US20090011832A1 - Mobile communication device with game application for display on a remote monitor and methods for use therewith - Google Patents
Mobile communication device with game application for display on a remote monitor and methods for use therewith Download PDFInfo
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- US20090011832A1 US20090011832A1 US12/210,369 US21036908A US2009011832A1 US 20090011832 A1 US20090011832 A1 US 20090011832A1 US 21036908 A US21036908 A US 21036908A US 2009011832 A1 US2009011832 A1 US 2009011832A1
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- gaming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
- H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
- H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
- H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
- H04M1/72427—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality for supporting games or graphical animations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
- H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
- H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
- H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
- H04M1/72409—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories
- H04M1/72412—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories using two-way short-range wireless interfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M2250/00—Details of telephonic subscriber devices
- H04M2250/02—Details of telephonic subscriber devices including a Bluetooth interface
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M2250/00—Details of telephonic subscriber devices
- H04M2250/06—Details of telephonic subscriber devices including a wireless LAN interface
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M2250/00—Details of telephonic subscriber devices
- H04M2250/10—Details of telephonic subscriber devices including a GPS signal receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M2250/00—Details of telephonic subscriber devices
- H04M2250/12—Details of telephonic subscriber devices including a sensor for measuring a physical value, e.g. temperature or motion
Abstract
Description
- The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 120 as a continuation-in-part of the copending application entitled, VIDEO GAMING SYSTEM WITH POSITION AND MOTION TRACKING, having application Ser. No. 12/125,154, filed on May 22, 2008, that itself claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119 to the provisionally filed application having Ser. No. 60/936,724 filed on Jun. 22, 2007, and is a continuation in part patent application of patent application entitled RF BUS CONTROLLER, having a filing date of Jan. 31, 2007, and a Ser. No. 11/700,285, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference thereto.
- The present application is also related to the following copending application:
- U.S. patent application having Ser. No. ______, MOBILE COMMUNICATION DEVICE WITH GAME APPLICATION FOR USE IN CONJUNCTION WITH A REMOTE MOBILE COMMUNICATION DEVICE AND METHODS FOR USE THEREWITH, filed on ______.
- 1. Technical Field of the Invention
- 2. Description of Related Art
- This invention relates generally to wireless systems and more particularly to wireless devices that communicate with a remote game device.
- 3. Description of Related Art
- Communication systems are known to support wireless and wire lined communications between wireless and/or wire lined communication devices. Such communication systems range from national and/or international cellular telephone systems to the Internet to point-to-point in-home wireless networks to radio frequency identification (RFID) systems. Each type of communication system is constructed, and hence operates, in accordance with one or more communication standards. For instance, radio frequency (RF) wireless communication systems may operate in accordance with one or more standards including, but not limited to, RFID, IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, advanced mobile phone services (AMPS), digital AMPS, global system for mobile communications (GSM), code division multiple access (CDMA), local multi-point distribution systems (LMDS), multi-channel-multi-point distribution systems (MMDS), and/or variations thereof. As another example, infrared (IR) communication systems may operate in accordance with one or more standards including, but not limited to, IrDA (Infrared Data Association).
- Depending on the type of RF wireless communication system, a wireless communication device, such as a cellular telephone, two-way radio, personal digital assistant (PDA), personal computer (PC), laptop computer, home entertainment equipment, RFID reader, RFID tag, et cetera communicates directly or indirectly with other wireless communication devices. For direct communications (also known as point-to-point communications), the participating wireless communication devices tune their receivers and transmitters to the same channel or channels (e.g., one of the plurality of radio frequency (RF) carriers of the wireless communication system) and communicate over that channel(s). For indirect wireless communications, each wireless communication device communicates directly with an associated base station (e.g., for cellular services) and/or an associated access point (e.g., for an in-home or in-building wireless network) via an assigned channel. To complete a communication connection between the wireless communication devices, the associated base stations and/or associated access points communicate with each other directly, via a system controller, via the public switch telephone network, via the Internet, and/or via some other wide area network.
- For each RF wireless communication device to participate in wireless communications, it includes a built-in radio transceiver (i.e., receiver and transmitter) or is coupled to an associated radio transceiver (e.g., a station for in-home and/or in-building wireless communication networks, RF modem, etc.). As is known, the receiver is coupled to the antenna and includes a low noise amplifier, one or more intermediate frequency stages, a filtering stage, and a data recovery stage. The low noise amplifier receives inbound RF signals via the antenna and amplifies then. The one or more intermediate frequency stages mix the amplified RF signals with one or more local oscillations to convert the amplified RF signal into baseband signals or intermediate frequency (IF) signals. The filtering stage filters the baseband signals or the IF signals to attenuate unwanted out of band signals to produce filtered signals. The data recovery stage recovers raw data from the filtered signals in accordance with the particular wireless communication standard.
- As is also known, the transmitter includes a data modulation stage, one or more intermediate frequency stages, and a power amplifier. The data modulation stage converts raw data into baseband signals in accordance with a particular wireless communication standard. The one or more intermediate frequency stages mix the baseband signals with one or more local oscillations to produce RF signals. The power amplifier amplifies the RF signals prior to transmission via an antenna.
- In most applications, radio transceivers are implemented in one or more integrated circuits (ICs), which are inter-coupled via traces on a printed circuit board (PCB). The radio transceivers operate within licensed or unlicensed frequency spectrums. For example, wireless local area network (WLAN) transceivers communicate data within the unlicensed Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) frequency spectrum of 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, and 5 GHz. While the ISM frequency spectrum is unlicensed there are restrictions on power, modulation techniques, and antenna gain.
- In IR communication systems, an IR device includes a transmitter, a light emitting diode, a receiver, and a silicon photo diode. In operation, the transmitter modulates a signal, which drives the LED to emit infrared radiation which is focused by a lens into a narrow beam. The receiver, via the silicon photo diode, receives the narrow beam infrared radiation and converts it into an electric signal.
- IR communications are used video games to detect the direction in which a game controller is pointed. As an example, an IR sensor is placed near the game display, where the IR sensor to detect the IR signal transmitted by the game controller. If the game controller is too far away, too close, or angled away from the IR sensor, the IR communication will fail.
- Further advances in video gaming include three accelerometers in the game controller to detect motion by way of acceleration. The motion data is transmitted to the game console via a Bluetooth wireless link. The Bluetooth wireless link may also transmit the IR direction data to the game console and/or convey other data between the game controller and the game console.
- While the above technologies allow video gaming to include motion sensing, it does so with limitations. As mentioned, the IR communication has a limited area in which a player can be for the IR communication to work properly. Further, the accelerometer only measures acceleration such that true one-to-one detection of motion is not achieved. Thus, the gaming motion is limited to a handful of directions (e.g., horizontal, vertical, and a few diagonal directions.
- The present invention is directed to apparatus and methods of operation that are further described in the following Brief Description of the Drawings, the Detailed Description of the Invention, and the claims. Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a communication system in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of another communication system in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 3 presents a pictorial block diagram representation of awireless network 111 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 presents a pictorial block diagram representation of acommunication device 117 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 5 presents a pictorial block diagram representation of acommunication device 117 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 6 presents a pictorial block diagram representation of acommunication device 117 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 7 presents a pictorial block diagram representation of acommunication device 117 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 8 presents a pictorial block diagram representation of acommunication device 117 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of acommunication device 10 in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of acommunication device 30 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of acommunication device 30′ in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of aGPS receiver 210 used to generate position in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 13 is a graphical representation of position information determined in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of aGPS receiver 210 used to generate position in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 15 is a graphical representation of position information determined in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of a gyratingcircuit 200 andGPS receiver 210 used to generate position and velocity information in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 17 is a graphical representation of position information determined in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of a gyratingcircuit 200 andGPS receiver 210 used to generate position and velocity information in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment ofRF transceiver 135 andGPS receiver 187 in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 20 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment ofRF transceiver 135′ and withdual mode receiver 137′ in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 21 is a side view of a pictorial representation of an integrated circuit package in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 22 is a side view of a pictorial representation of an integrated circuit package in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 23 is a side view of a pictorial representation of an integrated circuit package in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 24 is a side view of a pictorial representation of an integrated circuit package in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 25 is a bottom view of a pictorial representation of an integrated circuit package in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 26 is a schematic block diagram of an overhead view of an embodiment of a gaming system in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 27 is a schematic block diagram of a side view of an embodiment of a gaming system in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 28 is a schematic block diagram of an overhead view of another embodiment of a gaming system in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 29 is a schematic block diagram of a side view of another embodiment of a gaming system in accordance with the present invention; -
FIGS. 30-32 are diagrams of an embodiment of a coordinate system of a gaming system in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 33 is a schematic block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention that includescommunication device 117; -
FIG. 34 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of acommunication device 10′ in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 35 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an RFID reader and an RFID tag in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 36 is a diagram of an example of positioning and/or motioning of a game controller to select an item on the display of a game console in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 37 is a diagram of a method for processing a position and/or motion based selection in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 38 is a diagram of a method for processing a position and/or motion based gaming action in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 39 is a schematic block diagram of a side view of another embodiment of a gaming system in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 40 is a schematic block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 41 is a graphical representation of trajectory data determined in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 42 is a graphical representation of trajectory data determined in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 43 is a graphical representation of trajectory data determined in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 44 is a schematic block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 45 is a schematic block diagram of a side view of another embodiment of a gaming system in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 46 is a schematic block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 47 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an RFID reader and an RFID tag in accordance another embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 48 is a schematic block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention that includescommunication device 117′; -
FIG. 49 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of acommunication device 117′ in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 50 is a schematic block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention that includescommunication device 117′; -
FIG. 51 is a schematic block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention that includescommunication device 117′; -
FIG. 52 is a pictorial representation of ascreen display 904 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 53 is a pictorial representation of ascreen display 914 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 54 is a flowchart representation of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 55 is a flowchart representation of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 56 is a flowchart representation of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 57 is a flowchart representation of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 58 is a flowchart representation of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIG. 59 is a flowchart representation of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a communication system in accordance with the present invention. In particular, a communication system is shown that includes acommunication device 10 that communicates real-time data 24 and non-real-time data 26 wirelessly with one or more other devices such asbase station 18, non-real-time device 20, real-time device 22, and non-real-time and/or real-time device 25. In addition,communication device 10 can also optionally communicate over a wireline connection with non-real-time device 12, real-time device 14 and non-real-time and/or real-time device 16. - In an embodiment of the present invention the
wireline connection 28 can be a wired connection that operates in accordance with one or more standard protocols, such as a universal serial bus (USB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 488, IEEE 1394 (Firewire), Ethernet, small computer system interface (SCSI), serial or parallel advanced technology attachment (SATA or PATA), or other wired communication protocol, either standard or proprietary. The wireless connection can communicate in accordance with a wireless network protocol such as IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), WIMAX, or other wireless network protocol, a wireless telephony data/voice protocol such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution (EDGE), Personal Communication Services (PCS), or other mobile wireless protocol, RFID of other RF tag protocol or other wireless communication protocol, either standard or proprietary. Further, the wireless communication path can include separate transmit and receive paths that use separate carrier frequencies and/or separate frequency channels. Alternatively, a single frequency or frequency channel can be used to bi-directionally communicate data to and from thecommunication device 10. -
Communication device 10 can be a mobile phone such as a cellular telephone, a personal digital assistant, game device, personal computer, laptop computer, or other device that performs one or more functions that include communication of voice and/or data viawireline connection 28 and/or the wireless communication path. In an embodiment of the present invention, the real-time and non-real-time devices - In operation, the communication device includes one or more applications that include voice communications such as standard telephony applications, voice-over-Internet Protocol (VoIP) applications, local gaming, Internet gaming, email, instant messaging, multimedia messaging, web browsing, audio/video recording, audio/video playback, audio/video downloading, playing of streaming audio/video, office applications such as databases, spreadsheets, word processing, presentation creation and processing and other voice and data applications. In conjunction with these applications, the real-
time data 26 includes telephony data, voice, audio, video, multimedia data, display data, motion data, for application such as telephony, gaming, or other applications. The non-real-time data 24 includes text messaging, email, web browsing, file uploading and downloading, authentication data, user preferences, and other data used in any of the application discussed above. - In an embodiment of the present invention, the
communication device 10 includes an integrated circuit, such as an RF integrated circuit that includes one or more features or functions of the present invention. Such features and functions shall be described in greater detail in association withFIGS. 5-59 that follow. -
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of another communication system in accordance with the present invention. In particular,FIG. 2 presents a communication system that includes many common elements ofFIG. 1 that are referred to by common reference numerals.Communication device 30 is similar tocommunication device 10 and is capable of any of the applications, functions and features attributed tocommunication device 10, as discussed in conjunction withFIG. 1 . However,communication device 30 includes one or more separate wireless transceivers for communicating, contemporaneously, via two or more wireless communication protocols withdata device 32 and/ordata base station 34 viaRF data 40 andvoice base station 36 and/orvoice device 38 via RF voice signals 42. -
