US20090060750A1 - Fluid transportation device - Google Patents
Fluid transportation device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090060750A1 US20090060750A1 US12/222,882 US22288208A US2009060750A1 US 20090060750 A1 US20090060750 A1 US 20090060750A1 US 22288208 A US22288208 A US 22288208A US 2009060750 A1 US2009060750 A1 US 2009060750A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- transportation device
- fluid transportation
- fluid
- membrane
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
- F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
- F04B43/04—Pumps having electric drive
- F04B43/043—Micropumps
- F04B43/046—Micropumps with piezoelectric drive
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
- F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
- F04B43/04—Pumps having electric drive
- F04B43/043—Micropumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2210/00—Working fluid
- F05B2210/10—Kind or type
- F05B2210/11—Kind or type liquid, i.e. incompressible
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/60—Fluid transfer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S417/00—Pumps
Abstract
A fluid transportation device includes a valve seat, a valve cap, a valve membrane, multiple buffer chambers, a vibration film and an actuator. The valve membrane is arranged between the valve seat and the valve cap, and includes several hollow-types valve switches, which includes at least a first valve switch and a second valve switch. The multiple buffer chambers include a first buffer chamber between the valve membrane and the valve cap and a second buffer chamber between the valve membrane and the valve seat. The vibration film is separated from the valve cap when the fluid transportation device is in a non-actuation status, thereby defining a pressure cavity. The actuator is connected to the vibration film. When the actuator is driven to be subject to deformation, the vibration film connected to the actuator is transmitted to render a volume change of the pressure cavity and result in a pressure difference for moving the fluid.
Description
- The present invention relates to a fluid transportation device, and more particularly to a fluid transportation device for use in a micro pump.
- Nowadays, fluid transportation devices used in many sectors such as pharmaceutical industries, computer techniques, printing industries, energy industries are developed toward miniaturization. The fluid transportation devices used in for example micro pumps, micro atomizers, printheads or industrial printers are very important components. Consequently, it is critical to improve the fluid transportation devices.
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FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a micro pump in a non-actuation status. Themicro pump 10 principally comprises aninlet channel 13, amicro actuator 15, atransmission device 14, adiaphragm 12, acompression chamber 111, asubstrate 11 and anoutlet channel 16. Thecompression chamber 111 is defined between thediaphragm 12 and thesubstrate 11 and accommodates a fluid therein. Depending on the deformation amount of thediaphragm 12, the capacity of thecompression chamber 111 is varied. - When a voltage is applied on both electrodes of the
micro actuator 15, an electric field is generated. The electric field causes downward deformation of themicro actuator 15 such that themicro actuator 15 is moved toward thediaphragm 12 and thecompression chamber 111. As such, a pushing force generated by themicro actuator 15 is exerted on thetransmission device 14. Through thetransmission device 14, the pushing force is transmitted to thediaphragm 12 and thus thediaphragm 12 is distorted. Since thediaphragm 12 is compressed and deformed as shown inFIG. 11B , the fluid within thecompression chamber 111 will flow to a predetermined vessel (not shown) through theoutlet channel 16 in the direction indicated as the arrow X. With continuous flow of the fluid, the fluid in theinlet channel 13 is supplied to thecompression chamber 111. -
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the micro pump shown inFIG. 1A . As shown inFIG. 2 , the fluid is transported by the micro pump in the direction indicated as the arrow Y Themicro pump 10 has aninlet flow amplifier 17 and anoutlet flow amplifier 18. Theinlet flow amplifier 17 and theoutlet flow amplifier 18 are cone-shaped. The relatively larger end of theinlet flow amplifier 17 is connected to theinlet channel 191 and the relatively smaller end of theinlet flow amplifier 17 is connected to thecompression chamber 111. The relatively larger end of theoutlet flow amplifier 18 is connected to thecompression chamber 111 and the relatively smaller end of theoutlet flow amplifier 18 is connected to theoutlet channel 192. In addition, theinlet flow amplifier 17 and theoutlet flow amplifier 18 are arranged in the same direction. Due to the different flow resistances at both ends of the flow amplifiers and the volume expansion/compression of thecompression chamber 111, a unidirectional net flow rate is rendered. That is, the fluid flows from theinlet channel 191 into thecompression chamber 111 through theinlet flow amplifier 17 and then flows out of theoutlet channel 192 through theoutlet flow amplifier 18. - This
valveless micro pump 10, however, still has some drawbacks. For example, some fluid may return back to the input channel when the micro pump is in the actuation status. For enhancing the net flow rate, the compression ratio of thecompression chamber 111 should be increased to result in a sufficient chamber pressure. Under this circumstance, a costly micro actuator is required. - Therefore, there is a need of providing a fluid transportation device for use in a micro pump to obviate the drawbacks encountered from the prior art.
