US20090315501A1 - Robot battery charging station and robot for use therewith - Google Patents

Robot battery charging station and robot for use therewith Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090315501A1
US20090315501A1 US12/264,917 US26491708A US2009315501A1 US 20090315501 A1 US20090315501 A1 US 20090315501A1 US 26491708 A US26491708 A US 26491708A US 2009315501 A1 US2009315501 A1 US 2009315501A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
robot
charging station
battery charging
power source
control device
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Granted
Application number
US12/264,917
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US8106626B2 (en
Inventor
Xiong Li
Kim-Yeung Sip
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Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Assigned to HONG FU JIN PRECISION INDUSTRY (SHENZHEN) CO., LTD., HON HAI PRECISION INDUSTRY CO., LTD. reassignment HONG FU JIN PRECISION INDUSTRY (SHENZHEN) CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LI, Xiong, SIP, KIM-YEUNG
Publication of US20090315501A1 publication Critical patent/US20090315501A1/en
Priority to US13/300,676 priority Critical patent/US8476867B2/en
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Publication of US8106626B2 publication Critical patent/US8106626B2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J5/00—Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages
    • B25J5/007—Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages mounted on wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/006—Control or measuring arrangements
    • A01D34/008—Control or measuring arrangements for automated or remotely controlled operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2805—Parameters or conditions being sensed
    • A47L9/2831—Motor parameters, e.g. motor load or speed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2868—Arrangements for power supply of vacuum cleaners or the accessories thereof
    • A47L9/2873—Docking units or charging stations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2894—Details related to signal transmission in suction cleaners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
    • B25J19/005—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators using batteries, e.g. as a back-up power source
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/52—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by DC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2201/00—Robotic cleaning machines, i.e. with automatic control of the travelling movement or the cleaning operation
    • A47L2201/02—Docking stations; Docking operations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2201/00—Robotic cleaning machines, i.e. with automatic control of the travelling movement or the cleaning operation
    • A47L2201/02—Docking stations; Docking operations
    • A47L2201/022—Recharging of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/40—Working vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/20—Drive modes; Transition between modes
    • B60L2260/32—Auto pilot mode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to robots, and particularly, to a robot battery charging station.
  • Autonomous machines and devices such as autonomous robots, have been designed for performing various industrial and domestic functions. These domestic functions include lawn mowing, vacuum cleaning, floor sweeping and general maintenance.
  • Autonomous robots typically operate in accordance with various computer programs that are part of the operating system of the robots. Additionally, many of these autonomous robots are battery powered, and need to be recharged once they are out of battery power. Additionally, when out of battery power, these autonomous robots are immobilized where the power ran out and may be troublesome to locate or reach.
  • the autonomous robots must be located and manually brought to the charging unit, which is typically an electrical outlet. This process is time-consuming, in addition to the time spent waiting for the robot to fully recharge.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a battery charging station according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view of a robot according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the robot of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of charging the robot of FIG. 2 .
  • FIGS. 5-6 are schematic views detailing movement of the robot during charging.
  • the battery charging station 110 for receiving a robot or a suitable autonomous machine to charge in accordance with one embodiment of the invention is shown.
  • the battery charging station 110 includes a base 112 , two barriers 114 , a stop 116 and a supporting arm 118 .
  • the base 112 , the barriers 114 , the stop 116 and the supporting arm 118 are typically made from plastic material and joined by mechanical techniques or chemical fasteners.
  • the base 112 includes an inclined portion 112 a and a docking portion 112 b joined with the inclined portion 112 a .
  • the docking portion 112 b defines a flat surface 112 c for docking the robot.
  • the inclined portion 112 a is configured for allowing the robot to easily climb to the docking portion 112 b for charging, when low on battery power.
  • the barriers 114 are configured for guiding the robot to the correct position when docking.
  • the barriers 114 are separately mounted on docking portion 112 b of the base 112 and together with the inclined portion 112 a to form a passage for the robot.