FIG. 3 presents a pictorial representation of awireless network 111 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Thewireless network 111 includes anaccess point 110 that is coupled to packet switchedbackbone network 101. Theaccess point 110 manages communication flow over thewireless network 111 destined for and originating from each ofcommunication devices access point 110, each of thecommunication devices service provider network 105 andInternet 103 to, for example, surf web-sites, download audio and/or video programming, send and receive messages such as text messages, voice message and multimedia messages, access broadcast, stored or streaming audio, video or other multimedia content, play games, send and receive telephone calls, and perform any other activities, provided directly byaccess point 110 or indirectly through packet switchedbackbone network 101. - One or more of the
communication devices communication device 117 is a mobile device that can include the functionality ofcommunication devices communication device 125 includes an RF integrated circuit (IC) optionally including a motion sensor such as an accelerometer, RFID tag, or on-chip gyrating circuit that generates motion parameters based on motion of the device including a velocity, velocity vector, acceleration (including deceleration) and/or other motion parameter. In addition,communication device 117 optionally includes a GPS receiver that generates GPS position data and/or GPS velocity data. The RF IC processes the optional GPS position data and GPS velocity data and the optional motion parameters to producemotion data 113, such as position information and velocity information that identifies the location, velocity, orientation and/or direction of motion of thecommunication device 117. The RF IC can use data from either the optional motion sensor or the GPS receiver or both to generate the motion data. If for instance the GPS receiver is running and receiving a strong signal, GPS position and velocity data can be used to generate themotion data 113. If however, the GPS receiver is starting up, has lost satellite reception, the device is transmitting or the GPS receiver is otherwise generating inaccurate data, either the optional motion sensor or an extrapolation of past data can be used to generate velocity information and can further generate position information from the last know position coordinates and/or velocity. - In addition, where high data
rate motion data 113 is required for an application, for instance a gaming application where the communication device is used to communicate motion data to a game console or game server in conjunction with a local game or an online game, the GPS receiver can generate a reference position and the optional motion sensor can be used to generate motion vectors or other different position data at sample periods such as 10 msec, 20 msec, 50 msec, 100 msec, or some other data sample period. - The RF IC optionally generates outbound data that includes the
motion data 113 and/or a flag or other data that indicatescommunication device 117 is a mobile device, generates an outbound RF signal from outbound data and transmits the outbound RF signal to a remote station, such as theaccess point 110. - In operation,
access point 110 can optionally change its own transmit and receive characteristics, based on the knowledge thatcommunication device 117 is mobile, is in motion and/or based on information from a velocity vector orother motion data 113 that indicates that thecommunication device 125 is moving into closer range, is moving out of range, is moving close to a known source of interference, is moving into or away from an obstructed path, etc. Examples of transmit and receive characteristics include: transmit power levels; antenna configurations such as multi-input multi-output (MIMO) configuration, beam patterns, polarization patterns, diversity configurations, etc. to adapt the orientation and/or position of the communication device; protocol parameters and other transmit and receive characteristics of the access point. - In addition,
access point 110 can generate optionally controldata 99 to transmit to thecommunication device 117 and/or thecommunication devices access point 110 can generate a request to receive periodic motion data from thecommunication device 117. Alternatively,communication device 117 can generate and transmit motion data on a regular and/or periodic basis or in response to changes inmotion data 113 that compare unfavorably (such as to exceed) a motion change threshold, such as to inform theaccess point 110 when thecommunication device 117 starts, stops, changes speed and/or direction, etc. - For example,
communication device 117 can indicate toaccess point 110 that it is a mobile device, andaccess point 110 can request thatcommunication device 117 sendperiodic motion data 113. If theaccess point 110 determines that thecommunication device 117 is moving out of range, it can increase its power level, and steer its antenna beam in the direction of thecommunication device 117 and command thecommunication device 117 to modify one or more if its transmit and/or receive parameters, to increase its power level, steer its antenna beam at the access point and/or to modify other antenna parameters to compensate for a possible lowering of signal to noise ratio, etc. -
Further access point 110 can operate to manage the transmit and receive characteristics by the adjustment of the protocol or protocols used in communicating between theaccess point 110 and theclient devices access point 110 can selectively adjust one or more protocol parameters, such as the packet length, data rate, forward error correction, error detection, coding scheme, data payload length, contention period, and back-off parameters used byaccess point 110 in communication with one or more of theclient devices motion data 113. In this fashion, the protocol parameters can be adapted to compensate for the motion of one or more communication devices, such ascommunication device 117, to conserve power, increase throughput, and/or to minimize unnecessary transmission power utilization based on the conditions of the network. - For example, in the event that a mobile client device, such as
communication device 117 is anticipated to have difficulty detecting transmissions fromcommunication device 123 because it is moving out of range,access point 110 can modify the protocol parameters so that transmissions bycommunication device 117 include more aggressive error correcting codes, increased back-off times and/or smaller data payloads or packet length to increase the chances that a packet will be received in the event of contention bycommunication device 123. In addition, decreasing the packet length can increase the frequency of acknowledgements transmitted byaccess point 110. These acknowledgements can be transmitted at a power level sufficient to be heard bycommunication device 123. With increased back-off times,communication device 123 has less opportunity to create a potential contention. - In a further mode of operation,
access point 110 andcommunication devices Access point 110 can likewise select a particular one of a plurality of protocols that suits the particular conditions present in thewireless network 111, as determined based on an assessment ofmotion data 113. For instance, an access point can select from 802.11(n), 802.11(g) or 802.11(b) protocols having different protocol parameters, data rates, etc, based on the particular protocol best suited to the current mobility status ofcommunication devices - While the description above has focused on the control of transmit and receive characteristics of
communication devices control data 115 received fromaccess point 110, in an embodiment of the present invention, each of these communication devices can respond to its own motion data, such asmotion data 113, to control its transmit and receive characteristics, without intervention from the access point. For example, if thecommunication device 117 determines it is moving out of range, it can increase its power level, and steer its antenna beam in the direction of theaccess point 110 and/or modify other protocol parameters to compensate for a possible lowering of signal to noise ratio, etc. - In an embodiment of the present invention, the
communication devices - While
motion data 113 has been discussed above primarily with respect to the control of communications in a communications application and for gaming such as local or Internet gaming,motion data 113 generated in such a fashion can further be used in support of other applications such as position and navigation services, location-based services, authentication services and other applications where the position, orientation or location of thecommunication device 117 is useful or required. Particular attention to the use ofcommunication device 117 or similar devices in a separate gaming mode of operation will be discussed in greater detail in conjunction withFIG. 26-59 . Further details including several other methods and implementations will be discussed in conjunction withFIGS. 4-25 that follow. -
FIG. 4 presents a pictorial representation of a wireless network in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular,communication device 117 is a wireless telephone device or other device that includes a wireless telephony transceiver and that, in a telephony mode of operation, is capable of placing a receiving conventional wireless telephone calls, voice over internet protocol telephone calls, communicating via a wireless telephony protocol such as cellular voice or data protocol such as GSM, GPRS, AMPS, UMTS, EDGE or other wireless telephony protocol that can be used to communicate with anetwork 119, such as a wireless telephone or data network, the Internet or other network, via base station or access point 118. In an embodiment of the present invention,communication device 117 includes a GPS receiver and generates position information that is used bycommunication device 117 and/ornetwork 119 for location-based services, for placing emergency calls such as 911 (e911) calls. - In addition, the position information can be used by
communication device 110 for adjusting transmit, receive and antenna characteristics based on the position or motion ofcommunication device 117, either by itself or based on information obtained from a base station/access point such as base station or access point 118 in a similar fashion tocommunication device 117 discussed in conjunction withFIG. 3 . In an embodiment of the present invention, can optionally adjust the determination of position information during transceiver transmissions to compensate for the potential loss or corruption of current GPS position data by, for instance, de-weighting the current GPS position data and relying instead on position data that is estimated based on prior GPS position and/or velocity data or based on motion data generated by an optional motion sensor. - In addition,
communication device 117 can be a dual mode or multi-mode device that can be used in a gaming mode of operation. In this mode,communication 117 uses one or more sensors, such as a microphone, button, joy-stick, thumb wheel, motion sensor, touch screen or photo sensor, for generatinggaming data 66 in response to the actions of a user. In addition, thecommunication device 117 can us its wireless telephony transceiver to sends thegaming data 66 to agame device 115 in the gaming mode of operation. - For example, the
game device 115 can be a game console, such as a home gaming console, set-top box, arcade game or other local game device that runs a game, such as a video game and generates display data, such as audio and/or video display data, that can be transferred to displaydevice 125 for display. The display device can be a television, monitor, or display screen, with or without corresponding audio production equipment, that is either integrated ingame device 115 or connected togame device 115 via a port such as a video, multimedia or graphics port.Communication device 117 can operate as a game controller, joystick, remote controller, simulated sword, simulated gun, or be a simulated helmet, a vest, a hat, shoes, socks, pants, shorts, gloves, racquet, paddle, bat, musical instrument, or other gaming object to producegaming data 66 to interact with the game. Gaming data can be game commands and preferences, user selections, authentication data control data, motion data or other data associated with a user's access to, set-up, and operation of a game. In this fashion, a user can operatecommunication device 117 as a wireless telephone to place and receive telephone calls, surf the Web or download ringtones, etc. In addition, the user can operatecommunication device 117 in a gaming mode of operation to interact with one or more games provided bygame device 115. - In an embodiment of the present invention, the wireless telephony receiver of
communication device 117 communicates directly with a compatible transceiver or receiver included ingame device 115. Given the proximity of these devices during normal gaming conditions, the wireless telephony transceiver ofcommunication device 117 adjusts its transmit power to a low power state in the gaming mode of operation so that, when sending thegaming data 66, thecommunication device 117 reduces possible interference with the base station or access point 118 and other devices and further operates with reduced power consumption. In one mode of operation, the wireless telephony receiver ofgame device 115 can likewise send other gaming data back tocommunication device 117 in conjunction with the set-up and operation of a game, the establishment of communication between thegame device 115 and thecommunication device 117, the authentication of a user ofcommunication device 117, etc. This other gaming data can further include display data for display on the display device ofcommunication device 117. When communicating signals or other gaming data back tocommunication device 115,game device 115 can likewise operate in a low power state, either permanently or on a case-by-case basis, to avoid interference with the base station or access point 118 and other devices. -
FIG. 5 presents a pictorial block diagram representation of acommunication device 117 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In particular, an embodiment is shown that includes similar elements from the embodiment ofFIG. 4 that are referred to by common reference numerals. As discussed in conjunction withFIG. 4 ,communication device 117 can operate in a telephony mode of operation and communicate with network, such asnetwork 119, via a base station or access point 118. In addition, the wireless telephony transceiver ofcommunication device 117 can, in a gaming mode of operation, send data to and/or receive data from thegame device 115. - In this embodiment however,
game device 115 is itself coupled to anetwork 119 via a narrow or broadband modem, network card or other interface that is capable of transceiving data with thenetwork 119 on a wireless or wired basis. In this fashion, thegame device 115 can operate in conjunction withcommunication device 117 to select gaming applications that are stored onnetwork 119 either by downloading and executing these gaming application or by executing these applications on a gaming server or other device coupled tonetwork 119. In this fashion, the user ofcommunication device 117 andgaming device 115 can access a wider variety of games, receive game updates engage in multiplayer games, and execute gaming applications based on data received fromnetwork 119. - In another mode of operation,
game device 115 can obtain conditional access information via thenetwork 119. For instance,game device 115 can be located in an arcade or other public location where many users may access the game device. Users of communication devices, such ascommunication device 117, can subscriber to a service, either for a limited period or on an on-going basis, that allows the user to access thegame device 115 in order to play one or more games. During an initial exchange betweencommunication device 117 andgame device 115gaming data 66 is provided togame device 115 that includes passwords, logon identifiers or other conditional access data that can be authenticated bygame device 115 vianetwork 119 prior to allowing the user ofcommunication device 117 to play the game. -
FIG. 6 presents a pictorial block diagram representation of acommunication device 117 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In particular, an embodiment is shown that includes similar elements from the embodiments ofFIGS. 4-5 that are referred to by common reference numerals. As discussed in conjunction withFIG. 4 ,communication device 117 can operate in a telephony mode of operation and communicate with network, such asnetwork 119, via a base station or access point 118. In addition, the wireless telephony transceiver ofcommunication device 117 can, in a gaming mode of operation, send gaming data to and/or receive data from thegame device 115. - In this embodiment,
communication device 117 can further operate in a gaming mode of operation to send thegaming data 66 to thegaming device 115 by transmitting radio frequency signals via its wireless telephony transceiver to base station or access point 118 for communication withgame device 115 overnetwork 119. In particular, in implementations wheregame device 115 either does not include its own wireless telephony receiver or transceiver or thecommunication device 117 is out of range of the wireless telephony transceiver or receiver ofgame device 115,communication device 117 can nevertheless interact with thegame device 115 to play a game. - As in the embodiment of
FIG. 5 ,game device 115 is itself coupled to anetwork 119 via a narrow or broadband modem, network card or other interface that is capable of transceiving data with thenetwork 119 on a wireless or wired basis. In this fashion, thecommunication device 117 can interact withnetwork 119 to accessgame device 115. For example, during an initial exchange betweencommunication device 117 andnetwork 119gaming data 66 is provided to network 119 to select a game device that is coupled tonetwork 119, such asgame device 115. Thegaming data 66 can include passwords, logon identifiers or other conditional access data that can be authenticated by eithernetwork 119 orgame device 115 prior to allowing the user ofcommunication device 117 to play a game. -
FIG. 7 presents a pictorial block diagram representation of acommunication device 117 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In particular, an embodiment is shown that includes similar elements from the embodiments ofFIGS. 4-6 that are referred to by common reference numerals. As discussed in conjunction withFIG. 4 ,communication device 117 can operate in a telephony mode of operation and communicate with network, such asnetwork 119, via a base station or access point 118. However in this embodiment,game device 115′ is a game server or other device that is coupled tonetwork 119 that runs a game, such as a video game and interacts withcommunication device 117 viagaming data 66. In this embodiment,communication device 117 can further operate in a gaming mode of operation to send thegaming data 66 to thegaming device 115 by transmitting radio frequency signals via its wireless telephony transceiver to base station or access point 118 for communication withgame device 115 overnetwork 119.Game device 115′ further generatesdisplay data 68, such as audio, video and/or multimedia display data, that can be transferred to back to thecommunication device 117 for display on the display device associated therewith. - As in the example presented in conjunction with
FIG. 7 , during an initial exchange betweencommunication device 117 andnetwork 119,gaming data 66 is provided to network 119 to select a game device that is coupled tonetwork 119, such asgame device 115′. Thegaming data 66 can include passwords, logon identifiers or other conditional access data that can be authenticated by eithernetwork 119 orgame device 115′ prior to allowing the user ofcommunication device 117 to play a game. -
FIG. 8 presents a pictorial block diagram representation of acommunication device 117 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In particular, an embodiment is shown that includes similar elements from the embodiments ofFIGS. 4-6 that are referred to by common reference numerals. In this embodiment however,game device 115′ generates thedisplay data 68 for display on a device, such aspersonal computer 129, that is separate fromcommunication device 117 and is also capable of accessinggame device 115′ via base station or access point 118 vianetwork 119. While shown as apersonal computer 129, the other device can similarly be implemented via a home game console, network coupled television or monitor, arcade game device or other device having a compatible display device for displayingdisplay data 68 and further for communicating withnetwork 119 on a wired or wireless basis. - In this embodiment, an initial exchange can take place between either
