • Front and rear projecting attaching parts 18 , 19 are longitudinally formed at front and rear bottom surfaces in the middle sole insertion groove 15 . Front and rear projecting attaching parts 18 , 19 project from the upper surface of the middle sole 20 in the middle sole insertion groove 15 at a height, which is the same as that of the sheath lower surface attaching part 17 .
  • front and rear projecting attaching parts 18 , 19 project upwards at front and rear sides of the middle sole insertion groove 15 and they are spaced apart from the sheath lower surface attaching part 17 .
  • front and rear projecting attaching parts 18 , 19 have function to increase a contact area between the shoe sheath 30 and the middle sole 20 .
  • the middle sole 20 may be injection molded from a suitable rigid plastic material.
  • the bottom surface of the middle sole 20 is attached onto the upper surface of the outsole 10 of which the central portion is relatively lower than the front and the rear sides. Since the front and the rear sides of the outsole 10 are slanted upwards, the outsole 10 has an arch shape in total.
  • the middle sole 20 prevents the front and the rear sides of the outsole 10 from stretching downwards due to the weight of the user.
  • a front cutaway portion 21 is formed through a front side of the middle sole 20 and a rear cutaway portion 22 is formed through a rear side of the middle sole 20 .
  • the middle sole 20 is attached to the outsole, the front and the rear projecting attaching parts 18 , 19 pass through the front and the rear cutaway portions 21 , 22 upwards.
  • a front cushion 23 is attached to the upper surface of the middle sole 20 between the front projecting attaching parts 18 .
  • a second cushion 24 is attached to the upper surface of the middle sole 20 between the rear projecting attaching parts 19 .
  • the lower surface of the middle sole 20 is adhered to the upper surface of the outsole 10 by means of adhesives.
  • the upper surface of the middle sole 20 is adhered to a part of a lower surface of the shoe sheath 30 by means of adhesives.
  • the other part of the lower surface of the shoe sheath 30 is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the projecting edge 16 , the sheath lower surface attaching part 17 , front and rear projecting attaching parts 18 , 19 and front and rear cushions 23 , 24 .
  • the upper surface of the middle sole 20 may be attached to the bottom surface of the shoe sheath 30 by means of adhesives. Since the upper surface of the middle sole 20 is made of a rigid plastic plate and the bottom of the shoe sheath 30 is made of leather, synthetic leather or a fabric paper, etc., the adhesive force between the middle sole 20 and the shoe sheath 30 is not good.
  • An inner sole is installed at an inside of the shoe sheath 30 and is indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral “ 31 ”.
  • This inner sole 31 is prepared by enclosing a stiff paper wick with a fabric paper.
  • a certain material which is the same as that of the shoe sheath 30 , can be used to form the inner sole 31 in a manner that it encloses the total bottom surface of the shoe sheath 30 .
  • the central cushion 12 having a good cushion effect is adhered to the lower surface of the arch-shaped groove 11 formed at the central lower surface of the outsole 10 by means of adhesives.
  • the non-slip sole 14 is adhered to over the non-slip attaching groove 13 , which is formed at the total surface of the front and the rear sides in the lower surface of the outsole 10 , and to over the lower surface of the central cushion 12 .
  • non-slip sole 14 is typically made of a raw rubber and has a plurality of nonskid tread grooves formed at its bottom surface, it is possible to prevent the shoe from slipping without damaging the shoe at the change of season.
  • the middle sole 20 is inserted into the middle sole insertion groove 15 formed at the upper surface of the outsole 10 .
  • the middle sole 20 When the middle sole 20 is inserted and attached into the middle sole insertion groove 15 of the upper surface of the outsole 10 , the upper surface of the sheath lower surface attaching part 17 is positioned at a level, which is the same as those of the upper surface of the middle sole 20 and the upper surface of the front and the rear projecting attaching parts 18 , 19 . Because the size of the middle sole 20 is smaller than that of the outsole 10 , the middle sole insertion groove 15 is formed at a depth that is corresponding to the thickness of the middle sole 20 . At this time, the height of the front and the rear projecting attaching parts 18 , 19 is the same as that of the sheath lower surface attaching part 17 .
  • a circumferential edge of a lower surface of the shoe sheath 30 is attached to the inner surface of the projecting edge 16 and the sheath lower surface attaching part 17 formed at the lower circumferential edge of the projecting edge 16 .
