US20100199784A1 - Torque sensor with alignment system - Google Patents
Torque sensor with alignment system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20100199784A1 US20100199784A1 US12/366,807 US36680709A US2010199784A1 US 20100199784 A1 US20100199784 A1 US 20100199784A1 US 36680709 A US36680709 A US 36680709A US 2010199784 A1 US2010199784 A1 US 2010199784A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- resilient member
- housing
- torque sensor
- sensor
- pair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
- G01L3/02—Rotary-transmission dynamometers
- G01L3/04—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
- G01L3/10—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating
- G01L3/101—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means
- G01L3/102—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means involving magnetostrictive means
Abstract
Description
- The present disclosure relates to torque sensors, and more particularly to a torque sensor having an axial alignment system.
- The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may or may not constitute prior art.
- It is often desirable to determine the torque in a rotatable shaft (rotator) relative to a stationary component (stator). A typical application that includes a rotatable shaft and a stator is an automatic transmission in a motor vehicle. In motor vehicle applications, engine torque models are relied upon to properly adapt engine characteristics to motor vehicle requirements and operator demands.
- A preferred method of determining the torque being applied to a rotatable shaft in a transmission includes employing a non-contact torque sensor. Common torque sensors include strain gages, magnetic or optical sensors, magnetoelastic sensors, and surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors. These torque sensors each measure various parameters such as local strain, angular displacement, or strained-induced change on a magnetic field. Typically these torque sensors have two components. The first component is generally referred to as a transmitter and the second component is generally referred to as a receiver. The receiver is typically coupled to the stator and the transmitter is typically coupled to the rotatable shaft. In the case of magnetoelastic sensors, a current is induced through the receiver and torque applied on the rotatable shaft is transmitted back to the receiver in the form of a magnetic field which is then converted into an estimated torque. One crucial element to determining the amount of torque using these sensors is knowing and controlling the axial alignment of the transmitter relative to the receiver.
- Accordingly, one limitation of the above described torque sensors is that a discrepancy in the expected axial alignment of the transmitter relative to the receiver can increase the margin of error in the torque calculation. Tolerance stack and operating end play in automotive transmissions may lead to misalignment of the receiver and the transmitter. Moreover, the system tolerances between the rotatable shaft and the stator are often not precisely known, and therefore the expected axial alignment of the transmitter relative to the receiver will be an estimate. Therefore, there is a need in the art to provide a device that reduces the error between the expected axial alignment of the transmitter relative to the receiver and the actual axial alignment of the transmitter relative to the receiver.
- The present invention provides a torque sensor for sensing torque on a rotatable shaft disposed in a shaft housing. The shaft housing has an interior wall and an open end.
- In a first aspect of the present invention, a sensor housing at least partially circumscribes the rotatable shaft. The sensor housing has a first end, a second end, and at least one sensing zone. At least one target zone is disposed on the rotatable shaft and substantially opposes the at least one sensing zone. At least one bearing member is disposed between the sensor housing and the rotatable shaft for limiting relative axial movement and allowing relative rotation between the sensor housing and the rotatable shaft. A first resilient member has a first end in contact with the first end of the sensor housing and a second end in contact with the interior wall of the shaft housing. A second resilient member has a first end in contact with the second end of the sensor housing and a second end in contact with a retaining member connectable to the open end of the shaft housing.
- In another aspect of the present invention, a magnetic field is produced in the at least one sensing zone.
- In yet another aspect of the present invention, the at least one target zone includes a magnetostrictive material disposed on the rotatable shaft.
- In yet another aspect of the present invention, the at least one bearing member is a needle bearing.
- In yet another aspect of the present invention, the at least one sensing zone is a pair of sensing zones, the at least one target zone is a pair of target zones, and the at least one bearing member is a pair of bearing members.
- In yet another aspect of the present invention, the pair of bearing members are disposed in annular notches disposed on an inner diameter of the sensor housing adjacent the first end and the second end of the sensor housing.
- In yet another aspect of the present invention, the pair of target zones are adjacent the pair of bearing members.
- In yet another aspect of the present invention, the retaining member is a snap ring disposed in a groove of the shaft housing.