- It is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid transportation device. A valve seat, a valve membrane, a valve cap, an actuating module and a cover plate are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, thereby assembling the fluid transportation device. The actuating module is activated to deform the vibrating film and thus the volume of the pressure cavity is changed to result in a positive or negative pressure difference. In addition, the inlet/outlet valve structures of the valve membrane are quickly opened or closed. At the moment when the volume of the pressure cavity is expanded or shrunken, suction or impulse is generated to flow the fluid. The fluid transportation device of the present invention can transport gases or liquids at excellent flow rate and output pressure. By using the fluid transportation device of the present invention, the problem of returning back the fluid during fluid transportation is avoided.
- In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fluid transportation device for transporting a fluid. The fluid transportation device includes a valve seat, a valve cap, a valve membrane, multiple buffer chambers, a vibration film and an actuator. The valve seat has an inlet channel and an outlet channel. The valve cap is disposed on the valve seat. The valve membrane has substantially uniform thickness, is arranged between the valve seat and the valve cap, and includes several hollow-types valve switches, which includes at least a first valve switch and a second valve switch. The multiple buffer chambers include a first buffer chamber between the valve membrane and the valve cap and a second buffer chamber between the valve membrane and the valve seat. The vibration film has a periphery fixed on the valve cap. The vibration film has a periphery fixed on said valve cap, and is separated from the valve cap when the fluid transportation device is in a non-actuation status, thereby defining a pressure cavity. The actuator is connected to the vibration film. When the actuator is driven to be subject to deformation, the vibration film connected to the actuator is transmitted to render a volume change of the pressure cavity and result in a pressure difference for moving the fluid to be introduced from the inlet channel, flowed through the first valve switch, the first buffer chamber, the pressure cavity, the second buffer chamber and the second valve switch, and exhausted from the outlet channel.
- The above contents of the present invention will become more readily apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art after reviewing the following detailed description and accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a micro pump in a non-actuation status; -
FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a micro pump in an actuation status; -
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the micro pump shown in FIG 1A; -
FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view of a fluid transportation device according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the valve seat of the fluid transportation device shown inFIG. 3 ; -
FIG. 5A is a schematic backside view illustrating the valve cap of the fluid transportation device shown inFIG. 3 ; -
FIG. 5B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the valve cap shown inFIG. 5A ; -
FIGS. 6A , 6B and 6C schematically illustrate the valve membrane of the fluid transportation device shown inFIG. 3 ; -
FIG. 7A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the fluid transportation device in a non-actuation status according to the present invention; -
FIG. 7B is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the fluid transportation device of the present invention, in which the volume of the pressure cavity is expanded; -
FIG. 7C is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the fluid transportation- device of the present invention, in which the volume of the pressure cavity is shrunken; and -
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a process of fabricating a fluid transportation device according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention - The present invention will now be described more specifically with reference to the following embodiments. It is to be noted that the following descriptions of preferred embodiments of this invention are presented herein for purpose of illustration and description only. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to be limited to the precise form disclosed.
- Referring to
FIG. 3 , a schematic exploded view of a fluid transportation device according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. Thefluid transportation device 20 may be used in many sectors such as pharmaceutical industries, computer techniques, printing industries, energy industries for transporting fluids such as gases or liquids. Thefluid transportation device 20 principally comprises avalve seat 21, avalve cap 22, avalve membrane 23, several buffer chambers, anactuating module 24 and acover plate 25. Thevalve seat 21, thevalve cap 22 and thevalve membrane 23 collectively define a flowvalve seat assembly 201. Apressure cavity 226 is formed between thevalve cap 22 and theactuating module 24 for storing a fluid therein. - After the