  • the other part of circumferential edge of a lower surface of the shoe sheath 30 is attached to the upper surface of the upper surfaces of the front and the rear projecting attaching parts 18 , 19 , which are exposed to the upper surfaces of the front and the rear cutaway portions 21 , 22 of the middle sole 20 .
  • the shoe sheath 30 made of a leather, a synthetic leather or a fabric paper, etc. is attached to the outsole 10 made of a soft foam polyurethane having a cushion effect by means of adhesives, the front and the rear projecting attaching parts 18 , 19 exposed to the upper surfaces of the middle sole 20 are firmly adhered to the bottom surface of the shoe sheath 30 .
  • the portions on which the front and the rear cushions 23 , 24 are attached are adhered to the lower surface of the inner sole 31 that is attached to the inner surface of the shoe sheath 30 .
  • the shoe sheath 30 has a predetermined thickness and the front and the rear cushions 23 , 24 are made of certain materials having a good cushion effect such as a thin sponge having a thickness of 3 to 5 mm, EVA, etc.
  • the front and the rear cushions 23 , 24 are compressed and adhered together with the vicinity thereof.
  • the shoe sheath 30 is attached to the upper surface of the outsole 10 on which the middle sole 20 is attached.
  • the front and the rear cushions 23 , 24 are attached to the upper surface of the middle sole 20 .
  • a fabric paper is attached to the upper surface of the middle sole 20 so as to make the middle sole 20 made of a plastic material adhere to the bottom surface of the shoe sheath 30 .
  • the shoe sole is made of a relatively soft material and the central portion of the lower surface of the shoe sole is bulged out downwards. Furthermore, the front and the rear sides of the shoe sole are slanted upwards and the flat and rigid middle sole 20 is installed on the upper surface of the shoe sole. If a user walks on a street with putting on the shoe on which the shoe sole is installed, the front and the rear sides of the shoe are spaced from the ground upwards and only the central portion is contacted with the ground.
  • the front and the rear sides of the shoe have a tendency to droop downwards
  • the toe and the heel have a tendency to get bent downwards because the rigid middle sole 20 supports the weight of the user.
  • the central portion has a tendency to get bent upwards and an oppressive feeling is transmitted to the total sole of the foot, and thereby the user can feel the finger-pressure effect.
  • the user puts on the shoe for a long time he or she has a pain.
  • the present invention it is possible to attenuate the oppressive feeling and to alleviate the pain applied to the sole of the foot due to operation of the central cushion 12 installed at the lower surface of the outsole 10 and the front and the rear cushions 23 , 24 installed at the front and the rear sides of the upper surface of the middle sole 20 .
  • the non-slip sole 14 for preventing the shoe from slipping is installed at the total surface of the lower surface of the sole according to the present invention. Accordingly, when a user walks on a street with putting on the shoe, he or she does not slip although stepping on a certain object.
  • the central lower portion of the sole of the foot contacts with a corner portion of the stair.
  • a plurality of shoes according to the prior art are not provided with non-slip means at the central lower portion of the sole of the foot. Accordingly, if a person goes upstairs with putting on the shoe according to the prior art, he or she may slip on the stairs. Since the shoe according to the present invention is provided with the non-slip sole 14 at the total surface of the sole of the foot, it is possible to prevent the user from slipping on the stairs.
  • a person walks on an unpaved road such as a mountain path, he or she may step a piece of stone at a certain part of the sole of the foot. Since the shoe according to the present invention is provided with the non-slip sole 14 at the total surface of the sole of the foot, it is possible to prevent the user from slipping on the unpaved road.
  • the shoe sole a part of the central cushion is bulged out downwards and the front and the rear sides of the outsole are upwardly slanted. If the shoe is hanging in the air, then the gravity is applied to the toe and the heel of the shoe due to this structure. At this time, the center of gravity of a person putting on the shoe is leaning to the rear side and thereby it is possible to activate the muscle relative to walking due to the rear balance.
  • the shoe sole according to the present invention is capable of preventing a user putting on the shoe from slipping during going up the stairs due to the operation of a non-slip sole, which is capable of allowing the user for feeling at ease due to operation of cushion materials, and which is capable of firmly attaching a bottom surface of a shoe sheath to the upper surface of the outsole due to operation of projecting attaching parts, by attaching a non-slip sole onto the total bottom surface of the outsole after inserting a cushion materials into the arch-shaped groove formed at the lower surface of the outsole, by allowing the upper surface of the outsole to expose the outside of the upper surface of the middle sole, and by attaching cushion materials to a front and a rear sides of the upper surface of the middle sole.

