US20090000479A1 - Apparatus and method for delivering a fluid to a diesel particulate filter - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for delivering a fluid to a diesel particulate filter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090000479A1 US20090000479A1 US12/135,317 US13531708A US2009000479A1 US 20090000479 A1 US20090000479 A1 US 20090000479A1 US 13531708 A US13531708 A US 13531708A US 2009000479 A1 US2009000479 A1 US 2009000479A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cell
- pressurized fluid
- delivery tube
- particulate matter
- fluid delivery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0084—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours provided with safety means
- B01D46/0086—Filter condition indicators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
- B01D46/446—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration by pressure measuring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
- B01D46/46—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration automatic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/68—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by means acting on the cake side involving movement with regard to the filter elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
- B01D46/71—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
- B01D46/72—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with backwash arms, shoes or nozzles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
- B01D2279/30—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for treatment of exhaust gases from IC Engines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to apparatus and methods for delivering fluids to diesel particulate filters.
- a diesel particulate filter may remove combustible (carbonaceous) and incombustible particulate matter (PM) from an exhaust gas stream of an engine.
- Combustible particulate is a complex blend of solid carbon and organic compounds, and may result from the incomplete combustion of diesel fuel in a cylinder of the engine.
- Incombustible particulate is generated from additives in lubrication oil or fuel for the engine, and material eroded from the engine surfaces.
- the combustible PM may fully combust during filter regeneration and thus exit the filter as gaseous CO 2 and H 2 O.
- the incombustible particulate cannot be converted to gaseous components and may be trapped in the filter as various oxides or other compounds (collectively called “ash”).
- a DPF may require periodic cleaning to remove ash structures formed in channels of the DPF.
- a pressurized fluid may be applied to outer surfaces of the DPF to clean it.
- the ash structures may be strong enough to resist removal by such application of pressurized fluid.
- Each channel of the DPF may be probed with a solid rod to dislodge the ash structures from the channels. Such probing, however, may not remove the ash being broken apart and may, instead, pack the ash making it more difficult to remove.
- An apparatus for delivering pressurized fluid from a pressurized fluid source to a cell of a wall-flow particulate filter may include a fluid delivery tube configured to be inserted into the cell and to deliver the pressurized fluid to the cell to dislodge particulate matter within the cell.
- the apparatus may also include a connector body for fluidly connecting the fluid delivery tube with the pressurized fluid source.
- An apparatus for cleaning a diesel particulate filter having a plurality of cells with a pressurized fluid may include a conduit configured to be received by at least one of the plurality of cells.
- the conduit may include a surface defining an opening to deliver the pressurized fluid to the at least one of the plurality of cells to remove particulate matter within the at least one of the plurality of cells.
- a method for delivering pressurized fluid from a pressurized fluid source to a cell of a wall-flow particulate filter may include inserting a fluid delivery tube into the cell, delivering the pressurized fluid from the pressurized fluid source to the cell via the fluid delivery tube to dislodge particulate matter within the cell and removing the fluid delivery tube from the cell.
- FIG. 1 is a side view, in cross-section, of portions of a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) and a DPF cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
- DPF Diesel Particulate Filter
- FIG. 2 is a side view, in cross-section, of fluid delivery tubes according to several embodiments of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of another DPF cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the DPF cleaning apparatus of FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a portion of the DPF of FIG. 1 and the DPF cleaning apparatus of FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 6A is a schematic plan view of a portion of the DPF cleaning apparatus of FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 6B is a schematic plan view of a portion of the DPF of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 7 is another schematic plan view of a portion of the DPF of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 8 is a flow chart depicting an algorithm for operating a DPF cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS. 9A-9C are plan views of pressure plates according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 10 is an exploded assembly view of the pressure plate of FIG. 9A and the DPF of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 11 is an assembly view of the pressure plate of FIG. 9A and the DPF of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 12 is a plan view of another pressure plate according to an embodiment of the invention.
- One or more conduits may be inserted into a DPF to dislodge and/or remove particles in the DPF by means of mechanical force and/or a pressurized fluid.