communication device 117 orpersonal computer 129 to accessgame device 115′, to optionally authenticate the user, to set up the game and further to identify thecommunication device 117 as the source ofgaming data 66 and the destination for other gaming data and thepersonal computer 129 as the destination fordisplay data 68. -
FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an integrated circuit in accordance with the present invention. In particular, an RF integrated circuit (IC) 50 is shown that implementscommunication device 10, such ascommunication device 117 in conjunction with actuator,microphone 60, keypad/keyboard 58,memory 54,speaker 62,display 56,camera 76,antenna interface 52 andwireline port 64. In operation,RF IC 50 includes a multi-mode transceiver/GPS receiver 73 having RF and baseband modules for receivingGPS signals 43 and further a wireless telephony receiver for transmitting and receiving data RF real-time data 26 and non-real-time data 24 via anantenna interface 52 and antenna. The antenna can be a fixed antenna, a single-input single-output (SISO) antenna, a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna, a diversity antenna system, an antenna array or other antenna configuration that optionally allows the beam shape, gain, polarization or other antenna parameters to be controlled. - As previously discussed, the multimode transceiver/
GPS receiver 73 can operate in a telephony mode where the real-time data 26 and/or non-real-time data 24 include telephony data communicated with a telephony network. Multimode transceiver/GPS receiver 73 can further operate and in a gaming mode of operation where the real-time data 26 and/or non-real-time data 24 includegaming data 66,display data 68 and other data. As will be discussed further multi-mode transceiver/GPS receiver 73 for receiving and processing GPS signals in conjunction with either the telephony mode of operation, the gaming mode of operation or further in a dedicated GPS mode of operation fur use ofcommunication device 10 in GPS positioning, navigation or other services. - In addition,
RF IC 50 includes input/output module 71 that includes the appropriate interfaces, drivers, encoders and decoders for communicating via thewireline connection 28 viawireline port 64, an optional memory interface for communicating with off-chip memory 54, a codec for encoding voice signals frommicrophone 60 into digital voice signals, a keypad/keyboard interface for generating data from keypad/keyboard 58 in response to the actions of a user, a display driver for drivingdisplay 56, such as by rendering a color video signal, text, graphics, or other display data, and an audio driver such as an audio amplifier for drivingspeaker 62 and one or more other interfaces, such as for interfacing with thecamera 76 or the other peripheral devices. - The
actuator 48 can be a sensor such as a joy-stick or thumb wheel. Further theactuator 48 can include a photosensor that generates gaming data based on an optical signal from a video display such as a video display associated ingame console 115 or separate video display that operates based ondisplay data 68. In this fashion, the optical signal can be used to generate data that represents position or orientation of thecommunication device 10. For instance, the optic sensor used oncommunication device 10 can generate optical feedback to determine if the communication device is pointed at particular object on the screen for games involving simulated guns, or objects whose orientation is important to the game and/or for use of thecommunication device 10 as a pointing device for selecting on-screen selections in conjunction with a user interface. - In operation,
communication device 10 can generate gaming data, such asgaming data 66 in response to a user's interaction withmicrophone 60,actuator 48, keypad/keyboard 58, to provide game commands and preferences, user selections, authentication data, control data or other data associated with a user's access to, set-up, and operation of a game. - Power management circuit (PMU) 95 includes one or more DC-DC converters, voltage regulators, current regulators or other power supplies for supplying the
RF IC 50 and optionally the other components ofcommunication device 10 and/or its peripheral devices with supply voltages and or currents (collectively power supply signals) that may be required to power these devices.Power management circuit 95 can operate from one or more batteries, line power, an inductive power received from a remote device, a piezoelectric source that generates power in response to motion of the integrated circuit and/or from other power sources, not shown. In particular, power management module can selectively supply power supply signals of different voltages, currents or current limits or with adjustable voltages, currents or current limits in response to power mode signals received from theRF IC 50. While shown as an off-chip module,PMU 95 can alternatively implemented as an on-chip circuit. - In addition,
RF IC 50 and is coupled to amotion sensor 175 that generates motion signals in response to motion of the mobile communication device. The GPS receiver of multi-mode transceiver/GPS receiver 73 receives GPS signals and generates GPS position data based on these GPS signals. Motiondata generation module 55 generates motion data based on the motion signals and/or the GPS position data that can be included ingaming data 66 in the gaming mode of operation, that can be used in support of the telephony and GPS modes of operation. Various implementations of motion data generation module including many optional functions and features are presented in conjunction withFIGS. 12-18 and/orFIGS. 36-38 or as otherwise described herein. -
Motion sensor 175 can be implemented via one or more one, two or three-axis accelerometers or one or more on-chip gyrating circuits implemented with microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology to form a piezoelectric gyroscope, a vibrating wheel gyroscope, a tuning fork gyroscope, a hemispherical resonator gyroscope, or a rotating wheel gyroscope that responds to inertial forces, such as Coriolis acceleration or linear acceleration, in one, two or three axes to generate motion data, such as a velocity vector in one, two or three dimensions and/or one, two or three orientations. - While
motion sensor 175 is shown as a off-chip component and motiondata generation module 55 is shown as being implemented on-chip, either of these units can be implemented either on-chip or off-chip, depending on the implementation. - In operation, the multi-mode transceiver/
GPS receiver 73 generates an outbound RF signal from outbound data and generates inbound data from an inbound RF signal. Further,processing module 225 is coupled to themotion sensor 175, when included, and the dual mode transceiver/GPS receiver 73, and processes position information, generates the outbound data that includes the position information or motion data, and receives the inbound data that optionally includes data from a remote access point/base station to modify transmit and/or receive parameters in response to the position information that was transmitted. - As discussed in conjunction with
FIGS. 3 and 4 , thecommunication device 10, places and receives wireless calls through a wireless telephone network and/or a IP telephone system, via a base station, access point or other communication portal, operates through command by theprocessing module 225 to either respond directly to motion data, such asmotion data 113, it generates frommotion sensor 175 and/or the GPS receiver to control the transmit and receive characteristics oftransceiver 73 or to respond to control data, such ascontrol data 99 received from an access point or other station to control the transmit and receive characteristics oftransceiver 73. - For example, if the
communication device 10 determines it is moving out of range, it can increase its power level, and steer its antenna beam in the direction of the access point and/or modify other protocol parameters to compensate for a possible lowering of signal to noise ratio, modify its receiver sensitivity, etc. In addition, position information generated by GPS receiver and/ormotion sensor 175 can be included in the outbound RF signal sent to a telephone network to support a 911 call such as an E911 emergency call. - In an embodiment of the present invention, the
RF IC 50 is a system on a chip integrated circuit that includes at least one processing device. Such a processing device, for instance,processing module 225, may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on operational instructions. The associated memory may be a single memory device or a plurality of memory devices that are either on-chip or off-chip such asmemory 54. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that when theRF IC 50 implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the associated memory storing the corresponding operational instructions for this circuitry is embedded with the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry. Motiondata generation module 55, multi-mode transceiver/GPS receiver 73, and I/O module 71 can be implemented via hardware, or software and/or firmware operating in conjunction withprocessing module 225. - In further operation, the
RF IC 50 executes operational instructions that implement one or more of the applications (real-time or non-real-time) attributed tocommunication devices FIGS. 1-8 . -
FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an integrated circuit in accordance with the present invention. In particular,FIG. 10 presents acommunication device 30 that includes many common elements ofFIG. 9 that are referred to by common reference numerals.RF IC 70 is similar toRF IC 50 and is capable of any of the applications, functions and features attributed toRF IC 50. However,RF IC 70 includes aseparate wireless transceiver 75 for transmitting and receivingRF data 40 and RF voice signals 42, such as real-time data 26 and/or non-real-time data 24 and further aseparate GPS receiver 77 for receiving GPS signals 43. - In operation, the
RF IC 70 executes operational instructions that implement one or more of the applications (real-time or non-real-time) attributed tocommunication devices FIG. 1-9 . -
FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an integrated circuit in accordance with the present invention. In particular,FIG. 11 presents acommunication device 30′ that includes many common elements ofFIG. 10 that are referred to by common reference numerals.RF IC 70′ is similar toRF IC 70 and is capable of any of the applications, functions and features attributed toRF ICs FIGS. 1-10 . However,RF IC 70′ operates in conjunction with an off-chip GPS receiver 77′ for receiving GPS signals 43. - In operation, the
RF IC 70′ executes operational instructions that implement one or more of the applications (real-time or non-real-time) attributed tocommunication devices FIGS. 1-10 . -
FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of aGPS receiver 210 used to generate position in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment,GPS receiver 210, such asGPS receiver multi-mode receiver 73 generatesposition information 186 that can be used bycommunication devices gaming data 66 and optionally to control its own operation and/or to send to remote devices such asaccess point 110, a base station, telephone network or system, etc. for other purposes. - In particular, global positioning system (GPS)
receiver 210 receives a GPS signal and that generatesGPS position data 212 based on the GPS signal.GPS receiver 210 generates GPS position data and GPSdata quality signal 216. In operation,GPS receiver 210 is coupled to recover a plurality of coarse/acquisition (C/A) signals and a plurality of navigation messages from received GPS signals 43. TheGPS receiver 210 utilizes the C/A signals and the navigations messages to determine the position of the communication device. - In an embodiment of the present invention, motion
data generation module 55 is implemented via sample and holdmodule 180 andweighting module 184. While sample and holdmodule 180 andweighting module 184 are shown as discrete modules, in an embodiment of the present invention, these modules can also be implemented in hardware, software or firmware using a processor such asprocessing module 225 or other processing elements. - In particular,
GPS receiver 210 generates one or more clock signals. The clock signal(s) may also be used by theGPS receiver 210 to determine the communication device's position.GPS receiver 210 determines a time delay for at least some of the plurality of C/A signals in accordance with the at least one clock signal. The GPS receiver calculates a distance to a corresponding plurality of satellites of the at least some of the plurality of C/A signals based on the time delays for the at least some of the plurality of C/A signals. In other words, for eachGPS signal 43 received, which are received from different satellites, theGPS receiver 210 calculates a time delay with respect to each satellite that the communication device is receiving a GPS RF signal from, or a subset thereof. For instance, theGPS receiver 210 identifies each satellite's signal by its distinct C/A code pattern, then measures the time delay for each satellite. To do this, the receiver produces an identical C/A sequence using the same seed number as the satellite. By lining up the two sequences, the receiver can measure the delay and calculate the distance to the satellite, called the pseudorange. Note that overlapping pseudoranges may be represented as curves, which are modified to yield the probable position. -
GPS receiver 210 can calculate the position of the corresponding plurality of satellites based on corresponding navigation messages of the plurality of navigation messages. For example, theGPS receiver 210 uses the orbital position data of the navigation message to calculate the satellite's position. TheGPS receiver 210 can determine the location of theRF IC communication device GPS receiver 210 can determine it's location to be somewhere on the surface of an imaginary sphere centered on that satellite and whose radius is the distance to it. When four satellites are measured simultaneously, the intersection of the four imaginary spheres reveals the location of the receiver. Often, these spheres will overlap slightly instead of meeting at one point, so the receiver will yield a mathematically most-probable position that can be output asGPS position data 212. In addition,GPS receiver 210 can determine the amount of uncertainty in the calculation that is output as theGPS data quality 216. In the event that theGPS receiver 210 loses lock or otherwise receives insufficient signal from enough satellites to generate a GPS of even minimal accuracy, a minimum value of theGPS data quality 216 can be assigned. A transmitindicator 238 is generated when a wireless transceiver section such as a wireless telephone receiver, wireless LAN transceiver or other wire transceiver transmits by generating an outbound RF signal from an outbound symbol stream. A minimum value of theGPS data quality 216 can also be assigned when the transmitindicator 238 is asserted, and the when the transmit indicator is deasserted, the calculated GPS data quality can be used asGPS data quality 216. - It should be noted that the
GPS data quality 216 can include a binary value that has a first value that indicates the quality of the GPS data is greater than some minimum quality and a second value that indicates that either the transmitindicator 238 has been asserted or that the data quality is otherwise below some minimum value due to poor signal strength, loss of satellite reception, etc. Further, theGPS data quality 216 can be a multi-valued signal, that includes separate indications of signal quality including multiple quality levels, with or without a separate transmission indication. - In operation, the
GPS position data 212 is weighted with a first weighting factor when the wireless transceiver section is generating the outbound RF signal to produce first weighted GPS position data. In addition, the GPS position data is weighted with a second weighting factor when the wireless telephone transceiver section is not generating the outbound RF signal to produce second weighted GPS position data, wherein the first weighting factor is less than the second weighting factor.Position information 186 is generated based on at least one of the first and second weighted GPS position data. - In an embodiment, a sample and hold
module 180 stores a prior value of theGPS position data 212. When the transmitindicator 238 is deasserted and theGPS data quality 216 indicates an acceptable level of accuracy,weight module 184 weights theGPS position data 212 by a weighting factor that is one or substantially one and the output of the sample and holdmodule 180 is weighted by a weighting factor that is zero or substantially zero. In this case, theposition information 186 is equal to or substantially theGPS position data 212. When the transmitindicator 238 is asserted as reflected in a minimum value ofGPS data quality 216 or other indication, the value of the prior GPS position data is held—frozen at the last value before the transmit indicator was asserted or the last position that is known to include accurate position data. Theweight module 184 weights the GPS position data by a weighting factor that is zero or substantially zero and the output of the sample and holdmodule 180 is weighted by a weighting factor that is one or substantially one. In this case, theposition information 186 is equal to or substantially the prior GPS position data value held by the sample and holdmodule 180. -
FIG. 13 is a graphical representation of position information determined in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, an example ofposition information 186 is shown on a graph, in map/Cartesian coordinates, of position information that progresses from times t1-t8, corresponding to sample times or other discrete intervals used to generate and/or updateposition information 186. While theposition information 186 is shown in two-dimensions, three-dimensional position data can likewise be generated. - The first three times t1-t3, position data is derived from GPS position data such as
GPS position data 212. In this example, transmitindicator 238 is asserted for times t4-t5. At time t4, the GPS position data may be unreliable or inaccurate. In response to the assertion of the transmitindicator 238, the sample and holdmodule 180 holds theGPS position data 212 from time t3 and the weighting module adjusts the weighting, so that theposition information 186 for time t4, and for the remaining duration of the time that transmitindicator 238 is asserted t5 is equal to the prior GPS position data at time t3. In this example, at time t6, theGPS data quality 216 reflects unacceptable data quality, for instance due to the time required for theGPS receiver 210 to recover from the dropout caused by transmission during the time period t4-t5. In this case, the sample and holdmodule 180 continues to holds theGPS position data 212 from time t3 and the weighting module retains the weightings from time t4-t5 and theposition information 186 at time t6 is also equal to the prior GPS position data at time t3. At time t7 and t8, when the transmitindicator 238 is deasserted, and the GPS position data again becomes reliable, the GPS position data is used to generate the position information. -
FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of aGPS receiver 210 used to generate position in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment,GPS receiver 210, such asGPS receiver multi-mode receiver 73 generatesposition information 186 that can be used bycommunication devices gaming data 66, to control its own operation or to otherwise send to remote devices such asaccess point 110, a base station, telephone network or system, etc. In particular, GPS velocity data is generated bydifference module 214 based on the difference between successive samples ofGPS position data 212. This GPS velocity data is held by sample and holdmodule 181 and used to estimate future positions based on the last know position and the last know velocity in the case of a dropout caused by either the assertion of the transmitindicator 238 or an otherwise unacceptableGPS data quality 216. In particular, in case of a dropout, priorGPS position data 216 is held by sample and holdmodule 180 and used as the initial condition forintegrator 190. Prior GPS velocity data held by sample and holdmodule 181 is integrated during a dropout to form estimated position data that is weighted with a 1 during a dropout, while the GPS position data is weighted zero to formposition information 192. After a dropout ceases andaccurate GPS data 212 returns, the weighting module weights theGPS position data 212 with a 1 and the estimated position data with a zero to formposition information 192. - In an embodiment of the present invention, motion