Abstract

Disclosed is a shoe sole having upwardly sloped front and rear sides, which is used to manufacture a shoe of which a rigid middle sole is installed at an upper surface of an outsole and a shoe sheath is attached to an upper surface of the middle sole, in which an arch-shaped groove is formed at the center of a lower surface of the outsole. A central cushion is attached to a lower surface of the arch-shaped groove so that the arch-shaped groove is filled with the central cushion. Non-slip sole attaching grooves are formed over the total lower surface of the outsole and an exposed surface of the central cushion. A non-slip sole is attached onto the non-slip sole attaching grooves.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The present invention relates to a shoe sole having upwardly sloped front and rear sides, which is used to manufacture a shoe of which a rigid middle sole is installed at an upper surface of an outsole and a shoe sheath is attached to an upper surface of the middle sole, in which an arch-shaped groove is formed at the center of a lower surface of the outsole. More particularly, the present invention relates a shoe sole capable of preventing a user putting on the shoe from slipping during going up the stairs due to the operation of a non-slip sole, which is capable of allowing the user for feeling at ease due to operation of cushion materials, and which is capable of firmly attaching a bottom surface of a shoe sheath to the upper surface of the outsole due to operation of projecting attaching parts, by attaching a non-slip sole onto the total bottom surface of the outsole after inserting a cushion materials into the arch-shaped groove formed at the lower surface of the outsole, by allowing the upper surface of the outsole to expose the outside of the upper surface of the middle sole, and by attaching cushion materials to a front and a rear sides of the upper surface of the middle sole.
  • BACKGROUND ART
  • This is the case of patent KR 10-2004-0108870 for example, which relates to a walking shoe having a rear balance walking function, including upwardly slanted front and rear sides, which has double grounding heels projecting from the center of an outsole toward the heel of the shoe. A rigid auxiliary outsole of which a stainless plate is inserted between plastics is mounted to the upper surface of the outsole. Due to this structure, the toe portion and the heel portion are slanted upwards with centering on the double grounding heels. The toe portion and the heel portion can move up and down with taking the double grounding heels as a point of action.
  • The outsole of the walking shoe according to the prior art is made of a soft foam polyurethane and thereby it has a cushion effect. A rigid auxiliary outsole made of a rigid plastic plate is mounted to the upper surface of the outsole. A shoe sheath is attached to the upper surface of the rigid auxiliary outsole.
  • Generally, the rigid auxiliary outsole made of a rigid plastic plate may be easily adhered to the upper surface of the outsole made of soft foam polyurethane by means of adhesives. Likewise, the shoe sheath made of leather, synthetic leather or a fabric paper, etc., may be easily adhered to the upper surface of the outsole made of soft foam polyurethane by means of adhesives. A disadvantage of prior art shoe sole is that the rigid auxiliary outsole made of a rigid plastic plate may be hardly adhered to the shoe sheath made of a leather, a synthetic leather or a fabric paper, etc.
  • Although, the lower surface of the rigid auxiliary outsole made of a rigid plastic plate can be easily attached to the upper surface of the outsole made of soft foam polyurethane by means of adhesives, the upper surface of the rigid auxiliary outsole may be hardly attached to the bottom surface of the shoe sheath during the manufacturing process of the shoe.
  • In order to enhance the adhesive force between the bottom surface of the shoe sheath and the upper surface of the rigid auxiliary outsole, an additional fabric paper is attached to the upper surface of the rigid auxiliary outsole and thereafter the shoe sheath is mounted thereto. However, the fabric paper that is attached to the upper surface of the rigid auxiliary outsole comes off there from as time passes. As a result, a nerve-racking noise may be generated when a user walks on a street with putting on the shoe. Consequently, it gives an unpleasant feeling to the user.
  • Meanwhile, in the outsole of the walking shoe according to the prior art, the arch-shaped double grounding heels projecting from the center of the outsole toward the heel of the shoe are integrally formed with the outsole. Accordingly, they are made of soft foam polyurethane, which is the same as that of the outsole.