- the conduit(s) may be inserted into the DPF by hand, machine or some combination of both.
- the conduit(s) may be rigid and made from steel or other suitably rigid materials.
- the conduit(s) may also be flexible and made from plastic, rubber or other suitably flexible materials.
- the conduit(s) may have a round, square or any other desired profile.
- a manifold may secure one or more conduits in a geometric pattern that matches a pattern of the filter opening to be cleaned.
- the manifold may also fluidly couple the one or more conduits with a pressurized fluid source.
- the pressurized fluid may be air, water, or any other suitable fluid, e.g., an acid or other cleaning agent.
- An actuation tool may be arranged to automatically position and introduce one or more conduits into open channels of a DPF to clean the DPF.
- Sensors e.g., optic, acoustic, etc., may be used to locate open channels of the DPF and ensure that clean channels are not visited more than once by the actuation tool.
- a material containment system may capture filtrate, particulate matter, etc. removed from a DPF.
- a vacuum may be positioned adjacent to/in a vicinity of a substrate face of a DPF to capture the filtrate, particulate matter, etc. dislodged from the DPF.
- the containment system may protect an operator from exposure to the filtrate, particulate matter, etc. and collect it in a disposable container.
- a pressurized fluid (as indicated by arrow) of a fluid delivery apparatus 10 flows from a manifold 12 , through a conduit 14 , e.g., a fluid delivery tube, and into a channel 16 of a wall-flow DPF 18 .
- a conduit 14 e.g., a fluid delivery tube
- the tube 14 is used to loosen and remove accumulated particulate 21 from the DPF 18 .
- the tube 14 is rigid and is connected to a pressurized fluid supply 22 , e.g., an air supply used for tools found in most automotive service shops. Other configurations, however, are also possible.
- the tube 14 of FIG. 1 delivers air to the channel 16 .
- the tube 14 may be used to deliver any type of fluid to the channel 16 .
- the fluid may be water, a liquid surfactant, a liquid solvent or any fluid that will help dislodge and remove the particulate 21 from the channel 16 .
- the tube 14 has dimensions that permit it to be inserted into the channel 16 .
- the length of the tube 14 is sufficient to reach a sealed end 24 of the channel 16 .
- the tube 14 may have any desired length.
- the tube 14 may have openings in its side wall in addition to, or instead of, its end to deliver cleaning fluid to the channel 16 .
- the manifold 12 is of sufficient size to maintain constant pressure upstream of the tube 14 .
- the manifold 12 may also contain some means, e.g., a collar 25 , for attaching it with the pressurized fluid supply 22 .
- the tube 14 may be inserted into the channel 16 on the inlet side of the DPF 18 .
- the inlet side of the DPF 18 is the side into which the vehicle exhaust enters and the side where solid particles are captured.
- the tube 14 may also be inserted into a channel on the outlet side of the DPF 18 .
- the solid particles 21 in the channel 16 are dislodged.
- the fluid moves dislodged particulate 21 past the space between the tube 14 and the walls of the channel 16 and out of the DPF 18 .
- Tube actuation may include steady movement into the channel 16 , small back-and-forth motion in the channel 16 or some combination of both. Alternatively, a constant force driven displacement may be used. Other movements are, of course, also possible.
- tubes 14 a- 14 d include features that may increase their effectiveness at dislodging the particulate matter 21 illustrated in FIG. 1 .
- the tubes 14 a and 14 c are beveled to sharp points 24 .
- the tubes 14 b and 14 d are flattened to blunt points 26 .
- the tubes 14 c and 14 d have knurled surfaces 28 .
- the knurled surfaces 28 may be oriented in such a way that the particulate matter 21 is pulled out of the DPF 18 illustrated in FIG. 1 when removing the tubes 14 c or 14 d from the DPF 18 .
- Other configurations are, of course, also possible.
- one or more tubes 14 n of a DPF cleaning tool 30 are mounted to a manifold 32 in a manner similar to that described with reference to the manifold 12 .
- the manifold 32 is attached to a guide plate 34 through support posts 36 .