valve membrane 23 is sandwiched between thevalve seat 21 and thevalve cap 22 and placed in proper positions such that thevalve seat 21 and thevalve cap 22 are disposed on opposite sides of thevalve membrane 23. A first buffer chamber is defined between thevalve membrane 23 and thevalve cap 22 and a second buffer chamber is defined between thevalve membrane 23 and thevalve seat 21. Theactuating module 24 is disposed above thevalve cap 22, and comprises avibration film 241 and anactuator 242. Theactuating module 24 is operated to actuate thefluid transportation device 20. Thecover plate 25 is disposed over theactuating module 24. Meanwhile, thevalve seat 21, thevalve membrane 23, thevalve cap 22, theactuating module 24 and thecover plate 25 are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, thereby assembling thefluid transportation device 20. - In particular, the
valve seat 21 and thevalve cap 22 are responsible for guiding the fluid into or out of thefluid transportation device 20.FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating thevalve seat 21 of thefluid transportation device 20 shown inFIG. 3 . Please refer toFIGS. 3 and 4 . Thevalve seat 21 comprises aninlet channel 211 and anoutlet channel 212. The ambient fluid is introduced into theinlet channel 211 and then transported to anopening 213 in asurface 210 of thevalve seat 21. In this embodiment, the second buffer chamber defined between thevalve membrane 23 and thevalve seat 21 is theoutlet buffer cavity 215, which is formed in thesurface 210 of thevalve seat 21 and over theoutlet channel 212. Theoutlet buffer cavity 215 is communicated with theoutlet channel 212 for temporarily storing the fluid therein. The fluid contained in theoutlet buffer cavity 215 is transported to theoutlet channel 212 through anotheropening 214 and then exhausted out of thevalve seat 21. Moreover, several recess structures are formed in thevalve seat 21 and several sealing rings 26 (as shown inFIG. 7A ) are embedded into corresponding recess structures. In this embodiment, thevalve seat 21 has tworecess structures opening 213 and anotherrecess structure 217 surrounding theoutlet buffer cavity 215. -
FIG. 5A is a schematic backside view illustrating thevalve cap 22 of thefluid transportation device 20 shown inFIG. 3 . Please refer toFIGS. 3 and 5A . Thevalve cap 22 has anupper surface 220 and alower surface 228. Thevalve cap 22 further comprises aninlet valve channel 221 and anoutlet valve channel 222, which are perforated from theupper surface 220 to thelower surface 228 of thevalve cap 22. Theinlet valve channel 221 is aligned with theopening 213 of thevalve seat 21. Theoutlet valve channel 222 is aligned with theopening 214 within theoutlet buffer cavity 215 of thevalve seat 21. In this embodiment, the first buffer chamber defined between thevalve membrane 23 and thevalve cap 22 is theinlet buffer cavity 223, which is formed in thelower surface 228 of thevalve cap 22 and under theinlet valve channel 221. Theinlet buffer cavity 223 is communicated with theinlet valve channel 221. -
FIG. 5B is a schematic cross-sectional view of thevalve cap 22 shown inFIG. 5A . As shown inFIG. 5B , thepressure cavity 226 is formed in theupper surface 220 of thevalve cap 22 corresponding to theactuator 242 of theactuating module 24. Thepressure cavity 226 is communicated with theinlet buffer cavity 223 through theinlet valve channel 221. Thepressure cavity 226 is also communicated with theoutlet valve channel 222. In a case that theactuator 242 is subject to upwardly convex deformation due to a voltage applied thereon, the volume of thepressure cavity 226 is expanded to result in a negative pressure difference from the ambient air. In response to the negative pressure difference, the fluid is transported into thepressure cavity 226 through theinlet valve channel 221. In a case that the direction of the electric field applied on theactuator 242 is changed such that theactuator 242 is subject to downwardly concave deformation, the volume of thepressure cavity 226 is shrunk to result in a positive pressure difference from the ambient air. In response to the positive pressure difference, the fluid is exhausted out of thepressure cavity 226 through theoutlet valve channel 222 while a portion of fluid is introduced into theinlet valve channel 221 and theinlet buffer cavity 223. Since theinlet valve structure 231 is pressed down to its closed position at this moment (as shown inFIG. 6C ), no fluid is allowed to flow through theinlet valve structure 231 and thus the fluid will not be returned back. Furthermore, if theactuator 242 is subject to upwardly convex deformation to expand the volume of thepressure cavity 226 again, the fluid temporarily stored in theinlet buffer cavity 223 will be transported into thepressure cavity 226 through theinlet valve channel 221. - Similarly, the
valve cap 22 further has several recess structures. In this embodiment, thevalve cap 22 has arecess structure 227 formed in theupper surface 220 and surrounding thepressure cavity 226. Thevalve cap 22 has anotherrecess structure 224 formed in thelower surface 228 and surrounding theinlet buffer cavity 223. In addition,valve cap 22 hasrecess structures lower surface 228 and annularly surrounding theoutlet valve channel 222. Similarly, several sealing rings 27 (as shown inFIG. 7A ) are embedded intocorresponding recess structures -