  • If a user goes upstairs with putting on the shoe, the toe portion of the outsole steps on a flat ground at the stair and the center portion of the lower surface of the outsole contacts with the corner of the stair.
  • In this situation, the arch-shaped portion of the lower surface of the outsole according to the prior art may be contacted with the corner of the stair. Then, the user may slip and fall on the stairs owing to a slip between the corner of the stair and the arch-shaped portion made of foam polyurethane.
  • Another disadvantage of shoes having such outsole according to the prior art is that the user putting on the shoe may slip and fall on an unpaved road such as a mountain path. That is, if a use putting on the shoe according to the prior art walks on an unpaved road such as a mountain path, he or she may step a piece of stone at the arched-shaped portion of the sole of the foot. Then, the user may slip and fall on the road owing to a slip between the stone and the arch-shaped portion made of foam polyurethane. Furthermore, the user feels a pain while he or she steps a piece of stone at the arched-shaped portion of the sole of the foot.
  • DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION Technical Problem
  • Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a shoe sole capable of preventing a user putting on the shoe from slipping during going up the stairs or walking on an unpaved road due to the operation of a non-slip sole, which is capable of allowing the user for feeling at ease due to operation of cushion materials, and which is capable of firmly attaching a bottom surface of a shoe sheath to the upper surface of the outsole due to operation of projecting attaching parts, by attaching a non-slip sole onto the total bottom surface of the outsole after inserting a cushion materials into the arch-shaped groove formed at the lower surface of the outsole, by allowing the upper surface of the outsole to expose the outside of the upper surface of the middle sole, and by attaching cushion materials to a front and a rear sides of the upper surface of the middle sole.
  • Technical Solution
  • To accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a shoe sole, of the type consisting of an arch-shaped groove formed at a center portion of a bottom surface of an outsole, a front side and a rear side of the bottom surface of the outsole being sloped upwardly from the arch-shaped groove, a middle sole made of a rigid material attached to an upper surface of the outsole, characterized in that it comprises a central cushion attached to a lower surface of the arch-shaped groove so that the arch-shaped groove is filled with the central cushion, non-slip sole attaching grooves formed over the total lower surface of the outsole and an exposed surface of the central cushion, and a non-slip sole attached onto the non-slip sole attaching grooves. The shoe sole further comprises a front cushion attached to the front upper surface of the middle sole and a rear cushion attached to the rear upper surface of the middle sole. The shoe sole further comprises a middle sole insertion groove formed over the upper surface of the outsole, in which the middle sole insertion groove has a shape corresponding to that of the middle sole and has a depth corresponding to the thickness of the middle sole, a sheath lower surface attaching part formed at an inner circumferential portion of a projection edge, front and rear projecting attaching parts longitudinally formed at front and rear bottom surfaces in the middle sole insertion groove, front and rear cutaway portions formed through the front and rear bottom surfaces on the middle sole, in which the front and the rear projecting attaching parts pass through the front and the rear cutaway portions upwards while the middle sole is attached to the outsole.
  • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a shoe sole according to the present invention;
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shoe sole according to the present invention;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line “A-A” shown in FIG. 2; and
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line “B-B” shown in FIG. 2.
  • BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • Hereinafter, the shoe sole having upwardly sloped front and rear sides according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • As best seen in FIG. 3, the shoe sole having upwardly sloped front and rear sides according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is provided with an arch-shaped groove 11 formed at a center portion of a bottom surface of the outsole 10. A front side and a rear side of the bottom surface of the outsole 10 are sloped upwardly from the arch-shaped groove 11. A middle sole 20 made of a rigid material is attached to an upper surface of the outsole 10. A shoe sheath 30 is attached onto an upper surface of the middle sole 20.
  • A central cushion 12 is attached to a lower surface of the arch-shaped groove 11 so that the arch-shaped groove 11 is filled with about a half of the central cushion 12. The other half of the central cushion 12 may be exposed to the outside of the outsole 10. Non-slip sole attaching grooves 13 are formed over the total lower surface of the outsole 10 and the exposed surface of the central cushion 12. A non-slip sole 14 is attached over the exposed bottom surface of the outsole 10 and the exposed surface of the central cushion 12 in cooperation with the non-slip sole attaching grooves 13.