- the posts 36 are mounted to the manifold 32 by means of, for example, a bushing or linear bearing 37 to allow free movement between the posts 36 and manifold 32 . It is thus possible to actuate the tool 30 in open channels 16 of the DPF 18 .
- a pressurized fluid is supplied to the manifold 32 through a port 38 .
- An actuator attachment 40 allows either manual handling of the tool 30 or attachment to some automated or semi-automated mechanical device.
- Index pins 42 which align with open channels 16 in the entrance of the DPF 18 , may be used to aid in the alignment of the tool 30 with open channels 16 of the DPF 18 .
- the tubes 14 n may be mounted to the manifold 32 in a variety of ways to facilitate attachment and removal.
- the tubes 14 n may be glued into the manifold 32 or secured by means of a set screw, O-ring, or pressure fitting. Methods to allow easy replacement may be necessary if a tube is damaged or requires replacement.
- the entire manifold 32 may be attached to the tool 30 in such a way that the manifold 32 can be quickly and easily removed from the tool 30 and replaced with a new manifold.
- This method may also be used to replace the tubes 14 n with a set having a different geometry to accommodate DPFs having different geometries.
- the guide plate 34 may also be designed to allow quick and easy removal and replacement.
- the guide plate 34 of FIG. 3 contains a series of holes with a geometry matching the DPF 18 .
- the tubes 14 n are fed through the holes in the guide plate 34 .
- the guide plate 34 thus positions the tubes 14 n in the appropriate geometry for the DPF 18 such that the tubes 14 n align with the channels 16 of the DPF 18 .
- the tubes 14 e - 14 g are fed into the guide plate 34 .
- the diameter of holes 35 in the guide plate 34 is large enough to allow the free movement of the tubes 14 e - 14 g .
- the guide plate 34 also provides support for the tubes 14 e - 14 g during actuation to prevent buckling.
- additional guide plates 34 may be incorporated at various points along the length of the tubes 14 e - 14 g to provide additional support.
- a Cartesian grid of channels 43 is indicative of channel openings 16 and channel plugs 44 .
- the spacing is generally uniform in the “x” and “y” directions: the distance between any two adjacent open channels 16 is a constant ⁇ x or ⁇ y respectively.
- the tubes 14 n are mounted into the base plate 32 in a geometric arrangement 46 matching the open channel spacing in the DPF 18 .
- Other arrangements are, of course, also possible.
- the number of tubes 14 n in the “x” and “y” directions may vary given practical constraints, such as ease of tool use or force required to dislodge the particulate matter 21 .
- the geometric arrangement 46 of the fluid delivery tubes 14 n may conform to the filter geometry 43 of the open channels 16 .
- a variety of base plates 32 may be used.
- different base plates may be used to match different geometries within a single DPF.
- a DPF with both pie-shaped and round segments may require, for example, various base plates with both pie-shaped and round configurations.
- the spacing in the “x” and “y” directions is the same for the geometric arrangement 46 and the filter geometry 43 to allow the tubes 14 n illustrated in FIG. 5 to pass into the channel openings 16 .
- a reference point 50 may be used to align the tube 14 with the DPF 18 .
- the apparatus 10 is actuated and then incremented in the “x” direction by a length of ⁇ x, where ⁇ x is the distance between adjacent tubes in the “x” direction.
- the apparatus 10 may continue to be incremented in the “x” direction until every channel in that coordinate was visited for a particular value of “y.” The full distance traveled by the apparatus 10 in the “x” direction would be A ⁇ x.
- the apparatus 10 may then be incremented in the positive “y” direction by an increment of ⁇ y, where ⁇ y is the distance between adjacent channels in the “y” direction.
- ⁇ y is the distance between adjacent channels in the “y” direction.
- the above process may be repeated in the “x” direction, and then another increment of ⁇ y may be completed in the “y” direction.
- the full process is complete when the apparatus 10 has covered the full length of the DPF 18 in the “y” direction, B ⁇ y.
- a reference point on a manifold, e.g., a location associated with a tube, of a DPF cleaning tool is matched with a reference point on a DPF as indicated at 52 .
- a counter is set to 1.
- the cleaning tool is actuated.