data generation module 55 is implemented via sample and holdmodules difference module 214,integrator 190 andweighting module 184 that can be implemented in hardware, software or firmware using a processor such asprocessing module 225 or other processing elements. -
FIG. 15 is a graphical representation of position information determined in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, an example ofposition information 192 is shown on a graph, in map/Cartesian coordinates, of position information that progresses from times t1-t8, corresponding to sample times or other discrete intervals used to generate and/or updateposition information 192. While theposition information 192 is shown in two-dimensions, three-dimensional position data can likewise be generated. - The first three times, position data is derived from GPS position data such as
GPS position data 212. In this example, transmitindicator 238 is asserted for times t4-t5. At time t4, the GPS position data may be unreliable or inaccurate. In response to the assertion of the transmitindicator 238, the sample and holdmodule 180 holds theGPS position data 212 from time t3 and the sample and hold 181 holds the velocity at t3 to form an estimated velocity vector. Theintegrator 190 generates estimated position data at times t4-t6 based on the position and velocity at time at time t3. The weighting module adjusts the weighting for time t4, and for the remaining duration of the time that transmitindicator 238 is asserted and the dropout condition further persists, so that the estimated position data is weighted and theGPS position data 212 is deweighted in determiningposition information 192. At time t7 and t8, when the transmitindicator 238 is deasserted and the GPS position data again becomes reliable, theGPS position data 212 is used to generate the position information. -
FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of a gyratingcircuit 200 andGPS receiver 210 used to generate position and velocity information in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, gyratingcircuit 200, such asmotion sensor 175 andGPS receiver 210, such asGPS receiver multi-mode receiver 73 cooperate to generateposition information 230 andvelocity information 232 that can be used bycommunication devices gaming data 66, to control its own operation or otherwise to send to remote devices such asaccess point 110, a base station, telephone network or system, etc. - In particular, an embodiment of motion
data generation module 55 is shown whereGPS receiver 210 generates GPS position data and GPSdata quality signal 216 that includes or is otherwise based on transmitindicator 238 as previously discussed in conjunction withFIGS. 12-15 . At the same time, gyratingcircuit 200 generates amotion vector 202 that is integrated byintegrator 204 based on aninitial condition 208 that is either its own priorestimated position data 206 or the priorGPS position data 212. By adding themotion vector 202 to the prior position, new estimatedposition data 206 can be generated. - In this embodiment, the
GPS data quality 216 is compared with a value, such asquality threshold 218 that corresponds to a level of quality that is roughly on par with accuracy of position information that can be estimated using thegyrator circuit 200. If theGPS data quality 216 compares favorably to the quality threshold, theposition information 230 is selected bymultiplexer 222 as theGPS position data 212 in response to theselection signal 215 fromcomparator 217. When theGPS data quality 216 compares unfavorably to thequality threshold 218, such as during a dropout condition and/or a time when transmitindicator 238 is asserted, theselection signal 215 fromcomparator 217 selects theposition information 230 from the estimatedposition data 206. The estimatedposition data 206 is initially generated from the prior (good) value of the GPS position data 212 (delayed by delay 221) and thecurrent motion vector 202. If the dropout condition persists, theintegrator 204 generates new estimatedposition data 206 based on thecurrent motion vector 202 and the priorestimated position 206, as selected bymultiplexer 220 in response toselection signal 215. While anintegrator 204 is shown in this configuration, low-corner frequency low-pass filters, integrators with additional filtration and/or other filter configurations could likewise be employed. For instance, estimatedposition data 206 can be generated based on a filtered difference between current motion vector values and either pastGPS position data 212 or past estimatedposition data 206, to provide more accurate estimates, to reject noise and/or to otherwise smooth theestimated position data 206. - In a similar fashion,
velocity information 232 is generated either from the gyratingcircuit 200 or from theGPS receiver 210. In particular, when theGPS data quality 216 compares favorably toquality threshold 218,velocity information 232 is selected from adifference module 214 that generates a velocity from the difference between successive values of theGPS position data 212. If however, theGPS data quality 216 compares unfavorably to thequality threshold 218, thevelocity information 232 is selected instead from themotion vector 202. - While shown in a schematic block diagram as separate modules, the
integrator 204,difference module 214,comparator 217, andmultiplexers processing module 225 either in hardware, firmware or software. -
FIG. 17 is a graphical representation of position information determined in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular,position information 230 is shown that shows a graph, in map/Cartesian coordinates, of position information that progresses from times t1-t8, corresponding to sample times or other discrete intervals used to generate and/or updateposition information 230. While theposition information 230 is shown in two-dimensions, three-dimensional position data can likewise be generated. - The first three times, position data is derived from GPS position data such as
GPS position data 212. The velocity information, as shown for this interval, is GPS velocity data that is derived by the difference between the GPS position data. In this example, a GPS signal dropout covers times t4-t6 due to poor signal quality, the assertion of transmitindicator 238, etc. At time t4, the GPS position data may be unreliable or inaccurate, so the new position is estimated position data that is generated from the prior GPS position data at time t3, and updated by the current motion vector, such asmotion vector 202 from the gyrating circuit. At times t5 and t6, the GPS position data still may be unreliable or inaccurate, so the new position is estimated position data that is generated from the prior GPS position data (in this case prior estimated positions), updated by the current motion vector. At time t7 and t8, when the GPS position data again becomes reliable, the GPS position data is used to generate the position information. -
FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of a gyratingcircuit 200 andGPS receiver 210 used to generate position and velocity information in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In particular, an embodiment of motiondata generation module 55 is shown that includes similar elements fromFIG. 17 that are referred to by common reference numerals. In this embodiment however, data from the gyratingcircuit 200 andGPS receiver 210 are blended, based on theGPS data quality 216. In particular,weighting modules position information 230, thevelocity information 232 and theinitial condition 208 based on a weighted average of the GPS and gyrator produced values, wherein the weighting coefficients are dynamically chosen based on theGPS data quality 216. - For instance, for the value of the
GPS data quality 216 corresponding to the highest accuracy GPS data and the transmitindicator 238 is deasserted, the weighting coefficients can be chosen to maximize the weight of theGPS position 212, and to minimize the weight of the estimatedposition data 206 in calculating theinitial condition 208 and theposition information 230 and further to maximize the weight of theGPS velocity data 224, and to minimize the weight of themotion vector 202 in calculating thevelocity information 232. Further, for the value of the GPS data quality corresponding to the lowest accuracy GPS data (including a dropout condition, and/or a time when transmitindicator 238 is asserted), the weighting coefficients can be chosen to minimize the weight of theGPS position 212, and to maximize the weight of the estimatedposition data 206 in calculating theinitial condition 208 and theposition information 230 and further to minimize the weight of theGPS velocity data 224, and to maximize the weight of themotion vector 202 in calculating thevelocity information 232. Also, for intermediate values of theGPS data quality 216, intermediate weighting values could be used that blend the GPS data with the data derived from the gyrating circuit to generate more robust estimates of these values. -
FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment ofRF transceiver 135 andGPS receiver 187 in accordance with the present invention. TheRF transceiver 135, such astransceiver 75 includes anRF transmitter 139, and anRF receiver 137. TheRF receiver 137 includes a RFfront end 140, adown conversion module 142 and areceiver processing module 144. TheRF transmitter 139 includes atransmitter processing module 146, an upconversion module 148, and a radio transmitter front-end 150. - As shown, the receiver and transmitter are each coupled to an antenna through an off-
chip antenna interface 171 and a diplexer (duplexer) 177, that couples the transmitsignal 155 to the antenna to produceoutbound RF signal 170 and couplesinbound signal 152 to produce receivedsignal 153. Alternatively, a transmit/receive switch can be used in place ofdiplexer 177. While a single antenna is represented, the receiver and transmitter may share a multiple antenna structure that includes two or more antennas. In another embodiment, the receiver and transmitter may share a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna structure, diversity antenna structure, phased array or other controllable antenna structure that includes a plurality of antennas. Each of these antennas may be fixed, programmable, and antenna array or other antenna configuration. Also, the antenna structure of the wireless transceiver may depend on the particular standard(s) to which the wireless transceiver is compliant and the applications thereof. - In operation, the transmitter receives
outbound data 162 that includes non-realtime data or real-time data including gaming data in a gaming mode of operation, from a host device, such ascommunication device 10 or other source via thetransmitter processing module 146. Thetransmitter processing module 146 processes theoutbound data 162 in accordance with a particular wireless communication standard that can include a cellular data or voice protocol, a WLAN protocol, piconet protocol or other wireless protocol such as IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, RFID, GSM, CDMA, et cetera) to produce baseband or low intermediate frequency (IF) transmit (TX) signals 164 that includes an outbound symbol stream that containsoutbound data 162. The baseband or low IF TX signals 164 may be digital baseband signals (e.g., have a zero IF) or digital low IF signals, where the low IF typically will be in a frequency range of one hundred kilohertz to a few megahertz. Note that the processing performed by thetransmitter processing module 146 can include, but is not limited to, scrambling, encoding, puncturing, mapping, modulation, and/or digital baseband to IF conversion. - The up
conversion module 148 includes a digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) module, a filtering and/or gain module, and a mixing section. The DAC module converts the baseband or low IF TX signals 164 from the digital domain to the analog domain. The filtering and/or gain module filters and/or adjusts the gain of the analog signals prior to providing it to the mixing section. The mixing section converts the analog baseband or low IF signals into up-convertedsignals 166 based on a transmitter local oscillation 168. - The radio transmitter
front end 150 includes a power amplifier and may also include a transmit filter module. The power amplifier amplifies the up-convertedsignals 166 to produce outbound RF signals 170, which may be filtered by the transmitter filter module, if included. The antenna structure transmits the outbound RF signals 170 to a targeted device such as a RF tag, base station, an access point and/or another wireless communication device via anantenna interface 171 coupled to an antenna that provides impedance matching and optional bandpass filtration. - The receiver receives inbound RF signals 152, that may include display data, other gaming data of other real-time or non-real-time data, via the antenna and off-
chip antenna interface 171 that operates to process the inbound RF signal 152 into receivedsignal 153 for the receiver front-end 140. In general,antenna interface 171 provides impedance matching of antenna to the RF front-end 140, optional bandpass filtration of theinbound RF signal 152 and optionally controls the configuration of the antenna in response to one ormore control signals 141 generated by processingmodule 225. - The down
conversion module 142 includes a mixing section, an analog to digital conversion (ADC) module, and may also include a filtering and/or gain module. The mixing section converts the desired RF signal 154 into a down convertedsignal 156 that is based on a receiver local oscillation 158, such as an analog baseband or low IF signal. The ADC module converts the analog baseband or low IF signal into a digital baseband or low IF signal. The filtering and/or gain module high pass and/or low pass filters the digital baseband or low IF signal to produce a baseband or low IFsignal 156 that includes a inbound symbol stream. Note that the ordering of the ADC module and filtering and/or gain module may be switched, such that the filtering and/or gain module is an analog module. - The
receiver processing module 144 processes the baseband or low IFsignal 156 in accordance with a particular wireless communication standard that can include a cellular data or voice protocol, a WLAN protocol, piconet protocol or other wireless protocol such as IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, RFID, GSM, CDMA, et cetera) to produceinbound data 160 that can include non-realtime data, realtime data an control data. The processing performed by thereceiver processing module 144 can include, but is not limited to, digital intermediate frequency to baseband conversion, demodulation, demapping, depuncturing, decoding, and/or descrambling. -
GPS receiver 187, such asGPS receiver 77, includes an RF front-end 140′ and downconversion module 142′ that operates in a similar fashion to the modules described in conjunction withRF receiver 137, however, to receive and convert GPS RF signals 143 into a plurality of down converted GPS signals 159. Note that the GPS RF signals 143 may be one or more of: an L1 band at 1575.42 MHz, which includes a mix of navigation messages, coarse-acquisition (C/A) codes, and/or encryption precision P(Y) codes; an L2 band at 1227.60 MHz, which includes P(Y) codes and may also include an L2C code; and/or an L5 band at 1176.45 MHz. Further note that the GPS RF signals 143 can include an RF signal from a plurality of satellites (e.g., up to 20 different GPS satellites RF signals may be received).GPS processing module 144′ operates on the down convertedsignal 159 to generateGPS data 163, such asGPS position data 212 and GPSdata quality signal 216 and/or other GPS data. -
Processing module 225 includes circuitry, software and/or firmware that generates transmitindicator 238 that is either used internally for supplied toGPS processing module 144′, and motion data, such asmotion data 113,position information velocity information 232, frommotion parameters 161, such asmotion vector 202 andGPS data 163, such asGPS position data 212. As previously described,processing module 225 optionally includes this motion data inoutbound data 162 to be transmitted to a remote station such asaccess point 110, base station, telephone network, etc. In an embodiment of the present invention, theprocessing module 225 includes circuitry as described in conjunction with previous embodiments and/or other hardware, software or firmware. - In
addition processing module 225 optionally includes circuitry, software and/or firmware that generates control signals 141 from either the motion data or control data, such ascontrol data 115, received ininbound data 160 from a remote station such asaccess point 110. In operation,processing module 225 generates control signals 141 to modify the transmit and/or receiver parameters of theRF transceiver 125 such as the protocol parameters or protocols used byreceiver processing module 144 andtransmitter processing module 146, antenna configurations used byantenna interface 171 to set the beam pattern, gain, polarization or other antenna configuration of the antenna, transmit power levels used by radio transmitter front-end 150 and receiver parameters, such as receiver sensitivity used by RF front-ends RF receiver 137 and theGPS receiver 187. - In an embodiment of the present invention,
processing module 225 includes a look-up table, software algorithm, or circuitry that generates the desired control signals 141 based on the particular motion data or control data. In this fashion, theprocessing module 225 can operate adjust a receive parameter based on the receive control signal, such as a receiver sensitivity, a protocol selection, a data rate, a packet length, a data payload length, a coding parameter, a contention period, and/or a back-off parameter. Further, the processing module can operate to modify an in-air beamforming phase, a diversity antenna selection, an antenna gain, a polarization antenna selection, a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna structure, and/or a single-input single-output (SISO) antenna structure of theantenna 171. In addition, theprocessing module 225 can operate to adjust a transmit parameter such as a transmit power, a protocol selection, a data rate, a packet length, a data payload length, a coding parameter, a contention period, and a back-off parameter. - In addition,
processing module 225 can optionally access a look-up table, algorithm, database or other data structure that includes a list or data sufficient to define one or more restricted areas where either the operation of thecommunication device communication device RF transceiver 137 or just theRF transmitter 127 could be disabled by processingmodule 225 via one ormore control lines 141 in accordance with the corresponding restriction in place for this particular restricted area. - In an embodiment of the present invention,
receiver processing module 144,GPS processing module 144′ andtransmitter processing module 146 can be implemented via use of a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on operational instructions. The associated memory may be a single memory device or a plurality of memory devices that are either on-chip or off-chip such asmemory 54. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that when the these processing devices implement one or more of their functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the associated memory storing the corresponding operational instructions for this circuitry is embedded with the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry. - While the
processing module 144,GPS processing module 144′,transmitter processing module 146, andprocessing module 225 are shown separately, it should be understood that these elements could be implemented separately, together through the operation of one or more shared processing devices or in combination of separate and shared processing. -