  • Preferably, the central cushion 12 is formed at a level, which is the same as that of an assumed line (=a single-dotted line) projecting from one distal end to the other distal end of the arch-shaped groove 11, for “a” section as shown in FIG. 3. Alternatively, the other half of the central cushion 12 can be bulged out downwards in a manner that it does not hinder a person putting on the shoe from walking.
  • As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a middle sole insertion groove 15 is formed over the upper surface of the outsole 10. The middle sole insertion groove 15 has a predetermined shape corresponding to the shape of the middle sole 20. Also, the middle sole insertion groove 15 has a predetermined depth corresponding to the thickness of the middle sole 20. A sheath lower surface attaching part 17 is formed at an inner circumferential portion of a projection edge 16. Front and rear projecting attaching parts 18, 19 are longitudinally formed at front and rear bottom surfaces in the middle sole insertion groove 15. Front and rear projecting attaching parts 18, 19 project from the upper surface of the middle sole 20 in the middle sole insertion groove 15 at a height, which is the same as that of the sheath lower surface attaching part 17.
  • As shown in FIG. 2, front and rear projecting attaching parts 18, 19 project upwards at front and rear sides of the middle sole insertion groove 15 and they are spaced apart from the sheath lower surface attaching part 17. When the shoe sheath 30 is attached onto the middle sole 20, front and rear projecting attaching parts 18, 19 have function to increase a contact area between the shoe sheath 30 and the middle sole 20.
  • The middle sole 20 may be injection molded from a suitable rigid plastic material. The bottom surface of the middle sole 20 is attached onto the upper surface of the outsole 10 of which the central portion is relatively lower than the front and the rear sides. Since the front and the rear sides of the outsole 10 are slanted upwards, the outsole 10 has an arch shape in total. When a user puts on a shoe having the outsole 10 made of soft foam polyurethane, the middle sole 20 prevents the front and the rear sides of the outsole 10 from stretching downwards due to the weight of the user.
  • In the meantime, a front cutaway portion 21 is formed through a front side of the middle sole 20 and a rear cutaway portion 22 is formed through a rear side of the middle sole 20. When the middle sole 20 is attached to the outsole, the front and the rear projecting attaching parts 18, 19 pass through the front and the rear cutaway portions 21, 22 upwards. A front cushion 23 is attached to the upper surface of the middle sole 20 between the front projecting attaching parts 18. Likewise, a second cushion 24 is attached to the upper surface of the middle sole 20 between the rear projecting attaching parts 19.
  • As shown in FIG. 4, the lower surface of the middle sole 20 is adhered to the upper surface of the outsole 10 by means of adhesives. The upper surface of the middle sole 20 is adhered to a part of a lower surface of the shoe sheath 30 by means of adhesives. The other part of the lower surface of the shoe sheath 30 is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the projecting edge 16, the sheath lower surface attaching part 17, front and rear projecting attaching parts 18, 19 and front and rear cushions 23, 24.
  • At this time, except for the adhesive surfaces as described above, the upper surface of the middle sole 20 may be attached to the bottom surface of the shoe sheath 30 by means of adhesives. Since the upper surface of the middle sole 20 is made of a rigid plastic plate and the bottom of the shoe sheath 30 is made of leather, synthetic leather or a fabric paper, etc., the adhesive force between the middle sole 20 and the shoe sheath 30 is not good.
  • An inner sole is installed at an inside of the shoe sheath 30 and is indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral “31”. This inner sole 31 is prepared by enclosing a stiff paper wick with a fabric paper. Alternatively, a certain material, which is the same as that of the shoe sheath 30, can be used to form the inner sole 31 in a manner that it encloses the total bottom surface of the shoe sheath 30.
  • MODE FOR THE INVENTION
  • Having described shoe sole according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, the operational relationship of the shoe sole can be understood as follows with reference to accompanying drawings FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • In order to manufacture the shoe sole according to the present invention, the central cushion 12 having a good cushion effect is adhered to the lower surface of the arch-shaped groove 11 formed at the central lower surface of the outsole 10 by means of adhesives. Then, the non-slip sole 14 is adhered to over the non-slip attaching groove 13, which is formed at the total surface of the front and the rear sides in the lower surface of the outsole 10, and to over the lower surface of the central cushion 12.