- the process returns to 54 . If yes, the counter is incremented as indicated at 59 . As indicated at 60 , the tool is incremented in the positive “y” direction by a predetermined amount. As indicated at 62 , it is determined whether the tool has covered the entire length of the DPF in the “y” direction. If no, the process returns to 54 . If yes, the process ends as indicated at 64 .
- Incrementing of the cleaning tool may be performed either by an operator or automatically by, for example, a stepper motor, which may include inputs for the quantities ⁇ x, ⁇ y, A, and B.
- actuation of the tool 30 may be performed in a manner similar to that described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8 .
- an automated machine may provide constant force to the actuation coupling 40 , where this force is less than the force required to buckle the tubes 14 n .
- the tool 30 may also be actuated using constant velocity in the actuation direction or a combination of constant velocity and small amplitude, high frequency motion superimposed in the actuation direction.
- the apparatus 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 or the tool 30 illustrated in FIG. 3 may be outfitted with a suitable sensor, e.g., an optic sensor (such as a laser) or an acoustic sensor, to detect open channels in a DPF of arbitrary geometry. Once detected, cleaning could be performed automatically using techniques similar to those described above.
- a suitable sensor e.g., an optic sensor (such as a laser) or an acoustic sensor, to detect open channels in a DPF of arbitrary geometry. Once detected, cleaning could be performed automatically using techniques similar to those described above.
- a computer program may be used to execute such machine controlled movement and actuation.
- This program may allow input of the cleaning parameters or it may accept an input file that contains these parameters.
- the file may also contain a graphical representation of a DPF geometry that the machine may use as a guide for actuation and movement.
- digital imaging techniques may be used to determine the open channel geometry of the DPF to be cleaned.
- the apparatus 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 or tool 30 illustrated in FIG. 3 remains stationary in the plane of the filter face and a DPF to be cleaned is moved incrementally.
- the movement of the DPF may follow the same logic as described above.
- pressure plates 68 a through 68 c may be used to determine specific sections within a DPF that may be filled with a certain amount of particulate matter.
- a pressure plate 68 a is lowered onto a substrate face 70 of the DPF 18 .
- a vacuum is applied to a point 72 downstream of the DPF 18 while a point 74 at the substrate face 70 of the DPF 18 is open to the atmosphere.
- air is allowed to flow through a port 76 a of the pressure plate 68 a , through the DPF 18 and out of the DPF 18 at the point 72 .
- the pressure plates 68 b and 68 c may be used as described above and the differential pressure measured at ports 76 b , 76 c respectively.
- a pressure plate 78 has a pie-shaped opening 80 through which air may flow as described above. Any suitable pressure plate opening geometry, however, may be used depending on which proves most effective.
Abstract
Description
- This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/946,793, filed Jun. 28, 2007.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The invention relates to apparatus and methods for delivering fluids to diesel particulate filters.
- 2. Discussion
- A diesel particulate filter (DPF) may remove combustible (carbonaceous) and incombustible particulate matter (PM) from an exhaust gas stream of an engine. Combustible particulate is a complex blend of solid carbon and organic compounds, and may result from the incomplete combustion of diesel fuel in a cylinder of the engine. Incombustible particulate is generated from additives in lubrication oil or fuel for the engine, and material eroded from the engine surfaces. Under some circumstances, the combustible PM may fully combust during filter regeneration and thus exit the filter as gaseous CO2 and H2O. In general, the incombustible particulate cannot be converted to gaseous components and may be trapped in the filter as various oxides or other compounds (collectively called “ash”).
- A DPF may require periodic cleaning to remove ash structures formed in channels of the DPF. A pressurized fluid may be applied to outer surfaces of the DPF to clean it. The ash structures, however, may be strong enough to resist removal by such application of pressurized fluid.
- Each channel of the DPF may be probed with a solid rod to dislodge the ash structures from the channels. Such probing, however, may not remove the ash being broken apart and may, instead, pack the ash making it more difficult to remove.