  • Each barrier 114 includes a guiding portion 114 a and a locating portion 114 b connected on an end of the guiding portion 114 a .
  • the guiding portions 114 a are inclined with respect to and facing away from the corresponding connected locating portion 114 b.
  • the stop 116 is configured for preventing the robot from travelling beyond the battery charging station during docking.
  • the stop 116 is mounted on the docking portion 112 b of the base 112 , against the barriers 114 , but away from the inclined portion of the base 112 .
  • the base 112 , the barriers 114 and the stop 116 collectively form a docking space 120 for receiving the robot.
  • the supporting arm 118 is mounted on an upper portion of the stop 116 by one end thereof.
  • the other end of the supporting arm 118 protrudes above the docking space 120 and is configured for supporting a charging connector 122 thereon for supplying power to the robot when charging.
  • the distance between the charging connector 122 with respect to the stop 116 is equal to that of the charging connector 122 with respect to each locating portion 114 b of the barriers 114 .
  • the charging connector 122 may be connected to an external power source, such as an electrical outlet, via cord or other connection medium.
  • the battery charging station 110 further includes a transmitter 124 located on the supporting arm 118 and is configured for emitting identifiable signals, for the robot to determine the location of the battery charging station 110 , and for the robot to navigate along a predefined pathinto the battery charging station 110 .
  • the signals may be a radio signal, a light signal, or any other signal whose intensity is greatest when closest to its transmission source.
  • the robot 140 includes a round-shaped chassis 142 and a hemispherical shell 144 positioned over the chassis 142 and covering the chassis 142 .
  • the center of the shell 144 is aligned with the center of the chassis 142 and the diameter of the shell is equal to or less than that of the chassis.
  • the radius of the chassis 142 is equal to the distances of the charging connector 122 with respect to both the barriers 114 and the stop 116 .
  • the charging connector 122 battery charging station aligns with the center portion of the shell 144 and electrically couples to the charging elements in the center portion of the shell 144 , thus enabling an electrical connection between the robot 140 and the battery charging station 110 .
  • the chassis 142 includes an upper surface 142 a and a lower surface 142 b on the flip side of the upper surface 142 a .
  • Three wheels 146 are rotatably mounted on the lower surface 142 b and can be driven by a driving motor (not shown) to drive the robot to move.
  • the chassis 142 also includes three extendable legs 148 which can be extended for lifting the robot 140 to electrically connect the robot 140 to the battery charging station 110 for charging.
  • the length of the legs 148 with respect to the lower surface 142 b of the chassis 142 is longer than that of the wheels 146 when the legs 148 are extended.
  • the extendable legs 148 may be any other types of extensible structure which can be adjusted in length, such as telescopic or folding legs.
  • the legs 148 are capable of extending automatically via the driving motors (not shown in the figures).
  • an extending device 150 carries out the automatic expansion of the legs 148 .
  • the extending device 150 includes a substrate 152 , a driven portion 156 and a driving motor 160 .
  • the substrate 152 includes a first surface 152 a and a second surface 152 b corresponding to the first surface 152 a .
  • the substrate 152 defines a through hole 154 on the center portion thereof and is stacked on the upper surface 142 a of the chassis 142 via the second surface 152 b .
  • the driven portion 156 is formed on the upper surface 142 a and protrudes out from the substrate 152 by running through the through hole 154 of the substrate 152 .
  • a toothed bar 158 is formed on the side wall of the driven portion 156 along a direction parallel to the axis of the driven portion 156 .
  • the driving motor 160 is mounted on the first surface 152 a of the substrate 152 and has a shaft 162 and a gear 164 connected to an end of the shaft 162 .
  • the gear 164 of the driving motor 160 is engaged with the toothed bar 158 .
  • the legs 148 are separately mounted on the second surface 152 b of the substrate 152 and partially extends through the chassis 142 from the corresponding hole 145 defined on the chassis 142 .
  • the gear 164 is rotated by the shaft 162 of the driving motor 160 , the driven portion 156 can move upwards or downwards with respect to the gear 164 .