  • Since the non-slip sole 14 is typically made of a raw rubber and has a plurality of nonskid tread grooves formed at its bottom surface, it is possible to prevent the shoe from slipping without damaging the shoe at the change of season.
  • After attaching the non-slip sole 14 to the total lower surface of the outsole 10, the middle sole 20 is inserted into the middle sole insertion groove 15 formed at the upper surface of the outsole 10.
  • At this time, the front and the rear projecting attaching parts 18, 19 protruding from the middle sole insertion groove 15 upwardly pass through the front and the rear cutaway portions 21, 22 of the middle sole 20.
  • When the middle sole 20 is inserted and attached into the middle sole insertion groove 15 of the upper surface of the outsole 10, the upper surface of the sheath lower surface attaching part 17 is positioned at a level, which is the same as those of the upper surface of the middle sole 20 and the upper surface of the front and the rear projecting attaching parts 18, 19. Because the size of the middle sole 20 is smaller than that of the outsole 10, the middle sole insertion groove 15 is formed at a depth that is corresponding to the thickness of the middle sole 20. At this time, the height of the front and the rear projecting attaching parts 18, 19 is the same as that of the sheath lower surface attaching part 17.
  • Under this state, if the bottom surface of the shoe sheath 30 is attached to the upper surface of the outsole 10 on which the middle sole 20 is adhered, a circumferential edge of a lower surface of the shoe sheath 30 is attached to the inner surface of the projecting edge 16 and the sheath lower surface attaching part 17 formed at the lower circumferential edge of the projecting edge 16. In addition, the other part of circumferential edge of a lower surface of the shoe sheath 30 is attached to the upper surface of the upper surfaces of the front and the rear projecting attaching parts 18, 19, which are exposed to the upper surfaces of the front and the rear cutaway portions 21, 22 of the middle sole 20.
  • Since the shoe sheath 30 made of a leather, a synthetic leather or a fabric paper, etc., is attached to the outsole 10 made of a soft foam polyurethane having a cushion effect by means of adhesives, the front and the rear projecting attaching parts 18, 19 exposed to the upper surfaces of the middle sole 20 are firmly adhered to the bottom surface of the shoe sheath 30.
  • When the bottom surface of the shoe sheath 30 is attached to the upper surface of the outsole 10 on which the middle sole 20 is attached, a shoe manufacturer may worry about that the front and the rear cushions adhered to the upper surface of the middle sole 20 between the front and the rear projecting attaching parts 18, 19 are partially attached to the upper surface of the middle sole 20 and the bottom surface of the shoe sheath 30, that is the inner sole 31 attached to the inner lower surface of the shoe sheath 30.
  • However, the portions on which the front and the rear cushions 23, 24 are attached are adhered to the lower surface of the inner sole 31 that is attached to the inner surface of the shoe sheath 30. Since the shoe sheath 30 has a predetermined thickness and the front and the rear cushions 23, 24 are made of certain materials having a good cushion effect such as a thin sponge having a thickness of 3 to 5 mm, EVA, etc., the front and the rear cushions 23, 24 are compressed and adhered together with the vicinity thereof. At this time, the shoe sheath 30 is attached to the upper surface of the outsole 10 on which the middle sole 20 is attached. The front and the rear cushions 23, 24 are attached to the upper surface of the middle sole 20.
  • As described above, when the bottom surface of the shoe sheath 30 is attached to the upper surface of the middle sole 20, a fabric paper is attached to the upper surface of the middle sole 20 so as to make the middle sole 20 made of a plastic material adhere to the bottom surface of the shoe sheath 30.
  • According to the present invention, the shoe sole is made of a relatively soft material and the central portion of the lower surface of the shoe sole is bulged out downwards. Furthermore, the front and the rear sides of the shoe sole are slanted upwards and the flat and rigid middle sole 20 is installed on the upper surface of the shoe sole. If a user walks on a street with putting on the shoe on which the shoe sole is installed, the front and the rear sides of the shoe are spaced from the ground upwards and only the central portion is contacted with the ground.
  • At this time, the front and the rear sides of the shoe have a tendency to droop downwards, the toe and the heel have a tendency to get bent downwards because the rigid middle sole 20 supports the weight of the user. And the central portion has a tendency to get bent upwards and an oppressive feeling is transmitted to the total sole of the foot, and thereby the user can feel the finger-pressure effect. However, if the user puts on the shoe for a long time, he or she has a pain.