- An apparatus for delivering pressurized fluid from a pressurized fluid source to a cell of a wall-flow particulate filter may include a fluid delivery tube configured to be inserted into the cell and to deliver the pressurized fluid to the cell to dislodge particulate matter within the cell. The apparatus may also include a connector body for fluidly connecting the fluid delivery tube with the pressurized fluid source.
- An apparatus for cleaning a diesel particulate filter having a plurality of cells with a pressurized fluid may include a conduit configured to be received by at least one of the plurality of cells. The conduit may include a surface defining an opening to deliver the pressurized fluid to the at least one of the plurality of cells to remove particulate matter within the at least one of the plurality of cells.
- A method for delivering pressurized fluid from a pressurized fluid source to a cell of a wall-flow particulate filter may include inserting a fluid delivery tube into the cell, delivering the pressurized fluid from the pressurized fluid source to the cell via the fluid delivery tube to dislodge particulate matter within the cell and removing the fluid delivery tube from the cell.
- While example embodiments in accordance with the invention are illustrated and disclosed, such disclosure should not be construed to limit the invention. It is anticipated that various modifications and alternative designs may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
-
FIG. 1 is a side view, in cross-section, of portions of a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) and a DPF cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention. -
FIG. 2 is a side view, in cross-section, of fluid delivery tubes according to several embodiments of the invention. -
FIG. 3 is a side view of another DPF cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention. -
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the DPF cleaning apparatus ofFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a portion of the DPF ofFIG. 1 and the DPF cleaning apparatus ofFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 6A is a schematic plan view of a portion of the DPF cleaning apparatus ofFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 6B is a schematic plan view of a portion of the DPF ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 7 is another schematic plan view of a portion of the DPF ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 8 is a flow chart depicting an algorithm for operating a DPF cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention. -
FIGS. 9A-9C are plan views of pressure plates according to an embodiment of the invention. -
FIG. 10 is an exploded assembly view of the pressure plate ofFIG. 9A and the DPF ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 11 is an assembly view of the pressure plate ofFIG. 9A and the DPF ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 12 is a plan view of another pressure plate according to an embodiment of the invention. - One or more conduits may be inserted into a DPF to dislodge and/or remove particles in the DPF by means of mechanical force and/or a pressurized fluid. The conduit(s) may be inserted into the DPF by hand, machine or some combination of both. The conduit(s) may be rigid and made from steel or other suitably rigid materials. The conduit(s) may also be flexible and made from plastic, rubber or other suitably flexible materials. The conduit(s) may have a round, square or any other desired profile.
- A manifold may secure one or more conduits in a geometric pattern that matches a pattern of the filter opening to be cleaned. The manifold may also fluidly couple the one or more conduits with a pressurized fluid source. The pressurized fluid may be air, water, or any other suitable fluid, e.g., an acid or other cleaning agent.
- An actuation tool may be arranged to automatically position and introduce one or more conduits into open channels of a DPF to clean the DPF. Sensors, e.g., optic, acoustic, etc., may be used to locate open channels of the DPF and ensure that clean channels are not visited more than once by the actuation tool.
- A material containment system may capture filtrate, particulate matter, etc. removed from a DPF. For example, a vacuum may be positioned adjacent to/in a vicinity of a substrate face of a DPF to capture the filtrate, particulate matter, etc. dislodged from the DPF. The containment system may protect an operator from exposure to the filtrate, particulate matter, etc. and collect it in a disposable container.