- In yet another aspect of the present invention, the first resilient member and the second resilient member are wave shaped plates.
- In yet another aspect of the present invention, the first resilient member and the second resilient member are coil springs.
- In yet another aspect of the present invention, the first resilient member and the second resilient member are substantially comprised of rubber.
- In yet another aspect of the present invention, the first resilient member and the second resilient member are substantially comprised of plastic.
- Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. It should be understood that the description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
- The drawing described herein is for illustration purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way.
-
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an exemplary stator and an exemplary rotatable shaft having a torque sensor system according to the principles of the present invention. - The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses.
- With reference to
FIG. 1 , atorque sensor system 10 according to the principles of the present invention is shown with an exemplary firstannular component 12 and an exemplary secondannular component 14. The firstannular component 12 is preferably a rotatable shaft, though other annular components may be employed without departing from the scope of the present invention. The firstannular component 12 includes anaxial portion 16 that defines anaxis 17. Theaxial portion 16 has anouter surface 18. The firstannular component 12 is rotatable about theaxis 17. The secondannular component 14 is preferably a portion of a shaft housing or other transmission housing component, though other annular components may be employed without departing from the scope of the present invention. The secondannular component 14 includes aninterior surface 19 that defines abore 21. Theinterior surface 19 includes aninterior wall 20 substantially disposed on a plane normal to theaxis 17. The secondannular component 14 further includes anopen end 22 that communicates with thebore 21 and is disposed opposite theinterior wall 20. Agroove 24 is disposed in theinterior wall 19 of the secondannular component 14 proximate theopen end 22. Within thegroove 24 is aretaining member 26. In the example provided, theretaining member 26 is a snap ring. However, it should be appreciated that other retaining mechanisms may be used, and that thegroove 24 may not be required. The firstannular member 12 is disposed within the secondannular member 14 such that theaxial portion 16 of the firstannular member 12 is located at least partially within thebore 21 of the secondannular member 14. - The
torque sensor system 10 is operable to detect an amount of torque within the firstannular component 12, as will be described in greater detail below. Thetorque sensor system 10 includes asensor housing 30, anaxial alignment system 32, afirst target zone 34 and asecond target zone 36. The first andsecond target zones annular component 12. It should be appreciated that the first andsecond target zones first target zone 34 is secured to theouter surface 18 of the firstannular component 12 and circumscribes theaxis 17. Thesecond target zone 36 is located proximate thefirst target zone 34. Thesecond target zone 36 is also secured to theouter surface 18 of the firstannular component 12 and circumscribes theaxis 17. It should be understood that the number of target zones, spacing between target zones, and sizes of target zones may vary without departing from the scope of the present invention. In the example provided, thefirst target zone 34 and thesecond target zone 36 are operable to alter an induced magnetic field in accordance with operating principles of magnetoelastic sensors. - The
sensor housing 30 includes at least one sensor (not shown) that detects torque in the firstannular component 12. Thesensor housing 30 is radially disposed between the firstannular component 12 and the secondannular component 14, and axially disposed between theinterior wall 20 and the retainingmember 26. Thesensor housing 30 has afirst end 31 adjacent theinterior wall 20 and asecond end 33 adjacent the retainingmember 26. A firstannular slot 41 is disposed at thefirst end 31 on aninner surface 35 of thesensor housing 30. A secondannular slot 43 is disposed at thesecond end 33 on theinner surface 35 of thesensor housing 30. Thesensor housing 30 has afirst sensing zone 38 that substantially opposes thefirst target zone 34. Thesensor housing 30 also has asecond sensing zone 40 that substantially opposes thesecond target zone 36. Thefirst sensing zone 38 and thesecond sensing zone 40 are operable to detect information transmitted by thefirst target zone 34 and thesecond target zone 36, respectively. In the example provided, thefirst sensing zone 38 and thesecond sensing zone 40 correspond to the axial positions of four sets of magnetic field sensor coils equally spaced about the circumference of thesensor housing 30. However, thesensor housing 30 does not need to completely circumscribe theaxis 17 and may contain other numbers and types of sensors without departing from the scope of the present invention. Torque that is applied to the firstannular component 12 stresses the magnetostrictive material within the first andsecond target zones target zones annular component 12. The first andsecond sensing zones sensing zones target zones annular component 12. It should be appreciated that the stress on the firstannular component 12 may alter the output from thetarget zones - The