FIG. 20 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment ofRF transceiver 135′ and withmulti-mode receiver 137′ in accordance with the present invention. In particular,RF transceiver 135′ includes many similar elements ofRF transceiver 135 that are referred to by common reference numerals. However,RF receiver 137′ operates as a multi-ode device, combining the functionality ofRF receiver 137 andGPS receiver 187 to produce inbound data/GPS data 160″ as either inbound data 160 (in a either telephony mode or gaming mode) or GPS data 163 (in either telephony mode, gaming mode or GPS mode). In this fashion, RFfront end 140″ and downconversion module 142″ can be configured based one of the control signals 141 to operate as either RFfront end 140 and downconversion module 142 to receive and down convert inbound RF signal 153 or as RFfront end 140′ and downconversion module 142′ to receive and convertinbound GPS signal 143 as described in conjunction withFIG. 10 . - In addition
receiver processing module 144″ further includes the functionality ofreceiver processing module 144 and additional GPS processing functionality ofGPS processing module 144′ to similarly operate based on the selected mode of operation. -
FIG. 21 is a side view of a pictorial representation of an integrated circuit package in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. RF IC 330, such asRF IC motion sensor 175 and an RF system on a chip (SoC) die 312 that includes the remaining elements ofRF IC substrate 306, andbonding pads 318. This figure is not drawn to scale, rather it is meant to be a pictorial representation that illustrates the juxtaposition of the RF SoC die 312, gyrator die 314 and thesubstrate 306. RF SoC die 312 and gyrator die are coupled to one another and to respective ones of thebonding pads 318 using bonding wires, bonding pads and/or by other connections. -
FIG. 22 is a side view of a pictorial representation of an integrated circuit package in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.RF IC 332 is similar to the configuration described in conjunction withFIG. 21 is presented with similar elements referred to by common reference numerals. In particular, alternate stacked configuration is shown that stacks gyrator die 314 on top of RF SoC die 312. In this configuration, RF SoC die 312 and gyrator die 314 can be coupled to one another using bonding wires, bonding pads, conductive vias and/or by other connections. This figure is also not drawn to scale. -
FIG. 23 is a side view of a pictorial representation of an integrated circuit package in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.RF IC 334 is similar to the configuration described in conjunction withFIGS. 21 and 22 with similar elements referred to by common reference numerals. In this particular configuration,motion sensor 175 is included on RF SoC die 316 that includes the remaining components orRF IC -
FIG. 24 is a side view of a pictorial representation of an integrated circuit package in accordance with the present invention.RF IC 325, such asRF IC substrate 306,bonding pads 308 andgyrator 304, such asmotion sensor 175. This figure is not drawn to scale. In particular, theRF IC 325 is integrated in a package with a top and a bottom having a plurality ofbonding pads 308 to connect theRF IC 325 to a circuit board, and wherein the on-chip gyrator 304 is integrated along the bottom of the package. In an embodiment of the present invention, die 302 includes an on-chip memory and die 300 includes theprocessing module 225 and the remaining elements ofRF IC bonding pads 308 via bonding wires or other connections. -
Gyrator 304 is coupled to the SoC die 300, and/or the memory die 302 via conductive vias, bonding wires, bonding pads or by other connections. The positioning of the Gyrator on the bottom of the package in a flip chip configuration allows good heat dissipation of thegyrator 304 to a circuit board when the RF integrated circuit is installed. -
FIG. 25 is a bottom view of a pictorial representation of an integrated circuit package in accordance with the present invention. As shown, the bonding pads (balls) 308 are arrayed in an area of the bottom of the integrated circuit with anopen center portion 310 and wherein the on-chip gyrator 304 is integrated in the open center portion. While a particular pattern and number ofbonding pads 308 are shown, a greater or lesser number of bonding pads can likewise be employed with alternative configurations within the broad scope of the present invention. - While
RF ICs -
FIG. 26 is a schematic block diagram of an overhead view of an embodiment of a gaming system that includes a game console and a gaming object. Avideo display 598 is shown that can be coupled togame console 600, such asgame device game console 600 in conjunction with the set-up and playing of the game and to provide other user interface functions ofgame console 600. It should also be noted thatgame console 600 can include its own integrated video display that displays, either directly or via projection, video content in association with any of the functions described in conjunction withvideo display 598. - The gaming system has an associated physical area in which the game console and the gaming object are located. The physical area may be a room, portion of a room, and/or any other space where the gaming object and game console are proximally co-located (e.g., airport terminal, at a gaming center, on an airplane, etc.). In the example shown the physical area includes
desk 592,chair 594 andcouch 596. - In an embodiment of the present invention, the
gaming object 610 can be implemented usingcommunication device 117 operating in the gaming mode of operation, or via another wireless game controller and/or any object used or worn by the player to facilitate play of a video game. For example, thegaming object 610 can, in the context of a game, simulate the actions of sword, a gun, a helmet, a vest, a hat, shoes, socks, pants, shorts, gloves, a sporting good, such as a bat, racquet, paddle of other object. In this system, thegame console 600 determines the positioning of thegaming object 610 within the physical area based on motion data transmitted to thegame console 600, such as position information, velocity information of other motion data included ingaming data 66. Once thegaming object 610's position is determined, thegame console 600 tracks the motion of the gaming object to facilitate video game play. In this embodiment, the game console may determine the positioning of thegaming object 610 within a positioning tolerance (e.g., within a meter) at a positioning update rate (e.g., once every second or once every few seconds) and tracks the motion within a motion tracking tolerance (e.g., within a few millimeters) at a motion tracking update rate (e.g., once every 10-100 milliseconds) based on gaming data generated in response to the actions of a user in the form of position data. Thegaming object 610 can include a joystick, touch pad, wheel, one or more buttons and/or other user interface devices that generatesother gaming data 66 that includes other user data in response to the actions of a user that is further transmitted to thegame console 600 asgaming data 66. - In operation, the
gaming object 610 andgaming console 600 communicategaming data 66 via wireless transceivers such as the wireless telephony transceivers discussed in conjunction withFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 27 is a schematic block diagram of a side view of an embodiment of a gaming system ofFIG. 1 . In particular, a user 606 is represented schematically as holding aparticular gaming object 610 in his or her hand or hands.Data 599, such asgaming data 66, is generated by thegaming object 610 and communicated via a wireless communication path with thegame console 600. Thedata 599 can include user selections, commands, motion data indicating the position, orientation, and/or motion of thegaming object 610 or other user data that is generated based on the actions of the user in conjunction with the playing, and set-up of a particular game, and/or the user's other interactions with thegame console 600. -
Game console 600 includes aninterface module 632 for coupling to thegaming object 610. In particular,interface module 632 includes atransceiver 630, such as a wireless telephony transceiver, for receivingdata 599, such asgaming data 66, transmitted fromgaming object 610 and for optionally transmittingother data 599, such asdisplay data 68 or other data back togaming object 610.Game console 600 further includes amemory 624 andprocessor 622 that are coupled tointerface module 632 via abus 625. -
Network interface 627 provides a coupling to a network, such asnetwork 119 as discussed in conjunction withFIGS. 4-8 . In particular, network interface itself can be used to transceive data such asgaming data 66 and/ordisplay data 68 with thegaming object 610 or a remote display device, and further to communicate authentication data, download game applications, run remote game applications, etc. - In operation,
processor 622 executes one or more routines such as an operating system, utilities, and one or more applications such as video game applications or other gaming applications that operate based ondata 599 received fromgaming object 610, that generatedata 599 for transmission togaming object 610, and that produce video information such asdisplay data 68. In addition, such video information can be converted to display signal viadriver 626, such as a signal generation module or other video processor for use by an integrated display device or a display device coupled togame console 600 via an optional display port, such as a video connector, component video port, S-video connector, parallel or serial video port, HDMI port or other video port. -
Processor 622 can include a dedicated or shared processing device. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on operational instructions. Thememory 624 can be a single memory device or a plurality of memory devices. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that when theprocessor 622 implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory storing the corresponding operational instructions is embedded with the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry. While a particular bus architecture is shown, alternative bus architectures including architectures having two or more buses or direct connectivity between the various modules ofgame console 600, can likewise be employed within the broad scope of the present invention. -
FIG. 28 is a schematic block diagram of an overhead view of another embodiment of a gaming system that includes a game console, a plurality of players and a plurality of gaming objects. In this instance,interface module 632 ofgame console 600 communicatesdata 599 andsimilar data 599′, such asgaming data 66 anddisplay data 68, with bothgaming object 610 andgaming object 610′. In an embodiment of the present invention,game console 600 operates on a separate frequency for each device, however, other multiple access techniques can likewise be employed. -
FIG. 29 is a schematic block diagram of a side view of another embodiment of a gaming system that includes remote motion sensing devices that can be implemented in conjunction with a single user/player. In this embodiment, the gaming object 611 communicates with remotemotion sensing devices 640 that can be embodied as a helmet, a shirt, pants, gloves, and socks, that incorporated in a wearable housing, that otherwise can be attached a user's body, or that otherwise can be coupled to track the motion of a portion of the user's body. Each of the remotemotion sensing devices 640 generates motion signals that are sent togaming object 610 for use in the generation of motion data data via, for instance, a motiondata generation module 55. In this embodiment, the positioning of the remotemotion sensing devices 640 can be determined within a positioning tolerance (e.g., within a meter) at a positioning update rate (e.g., once every second or once every few seconds) with the motion tracked within a motion tracking tolerance (e.g., within a few millimeters) at a motion tracking update rate (e.g., once every 10-100 milliseconds) within a position and motion tracking area that is range of a separate transceiver, such as an RFID transceiver, incorporated ingaming object 610. - In one mode of operation, the
gaming object 610 sends one or more RF signals on a continuous basis and reads the motion signals generated by each of the remotemotion sensing devices 640 periodically (e.g., once every 10-100 milliseconds) to update the positioning of remotemotion sensing devices 640. In another mode of operation, thegaming object 610 sends one or more RF signals periodically (e.g., once every 10-100 milliseconds) and reads the motion signals generated by each of the remotemotion sensing devices 640 only when required to update the positioning of the remotemotion sensing devices 640. -
FIGS. 30-32 are diagrams of an embodiment of a coordinate system of a localized physical area that may be used for a gaming system. In these figures an xyz origin is selected to be somewhere in the localized physical area and each point being tracked and/or used for positioning on the player and/or on thegaming object 610 is determined based on its Cartesian coordinates (e.g., x1, y1, z1). As the player and/or gaming object moves, the new position of the tracking and/or positioning points are determined in Cartesian coordinates with respect to the origin. -
FIG. 33 is a block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention that includescommunication device 117 and at least one remotemotion sensing device 526, such as remotemotion sensing devices 640. Remotemotion sensing device 526 includes a motion sensor 520 for generatingmotion signals 522 in response to the motion of a user, such as user 606. Motion sensor 520 can include an on-chip gyrator or accelerometer or other position or motion sensing device along with other driver circuitry for generatingmotion signals 522 based on the actions of the user 606. -
Transceiver 524 sends the motion signals tocommunication device 117. In an embodiment of the present invention,transceiver 524 can be implemented via a RFID tag that is coupled to receive anRF signal 528 initiated by communication device, such as a 60 GHz RF signal or other RF signal. In a similar fashion to a passive RFID tag,transceiver 524 converts energy from the RF signal 528 into a power signal for powering thetransceiver 524 or all or some portion of the remotemotion sensing device 526. By the remotemotion sensing device 526 deriving power, in whole or in part, based onRF signal 528, the remotemotion sensing device 526 can optionally be portable, small and light.Transceiver 524 conveys the motion signals 522 back to thecommunication device 117 by backscattering the RF signal 528 based on the motion signals 522. -
FIG. 34 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an integrated circuit in accordance with the present invention. In particular,FIG. 34 presents acommunication device 10′, such ascommunication device 117, that includes many common elements ofFIGS. 9-11 that are referred to by common reference numerals.RF IC 50′ is similar toRF IC 50 and is capable of any of the applications, functions and features attributed toRF ICs FIGS. 1-10 . However,RF IC 70′ includes a receiver, such as an RFID reader or other receiver ortransceiver 79 that receives motion signals, such as motion signals 522 carried by RF signal 528 from at least one remotemotion sensing device 526. In an embodiment of the present invention the antenna andantenna interface 74′ can include an off-chip near field coil, however, an on-chip near-field coil can likewise be implemented. - In operation, motion
data generation module 55 generates motion data based on the motion signals 522, and optionally based further on GPS position data generated by multi-mode transceiver/GPS receiver 73. For instance, motiondata generation module 55 can generate motion data that is based on one or more motion vectors that are based on the motion signals and further based on a reference position based on the GPS position data. - This motion data can be transmitted to a game device, such as
game device game console 600 whencommunication device 10′ is in a gaming mode of operation. It should be noted that the transmitted motion data can further include motion data generated by motiondata generation module 55 that represents the motion ofcommunication device 10′, based on GPS position data and/or data frommotion sensor 175. - While the
transceiver 79 has been incorporated inRF IC 50 to form the design ofRF IC 50′,RF ICs transceiver 79. -
FIG. 35 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an RFID reader and an RFID tag. In particular,RFID reader 705 represents a particular implementation oftransceiver 79 ofcommunication device 117. In addition,RFID tag 735 represents a particular implementation oftransceiver 526 of remotemotion sensing device 526. As shown,RFID reader 705 includes aprotocol processing module 40, anencoding module 542, an RF front-end 546, adigitization module 548, apredecoding module 550 and adecoding module 552, all of which together form components of theRFID reader 705.RFID 705 optionally includes a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 544. - The
protocol processing module 540 is operably coupled to prepare data for encoding in accordance with a particular RFID standardized protocol. In an exemplary embodiment, theprotocol processing module 540 is programmed with multiple RFID standardized protocols to enable theRFID reader 705 to communicate with any RFID tag, regardless of the particular protocol associated with the tag. In this embodiment, theprotocol processing module 540 operates to program filters and other components of theencoding module 542,decoding module 552,pre-decoding module 550 and RFfront end 546 in accordance with the particular RFID standardized protocol of the tag(s) currently communicating with theRFID reader 705. However, if the remotemotion sensing devices 526 each operate in accordance with a single protocol, and the RFID reader is not used bycommunication device 117 for other purposes, such as conditional access, payment transaction, etc, this flexibility can be omitted. - In operation, once the particular RFID standardized protocol has been selected for communication with one or more RFID tags, such as
RFID tag 735, theprotocol processing module 540 generates and provides digital data to be communicated to theRFID tag 735 to theencoding module 542 for encoding in accordance with the selected RFID standardized protocol. This digital data can include commands to power up theRFID tag 735, to read motion data or other commands or data used by the RFID tag in association with its operation. By way of example, but not limitation, the RFID protocols may include one or more line encoding schemes, such as Manchester encoding, FM0 encoding, FM1 encoding, etc. Thereafter, in the embodiment shown, the digitally encoded data is provided to the digital-to-analog converter 544 which converts the digitally encoded data into an analog signal. The RF front-end 546 modulates the analog signal to produce an RF signal at a particular carrier frequency that is transmitted viaantenna 560 to one or more RFID tags, such asRF ID rag 735. Theantenna 560 can include a near-field coil that is either implemented onRFIC 50′ or is located off-chip. - The RF front-
end 546 further includes transmit blocking capabilities such that the energy of the transmitted RF signal does not substantially interfere with the receiving of a back-scattered or other RF signal received from one or more RFID tags via theantenna 560. Upon receiving an RF signal from one or more RFID tags, the RF front-end 546 converts the received RF signal into a baseband signal. Thedigitization module 548, which may be a limiting module or an analog-to-digital converter, converts the received baseband signal into a digital signal. Thepredecoding module 550 converts the digital signal into an encoded signal in accordance with the particular RFID protocol being utilized. The encoded data is provided to thedecoding module 552, which recaptures data, such as motion signals 522 therefrom in accordance with the particular encoding scheme of the selected RFID protocol. Theprotocol processing module 540 processes the recovered data to identify the object(s) associated with the RFID tag(s) and/or provides the recovered data to theprocessor 225. - The
processing module 540 may be a single processing device or a plurality of processing devices. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on hard coding of the circuitry and/or operational instructions. The processing module may have an associated memory element, which may be a single memory device, a plurality of memory devices, and/or embedded circuitry of the processing module. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, cache memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that when theprocessing module 540 implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory element storing the corresponding operational instructions may be embedded within, or external to, the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry. -