  • the chassis 142 connected with the driven portion 156 moves following the movement of the driven portion 156 .
  • the legs 148 can extend or retract from chassis 142 and lifts or lowers the chassis 142 of the robot 140 .
  • the robot 140 can automatically establish an electrical connection with the charging connector 122 of the battery charging station 110 for charging.
  • the robot 140 also includes a detection sensor 166 and a control device 168 , both of which are attached on the first surface 152 a of the substrate 152 .
  • the control device 168 is configured for controlling the robot 140 to charge automatically when the power of the robot drops to a predefined level.
  • the detection sensor 166 is configured for detecting and receiving the signals emitted from the transmitter 124 , subsequently transmitting those signals to the control device 168 for further processing.
  • the control device 168 is configured for receiving the signals detected by the detection sensor 166 and determining the location of the robot 140 with respect to the battery charging station 110 according to the signals, subsequently driving the robot 140 to move towards the battery charging station 110 by traveling along a predefined traveling trace, and controlling the legs to elongate and uplift the robot 140 for charging power.
  • a navigation system 168 a and a drive system 168 b can be coordinated in the control device 168 to move the robot 140 into the battery charging station 110 .
  • the shell 144 is mounted over the upper surface 142 a of the chassis 142 and covers those elements mounted on the upper surface 142 a of the chassis 142 between the shell 144 and the chassis 142 .
  • the shell 144 includes an outer surface 144 a and an inner surface (not shown).
  • the charging elements such as electrical conductive charging pads 170 , are disposed on the dome point 144 b on the outer surface 144 a of the shell 144 .
  • An electrode 172 is formed on the center portion of the charging pad 170 in isolation.
  • the charging pad 170 and the electrode 172 are configured for charging a power source (not shown) of the robot 140 when the charging pad 170 and the electrode 172 are collectively and electrically coupled to the charging connector 122 .
  • the power source is mounted on the inner surface of the shell 114 and electronically connected to those driving motors adopted in the robot 140 through the control device 168 for supplying power to the robot 140 .
  • the power source is electrically coupled to the charging pad 170 and the electrode 172 and can be recharged by the battery charging station 110 .
  • the robot 140 can also include a voltage sensor 145 mounted on the inner surface of the shell 144 that is electrically coupled to the power source and the control device 168 .
  • the voltage sensor 145 is configured for detecting the voltage of the power source and sending the detected signal to the control device 168 when the voltage of the power source is below a predetermined voltage or the power source has been fully recharged.
  • the robot 140 can also be programmed to dock to the battery charging station 110 for charging when: 1) its operation has been complete (the operation is predefined); 2) its battery voltage reaches or drops to a predetermined threshold; or 3) a predetermined time for operation has expired.
  • the control device 168 drives the robot 140 to move towards the battery charging station 110 along a predetermined path when the robot need to dock.
  • the robot 140 climbs on the inclined portion 112 a and then arrives to the docking portion 112 b of the base 112 along the barriers 114 .
  • the chassis 142 of the robot 142 touches the stop 116 of the battery charging station 110
  • the robot 140 stops moving and is received in the docking space 120
  • the charging pad 170 and the electrode 172 of the robot 140 are aligned with the charging connector 122 .
  • the extendable legs 148 are extended by the driving motor 160 to lift the robot 140 , and the charging pad 170 and the electrode 172 are raised following the lifting of the robot 140 .
  • the driving motor 160 stops, and the robot 140 is recharged by the battery charging station 110 .
  • the voltage sensor 145 detects that the power source of the robot 140 has been fully recharged
  • the voltage sensor 145 sends a signal to the control device 168 indicating the power source of the robot 140 has been fully recharged.
  • the control device 168 controls the legs 148 to retract to their original state by the driving motor 160 .
  • the fully recharged robot 140 can be set to resume operation from the battery charging station 110 , typically by the control device 168 , the navigation system 168 a , and the drive system 168 b.