FIG. 6A is a schematic top view of thevalve membrane 23 of thefluid transportation device 20 shown inFIG. 3 . Please refer toFIGS. 3 and 6A . Thevalve membrane 23 is produced by a conventional machining process, a photolithography and etching process, a laser machining process, an electroforming process, an electric discharge machining process and so on. Thevalve membrane 23 is a sheet-like membrane with substantially uniform thickness and comprises several hollow-types valve switches (e.g. first and second valve switches). In this embodiment, the first valve switch is aninlet valve structure 231 and the second valve switch is anoutlet valve structure 232. Theinlet valve structure 231 comprises aninlet valve slice 2313 andseveral perforations 2312 formed in the periphery of theinlet valve slice 2313. In addition, theinlet valve structure 231 hasseveral extension parts 2311 between theinlet valve slice 2313 and theperforations 2312. In a case that a stress transmitted from thepressure cavity 226 is exerted on thevalve membrane 23, the wholeinlet valve structure 231 is pressed down to lie flat on the valve seat 21 (as shown inFIG. 7C ). In other words, theinlet valve slice 2313 is in close contact with the sealingring 26 received in therecess structure 216 so as to seal theopening 213 of thevalve seat 21 while theperforations 2312 and theextension parts 2311 are floated over thevalve seat 21. Under this circumstance, theinlet valve structure 231 is in a closed position and thus no fluid can flow therethrough. - If the volume of the
pressure cavity 226 is expanded to result in suction, the sealingring 26 received in therecess structure 216 will provide a pre-force on theinlet valve structure 231. Since theextension parts 2311 may facilitate supporting theinlet valve slice 2313 to result in a stronger sealing effect, the fluid will not be returned back through theinlet valve structure 231. If a negative pressure difference in thepressure cavity 226 causes upward shift of the inlet valve structure 231 (as shown inFIG. 6B ), the fluid is flowed from thevalve seat 21 into theinlet buffer cavity 223 through theperforations 2312 and then transmitted to thepressure cavity 226 through theinlet buffer cavity 223 and theinlet valve channel 221. Under this circumstance, theinlet valve structure 231 is selectively opened or closed in response to the positive or negative pressure difference in thepressure cavity 226, so that the fluid is controlled to flow through the fluid transportation device without being returned back to thevalve seat 21. - Similarly, the
outlet valve structure 232 comprises anoutlet valve slice 2323 andseveral perforations 2322 formed in the periphery of theoutlet valve slice 2323. In addition, theoutlet valve structure 232 hasseveral extension parts 2321 between theoutlet valve slice 2323 and theperforations 2322. The operation principles of theoutlet valve slice 2323, theextension parts 2321 and theperforations 2322 included in theoutlet valve structure 232 are similar to corresponding components of theinlet valve structure 231, and are not redundantly described herein. On the other hand, the sealing rings 26 in the vicinity of theoutlet valve structure 232 are opposed to the sealing rings 27 in the vicinity of theinlet valve structure 231. If the volume of thepressure cavity 226 is shrunken to result in an impulse (as shown inFIG. 6C ), the sealingring 27 received in therecess structure 225 will provide a pre-force on theoutlet valve structure 232. Since theextension parts 2321 may facilitate supporting theoutlet valve slice 2323 to result in a stronger sealing effect, the fluid will not be returned back through theoutlet valve structure 232. If a positive pressure difference in thepressure cavity 226 causes downward shift of theoutlet valve structure 232, the fluid is flowed from thepressure cavity 226 into theoutput buffer chamber 215 through theperforations 2322 of thevalve seat 21 and then exhausted out of thefluid transportation device 20 through theopening 214 and theoutlet channel 212. Under this circumstance, theoutlet valve structure 232 is opened to drain out the fluid contained in thepressure cavity 226 so as to transport the fluid. -
FIG. 7A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the fluid transportation device in a non-actuation status according to the present invention. In this embodiment, three sealingrings 26 are respectively received in therecess structures rings 27 are respectively received in therecess structures ring 26 received in therecess structure 216 and surrounding theopening 213 is a cylindrical ring. The thickness of the sealingring 26 is greater than the depth of therecess structure 216 such that the sealingring 26 is partially protruded from theupper surface 210 of thevalve seat 21. Since the sealingring 26 is partially protruded from theupper surface 210 of thevalve seat 21, theinlet valve slice 2313 of thevalve membrane 23 that lies flat on thevalve seat 21 is raised but the remainder of thevalve membrane 23 is sustained against thevalve cap 22 such that the sealingring 26 received in therecess structure 216 will provide a pre-force on theinlet valve structure 231. The pre-force results in a stronger sealing effect, and thus the fluid will not be returned back through theinlet valve structure 231. In addition, since the raised structure of the sealingring 26 is in the vicinity of theinlet valve structure 231 of thevalve membrane 23, a gap is formed between theinlet valve slice 2313 and theupper surface 210 of thevalve seat 21 if theinlet valve structure 231 is not actuated. Similarly, the sealingring 27 received in therecess structure 225 and surrounding theoutlet valve channel 222 is also a cylindrical ring. Since the sealingring 27 is formed in thelower surface 228 of thevalve cap 22, the sealingring 27 is partially protruded from therecess structure 225 to form a raised structure. Consequently, the