RFID tag 735 that includes apower generating circuit 740, anoscillation module 744, aprocessing module 746, anoscillation calibration module 748, acomparator 750, anenvelope detection module 752, a capacitor C1, and a transistor T1. Theoscillation module 744, theprocessing module 746, theoscillation calibration module 748, thecomparator 750, and theenvelope detection module 752 may be a single processing device or a plurality of processing devices. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on hard coding of the circuitry and/or operational instructions. One or more of themodules modules - In operation, the
power generating circuit 740 generates a supply voltage (VDD) from a radio frequency (RF) signal that is received via antenna 754. Thepower generating circuit 740 stores the supply voltage VDD in capacitor C1 and provides it tomodules - When the supply voltage VDD is present, the
envelope detection module 752 determines an envelope of the RF signal, which includes a DC component corresponding to the supply voltage VDD. In one embodiment, the RF signal is an amplitude modulation signal, where the envelope of the RF signal includes transmitted data. Theenvelope detection module 752 provides an envelope signal to thecomparator 750. Thecomparator 750 compares the envelope signal with a threshold to produce a stream of recovered data. - The
oscillation module 744, which may be a ring oscillator, crystal oscillator, or timing circuit, generates one or more clock signals that have a rate corresponding to the rate of the RF signal in accordance with an oscillation feedback signal. For instance, if the RF signal is a 900 MHz signal, the rate of the clock signals will be n*900 MHz, where “n” is equal to or greater than 1. - The
oscillation calibration module 748 produces the oscillation feedback signal from a clock signal of the one or more clock signals and the stream of recovered data. In general, theoscillation calibration module 748 compares the rate of the clock signal with the rate of the stream of recovered data. Based on this comparison, theoscillation calibration module 748 generates the oscillation feedback to indicate to theoscillation module 744 to maintain the current rate, speed up the current rate, or slow down the current rate. - The
processing module 746 receives the stream of recovered data and a clock signal of the one or more clock signals. Theprocessing module 746 interprets the stream of recovered data to determine a command or commands contained therein. The command may be to store data, update data, reply with stored data, verify command compliance, generate motion data that carries motion signals 522 from motion sensor 520, send an acknowledgement, etc. If the command(s) requires a response, theprocessing module 746 provides a signal to the transistor T1 at a rate corresponding to the RF signal. The signal toggles transistor T1 on and off to generate an RF response signal that is transmitted via the antenna. In one embodiment, theRFID tag 735 utilizing a back-scattering RF communication. Note that the resistor R1 functions to decouple thepower generating circuit 740 from the received RF signals and the transmitted RF signals. - The
RFID tag 735 may further include a current reference (not shown) that provides one or more reference, or bias, currents to theoscillation module 744, theoscillation calibration module 748, theenvelope detection module 752, and thecomparator 750. The bias current may be adjusted to provide a desired level of biasing for each of themodules -
FIG. 36 is a diagram of another method for determining position and/or motion tracking that begins in step 1300 by determining a reference point within a coordinate system. The reference point may be the origin or any other point within the localized physical area. In particular, the reference point can be the location of thegame console 600, the location of thegame object 610 at a particular time, such as a set-up time, or the location of one of a plurality of remotemotion sensing devices 526, however, other reference points can likewise be used. - The method continues in one or more branches. Along one branch, a vector with respect to the reference point is determined to indicate the player's initial position based on the reference point as shown in
step 1302. This branch continues by updating the player's position to track the player's motion based on user data as shown instep 1304. - The other branch includes determining a vector with respect to the reference point for the
gaming object 610 and/or the remotemotion sensing devices 526 to establish their initial position as shown instep 1306. This branch continues by updating the motion data to track the gaming object's or player's motion as shown instep 1308. Note that the rate of tracking the motion of the player and/or gaming object may be done at a rate based on the video gaming being played and the expected speed of motion. Further note that a tracking rate of 10 milliseconds provides 0.1 mm accuracy in motion tracking. -
FIG. 37 is a diagram of another method for determining position and/or motion tracking that begins instep 1310 by determining the coordinates of the player's, or players', position in the physical area. The method then continues by determining the coordinates of a gaming object's initial position as shown instep 1312. Note that the positioning of the gaming object may be used to determine the position of the player(s) if the gaming object is something worn by the player or is close proximity to the player. Alternatively, the initial position of the player may be used to determine the initial position of the gaming object. Note that one or more of the plurality of positioning techniques described herein may be used to determine the position of the player and/or of the gaming object. - The method then proceeds by updating the coordinates of the player's, or players', position in the physical area to track the player's motion as shown in
step 1314. The method also continues by updating the coordinates of a gaming object's position to track its motion as shown instep 1316. Note that the motion of the gaming object may be used to determine the motion of the player(s) if the gaming object is something worn by the player or is close proximity to the player. Alternatively, the motion of the player may be used to determine the motion of the gaming object. Note that one or more of the plurality of motion techniques described herein may be used to determine the position of the player and/or of the gaming object. - While described in terms of a gaming object, such as
gaming object 610, the method above may likewise be employed to determine positions of the remotemotion sensing devices 526. -
FIG. 38 is a diagram of another method for determining position and/or motion tracking that begins instep 1320 by determining a reference point within the physical area in which the gaming object lays and/or in which the game system lays. The method then proceeds by determining a vector for a player's initial position with respect to a reference point of a coordinate system as shown instep 1322. As an example, if the physical area is a room, a point in the room is selected as the origin and the coordinate system is applied to at least some of the room. - The method then continues by determining a vector of a
gaming object 610's initial position as shown instep 1324. Note that the positioning of the gaming object may be used to determine the position of the player(s) if thegaming object 610 is something worn by the player or is close proximity to the player. Alternatively, the initial position of the player may be used to determine the initial position of thegaming object 610. Note that one or more of the plurality of positioning techniques described herein may be used to determine the position of the player and/or of the gaming object. - The method then proceeds by updating the vector of the player's, or players', position in the physical area to track the player's motion as shown in
step 1326. The method also continues by updating the vector of the gaming object's position to track its motion as shown instep 1328. Note that the motion of thegaming object 610 may be used to determine the motion of the player(s) if the gaming object is something worn by the player or is close proximity to the player. Alternatively, the motion of the player may be used to determine the motion of thegaming object 610. Note that one or more of the plurality of motion techniques described herein may be used to determine the position of the player and/or of the gaming object. - While described in terms of a gaming object, such as
gaming object 610, the method above may likewise be employed to determine positions of the remotemotion sensing devices 526. -
FIG. 39 is a schematic block diagram of a side view of another embodiment of a gaming system in accordance with the present invention. Agaming object 610′ is provided that be implemented viagaming object 610, 611 orcommunication device 117 or via another gaming object that generatesmotion data 602 and that wirelessly transmits themotion data 602 to agame console 600′ over a wireless communication path.Game console 600 can be similar togame console 600. The wireless communication path can be a implemented in accordance with one or more wireless telephony transceivers that operate in accordance with a wireless telephony protocol, via RFID communication, or via other wireless communications. - In this embodiment however, either the
gaming object 610′ or thegame console 600′ operates in accordance with a motion prediction model, for instance, that represents abiomechanical trajectory 800 of the user 606 or more specifically the user's body, during the playing of a game. The use of this motion prediction model can be used generate trajectory data that more accurately represents the motion ofgaming object 610′ or the body of user 606 with optionallyless motion data 602 being communicated over the wireless communication path 604. -
FIG. 40 is a block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In particular, a gaming system is shown that includesgame console 600′ andgaming object 610′.Gaming object 610′ includes one ormore motion sensors 616 for generating motion data, such asmotion data 602 in response to the actions of a user, such as user 606.Motion sensor 616 can include an on-chip gyrator or accelerometer or other position or motion sensing device along with other driver circuitry for generatingmotion data 602 based on the actions of the user 606. -
Transceiver 620 wireless transmits themotion data 602 to thetransceiver 631 ofgame console 600′.Transceivers gaming object 610′ is implemented viacommunication device 117. However, or wireless communication paths cal likewise be used such as a Bluetooth communication interface or other short range communication path. - In an embodiment of the present invention an RFID communication path is employed where the
transceiver 620 is coupled to receive an RF signal initiated bygame console 600′, such as a 60 GHz RF signal or other RF signal. In a similar fashion to a passive RFID tag,millimeter wave transceiver 620 converts energy from the RF signal into a power signal for powering themillimeter wave transceiver 620 or all or some portion of thegaming object 610′. By thegaming object 610′ deriving power, in while or in part, based on RF signal,gaming object 610′ can optionally be portable, small and light. In this embodiment,millimeter wave transceiver 620 conveys themotion data 602 back to thegame console 600′ by backscattering the RF signal based on motion data 102. -
Game console 600′ includes aninterface module 632 for coupling to thegaming object 610′. In particular,interface module 632 includes atransceiver 631 or receiver that receives themotion data 602. As discussed above,transceiver 631 can be a millimeter wave transceiver that transmits an RF signal for powering thegaming object 610′. In this case,millimeter wave transceiver 631 demodulates the backscattering of the RF signal to recover themotion data 602. - Similar to
game console 600,game console 600′ includes amemory 624 andprocessor 622 that are coupled tointerface module 632 via abus 625. While not expressly shown,game console 600′ can further include a network interface, such asnetwork interface 627, that provides a coupling to a network, such asnetwork 119 as discussed in conjunction withFIGS. 4-8 . In particular, this network interface itself can be used to receive data such asmotion data 602 or other gaming data, such asgaming data 66 from thegaming object 610′, to send display data or other gaming data back to thegaming object 610′ or a remote display device, and further to communicate authentication data, download game applications, run remote game applications, etc. -
Game console 600′ further includes atrajectory generation module 625 that generates trajectory data based on themotion data 602 and based on a motion prediction model provided bymodel generation module 635. As discussed in conjunction withFIG. 39 , the motion prediction model represents a biomechanical trajectory of a user of thegaming object 610′ in accordance with a game. - In an embodiment of the present invention, the
model generation module 635 generates the motion prediction model based on a game selection signal fromprocessor 622 that indicates which, of a plurality of games, has been selected and that is being executed. For instance, in a motion prediction model can operate to provide one or more biomechanical trajectories that correspond to the game being played. Thetrajectory generation module 625 can generate trajectory data that “fits” themotion data 602 based on this trajectory. - Consider an example where user 606 is playing a bowling game. The
gaming object 610′ is placed in his or her hand and is swung to simulate the throwing of the bowling ball. Thegaming object 610′ generatesmotion data 602 based on the motion ofgaming object 610′ during the simulated throw and sends themotion data 602 to thegame console 600′. In this example, the motion prediction model can fit themotion data 602 to a trajectory that represents the user 606 throwing a bowling ball. In effect, thetrajectory generation module 625 fits themodel data 602 to one of a family of “bowling ball throw” trajectories having, for instance, different speeds, different angles, differing amounts of spin/curve. The trajectorymodel generation module 625 then generates the trajectory data based on either the selection of one of a discrete number of possible trajectories or the identification of particular trajectory parameters that describe a particular trajectory. The trajectory data can then be used by theprocessor 622 to generate adisplay signal 628 that shows the particular bowling ball throw on the screen and the resulting knocking down of pins (if any). - Consider a further example where user 606 is playing a tennis game. The
gaming object 610′ is placed in his or her hand and is swung to simulate the motion of the tennis racquet in stroking a tennis ball. Thegaming object 610′ generatesmotion data 602 based on the motion ofgaming object 610′ during the simulated motion and sends themotion data 602 to thegame console 600′. In this example, the motion prediction model can fit themotion data 602 to a trajectory that represents the user 606 hitting the ball. In effect, thetrajectory generation module 625 fits themodel data 602 to one of a family of “tennis swings” trajectories having, for instance, forehand shots, backhand shots, drop shots, overhead shots, serves, etc. having different speeds, different angles, differing amounts of spin/curve. The trajectorymodel generation module 625 then generates the trajectory data based on either the selection of one of a discrete number of possible trajectories and/or the identification of particular trajectory parameters that describe a particular trajectory. The trajectory data can then be used by theprocessor 622 to generate adisplay signal 628 that shows the particular tennis shots on the screen. - While described above in the context of bowling and tennis, the
model generation module 635 can operate to generate motion prediction models with the respect to a wider range of games that involve simulated combat, dancing, other sports, racing and other game activities where themotion data 602 can be used to generate trajectory data that is used in the execution of the gaming application to simulate the motion of the user 606. While the description above has focused onmotion data 602 received fromgaming object 610′ derived from asingle motion sensor 616, a plurality of motion sensors could likewise be employed to simulate more complex motion. Further,motion data 602 can be received from a gaming object 611 that collects motion signals from a plurality of remotemotion sensing devices 640. In this fashion, more complex trajectories including multiple body parts of user 606 can be determined based on themotion data 602 to simulate a jump, throw, running, or other motion of the user's body in the context of one or more games. - In an embodiment of the present invention, the
model generation module 635 generates a motion prediction model, such as a finite element model that corresponds to the position and/or motion of a plurality of body parts of user 606. In this fashion, trajectory data of the arms, legs, hands, head, etc. of the user 606 can be determined bytrajectory generation module 625 based onmotion data 602. In particular,motion data 602 corresponding to a plurality of remote motion sensing devices, such as remotemotion sensing devices 526 associated with different portions of the body of user 606, can be fit to the motion prediction model of a body to simulate complex motion of the body in the context of one or more games. - In operation,
processor 622 executes one or more routines such as an operating system, utilities, and one or more applications such as video game applications or other gaming applications that operate based on the trajectory data and optionally other gaming data received fromgaming object 610′, that optionally generate other data for transmission back to thegaming object 610′, and produce video information, further based on the trajectory data, such as display data that can be converted to display signal 628 viadriver 626. Thedriver 626 can be a signal generation module or other video processor for use by an integrated display device or a display device coupled togame console 600′ via an optional display port, such as a video connector, component video port, S-video connector, parallel or serial video port, HDMI port or other video port. -
Processor 622 can include a dedicated or shared processing device. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on operational instructions. Thememory 624 can be a single memory device or a plurality of memory devices. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that when theprocessor 622 implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory storing the corresponding operational instructions is embedded with the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry. While a particular bus architecture is shown, alternative bus architectures including architectures having two or more buses or direct connectivity between the various modules ofgame console 600′, can likewise be employed within the broad scope of the present invention. -
FIG. 41 is a graphical representation of trajectory data determined in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular,example trajectory data 904 is presented that corresponds to a three-dimensional trajectory that is based onmotion data 902, such asmotion data 602 from a single motion sensor. While themotion data 902 andtrajectory data 904 are shown in the context of a Cartesian coordinate system, other coordinate systems can likewise be employed. - In this embodiment,
trajectory generation module 625 generates thetrajectory data 904 by interpolating themotion data 902 based on the motion prediction model. In this case, the motion prediction module can include a mathematical function such as a linear function, a trigonometric function, polynomial function of other function that is fit to themotion data 902 using a curve-fitting technique and used to interpolate trajectory data. In this fashion, motion data collected at lower resolution or a lower data rate can be used to generate trajectory data at a higher resolution or a higher data rate to simulate the motion of the user 606 in the context of a game. - For example,