Abstract

A battery charging station, for a robot, includes a base, two side-walls barriers, a stop, a supporting arm, a charging connector, and a transmitter. The side-walls barriers are separately mounted on the base. The stop is mounted on the back of the base to form a docking space together with the barriers and the base. The supporting arm is cantilever mounted on the stop by one free end thereof with the other end extending into the space over the docking space. The charging connector is mounted on the free end of the supporting arm and is configured for providing an electrical connection between the robot and a power source. The transmitter is positioned on the upper surface of the supporting arm and is configured for emitting signals for the robot to locate the re battery charging station.

Description

    BACKGROUND
  • 1. Technical Field
  • The present invention relates to robots, and particularly, to a robot battery charging station.
  • 2. Description of the Related Art
  • Autonomous machines and devices, such as autonomous robots, have been designed for performing various industrial and domestic functions. These domestic functions include lawn mowing, vacuum cleaning, floor sweeping and general maintenance.
  • Autonomous robots typically operate in accordance with various computer programs that are part of the operating system of the robots. Additionally, many of these autonomous robots are battery powered, and need to be recharged once they are out of battery power. Additionally, when out of battery power, these autonomous robots are immobilized where the power ran out and may be troublesome to locate or reach.
  • As a result, the autonomous robots must be located and manually brought to the charging unit, which is typically an electrical outlet. This process is time-consuming, in addition to the time spent waiting for the robot to fully recharge.
  • Therefore, it is desired to design a robots battery charging stations and robots for use therewith which are capable of charging automatically when out of battery power.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a battery charging station according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view of a robot according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the robot of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of charging the robot of FIG. 2.
  • FIGS. 5-6 are schematic views detailing movement of the robot during charging.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • Referring to FIG. 1, a battery charging station 110 for receiving a robot or a suitable autonomous machine to charge in accordance with one embodiment of the invention is shown. The battery charging station 110 includes a base 112, two barriers 114, a stop 116 and a supporting arm 118. The base 112, the barriers 114, the stop 116 and the supporting arm 118 are typically made from plastic material and joined by mechanical techniques or chemical fasteners.
  • The base 112 includes an inclined portion 112 a and a docking portion 112 b joined with the inclined portion 112 a. The docking portion 112 b defines a flat surface 112 c for docking the robot. The inclined portion 112 a is configured for allowing the robot to easily climb to the docking portion 112 b for charging, when low on battery power.
  • The barriers 114 are configured for guiding the robot to the correct position when docking. The barriers 114 are separately mounted on docking portion 112 b of the base 112 and together with the inclined portion 112 a to form a passage for the robot. Each barrier 114 includes a guiding portion 114 a and a locating portion 114 b connected on an end of the guiding portion 114 a. The guiding portions 114 a are inclined with respect to and facing away from the corresponding connected locating portion 114 b.
  • The stop 116 is configured for preventing the robot from travelling beyond the battery charging station during docking. The stop 116 is mounted on the docking portion 112 b of the base 112, against the barriers 114, but away from the inclined portion of the base 112. The base 112, the barriers 114 and the stop 116 collectively form a docking space 120 for receiving the robot.
  • The supporting arm 118 is mounted on an upper portion of the stop 116 by one end thereof. The other end of the supporting arm 118 protrudes above the docking space 120 and is configured for supporting a charging connector 122 thereon for supplying power to the robot when charging. The distance between the charging connector 122 with respect to the stop 116 is equal to that of the charging connector 122 with respect to each locating portion 114 b of the barriers 114. The charging connector 122 may be connected to an external power source, such as an electrical outlet, via cord or other connection medium.
  • In addition, the battery charging station 110 further includes a transmitter 124 located on the supporting arm 118 and is configured for emitting identifiable signals, for the robot to determine the location of the battery charging station 110, and for the robot to navigate along a predefined pathinto the battery charging station 110. The signals may be a radio signal, a light signal, or any other signal whose intensity is greatest when closest to its transmission source.
  • Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the robot 140 includes a round-shaped chassis 142 and a hemispherical shell 144 positioned over the chassis 142 and covering the chassis 142. The center of the shell 144 is aligned with the center of the chassis 142 and the diameter of the shell is equal to or less than that of the chassis. The radius of the chassis 142 is equal to the distances of the charging connector 122 with respect to both the barriers 114 and the stop 116. As a result, when the robot 140 is docked in the docking space 120 against the barriers 114 and the stop 116, the charging connector 122 battery charging station aligns with the center portion of the shell 144 and electrically couples to the charging elements in the center portion of the shell 144, thus enabling an electrical connection between the robot 140 and the battery charging station 110.
  • The chassis 142 includes an upper surface 142 a and a lower surface 142 b on the flip side of the upper surface 142 a. Three wheels 146 are rotatably mounted on the lower surface 142 b and can be driven by a driving motor (not shown) to drive the robot to move. The chassis 142 also includes three extendable legs 148 which can be extended for lifting the robot 140 to electrically connect the robot 140 to the battery charging station 110 for charging. The length of the legs 148 with respect to the lower surface 142 b of the chassis 142 is longer than that of the wheels 146 when the legs 148 are extended. The extendable legs 148 may be any other types of extensible structure which can be adjusted in length, such as telescopic or folding legs. The legs 148 are capable of extending automatically via the driving motors (not shown in the figures). In the present embodiment, an extending device 150 carries out the automatic expansion of the legs 148.
  • The extending device 150 includes a substrate 152, a driven portion 156 and a driving motor 160. The substrate 152 includes a first surface 152 a and a second surface 152 b corresponding to the first surface 152 a. The substrate 152 defines a through hole 154 on the center portion thereof and is stacked on the upper surface 142 a of the chassis 142 via the second surface 152 b. The driven portion 156 is formed on the upper surface 142 a and protrudes out from the substrate 152 by running through the through hole 154 of the substrate 152. A toothed bar 158 is formed on the side wall of the driven portion 156 along a direction parallel to the axis of the driven portion 156. The driving motor 160 is mounted on the first surface 152 a of the substrate 152 and has a shaft 162 and a gear 164 connected to an end of the shaft 162. The gear 164 of the driving motor 160 is engaged with the toothed bar 158. The legs 148 are separately mounted on the second surface 152 b of the substrate 152 and partially extends through the chassis 142 from the corresponding hole 145 defined on the chassis 142. When the gear 164 is rotated by the shaft 162 of the driving motor 160, the driven portion 156 can move upwards or downwards with respect to the gear 164. Accordingly, the chassis 142 connected with the driven portion 156 moves following the movement of the driven portion 156. As a result, the legs 148 can extend or retract from chassis 142 and lifts or lowers the chassis 142 of the robot 140. As such, the robot 140 can automatically establish an electrical connection with the charging connector 122 of the battery charging station 110 for charging.
  • In addition, the robot 140 also includes a detection sensor 166 and a control device 168, both of which are attached on the first surface 152 a of the substrate 152. The control device 168 is configured for controlling the robot 140 to charge automatically when the power of the robot drops to a predefined level. The detection sensor 166 is configured for detecting and receiving the signals emitted from the transmitter 124, subsequently transmitting those signals to the control device 168 for further processing. The control device 168 is configured for receiving the signals detected by the detection sensor 166 and determining the location of the robot 140 with respect to the battery charging station 110 according to the signals, subsequently driving the robot 140 to move towards the battery charging station 110 by traveling along a predefined traveling trace, and controlling the legs to elongate and uplift the robot 140 for charging power. Alternatively, a navigation system 168 a and a drive system 168 b can be coordinated in the control device 168 to move the robot 140 into the battery charging station 110.