  • According to the present invention, it is possible to attenuate the oppressive feeling and to alleviate the pain applied to the sole of the foot due to operation of the central cushion 12 installed at the lower surface of the outsole 10 and the front and the rear cushions 23, 24 installed at the front and the rear sides of the upper surface of the middle sole 20.
  • The non-slip sole 14 for preventing the shoe from slipping is installed at the total surface of the lower surface of the sole according to the present invention. Accordingly, when a user walks on a street with putting on the shoe, he or she does not slip although stepping on a certain object.
  • If a person goes upstairs with putting on a shoe, the central lower portion of the sole of the foot contacts with a corner portion of the stair. A plurality of shoes according to the prior art are not provided with non-slip means at the central lower portion of the sole of the foot. Accordingly, if a person goes upstairs with putting on the shoe according to the prior art, he or she may slip on the stairs. Since the shoe according to the present invention is provided with the non-slip sole 14 at the total surface of the sole of the foot, it is possible to prevent the user from slipping on the stairs.
  • If a person walks on an unpaved road such as a mountain path, he or she may step a piece of stone at a certain part of the sole of the foot. Since the shoe according to the present invention is provided with the non-slip sole 14 at the total surface of the sole of the foot, it is possible to prevent the user from slipping on the unpaved road.
  • Meanwhile, in the shoe sole according to the present invention, a part of the central cushion is bulged out downwards and the front and the rear sides of the outsole are upwardly slanted. If the shoe is hanging in the air, then the gravity is applied to the toe and the heel of the shoe due to this structure. At this time, the center of gravity of a person putting on the shoe is leaning to the rear side and thereby it is possible to activate the muscle relative to walking due to the rear balance.
  • INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
  • As described above, the shoe sole according to the present invention is capable of preventing a user putting on the shoe from slipping during going up the stairs due to the operation of a non-slip sole, which is capable of allowing the user for feeling at ease due to operation of cushion materials, and which is capable of firmly attaching a bottom surface of a shoe sheath to the upper surface of the outsole due to operation of projecting attaching parts, by attaching a non-slip sole onto the total bottom surface of the outsole after inserting a cushion materials into the arch-shaped groove formed at the lower surface of the outsole, by allowing the upper surface of the outsole to expose the outside of the upper surface of the middle sole, and by attaching cushion materials to a front and a rear sides of the upper surface of the middle sole.

Claims (9)

1-3. (canceled)
4. A shoe sole, comprising:
an outsole having a groove formed in a bottom surface of the outsole, a front portion and a rear portion of the bottom surface of the outsole being sloped upwardly from the groove;
a middle sole made of a rigid material mounted to a top surface of the outsole;
a central cushion disposed into the groove, the central cushion being configured to fill the groove;
non-slip sole attaching grooves formed over the bottom surface of the outsole and an exposed surface of the central cushion; and
a non-slip sole mounted to the non-slip sole attaching grooves.
5. The shoe sole of claim 4, including:
a front cushion mounted to a front portion of a top surface of the middle sole; and
a rear cushion mounted to a rear portion of the top surface of the middle sole.
6. The shoe sole of claim 4, wherein the outsole includes a middle sole insertion recess formed over the top surface of the outsole.
7. The shoe sole of claim 6, wherein the middle sole insertion recess has a shape corresponding to that of the middle sole and has a depth corresponding to a thickness of the middle sole.
8. The shoe sole of claim 4, wherein the outsole includes:
a projection edge formed around a perimeter of the outsole; and
a sheath attachment surface formed along an inner surface of the projection edge.
9. The shoe sole of claim 7, wherein the outsole includes front and rear projections formed longitudinally over the top surface of the outsole within the middle sole insertion recess.
10. The shoe sole of claim 9, wherein the middle sole includes front and rear cutaway portions formed in the middle sole, and wherein the front and the rear projections of the outsole penetrate into the front and the rear cutaway portions of the middle sole when the middle sole is attached to the outsole.