- Referring now to
FIG. 1 , a pressurized fluid (as indicated by arrow) of afluid delivery apparatus 10 flows from amanifold 12, through aconduit 14, e.g., a fluid delivery tube, and into achannel 16 of a wall-flow DPF 18. Of course, thefluid delivery apparatus 10 may be used with any filter having channels. Thetube 14 is used to loosen and remove accumulatedparticulate 21 from theDPF 18. - In the embodiment of
FIG. 1 , thetube 14 is rigid and is connected to a pressurized fluid supply 22, e.g., an air supply used for tools found in most automotive service shops. Other configurations, however, are also possible. Thetube 14 ofFIG. 1 delivers air to thechannel 16. Thetube 14, however, may be used to deliver any type of fluid to thechannel 16. For example, the fluid may be water, a liquid surfactant, a liquid solvent or any fluid that will help dislodge and remove the particulate 21 from thechannel 16. - The
tube 14 has dimensions that permit it to be inserted into thechannel 16. The length of thetube 14 is sufficient to reach a sealedend 24 of thechannel 16. In other embodiments, however, thetube 14 may have any desired length. Additionally, thetube 14 may have openings in its side wall in addition to, or instead of, its end to deliver cleaning fluid to thechannel 16. - In the embodiment of
FIG. 1 , the manifold 12 is of sufficient size to maintain constant pressure upstream of thetube 14. The manifold 12 may also contain some means, e.g., a collar 25, for attaching it with the pressurized fluid supply 22. - The
tube 14 may be inserted into thechannel 16 on the inlet side of theDPF 18. As installed on a vehicle, the inlet side of theDPF 18 is the side into which the vehicle exhaust enters and the side where solid particles are captured. Thetube 14, however, may also be inserted into a channel on the outlet side of theDPF 18. - By actuating the
tube 14, either manually or by some automated or semi-automated mechanism, thesolid particles 21 in thechannel 16 are dislodged. During actuation, the fluid moves dislodgedparticulate 21 past the space between thetube 14 and the walls of thechannel 16 and out of theDPF 18. - Tube actuation may include steady movement into the
channel 16, small back-and-forth motion in thechannel 16 or some combination of both. Alternatively, a constant force driven displacement may be used. Other movements are, of course, also possible. - Referring now to
FIG. 2 , tubes 14a-14d include features that may increase their effectiveness at dislodging theparticulate matter 21 illustrated inFIG. 1 . The tubes 14a and 14c are beveled tosharp points 24. Thetubes 14b and 14d are flattened toblunt points 26. Thetubes 14c and 14d have knurled surfaces 28. The knurled surfaces 28 may be oriented in such a way that theparticulate matter 21 is pulled out of theDPF 18 illustrated inFIG. 1 when removing thetubes 14c or 14d from theDPF 18. Other configurations are, of course, also possible. - Referring now to
FIGS. 1 and 3 , one ormore tubes 14n of aDPF cleaning tool 30 are mounted to a manifold 32 in a manner similar to that described with reference to themanifold 12. The manifold 32 is attached to aguide plate 34 through support posts 36. Theposts 36 are mounted to the manifold 32 by means of, for example, a bushing orlinear bearing 37 to allow free movement between theposts 36 andmanifold 32. It is thus possible to actuate thetool 30 inopen channels 16 of theDPF 18. - A pressurized fluid is supplied to the manifold 32 through a
port 38. An actuator attachment 40 allows either manual handling of thetool 30 or attachment to some automated or semi-automated mechanical device. Index pins 42, which align withopen channels 16 in the entrance of theDPF 18, may be used to aid in the alignment of thetool 30 withopen channels 16 of theDPF 18. - The
tubes 14 n may be mounted to the manifold 32 in a variety of ways to facilitate attachment and removal. For example, thetubes 14 n may be glued into the manifold 32 or secured by means of a set screw, O-ring, or pressure fitting. Methods to allow easy replacement may be necessary if a tube is damaged or requires replacement. - Alternatively, the
entire manifold 32 may be attached to thetool 30 in such a way that the manifold 32 can be quickly and easily removed from thetool 30 and replaced with a new manifold. This method may also be used to replace thetubes 14 n with a set having a different geometry to accommodate DPFs having different geometries. Theguide plate 34 may also be designed to allow quick and easy removal and replacement. - The