sealingring 27 received in therecess structure 225 will provide a pre-force on theoutlet valve structure 232. The raised structure of the sealingring 27 and the raised structure of the sealingring 26 are arranged on opposite sides of thevalve membrane 23. The functions of the raised structure of the sealingring 27 are similar to that of the raised structure of the sealingring 26, and are not redundantly described herein. The sealing rings 26, 27 and 28 received in therecess structures valve seat 21 and thevalve membrane 23, between thevalve membrane 23 and thevalve cap 22, and between thevalve cap 22 and theactuating module 24 to avoid fluid leakage. - In the above embodiments, the raised structures are defined by the recess structures and corresponding sealing rings. Alternatively, the raised structures may be directly formed on the
valve seat 21 and thevalve cap 22 by a photolithography and etching process, an electroplating process or an electroforming process. - Please refer to
FIGS. 7A , 7B and 7C. Thecover plate 25, theactuating module 24, thevalve cap 22, thevalve membrane 23, the sealing rings 26 and thevalve seat 21 are assembled as described above. As shown in the drawings, theopening 213 of thevalve seat 21 is aligned with theinlet valve structure 231 of thevalve membrane 23 and theinlet valve channel 221 of thevalve cap 22. In addition, theopening 214 of thevalve seat 21 is aligned with theoutlet valve structure 232 of thevalve membrane 23 and theoutlet valve channel 222 of thevalve cap 22. Since the sealingring 26 received in therecess structure 216 is partially protruded from therecess structure 216, theinlet valve structure 231 of thevalve membrane 23 is slightly raised from thevalve seat 21. Under this circumstance, the sealingring 26 received in therecess structure 216 will provide a pre-force on theinlet valve structure 231. If theinlet valve structure 231 is not actuated, a gap is formed between theinlet valve structure 231 and theupper surface 210 of thevalve seat 21. Similarly, the sealingring 27 received in therecess structure 225 results in gap between theoutlet valve structure 232 and thelower surface 228 of thevalve cap 22. - When a voltage is applied on the
actuator 242, theactuating module 24 is subject to deformation. As shown inFIG. 7B , theactuating module 24 is upwardly deformed in the direction “a” and thus the volume of thepressure cavity 226 is expanded to result in suction. Due to the suction, theinlet valve structure 231 and theoutlet valve structure 232 of thevalve membrane 23 are uplifted. Meanwhile, theinlet valve slice 2313 of theinlet valve structure 231 possessing the pre-force is quickly opened (as also shown inFIG. 6B ) so that a great amount of fluid is introduced into theinlet channel 211 of thevalve seat 21, transported through theopening 213 of thevalve seat 21, theperforations 2312 of theinlet valve structure 231 of thevalve membrane 23, theinlet buffer chamber 223 of thevalve cap 22, theinlet valve channel 221 of thevalve cap 22, and flowed into thepressure cavity 226. Since theinlet valve structure 231 and theoutlet valve structure 232 of thevalve membrane 23 are uplifted at this moment, theoutlet valve channel 222 of thevalve cap 22 is blocked by theoutlet valve slice 2323 ofoutlet valve structure 232. Consequently, theoutlet valve structure 232 is closed to prevent the fluid from being returned back. - In a case that the
actuating module 24 is downwardly deformed in the direction “b” by switching the electric field (as shown inFIG. 7C ), the volume of thepressure cavity 226 is shrunken to exert an impulse on the fluid in thepressure cavity 226. Due to the impulse, theinlet valve structure 231 and theoutlet valve structure 232 of thevalve membrane 23 are moved downwardly such that theoutlet valve slice 2323 ofoutlet valve structure 232 is quickly opened (as shown inFIG. 6C ). Meanwhile, the fluid in thepressure cavity 226 is flowed through theoutlet valve channel 222 of thevalve cap 22, theperforations 2322 of theoutlet valve structure 232 of thevalve membrane 23, theoutlet buffer chamber 215 of thevalve seat 21, theopening 214 and theoutlet channel 212, and then exhausted out of thefluid transportation device 20. Since the impulse is also exerted on theinlet valve structure 231, theopening 213 is blocked by theinlet valve slice 2313. Consequently, theinlet valve structure 231 is closed to prevent the fluid from being returned back. In other words, theinlet valve structure 231, theoutlet valve structure 232 and the sealing rings 26 and 27 received in therecess structures - The
valve seat 21 and thevalve cap 22 used in thefluid transportation device 20 of the present invention is preferably made of thermoplastic material such as polycarbonate (PC), polysulfone (PSF), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) resin, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), syndiotactic polystyrene (SPS), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyacetal (POM), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) and so no. Preferably, thepressure cavity 226 has a depth of 100 μm to 300 μm and a diameter of 10 mm to 30 mm. - The
valve membrane 23 is separated from thevalve seat 21 and thevalve cap 22 by a gap of 10 μm to 790 μm (preferably 180 μm to 300 μm). The vibratingfilm 241 of theactuating module 24 is separated from thevalve cap 22 by a gap of 10 μm to 790 μm (preferably 100 μm to 300 μm). - The