  • The shell 144 is mounted over the upper surface 142 a of the chassis 142 and covers those elements mounted on the upper surface 142 a of the chassis 142 between the shell 144 and the chassis 142. The shell 144 includes an outer surface 144 a and an inner surface (not shown). The charging elements, such as electrical conductive charging pads 170, are disposed on the dome point 144 b on the outer surface 144 a of the shell 144. An electrode 172 is formed on the center portion of the charging pad 170 in isolation. The charging pad 170 and the electrode 172 are configured for charging a power source (not shown) of the robot 140 when the charging pad 170 and the electrode 172 are collectively and electrically coupled to the charging connector 122. The power source is mounted on the inner surface of the shell 114 and electronically connected to those driving motors adopted in the robot 140 through the control device 168 for supplying power to the robot 140. In addition, the power source is electrically coupled to the charging pad 170 and the electrode 172 and can be recharged by the battery charging station 110. Alternatively, the robot 140 can also include a voltage sensor 145 mounted on the inner surface of the shell 144 that is electrically coupled to the power source and the control device 168. The voltage sensor 145 is configured for detecting the voltage of the power source and sending the detected signal to the control device 168 when the voltage of the power source is below a predetermined voltage or the power source has been fully recharged.
  • The robot 140 can also be programmed to dock to the battery charging station 110 for charging when: 1) its operation has been complete (the operation is predefined); 2) its battery voltage reaches or drops to a predetermined threshold; or 3) a predetermined time for operation has expired.
  • An exemplary charging operation of the robot 140 will now be described by referring to FIGS.4-6, with references to FIGS.1-3 where appropriate. The control device 168 drives the robot 140 to move towards the battery charging station 110 along a predetermined path when the robot need to dock. The robot 140 climbs on the inclined portion 112 a and then arrives to the docking portion 112 b of the base 112 along the barriers 114. When the chassis 142 of the robot 142 touches the stop 116 of the battery charging station 110, the robot 140 stops moving and is received in the docking space 120, and the charging pad 170 and the electrode 172 of the robot 140 are aligned with the charging connector 122. The extendable legs 148 are extended by the driving motor 160 to lift the robot 140, and the charging pad 170 and the electrode 172 are raised following the lifting of the robot 140. When the charging pad 170 and the electrode 172 are electrically coupled to the charging connector 122, the driving motor 160 stops, and the robot 140 is recharged by the battery charging station 110. When the voltage sensor 145 detects that the power source of the robot 140 has been fully recharged, the voltage sensor 145 sends a signal to the control device 168 indicating the power source of the robot 140 has been fully recharged. Next, the control device 168 controls the legs 148 to retract to their original state by the driving motor 160. Finally, the fully recharged robot 140 can be set to resume operation from the battery charging station 110, typically by the control device 168, the navigation system 168 a, and the drive system 168 b.
  • It is believed that the present embodiments and their advantages will be understood from the foregoing description, and it will be apparent that various changes may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention or sacrificing all of its material advantages, the examples hereinbefore described merely being preferred or exemplary embodiments of the invention.

Claims (18)

1. A battery charging station comprising:
a base;
two barriers separately mounted on the base;
a stop mounted on the base against the barriers to form a docking space together with the barriers and the base for receiving a robot to be recharged therein;
a supporting arm cantilever mounted on the stop by one free end thereof with the other end extending into the space over the docking space;
a charging connector mounted on the free end of the supporting arm and configured for providing electrical connection between the robot and a power source; and
a transmitter positioned on the upper surface of the supporting arm which is configured for emitting signals for the robot to determine the location of itself with respect to the battery charging station and for the robot to navigate along a predetermined path and docking into the docking space of the battery charging station for recharging.
2. The battery charging station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base comprises an inclined portion and a docking portion joined with the inclined portion.
3. The battery charging station as claimed in claim 2, wherein the docking portion comprises a flat surface for docking the robot and the barriers and the stop are mounted on the flat surface.
4. The battery charging station as claimed in claim 2, wherein the each one of the two barriers comprises a guiding portion and a locating portion connected on an end of the guiding portion, the guiding portions of the barriers are inclined with respect to and facing away from the corresponding connected locating portion.