guide plate 34 ofFIG. 3 contains a series of holes with a geometry matching theDPF 18. Thetubes 14 n are fed through the holes in theguide plate 34. Theguide plate 34 thus positions thetubes 14 n in the appropriate geometry for theDPF 18 such that thetubes 14 n align with thechannels 16 of theDPF 18. - Referring now to
FIG. 4 , thetubes 14 e-14 g are fed into theguide plate 34. In the embodiment ofFIG. 4 , the diameter ofholes 35 in theguide plate 34 is large enough to allow the free movement of thetubes 14 e-14 g. Theguide plate 34 also provides support for thetubes 14 e-14 g during actuation to prevent buckling. In other embodiments,additional guide plates 34 may be incorporated at various points along the length of thetubes 14 e-14 g to provide additional support. - Referring now to
FIG. 5 , a Cartesian grid ofchannels 43 is indicative ofchannel openings 16 and channel plugs 44. In the embodiment ofFIG. 5 , the spacing is generally uniform in the “x” and “y” directions: the distance between any two adjacentopen channels 16 is a constant Δx or Δy respectively. - The
tubes 14 n are mounted into thebase plate 32 in ageometric arrangement 46 matching the open channel spacing in theDPF 18. Other arrangements are, of course, also possible. For example, the number oftubes 14 n in the “x” and “y” directions may vary given practical constraints, such as ease of tool use or force required to dislodge theparticulate matter 21. - The
geometric arrangement 46 of thefluid delivery tubes 14 n may conform to thefilter geometry 43 of theopen channels 16. To accommodate different DPF geometries, a variety ofbase plates 32 may be used. In addition, different base plates may be used to match different geometries within a single DPF. A DPF with both pie-shaped and round segments may require, for example, various base plates with both pie-shaped and round configurations. - Referring now to
FIGS. 6A and 6B , the spacing in the “x” and “y” directions is the same for thegeometric arrangement 46 and thefilter geometry 43 to allow thetubes 14 n illustrated inFIG. 5 to pass into thechannel openings 16. - Referring now to
FIGS. 1 and 7 , a reference point 50 may be used to align thetube 14 with theDPF 18. Once aligned, theapparatus 10 is actuated and then incremented in the “x” direction by a length of Δx, where Δx is the distance between adjacent tubes in the “x” direction. Theapparatus 10 may continue to be incremented in the “x” direction until every channel in that coordinate was visited for a particular value of “y.” The full distance traveled by theapparatus 10 in the “x” direction would be AΔx. - The
apparatus 10 may then be incremented in the positive “y” direction by an increment of Δy, where Δy is the distance between adjacent channels in the “y” direction. The above process may be repeated in the “x” direction, and then another increment of Δy may be completed in the “y” direction. The full process is complete when theapparatus 10 has covered the full length of theDPF 18 in the “y” direction, BΔy. - The choice of coordinate systems here is arbitrary. One could also start in the “y” direction. Other coordinate systems, such as the polar system, are also valid as long as the spacing of the
DPF 18 is uniform in the angular and radial directions. - Referring now to
FIG. 8 , a reference point on a manifold, e.g., a location associated with a tube, of a DPF cleaning tool is matched with a reference point on a DPF as indicated at 52. As indicated at 53, a counter is set to 1. As indicated at 54, the cleaning tool is actuated. As indicated at 55, it is determined whether the counter is odd. If yes, the cleaning tool is incremented in the positive “x” direction by a predetermined amount as indicated at 56. If no, the cleaning tool is incremented in the negative “x” direction by a predetermined amount as indicated at 57. As indicated at 58, it is determined whether the cleaning tool has covered the entire length of the DPF in the “x” direction. If no, the process returns to 54. If yes, the counter is incremented as indicated at 59. As indicated at 60, the tool is incremented in the positive “y” direction by a predetermined amount. As indicated at 62, it is determined whether the tool has covered the entire length of the DPF in the “y” direction. If no, the process returns to 54. If yes, the process ends as indicated at 64. - Incrementing of the cleaning tool may be performed either by an operator or automatically by, for example, a stepper motor, which may include inputs for the quantities Δx, Δy, A, and B.