axial alignment system 32 is operable to maintain the axial position of thesensor housing 30 relative to the secondannular member 14. The axial alignment system includes a first sliding mechanism or first bearingmember 42 and a second sliding mechanism orsecond bearing member 44 disposed between the firstannular component 12 and thesensor housing 30. More specifically, thefirst bearing member 42 is located in the firstannular slot 41 of the sensor housing. Thesecond bearing member 44 is located in the secondannular slot 43 of thesensor housing 30. Thefirst bearing member 42 and thesecond bearing member 44 are operable to allow the firstannular component 12 to rotate relative to thesensor housing 30 and transmit axial force to thesensor housing 30. Thefirst bearing member 42 and thesecond bearing member 44 are fixed axially to the firstannular component 12 and to thesensor housing 30. In the example provided, thefirst bearing member 42 and thesecond bearing member 44 are needle bearings having an outer member attached to thesensor housing 30 and an inner member attached to the firstannular component 12. As the firstannular component 12 moves axially, force is transmitted through the first member and second member to move thesensor housing 30. However, it should be appreciated that other types and numbers of sliding or bearing systems may be used without departing from the present invention. - The axial alignment system also includes a first
resilient member 46 and a secondresilient member 48. The first and secondresilient members sensor housing 30 rotationally stationary by friction force while allowing thesensor housing 30 to move axially as theresilient members interior wall 20 of the secondannular member 14 and abuts thefirst end 31 of thesensor housing 30. As thesensor housing 30 moves axially towards thefirst wall 20, thefirst end 31 compresses the firstresilient member 46 to accommodate axial movement of thesensor housing 30 toward theinterior wall 20. The secondresilient member 48 abuts the retainingmember 26 and thesecond end 33 of thesensor housing 30. As thesensor housing 30 moves axially towards theopen end 22, thesecond end 33 compresses the secondresilient member 48 to accommodate axial movement of thesensor housing 30 toward the retainingmember 26. The firstresilient member 46 and the secondresilient member 48 may be any suitable compressible member, including but not limited to: coil springs, wave shaped plates, plastic members, and rubber members. In the example provided, the firstresilient member 46 and the secondresilient member 48 are compressed upon assembling thetorque sensor 10 so that frictional forces keep them in the desired position. However, the firstresilient member 46 may be attached to either or both of theinterior wall 20 and thefirst end 31 of thesensor housing 30. The secondresilient member 48 may be attached to either or both of the retainingmember 26 and thesecond end 33 of thesensor housing 30 without departing from the scope of the present invention. - As the first
annular component 12 moves alongaxis 17, force is transmitted through thefirst bearing member 42 and thesecond bearing member 44 to thesensor housing 30. The force onsensor housing 30 is transmitted to the firstresilient member 46 or the secondresilient member 48. One of the resilient members compresses, allowing thesensor housing 30 to move alongaxis 17 with the firstannular member 12. As thesensor housing 30 and the firstannular component 12 move together, thefirst sensing zone 38 remains substantially opposed to thefirst target zone 34, and thesecond sensing zone 40 remains substantially opposed to thesecond target zone 36. Thus, the sensors withinsensor housing 30 remain within a given sensitivity tolerance required for operation. It should be appreciated that other types and numbers of components may be used as identified above. - The description of the invention is merely exemplary in nature and variations that do not depart from the gist of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (21)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/366,807 US7757570B1 (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2009-02-06 | Torque sensor with alignment system |
DE102010006583.8A DE102010006583B4 (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2010-02-02 | Torque sensor with alignment system |
CN2010101139649A CN101799338B (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2010-02-05 | Torque sensor with alignment system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/366,807 US7757570B1 (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2009-02-06 | Torque sensor with alignment system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US7757570B1 US7757570B1 (en) | 2010-07-20 |
US20100199784A1 true US20100199784A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
Family
ID=42332530
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/366,807 Expired - Fee Related US7757570B1 (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2009-02-06 | Torque sensor with alignment system |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7757570B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101799338B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010006583B4 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110129320A1 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-02 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Photo-interrupter based force sensing handle and method of use |
US9618407B2 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2017-04-11 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Magnetic sensor packaging for transmissions |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8352149B2 (en) * | 2008-10-02 | 2013-01-08 | Honeywell International Inc. | System and method for providing gas turbine engine output torque sensor validation and sensor backup using a speed sensor |