5. The battery charging station as claimed in claim 4, wherein the stop is against the barriers and away from the guiding portion of the barriers and the inclined portion of the base.
6. The battery charging station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distances between the charging connector with respect to the stop and each fence are equal.
7. A robot that can automatically dock into a battery charging station, the robot comprising:
a chassis including an upper surface and a lower surface;
three wheels mounted on the lower surface and configured for moving the robot;
three extendable legs protruding from the lower surface of the chassis and capable of extending to lift the robot;
a driving motor configured for driving the wheels to rotate and driving the extendable legs to extend or retract;
a detection sensor mounted on the robot and being configured for detecting and receiving signals emitted from the battery charging station;
a control device electrically coupled with the detection sensor and the driving motor, the control device being configured for receiving the signals detected by the detection sensor and determining the location of the robot with respect to the battery charging station according to the signals, and driving the robot to move towards the battery charging station, and controlling the legs to extend to lift the robot;
a shell mounted over the chassis and comprising an outer surface and an inner surface;
a power source mounted on the inner surface of the shell and electrically coupled to the control device;
a connector located on the outer surface of the shell and being electrically coupled to the power source and configured for electrically coupling with the battery charging station when the robot has been lifted.
8. The robot as claimed in claim 7, wherein the chassis is round-shaped and the shell is hemispherical.
9. The robot as claimed in claim 7, wherein the robot comprises a navigation system embedded in the control device to navigate the robot to move towards the battery charging station.
10. The robot as claimed in claim 9, wherein the robot comprises a drive system embedded in the control device which cooperates with the navigation system to move the robot into the battery charging station.
11. The robot as claimed in the claim 7, wherein the robot comprises a voltage sensor mounted on the inner surface of the shell which is electrically coupled to the power source and the control device, the voltage sensor being configured for detecting the voltage of the power source and sending the detected signal to the control device when the voltage of the power source is below a predetermined voltage or the power source has been fully recharged.
12. The robot as claimed in claim 7, wherein the robot comprises:
an extending device comprising:
a substrate having a first surface and a second surface, the substrate being stacked on the upper surface of the chassis by the second surface, a through hole defined on the center portion of the substrate;
a driven portion mounted on the upper surface and protruding out from the substrate; and
a toothed bar formed on the side wall of the driven portion along the direction parallel to the axes of the driven portion;
a driving motor for driving the legs mounted on the first surface of the substrate which has a shaft and a gear connected on an end of the shaft, the gear of the driving motor being engaged with the toothed bar;
the extendable legs being separately formed on the second surface of the substrate and partially extends through the corresponding holes defined in the chassis.
13. The robot as claimed in claim 9, wherein the robot is programmed to dock to the battery charging station for recharging when 1) its operation has been complete (the operation is predefined); 2) its battery voltage reaches or drops to a predetermined threshold; or 3) a predetermined time for operation has expired.
14. The robot as claimed in claim 7, wherein the connector comprises an electrical conductive charging pad located on an outer surface of the shell; and an electrode formed on the center portion of the charging pad, the charging pad and the electrode being electrically connected to the power source and being configured for charging the power source.
15. A robot comprising:
a driving system configured for moving the robot;
a charging element mounted on the top portion of the robot;
an extending device mounted on the robot and configured for automatic lifting of the robot to recharge a power source;
a power source electrically coupled to the charging elements; and
a control device electrically coupled to the driving system, the extending device, the charging elements and the power source; the control device being configured for controlling the robot to automatically recharge the power source when the power source drops to a predefined power level.
16. The robot as claimed in claim 15, wherein the charging element includes an electrical conductive charging pad and an electrode formed on the center portion of the charging pad in isolation.
17. The robot as claimed in claim 16, wherein the robot further comprises a navigation system and a drive system embedded in the control device to move the robot into a battery charging station.
18. The robot as claimed in claim 15, further comprising a voltage sensor that is electrically coupled to the power source and the control device, the voltage sensor being configured for detecting the voltage of the power source and sending the detected signal to the control device.
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