11. The shoe sole of claim 4, wherein the groove is arch-shaped and is formed at a center region of the outsole.
US12/158,256 2005-12-28 2006-12-05 Shoe Sole Having Upwardly Sloped Front and Rear Sides Abandoned US20080289215A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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KR1020050131893A KR100575875B1 (en) 2005-12-28 2005-12-28 Sole with upward slope in the front and rear
KR10-2005-0131893 2005-12-28
PCT/KR2006/005200 WO2007074978A1 (en) 2005-12-28 2006-12-05 Shoe sole having upwardly sloped front and rear sides

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JP (1) JP4745401B2 (en)
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US20110030243A1 (en) * 2009-08-10 2011-02-10 Vicla S.A. Conductive, resistive and anti-triboelectric footwear
US20110078923A1 (en) * 2008-03-29 2011-04-07 Masai Marketing & Trading Ag Walking device
US20150082668A1 (en) * 2012-05-10 2015-03-26 Asics Corporation Shoe Sole Having Outsole and Midsole
US9289028B1 (en) * 2009-12-12 2016-03-22 William T. Anderson Multi-density, cushioned impact dissipating footwear sole
US20160302519A1 (en) * 2015-04-17 2016-10-20 Adidas Ag Article of Footwear Having a Midsole and Methods of Making the Same
US20190069627A1 (en) * 2010-06-17 2019-03-07 Dashamerica, Inc. D/B/A Pearl Izumi Usa, Inc. Dual rigidity shoe sole
US20190223553A1 (en) * 2018-01-22 2019-07-25 Adidas Ag Article of footwear with ribbed outsole and notched midsole
US20200170338A1 (en) * 2018-11-30 2020-06-04 Footwear Unlimited Inc. Three layer shoe construction with improved cushioning, flexibility, and shock absorption
US11122857B2 (en) * 2019-06-12 2021-09-21 Wolverine Outdoors, Inc. Footwear cushioning sole assembly
US11583029B2 (en) * 2018-01-22 2023-02-21 Adidas Ag Article of footwear with ribbed outsole and notched midsole
US11633009B2 (en) * 2019-02-06 2023-04-25 Fuerst Group, Inc. Footwear article for walking
US11633008B2 (en) 2021-07-27 2023-04-25 Shimano Inc. Shoe

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CN102972917A (en) * 2011-02-25 2013-03-20 黎田建 Shoe comprising comfortable insole
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US20110078923A1 (en) * 2008-03-29 2011-04-07 Masai Marketing & Trading Ag Walking device
US20110030243A1 (en) * 2009-08-10 2011-02-10 Vicla S.A. Conductive, resistive and anti-triboelectric footwear
US9289028B1 (en) * 2009-12-12 2016-03-22 William T. Anderson Multi-density, cushioned impact dissipating footwear sole
US11272756B2 (en) * 2010-06-17 2022-03-15 Dashamerica, Inc. Dual rigidity shoe sole
US20190069627A1 (en) * 2010-06-17 2019-03-07 Dashamerica, Inc. D/B/A Pearl Izumi Usa, Inc. Dual rigidity shoe sole
US20150082668A1 (en) * 2012-05-10 2015-03-26 Asics Corporation Shoe Sole Having Outsole and Midsole
US9775402B2 (en) * 2012-05-10 2017-10-03 Asics Corporation Shoe sole having outsole and midsole
US20160302519A1 (en) * 2015-04-17 2016-10-20 Adidas Ag Article of Footwear Having a Midsole and Methods of Making the Same
US11583029B2 (en) * 2018-01-22 2023-02-21 Adidas Ag Article of footwear with ribbed outsole and notched midsole
US10986896B2 (en) * 2018-01-22 2021-04-27 Adidas Ag Article of footwear with ribbed outsole and notched midsole
US20190223553A1 (en) * 2018-01-22 2019-07-25 Adidas Ag Article of footwear with ribbed outsole and notched midsole
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US11633009B2 (en) * 2019-02-06 2023-04-25 Fuerst Group, Inc. Footwear article for walking
US11122857B2 (en) * 2019-06-12 2021-09-21 Wolverine Outdoors, Inc. Footwear cushioning sole assembly
US11633008B2 (en) 2021-07-27 2023-04-25 Shimano Inc. Shoe

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WO2007074978A1 (en) 2007-07-05
EP1965674A4 (en) 2009-04-22
JP2009519741A (en) 2009-05-21
KR100575875B1 (en) 2006-05-02
CA2632955A1 (en) 2007-07-05
JP4745401B2 (en) 2011-08-10
KR20060005315A (en) 2006-01-17
EP1965674A1 (en) 2008-09-10

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