US8171805B2 (en) * | 2010-02-18 | 2012-05-08 | Honeywell International Inc. | Non-contact torque determination system and method for a non-mechanically coupled rotating system |
DE102011085290A1 (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-03 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Magnetic encoder for a differential angle sensor arrangement |
US8423249B2 (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2013-04-16 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Torque sensor system with integrated electrical connectors |
US8433485B2 (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2013-04-30 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Integrated oil routing sleeve and torque sensor |
JP5470358B2 (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2014-04-16 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Magnetostrictive torque sensor, electrically assisted bicycle and electric power steering apparatus equipped with this magnetostrictive torque sensor |
CN105673792B (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2017-09-29 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | It is a kind of to measure the flexible gearing of output torque |
US9683905B2 (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2017-06-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Transmission and transfer case with torque sensing |
US10450863B2 (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2019-10-22 | General Electric Company | Turbine engine shaft torque sensing |
EP3364163B1 (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2020-04-08 | Ncte Ag | Magnetoelastic torque sensor |
CN112888533B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2024-02-06 | 株式会社富士 | Automatic workpiece conveyor |
CN110207882B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2020-10-09 | 东北电力大学 | Joint ball type inter-dimensional decoupling two-dimensional wireless passive sensor |
DE102020109607A1 (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2021-10-07 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Torque sensor and torque sensor assembly |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5708216A (en) * | 1991-07-29 | 1998-01-13 | Magnetoelastic Devices, Inc. | Circularly magnetized non-contact torque sensor and method for measuring torque using same |
US6145387A (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 2000-11-14 | Magna-Lastic Devices, Inc | Collarless circularly magnetized torque transducer and method for measuring torque using same |
US6257051B1 (en) * | 1999-03-11 | 2001-07-10 | The Lubrizol Corporation | On-board rotational viscometers |
US6330833B1 (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 2001-12-18 | Mannesmann Vdo Ag | Magnetoelastic torque sensor |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2811980B2 (en) * | 1991-03-04 | 1998-10-15 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Torque sensor |
JP3379305B2 (en) * | 1995-10-03 | 2003-02-24 | 日本精工株式会社 | Fixed structure of coil yoke |
US6237428B1 (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 2001-05-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Magnetostrictive torque sensor |
JP2002257648A (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-09-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Torque detecting device and electric power steering device using the same |
JP2003172430A (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-06-20 | Jatco Ltd | Automatic transmission |
JP4518818B2 (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2010-08-04 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Torque sensor |
JP4567565B2 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2010-10-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Electric power steering device |
JP5180483B2 (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2013-04-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Torque sensor manufacturing method |
-
2009
- 2009-02-06 US US12/366,807 patent/US7757570B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-02-02 DE DE102010006583.8A patent/DE102010006583B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-02-05 CN CN2010101139649A patent/CN101799338B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5708216A (en) * | 1991-07-29 | 1998-01-13 | Magnetoelastic Devices, Inc. | Circularly magnetized non-contact torque sensor and method for measuring torque using same |
US6330833B1 (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 2001-12-18 | Mannesmann Vdo Ag | Magnetoelastic torque sensor |
US6145387A (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 2000-11-14 | Magna-Lastic Devices, Inc | Collarless circularly magnetized torque transducer and method for measuring torque using same |
US6257051B1 (en) * | 1999-03-11 | 2001-07-10 | The Lubrizol Corporation | On-board rotational viscometers |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110129320A1 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-02 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Photo-interrupter based force sensing handle and method of use |
US8392023B2 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2013-03-05 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Photo-interrupter based force sensing handle and method of use |
US9618407B2 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2017-04-11 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Magnetic sensor packaging for transmissions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101799338A (en) | 2010-08-11 |
CN101799338B (en) | 2011-12-21 |
DE102010006583B4 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
DE102010006583A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
US7757570B1 (en) | 2010-07-20 |
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