motion data 902 corresponding to a simulated golf swing can be collected from a gaming object, such asgaming object motion data 902 can be fit to a mathematical function that represents the biomechanical trajectory of possible golf swings and used to generate interpolatedtrajectory data 904 at a higher data rate such as 50 samples per second for the rendering of a smooth golf swing when presented on a video display. -
FIG. 42 is a graphical representation of trajectory data determined in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In particular, example trajectory data 908 is presented that corresponds to a three-dimensional trajectory that is based on a model trajectory derived frommotion data 602 from a single motion sensor. While the trajectory data 908 is shown in the context of a Cartesian coordinate system, other coordinate systems can likewise be employed. - In one example, the
motion data 602 includes position data that is used bytrajectory generation module 625 to select a best-fit model trajectory 906 of a finite number of possible trajectories generated bymodel generation module 635. Considering again the case of a simulated golf swing, motion data can be collected from a gaming object, such asgaming object model generation module 635 corresponding to a finite number of possible golf swings. Themotion data 602 can be compared to each possible trajectory to determine the model trajectory 906 that provides the best fit, such as best least squares fit, smallest absolute deviation or other best fit to themotion data 602. Once the model trajectory 906 is determined,trajectory generation module 625 generates the trajectory data 908 in accordance with the selected model trajectory 906. - In a further example,
motion data 602 include a plurality of model parameters of the motion prediction model, such as polynomial coefficients of a polynomial trajectory, or other coefficients or model parameters of a mathematical function that describe the motion of one or more motion sensors. In this embodiment, trajectory generation module 925 generates the model trajectory 906 based on the model parameters included in themotion data 602 and, in turn, generates the trajectory data 908 based on the model trajectory. -
FIG. 43 is a graphical representation of trajectory data determined in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In particular,example trajectory data 912 is presented that corresponds to a three-dimensional trajectory that is based on differential motion data. In thisexample motion data 602 includesmotion vectors 910 that describe the magnitude and direction of the motion.Trajectory generation module 625 generates a current position for thetrajectory data 912 based on a prior position of thetrajectory data 912 and further based on this differential motion data. While themotion vectors 910 andtrajectory data 912 are shown in the context of a Cartesian coordinate system, other coordinate systems can likewise be employed. -
FIG. 44 is a schematic block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In particular, a gaming system, including gaming object 609 andgame console 607 is presented that is similar to the gaming system presented in conjunction withFIG. 40 where similar elements are referred to by common reference numerals. In this embodiment however, the application of the motion prediction model is included in the gaming object 609, such ascommunication device 117 orgaming object 610 or 611. - Gaming object 609 includes a
motion sensor 616 for generating motion signals in response to motion of the gaming object 609. Motiondata generation module 645 generates motion data 603 based on the motion signals and based on a motion prediction model supplied for instance bymodel generation module 635. A transmitter ortransceiver 620 is coupled to sends the motion data 603 to agame device 607 such asgame console game device - In this embodiment, the motion
data generation module 645, such as motiondata generation module 55, can generate motion data 603, such asmotion data 602,motion data 902 and/ormotion vectors 910. For instance, the motion data 603 can include a plurality of model parameters of the motion prediction model. The motion prediction model can include a polynomial trajectory and the plurality of model parameters include a plurality of polynomial coefficients. The motion data 603 can include differential motion data. As discussed in conjunction withFIG. 40 ,model generation module 635 can generates the motion prediction model based on a game selection signal fromprocessing module 622′ or received fromgame device 607 that indicates the game. - In addition, model generation module can selects a data rate for the motion data based on the game selection signal. For example in a game where fast motion such as a golf swing is expected, a fast data rate can be selected for more frequent sampling of motion signals from
motion sensor 616. In other games such as a chess game that simulates the motion of a user's hand to pick and place a chess piece, a slower data rate can be employed to, for instance, save bandwidth. One of a plurality of data rates or direct sampling rates can be selected based on the desired motion accuracy and the expected speed of motion for a particular game that has been selected. -
Processor 622′ can include a dedicated or shared processing device. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on operational instructions. Thememory 624′ can be a single memory device or a plurality of memory devices. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that when theprocessor 622′ implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory storing the corresponding operational instructions is embedded with the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry. While a particular bus architecture is shown withbus 628′, alternative bus architectures including architectures having two or more buses or direct connectivity between the various modules of gaming object 609′, can likewise be employed within the broad scope of the present invention. -
FIG. 45 is a schematic block diagram of a side view of another embodiment of a gaming system in accordance with the present invention. In this embodiment, agaming object 610″ communicates user data 698 togame console 600″, such asgame console game device 115 orgame device 115′. The user data 698 can include authentication data, such as a password, user ID, device ID or other authenticating the for authenticating the user 606 to thegame console 600″ or to a service provided throughgame console 600″. Further, the authentication data is usable by thegame console 600″ to set access privileges for the user in accordance with at least one game executed by the game console. In this fashion, a user can be identified as a subscriber or other authorized person to play a game, can be identified as the user 606 as above a minimum age to play an age restricted game, can be identified as having sufficient access privileges to play a game, a particular type of game or a game with a particular rating or range of ratings. - In an embodiment of the present invention, the user data 698 can also include product registration data for the user 606 in accordance with at least one game executed by the
game console 600″ so that the product registration data can automatically be supplied togame console 600″ or a service provider coupled thereto via a network. In this fashion, the user's product information can be obtained each time a new game is initiated, without having to query the user 606 each time and without a potentially laborious process of reentering the product registration. - The user data 698 can further include personal preferences data for the user 606 such as security preferences or data, volume settings, graphics settings, experience levels, names, character selections, etc. that are either game parameters that are specific to a particular game or that are specific to the user's use of the
game console 600″. - In this fashion, the use of
different gaming objects 610″ with different users 606 can automatically result in the gaming experience to be customized based on the preferences of user 606 via the user data 698. Similarly, asingle gaming object 610″ can store user data 698 corresponding to a plurality of users. A user 606 can select his or her user data 698 via an optional user interface provided bygaming object 610″ for transmission togame console 600″. -
Gaming object 610″ can be implemented withingaming object communication device 117′.Gaming object 610″ can be a game dedicated device such as a card, tag or game controller. Alternatively,gaming device 610″ can be a personal device with non-gaming functionality such as a personal digital assistant, a mobile communication device, a jewelry item, a key chain, a flash drive, or other dongle device, or a digital camera. In either case thegaming object 610″ can include a wearable housing that includes a strap, a clip or other device for attaching to the user's person or that itself is an article of clothing or jewelry such as a cap, a glove, a bracelet, a necklace, a ring or other object that can be worn by the user, -
FIG. 46 is a schematic block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In particular, a gaming system is shown that includesgame console 600″ andgaming object 610″.Gaming object 610 includes amemory 900 for storing user data, such as user data 698.Transceiver 670 is coupled to receive anRF signal 608 initiated bygame console 600″, such as a 60 GHz RF signal or other RF signal. In a similar fashion to a passive RFID tag,transceiver 670 converts energy from the RF signal 608 into a power signal for powering thetransceiver 670 or all or some portion of thegaming object 610″. By thegaming object 610″ deriving power, in while or in part, based onRF signal 608,gaming object 610″ can optionally be portable, small and light.Transceiver 670 conveys the user data 698 back to thegame console 600″ by backscattering the RF signal 608 based on user data 698. -
Game console 600″ includes aninterface module 632 for coupling to thegaming object 610″. In particular,interface module 632 includes atransceiver 680 that transmits RF signal 608 for powering thegaming object 610″. In operation,transceiver 680 demodulates the backscattering of the RF signal 608 to recover the user data 698. -
Game console 600 further includes amemory 624 andprocessor 622 that are coupled tointerface module 632 via abus 625. In operation,processor 622 executes one or more routines such as an operating system, utilities, and one or more applications such as video game applications or other gaming applications that produce video information that is converted to display signal 628 viadriver 626.Processor 622 can include a dedicated or shared processing device. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on operational instructions. Thememory 624 can be a single memory device or a plurality of memory devices. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that when theprocessor 622 implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory storing the corresponding operational instructions is embedded with the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry. While a particular bus architecture is shown, alternative bus architectures including architectures having two or more buses or direct connectivity between the various modules ofgame console 600, can likewise be employed within the broad scope of the present invention. - In an embodiment of the present invention,
game console 600″ further includesconditional access module 682 that authenticates the user based on authentication data included in the user data 698 and further can sets at least one access privilege for the user in accordance with the at least one game. In operation, theconditional access module 682 compares the user data 698 in a user database stored inmemory 624 corresponding to the user 606. When the user data 698 compares favorable to the data stored in the user database, the user 606 is authenticated and access privileges can be set based on the access privileges listed in the user database. - As discussed in conjunction with
FIG. 45 , the user data 698 can also include product registration data for the user 606 in accordance with at least one game executed by thegame console 600″ so that the product registration data can automatically be supplied togame console 600″ or a service provider coupled thereto via a network. In this fashion, the user's product information can be obtained each time a new game is initiated, without having to query the user 606 each time and without a potentially laborious process of reentering the product registration. - The user data 698 can further include personal preferences data for the user 606 such as security preferences or data, volume settings, graphics settings, experience levels, names, character selections, etc. that are either game parameters that are specific to a particular game or that are specific to the user's use of the
game console 600″. - While not expressly shown,
game console 600′ can further include a network interface, such asnetwork interface 627, that provides a coupling to a network, such asnetwork 119 as discussed in conjunction withFIGS. 4-8 . In particular, this network can be used to communicate authentication data product registration data or user preferences data to a remote server in conjunction the provision of a local game or an on-line game delivered viagame console 600″. -
FIG. 47 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an RFID reader and an RFID tag in accordance another embodiment of the present invention. In particular,RFID reader 705 represents a particular implementation oftransceiver 680. In addition,RFID tag 735 represents a particular implementation oftransceiver 670. As shown,RFID reader 705 includes aprotocol processing module 40, anencoding module 542, an RF front-end 546, adigitization module 548, apredecoding module 550 and adecoding module 552, all of which together form components of theRFID reader 705.RFID 705 optionally includes a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 544. - The
protocol processing module 540 is operably coupled to prepare data for encoding in accordance with a particular RFID standardized protocol. In an exemplary embodiment, theprotocol processing module 540 is programmed with multiple RFID standardized protocols to enable theRFID reader 705 to communicate with any RFID tag, regardless of the particular protocol associated with the tag. In this embodiment, theprotocol processing module 540 operates to program filters and other components of theencoding module 542,decoding module 552,pre-decoding module 550 and RFfront end 546 in accordance with the particular RFID standardized protocol of the tag(s) currently communicating with theRFID reader 705. However, if the remotemotion sensing devices 526 each operate in accordance with a single protocol, and the RFID reader is not used bycommunication device 117 for other purposes, such as conditional access, payment transaction, etc, this flexibility can be omitted. - In operation, once the particular RFID standardized protocol has been selected for communication with one or more RFID tags, such as
RFID tag 735, theprotocol processing module 540 generates and provides digital data to be communicated to theRFID tag 735 to theencoding module 542 for encoding in accordance with the selected RFID standardized protocol. This digital data can include commands to power up theRFID tag 735, to read motion data or other commands or data used by the RFID tag in association with its operation. By way of example, but not limitation, the RFID protocols may include one or more line encoding schemes, such as Manchester encoding, FM0 encoding, FM1 encoding, etc. Thereafter, in the embodiment shown, the digitally encoded data is provided to the digital-to-analog converter 544 which converts the digitally encoded data into an analog signal. The RF front-end 546 modulates the analog signal to produce an RF signal at a particular carrier frequency that is transmitted viaantenna 560 to one or more RFID tags, such asRF ID rag 735. Theantenna 560 can include a near-field coil. - The RF front-
end 546 further includes transmit blocking capabilities such that the energy of the transmitted RF signal does not substantially interfere with the receiving of a back-scattered or other RF signal received from one or more RFID tags via theantenna 560. Upon receiving an RF signal from one or more RFID tags, the RF front-end 546 converts the received RF signal into a baseband signal. Thedigitization module 548, which may be a limiting module or an analog-to-digital converter, converts the received baseband signal into a digital signal. Thepredecoding module 550 converts the digital signal into an encoded signal in accordance with the particular RFID protocol being utilized. The encoded data is provided to thedecoding module 552, which recaptures data, such as user data 698 therefrom in accordance with the particular encoding scheme of the selected RFID protocol. Theprotocol processing module 540 processes the recovered data to identify the object(s) associated with the RFID tag(s) and/or provides the recovered data to theprocessor 622 for further processing. - The
processing module 540 may be a single processing device or a plurality of processing devices. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on hard coding of the circuitry and/or operational instructions. The processing module may have an associated memory element, which may be a single memory device, a plurality of memory devices, and/or embedded circuitry of the processing module. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, cache memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. Note that when theprocessing module 540 implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory element storing the corresponding operational instructions may be embedded within, or external to, the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry. -
RFID tag 735 that includes apower generating circuit 740, anoscillation module 744, aprocessing module 746, anoscillation calibration module 748, acomparator 750, anenvelope detection module 752, a capacitor C1, and a transistor T1. Theoscillation module 744, theprocessing module 746, theoscillation calibration module 748, thecomparator 750, and theenvelope detection module 752 may be a single processing device or a plurality of processing devices. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on hard coding of the circuitry and/or operational instructions. One or more of themodules modules - In operation, the
power generating circuit 740 generates a supply voltage (VDD) from a radio frequency (RF) signal that is received via antenna 754. Thepower generating circuit 740 stores the supply voltage VDD in capacitor C1 and provides it tomodules - When the supply voltage VDD is present, the
envelope detection module 752 determines an envelope of the RF signal, which includes a DC component corresponding to the supply voltage VDD. In one embodiment, the RF signal is an amplitude modulation signal, where the envelope of the RF signal includes transmitted data. Theenvelope detection module 752 provides an envelope signal to thecomparator 750. Thecomparator 750 compares the envelope signal with a threshold to produce a stream of recovered data. - The
oscillation module 744, which may be a ring oscillator, crystal oscillator, or timing circuit, generates one or more clock signals that have a rate corresponding to the rate of the RF signal in accordance with an oscillation feedback signal. For instance, if the RF signal is a 900 MHz signal, the rate of the clock signals will be n*900 MHz, where “n” is equal to or greater than 1. - The
oscillation calibration module 748 produces the oscillation feedback signal from a clock signal of the one or more clock signals and the stream of recovered data. In general, theoscillation calibration module 748 compares the rate of the clock signal with the rate of the stream of recovered data. Based on this comparison, theoscillation calibration module 748 generates the oscillation feedback to indicate to theoscillation module 744 to maintain the current rate, speed up the current rate, or slow down the current rate. - The
processing module 746 receives the stream of recovered data and a clock signal of the one or more clock signals. Theprocessing module 746 interprets the stream of recovered data to determine a command or commands contained therein. The command may be to store data, update data, reply with stored data, verify command compliance, retrieve user data 698 frommemory 900, send an acknowledgement, etc. If the command(s) requires a response, theprocessing module 746 provides a signal to the transistor T1 at a rate corresponding to the RF signal. The signal toggles transistor T1 on and off to generate an RF response signal that is transmitted via the antenna. In one embodiment, theRFID tag 735 utilizing a back-scattering RF communication. Note that the resistor R1 functions to decouple thepower generating circuit 740 from the received RF signals and the transmitted RF signals. - The