- Referring again to
FIG. 3 , actuation of thetool 30 may be performed in a manner similar to that described with reference toFIGS. 7 and 8 . - To prevent buckling of the
tubes 14 n, an automated machine may provide constant force to the actuation coupling 40, where this force is less than the force required to buckle thetubes 14 n. Thetool 30 may also be actuated using constant velocity in the actuation direction or a combination of constant velocity and small amplitude, high frequency motion superimposed in the actuation direction. - In other embodiments, the
apparatus 10 illustrated inFIG. 1 or thetool 30 illustrated inFIG. 3 may be outfitted with a suitable sensor, e.g., an optic sensor (such as a laser) or an acoustic sensor, to detect open channels in a DPF of arbitrary geometry. Once detected, cleaning could be performed automatically using techniques similar to those described above. - For embodiments where an automated or semi-automated machine controls the movement and actuation of the
apparatus 10 illustrated inFIG. 1 ortool 30 illustrated inFIG. 3 , a computer program may be used to execute such machine controlled movement and actuation. This program may allow input of the cleaning parameters or it may accept an input file that contains these parameters. The file may also contain a graphical representation of a DPF geometry that the machine may use as a guide for actuation and movement. Alternatively, digital imaging techniques may be used to determine the open channel geometry of the DPF to be cleaned. - In still other embodiments, the
apparatus 10 illustrated inFIG. 1 ortool 30 illustrated in FIG. 3 remains stationary in the plane of the filter face and a DPF to be cleaned is moved incrementally. The movement of the DPF may follow the same logic as described above. - Referring now to
FIGS. 9A through 9C , pressure plates 68 a through 68 c, as discussed below, may be used to determine specific sections within a DPF that may be filled with a certain amount of particulate matter. - Referring now to
FIGS. 10 and 11 , a pressure plate 68 a is lowered onto asubstrate face 70 of theDPF 18. A vacuum is applied to a point 72 downstream of theDPF 18 while apoint 74 at thesubstrate face 70 of theDPF 18 is open to the atmosphere. As such, air is allowed to flow through a port 76 a of the pressure plate 68 a, through theDPF 18 and out of theDPF 18 at the point 72. - While the pressure plate 68 a is rotated on the surface of the
DPF 18, the differential pressure between thepoints 72, 74 is measured. High differential pressure between thepoints 72, 74 would indicate higher ash loading in that section of theDPF 18. - Referring again to
FIGS. 9B and 9C , to obtain full coverage of the DPF face 70 illustrated inFIG. 10 , the pressure plates 68 b and 68 c may be used as described above and the differential pressure measured at ports 76 b, 76 c respectively. - Referring to
FIG. 12 , apressure plate 78 has a pie-shaped opening 80 through which air may flow as described above. Any suitable pressure plate opening geometry, however, may be used depending on which proves most effective. - While embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it is not intended that these embodiments illustrate and describe all possible forms of the invention. Rather, the words used in the specification are words of description rather than limitation, and it is understood that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (26)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/135,317 US20090000479A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2008-06-09 | Apparatus and method for delivering a fluid to a diesel particulate filter |
US13/165,012 US8048207B1 (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2011-06-21 | Method for delivering a fluid to a diesel particulate filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US94679307P | 2007-06-28 | 2007-06-28 | |
US12/135,317 US20090000479A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2008-06-09 | Apparatus and method for delivering a fluid to a diesel particulate filter |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/165,012 Division US8048207B1 (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2011-06-21 | Method for delivering a fluid to a diesel particulate filter |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20090000479A1 true US20090000479A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
Family
ID=40158893
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/135,317 Abandoned US20090000479A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2008-06-09 | Apparatus and method for delivering a fluid to a diesel particulate filter |
US13/165,012 Active US8048207B1 (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2011-06-21 | Method for delivering a fluid to a diesel particulate filter |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/165,012 Active US8048207B1 (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2011-06-21 | Method for delivering a fluid to a diesel particulate filter |
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US (2) | US20090000479A1 (en) |
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WO2015104655A1 (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2015-07-16 | Bernhard Kahlert | Device and method for cleaning filters, in particular particulate filters |
US20150240680A1 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-27 | Caterpillar Inc. | Cleaning tool for diesel particulate filter |
US20190374983A1 (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-12 | General Electric Company | System and method of powder removal |
US11187122B2 (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2021-11-30 | EcoClean Advantage, LLC | Diesel particulate filter cleaning machine with filter cleaning time prediction |
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CN112236241A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2021-01-15 | 通用电气公司 | Powder removal system and method |
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