valve membrane 23 may be produced by a conventional machining process, a photolithography and etching process, a laser machining process, an electroforming process, an electric discharge machining process and so on. Thevalve membrane 23 is made of excellent chemical-resistant organic polymeric material having a Young's modulus of 2 to 20 GPa or metallic material having a Young's modulus (or elastic modulus) of 2 to 240 GPa. An example of the organic polymeric material includes polyimide (PI) (Young's modulus=10 GPa). An example of the metallic material includes but is not limited to aluminum (Young's modulus=70 GPa), aluminum alloy, nickel (Young's modulus=210 GPa), nickel alloy, copper, copper alloy or stainless steal (Young's modulus=240 GPa). The thickness of thevalve membrane 23 is ranged from 10 μm to 50 μm, preferably from 21 μm to 40 μm. - In a case that the
valve membrane 23 is made of polyimide (PI), thevalve membrane 23 is preferably produced by a reactive ion etching (RIE) process. After a photosensitive photoresist is applied on the valve structure and the pattern of the valve structure is exposed and developed, the polyimide layer uncovered by the photoresist is etched so as to define the valve structure of thevalve membrane 23. In a case that thevalve membrane 23 is made of stainless steel, thevalve membrane 23 is preferably produced by a photolithography and etching process, a laser machining process or a machining process. By using the photolithography and etching process, a photoresist pattern of the valve structure is formed on a stainless steel piece, and then dipped in a solution of FeCl3 and HCl to perform a wet etching procedure. The stainless steel piece uncovered by the photoresist is etched so as to define the valve structure of thevalve membrane 23. In a case that thevalve membrane 23 is made of nickel, thevalve membrane 23 is preferably produced by an electroforming process. After a photoresist pattern of the valve structure is formed on a stainless steel piece by a photolithography and etching process, the stainless steel piece uncovered by the photoresist is electroformed by nickel. Until the nickel thickness is desired, the nickel is detached from the stainless steel piece so as to form thevalve membrane 23 having thevalve structures valve membrane 23 may be produced by a precise punching process, a conventional machining process, a laser machining process, an electroforming process or an electric discharge machining process. - In some embodiments, the
actuator 242 of theactuating module 24 is a piezoelectric strip made of highly piezoelectric material such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT). Theactuator 24 has a thickness of 100 μm to 500 μm (preferably 150 μm to 250 μm) and a Young's modulus of about 100 to 150 GPa. - The
vibration film 241 is a single-layered metallic structure having a thickness of 10 μm to 300 μm (preferable 100 μm to 250 μm). For example, thevibration film 241 is made of stainless steel (having a thickness of 140 μm to 160 μm and a Young's modulus of 240 GPa) or copper (having a thickness of 190 μm to 210 μm and a Young's modulus of 100 GPa). Alternatively, thevibration film 241 is a two-layered structure, which includes a metallic layer and a biochemical-resistant polymeric sheet attached on the metallic layer. - In some embodiments, for complying with the requirement of large flow rate transportation, the
actuator 242 of theactuating module 24 is operated at a frequency of 10˜50 Hz and under the following conditions. - For example, the
actuator 24 has a rigid property and a thickness of about 100 μm to 500 μm. Preferably, theactuator 24 has a thickness of about 150 μm to 250 μm and a Young's modulus of about 100 to 150 GPa. In addition, thevibration film 241 is a single-layered metallic structure having a thickness of 10 μm to 300 μm (preferable 100 μm to 250 μm) and a Young's modulus of 60 to 300 GPa. For example, thevibration film 241 is made of stainless steel (having a thickness of 140 μm to 160 μm and a Young's modulus of 240 GPa) or copper (having a thickness of 190 μm to 210 μm and a Young's modulus of 100 GPa). Alternatively, thevibration film 241 is a two-layered structure, which includes a metallic layer and a biochemical-resistant polymeric sheet attached on the metallic layer. Each of theinlet valve structure 231 and theoutlet valve structure 232 is made of excellent chemical-resistant organic polymeric or metallic material having a thickness of 10 μm to 50 μm and a Young's modulus of 2 to 240 GPa. Thevalve membrane 23 is made of polymeric material having a Young's modulus of 2 to 20 GPa, such as polyimide (PI) (Young's modulus=10 GPa); metallic material having a Young's modulus of 2 to 240 GPa, such as aluminum (Young's modulus=70 GPa), aluminum alloy, nickel (Young's modulus=210 GPa), nickel alloy, copper, copper alloy or stainless steal (Young's modulus=240 GPa). In addition, thevalve membrane 23 is separated from thevalve seat 21 and thevalve cap 22 by a gap of 10 μm to 790 μm (preferably 180 μm to 300 μm). - By selecting proper parameters of the
actuator 242, the vibratingfilm 241, thepressure cavity 226 and thevalve membrane 23, theinlet valve structure 231 and theoutlet valve structure 232 of thevalve membrane 23 are selectively opened or closed. Consequently, a unidirectional net flow rate of the fluid is rendered and the fluid in thepressure cavity 226 is transported at a flow rate of 5 cc/min. - From the above description, when the