RFID tag 735 may further include a current reference (not shown) that provides one or more reference, or bias, currents to theoscillation module 744, theoscillation calibration module 748, theenvelope detection module 752, and thecomparator 750. The bias current may be adjusted to provide a desired level of biasing for each of themodules -
FIG. 48 presents a wireless network in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.Communication device 117′ is a mobile communications device similar tocommunication device 117 and that includes many of the functions and features attributed toCommunication device 117 as previously discussed. In particular,communication device 117′ is a wireless telephone device or other device that includes a wireless telephony transceiver and that, in a telephony mode of operation, is capable of placing a receiving conventional wireless telephone calls, voice over internet protocol telephone calls, communicating via a wireless telephony protocol such as cellular voice or data protocol such as GSM, GPRS, AMPS, UMTS, EDGE or other wireless telephony protocol that can be used to communicate with a network, such as a wireless telephone or data network, the Internet or other network, via base station or access point (not expressly shown). In this fashion, a user can operatecommunication device 117′ as a wireless telephone to place and receive telephone calls, surf the Web or download ringtones, etc. In an embodiment of the present invention,communication device 117′ optionally includes a GPS receiver and generates position information that is used bycommunication device 117′ and/or a network for location-based services, for placing emergency calls such as 911 (e911) calls. - In addition,
communication device 117′ can be a dual mode or multi-mode device that can be used in a gaming mode of operation. In this mode,communication device 117′ optionally uses one or more sensors, such as a microphone, button, joy-stick, thumb wheel, motion sensor, touch screen or photo sensor, for generating gaming data in response to the actions of a user.Communication device 117′ includes a processing module that, in a gaming mode of operation, executes one or more gaming applications based on gaming data and that generatesdisplay data 800 in response thereto. Gaming data can be game commands and preferences, user selections, authentication data, control data, motion data or other data associated with a user's access to, set-up, and operation of a game. A transceiver included incommunication device 117′, such as a wireless telephony transceiver or other transceiver, sends thedisplay data 800 to adisplay device 806 via anRF signal 808.Display device 806 is optionally connected via a modem, network card or other interface, to network 807 such as the Internet or other data network. In this fashion,display device 806 can verify subscription information or other authentication data, provide gaming applications for download tocommunication device 117′ and provide other services, such as video, data and gaming services to displaydevice 806 when not in communication withcommunication device 117′, etc. - The
display device 806 is equipped with a compatible wireless transceiver orreceiver 802 for receiving thedisplay data 800 and presenting the display data to display 804. In an embodiment of the present invention, thedisplay data 800 is a stream of digital video data formatted in accordance with a Motion Picture Expert Group (MPEG) standard such as MPEG2 or MPEG4, formatted in accordance with another standard such as H.264, or formatted in accordance with another digital format. Thedisplay device 806 can be a home display device, such as a home computer, monitor, television or other display device that is equipped with or coupled to awireless transceiver 802 or other device.Display 804 can include a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), plasma display, projection screen or other display. In this fashion, a user ofcommunication device 117′ can play a game while using the device as a game controller to interact with the game. In addition, thecommunication device 117′ further operates as a game console to execute the game application that includes the game and to generatedisplay data 800 for display ondisplay device 806. - In another embodiment of the present invention, the
display device 806 includes a public display device such as a publicly accessible monitor television, display kiosk or other public display device. In operation, thecommunication device 117′, via its processing module, generates connection data for establishing a connection with the public display device. The connection data can include subscription data, such as a device identifier, user password, user ID, encryption key or other subscription and/or authentication data associated with either thecommunication device 117′, or a user of the communication device. In this fashion, the user can access public devices included in a subscription plan or access a public device on a pay-per use basis with billing being processed in accordance with the subscription information. Alternatively, the connection data can include payment data, such as credit card information or other billing information to effectuate access to the public display device on a pay-per-use basis. -
FIG. 49 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of acommunication device 117′ in accordance with the present invention. In particular, acommunication device 117′ is shown that is similar tocommunication device 10′ discussed in conjunction withFIG. 34 . Similar elements are referred to by common reference numerals. In addition,transceiver 79′ is a millimeter wave transceiver or other wireless transceiver that sends and/or receiver data via millimeter RF signals or other RF signals at other frequencies. Such millimeter wave RF signals can be in a 60 GHz or other millimeter wave frequency band. In an embodiment of the present invention,transceiver 73 operates as a wireless telephony transceiver in accordance with a cellular voice or data protocol such as GSM, GPRS, AMPS, UMTS, EDGE or other wirelesstelephony protocol Transceiver 73 optionally includes a GPS receiver for providing GPS data tocommunication device 117′ for use in the telephony mode of operation, the GPS mode of operation or in a separate map or navigation mode or operation. - In an embodiment of the present invention,
transceiver 79′ sends thedisplay data 800 to thedisplay device 806 in the gaming mode of operation, and further communicates connection data or other data betweencommunication device 117′ anddisplay device 806 in conjunction with the download, set-up and playing of one or more gaming applications. In an alternative embodiment,transceiver 73 further sends thedisplay data 800 to thedisplay device 806 in the gaming mode of operation and further communicates connection data or other data betweencommunication device 117′ anddisplay device 806 in conjunction with the download, set-up and playing of one or more gaming applications. - While
processing module 225 executes a gaming application, I/O module 71 can include a video graphics module for generating thedisplay data 800 based on gaming data generated byactuator 48, keyboard/keypad 58, motion sensor 17 or other sensors. Further, I/O module 71 can include a video game controller interface for receiving gaming data viatransceiver 79′ from one or more remote gaming devices as will be discussed further in conjunction withFIGS. 50-59 that follow. -
FIG. 50 is a schematic block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention that includescommunication device 117′. In particular, acommunication device 117′ is shown in optional communication with one or more remote gaming devices, such asremote gaming devices transceiver 73,transceiver 79′ or via an alternative receiver or transceiver such as an 802.11 or Bluetooth transceiver.Remote gaming devices other communication devices 117′, game controllers or other gaming objects as previously described or otherwise standard devices capable of communicatinggaming data communication device 117′. - In operation,
communication device 117′ can operate as a game console in executing a gaming application based on gaming data that includes gaming data generated viacommunication device 117′, and/or gaming data, such asgaming data remote gaming devices remote gaming devices communication device 117′ operating as a game console and/or with one player also operatingcommunication device 117′ as a game controller or other gaming object. -
FIG. 51 is a schematic block diagram representation of a gaming system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention that includescommunication device 117′. In particular, acommunication device 117′ is shown in optional communication with one or more othersimilar communication devices 117″ via for instance,transceiver 73,transceiver 79′ or via an alternative receiver or transceiver such as a 802.11 or Bluetooth transceiver.Communication device 117′ receivesgaming data 824 viaRF signals 822 transceived with thecommunication device 117″ and generates thedisplay data 800 based ongaming data 824 and/or based on its own internally generated gaming data. In operation,communication device 117′ can operate as a game console in executing a gaming application based on gaming data that includes gaming data generated viacommunication device 117′, and/or gaming data, such asgaming data 824 received fromcommunication device 117″ In this fashion, multiple users can engage in a multiplayer game via thecommunication device 117″ throughcommunication device 117′ operating as a game console and/or with one player also operatingcommunication device 117′ as a game controller or other gaming object. -
FIG. 52 is a pictorial representation of ascreen display 904 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, ascreen display 904 is show as displayed on an example display device such asdisplay device 806 that is generated bydisplay data 800. In this embodiment, thedisplay data 800 includes split screen data for simultaneous display of apicture 900 and apicture 902 on separate portions of the screen. In the example shown, thescreen display 904 is generated in conjunction with a gaming application that includes a hot air balloon race. Separate gaming data is received from two players, such as the users ofgaming devices gaming device 810 andcommunication device 117′, users of twocommunications devices 117″ or users ofcommunications devices 117″ and 117′. In this embodiment,picture 900 is based on the gaming data received from one device (gaming device communication device 117′ orcommunication device 117′) and thepicture 902 is based on the gaming data received from a different device (gaming device communication device 117′ orcommunication device 117′). In operation,communication device 117′, via a video graphics module or other device, generatesdisplay data 800 to implement the split screen based on gaming data from these two devices. In this fashion, multiple users can engage in a multiplayer game and view different perspectives, different view or different scenes to enhance the play of the game for the users. - While
display screen 904 is shown displaying twopictures communication device 117″ can be incorporated ingaming data 824 and processed via a video graphics module or other device to createdisplay data 800 that represents a composite of the display data received from thecommunication device 117″ and a video signal internally generated. For instance, elements ofdisplay data 800 can be generated in different layers with one layer being generated bycommunication device 117″ and another layer being generating bycommunication device 117′. More generally, some elements ofscreen display 904 can be generated bycommunication device 117″ and then incorporated indisplay data 800 to create a composite image that, for instance, superimposes the display data included ingaming data 824 in thedisplay data 800. -
FIG. 53 is a pictorial representation of ascreen display 914 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, ascreen display 914 is show as displayed on an example display device such asdisplay device 806 that is generated bydisplay data 800. In this embodiment, thedisplay data 800 includes picture in picture data for simultaneous display of apicture 910 and apicture 912 on separate portions of the screen. In the example shown, thescreen display 914 is generated in conjunction with a gaming application that includes a hot air balloon race. Separate gaming data is received from two players, such as the users ofgaming devices gaming device 810 andcommunication device 117′, users of twocommunications devices 117″ or users ofcommunications devices 117″ and 117′. In this embodiment,picture 910 is based on the gaming data received from one device (gaming device communication device 117′ orcommunication device 117′) and thepicture 912 is based on the gaming data received from a different device (gaming device communication device 117′ orcommunication device 117′). In operation,communication device 117′ via a video graphics module or other device generatesdisplay data 800 to implement the picture in picture screen based on gaming data from these two devices. In this fashion, multiple users can engage in a multiplayer game and view different perspectives, different view or different scenes to enhance the play of the game for the users. -
FIG. 54 is a flowchart representation of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction withFIGS. 1-53 . Instep 1000, a gaming application is executed based on gaming data. Instep 1002, display data is generated in response to the gaming data. Instep 1004, the display data is sent to a display device in a gaming mode of operation of the mobile communication device. Instep 1004, wireless telephony data is transceived with a wireless telephony network in a telephony mode of operation of the mobile communication device. In an embodiment of the present invention, the display device includes a home display device. -
FIG. 55 is a flowchart representation of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction withFIGS. 1-54 . In this embodiment, the display device includes a public display device, and the method includesstep 1010 of generating connection data andstep 1012 of establishing a connection with the public display device based on the connection data. The connection data can include subscription data associated with the mobile communication device and/or a user of the mobile communication device. The connection data can also include payment data. -
FIG. 56 is a flowchart representation of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction withFIGS. 1-55 . In an embodiment of the present invention the gaming data includes first data and wherein the method includes step 1020 of generating the first data in response to the actions of a user. -
FIG. 57 is a flowchart representation of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction withFIGS. 1-56 . In an embodiment of the present invention the gaming data includes first data and wherein the method includesstep 1030 of receiving the first data from a first remote gaming device. -
FIG. 58 is a flowchart representation of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction withFIGS. 1-57 . In an embodiment of the present invention the gaming data includes first data and wherein the method includesstep 1040 of receiving the second data from a second remote gaming device. -
FIG. 59 is a flowchart representation of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, a method is presented for use in conjunction with one or more of the functions and features described in conjunction withFIGS. 1-58 . Instep 1100, a gaming application is executed based on gaming data. Instep 1102, display data is generated based on the gaming data, wherein the gaming data includes first data and second data. In step 1104, the first data is generated in response to the actions of a user. Instep 1106, the second data is received from a remote communication device. Instep 1108 the display data is transmitted to a display device in a gaming mode of operation. - In an embodiment of the present invention, the display data includes split screen data for simultaneous display of a first picture and a second picture and wherein the first picture is based on the first data and the second picture is based on the second data. In another mode of operation, the display data includes picture-in-picture data for simultaneous display of a first picture and a second picture and wherein the first picture is based on the first data and the second picture is based on the second data. Further, the display data can include composite data that is based on the first data and the second data.
- As may be used herein, the terms “substantially” and “approximately” provides an industry-accepted tolerance for its corresponding term and/or relativity between items. Such an industry-accepted tolerance ranges from less than one percent to fifty percent and corresponds to, but is not limited to, component values, integrated circuit process variations, temperature variations, rise and fall times, and/or thermal noise. Such relativity between items ranges from a difference of a few percent to magnitude differences. As may also be used herein, the term(s) “coupled to” and/or “coupling” and/or includes direct coupling between items and/or indirect coupling between items via an intervening item (e.g., an item includes, but is not limited to, a component, an element, a circuit, and/or a module) where, for indirect coupling, the intervening item does not modify the information of a signal but may adjust its current level, voltage level, and/or power level. As may further be used herein, inferred coupling (i.e., where one element is coupled to another element by inference) includes direct and indirect coupling between two items in the same manner as “coupled to”. As may even further be used herein, the term “operable to” indicates that an item includes one or more of power connections, input(s), output(s), etc., to perform one or more its corresponding functions and may further include inferred coupling to one or more other items. As may still further be used herein, the term “associated with”, includes direct and/or indirect coupling of separate items and/or one item being embedded within another item. As may be used herein, the term “compares favorably”, indicates that a comparison between two or more items, signals, etc., provides a desired relationship. For example, when the desired relationship is that
signal 1 has a greater magnitude than signal 2, a favorable comparison may be achieved when the magnitude ofsignal 1 is greater than that of signal 2 or when the magnitude of signal 2 is less than that ofsignal 1. - The present invention has also been described above with the aid of method steps illustrating the performance of specified functions and relationships thereof. The boundaries and sequence of these functional building blocks and method steps have been arbitrarily defined herein for convenience of description. Alternate boundaries and sequences can be defined so long as the specified functions and relationships are appropriately performed. Any such alternate boundaries or sequences are thus within the scope and spirit of the claimed invention.
- The present invention has been described above with the aid of functional building blocks illustrating the performance of certain significant functions. The boundaries of these functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined for convenience of description. Alternate boundaries could be defined as long as the certain significant functions are appropriately performed. Similarly, flow diagram blocks may also have been arbitrarily defined herein to illustrate certain significant functionality. To the extent used, the flow diagram block boundaries and sequence could have been defined otherwise and still perform the certain significant functionality. Such alternate definitions of both functional building blocks and flow diagram blocks and sequences are thus within the scope and spirit of the claimed invention. One of average skill in the art will also recognize that the functional building blocks, and other illustrative blocks, modules and components herein, can be implemented as illustrated or by discrete components, application specific integrated circuits, processors executing appropriate software and the like or any combination thereof.
Claims (21)
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