fluid transportation device 20 of the present invention is actuated by theactuating module 24, theinlet valve structure 231 of thevalve membrane 23 and the sealingring 26 in therecess structure 216 are cooperated to open theinlet valve structure 231 such that the fluid is transported to thepressure cavity 226. Next, by switching the electric field of theactuating module 24, the volume of thepressure cavity 226 is changed. Theoutlet valve structure 232 of thevalve membrane 23 and the sealingring 27 in therecess structure 225 are cooperated to open theoutlet valve structure 232 such that the fluid is transported out of thepressure cavity 226. Since the suction or the impulse generated when the volume of thepressure cavity 226 is expanded or shrunken is very large, the valve structures are quickly opened to transport a great amount of fluid and prevent the fluid from being returned back. - Hereinafter, a process of fabricating a fluid transportation device of the present invention will be illustrated with reference to the flowchart of
FIG. 8 and the exploded view ofFIG. 3 . First of all, avalve seat 21 is provided (Step S81). Next, avalve cap 22 having apressure cavity 226 is provided (Step S82). Next, raised structures are formed on thevalve seat 21 and the valve cap 22 (Step S83). The raised structures may be formed as described inFIG. 3 . That is, at least one recess structure is formed in each of thevalve seat 21 and thevalve cap 22. For example, a sealingring 26 is received in therecess structure 216 of the valve seat 21 (as shown inFIG. 7A ). Since the sealingring 26 received in therecess structure 216 is partially protruded from theupper surface 210 of thevalve seat 21, a raised structure is formed on theupper surface 210 of thevalve seat 21. Likewise, since the sealingring 27 received in therecess structure 225 is partially protruded from thelower surface 228 of thevalve cap 22, another raised structure is formed on thelower surface 228 of the valve cap 22 (as shown inFIG. 5B ). Alternatively, the raised structures may be directly formed on thevalve seat 21 and thevalve cap 22 by a photolithography and etching process, an electroplating process or an electroforming process. - Next, a flexible membrane is used to define the
valve membrane 23 having thevalve structures 231 and 232 (Step S84). Next, a vibratingfilm 241 is formed (Step S85) and anactuator 242 is formed (Step S86). Theactuator 242 is attached on the vibratingfilm 241 to form an actuating module 24 (Step S87), in which theactuator 242 faces thepressure cavity 226. Next, thevalve membrane 23 is sandwiched between thevalve seat 21 and thevalve cap 22 to define a flow valve seat assembly 201 (Step S88) such that thevalve seat 21 and thevalve cap 22 are disposed on opposite sides of thevalve membrane 23. Afterwards, theactuating module 24 is placed on thevalve cap 22 and thepressure cavity 226 of thevalve cap 22 is sealed by theactuating module 24, thereby fabricating the fluid transportation device of the present invention (Step S89). - The fluid transportation device of the present invention is applicable to a micro pump. The valve seat, the valve membrane, the valve cap, the actuating module and the cover plate are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, thereby assembling the fluid transportation device. The actuating module is activated to change the volume of the pressure cavity so as to open or close the inlet/outlet valve structures of the valve membrane. The sealing rings and the recess structures in the valve seat or the valve cap are cooperated to facilitate fluid transportation. The fluid transportation device of the present invention can transport gases or liquids at excellent flow rate and output pressure. The fluid can be pumped in the initial state and with a high precision controllability. Since the fluid transportation device is able to transport gases, the bubble generated during the fluid transportation may be removed so as to achieve efficient transportation.
- While the invention has been described in terms of what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention needs not be limited to the disclosed embodiment. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims which are to be accorded with the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar structures.
Claims (15)
1. A fluid transportation device for transporting a fluid, said fluid transportation device comprising:
a valve seat having an inlet channel and an outlet channel;
a valve cap disposed on said valve seat;
a valve membrane having substantially uniform thickness, arranged between said valve seat and said valve cap, and comprising several hollow-types valve switches, which includes at least a first valve switch and a second valve switch;
multiple buffer chambers including a first buffer chamber between said valve membrane and said valve cap and a second buffer chamber between said valve membrane and said valve seat;
a vibration film having a periphery fixed on said valve cap, wherein said vibration film is separated from said valve cap when said fluid transportation device is in a non-actuation status, thereby defining a pressure cavity; and
an actuator connected to said vibration film, wherein when said actuator is driven to be subject to deformation, said vibration film connected to said actuator is transmitted to render a volume change of said pressure cavity and result in a pressure difference for moving said fluid to be introduced from said inlet channel, flowed through said first valve switch, said first buffer chamber, said pressure cavity, said second buffer chamber and said second valve switch, and exhausted from said outlet channel.
2. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said valve seat and said valve cap have several recess structures, and said fluid transportation device further comprises several sealing rings received in corresponding recess structures but partially protruded from said recess structures so as to provide a pre-force on said valve membrane.
3. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said valve membrane has a thickness of 10 μm to 50 μm.
4. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said valve membrane has a thickness of 21 μm to 40 μm.
5. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said valve membrane is made of polymeric material having an elastic modulus of 2 to 20 GPa.
6. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said valve membrane is made of metallic material having an elastic modulus of 2 to 240 GPa.
7. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said actuator is a piezoelectric strip having a thickness of 100 μm to 500 μm.
8. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said actuator is a piezoelectric strip having a thickness of 150 μm to 250 μm.
9. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said vibration film is a single-layered metallic structure.
10. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said vibration film is a two-layered structure, which includes a metallic layer and a biochemical-resistant polymeric sheet attached on said metallic layer.
11. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said vibration film has a thickness of 10 μm to 300 μm.
12. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said vibration film has a thickness of 100 μm to 250 μm.
13. The fluid transportation device according to claim 1 wherein said pressure cavity has a depth of 100 μm to 300 μm and a diameter of 10 mm to 30 mm.
14. A fluid transportation device for transporting a fluid, said fluid transportation device comprising:
a valve seat having an inlet channel, an outlet channel and at least one recess structure;
a valve cap disposed on said valve seat and comprising at least one recess structure;
a valve membrane having substantially uniform thickness of 10 μm to 50 μm, arranged between said valve seat and said valve cap, and comprising several hollow-types valve switches, which includes at least a first valve switch and a second valve switch;
multiple buffer chambers including a first buffer chamber between said valve membrane and said valve cap and a second buffer chamber between said valve membrane and said valve seat;
a vibration film having a periphery fixed on said valve cap, wherein said vibration film is separated from said valve cap when said fluid transportation device is in a non-actuation status, thereby defining a pressure cavity;
several sealing rings received in corresponding recess structures of said valve seat and said valve cap but partially protruded from said recess structures so as to provide a pre-force on said valve membrane; and
an actuator connected to said vibration film, wherein when said actuator is driven to be subject to deformation, said vibration film connected to said actuator is transmitted to render a volume change of said pressure cavity and result in a pressure difference for moving said fluid to be introduced from said inlet channel, flowed through said first valve switch, said first buffer chamber, said pressure cavity, said second buffer chamber and said second valve switch, and exhausted from said outlet channel.
15. A fluid transportation device for transporting a fluid, said fluid transportation device comprising:
a valve seat having an inlet channel, an outlet channel and at least one recess restructure;
a valve cap disposed on said valve seat and comprising at least one recess restructure;
a valve membrane having substantially uniform thickness of 10 μm to 50 μm, arranged between said valve seat and said valve cap, and comprising several hollow-types valve switches, which includes at least a first valve switch and a second valve switch;
multiple buffer chambers including a first buffer chamber between said valve membrane and said valve cap and a second buffer chamber between said valve membrane and said valve seat;
a vibration film having a periphery fixed on said valve cap, wherein said vibration film is separated from said valve cap by a gap of 100 μm to 300 μm when said fluid transportation device is in a non-actuation status, thereby defining a pressure cavity;
several sealing rings received in corresponding recess structures of said valve seat and said valve cap but partially protruded from said recess structures so as to provide a pre-force on said valve membrane; and
an actuator connected to said vibration film, wherein when said actuator is driven to be subject to deformation, said vibration film connected to said actuator is transmitted to render a volume change of said pressure cavity and result in a pressure difference for moving said fluid to be introduced from said inlet channel, flowed through said first valve switch, said first buffer chamber, said pressure cavity, said second buffer chamber and said second valve switch, and exhausted from said outlet channel.
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CN200710147239.1 | 2007-08-30 | ||
CN2007101472391A CN101377192B (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2007-08-30 | Fluid delivery device |
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US20090060750A1 true US20090060750A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
Family
ID=40052135
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US12/222,882 Abandoned US20090060750A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2008-08-19 | Fluid transportation device |
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US (1) | US20090060750A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2031248B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4947601B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100976911B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101377192B (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2031248A2 (en) | 2009-03-04 |
EP2031248B1 (en) | 2014-05-14 |
CN101377192A (en) | 2009-03-04 |
KR20090023210A (en) | 2009-03-04 |
JP2009057963A (en) | 2009-03-19 |
KR100976911B1 (en) | 2010-08-18 |
CN101377192B (en) | 2012-06-13 |
EP2031248A3 (en) | 2010-01-20 |
JP4947601B2 (en) | 2012-06-06 |
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