US20100303548A1 - Erosion control Islands in high bank stream remediation - Google Patents

Erosion control Islands in high bank stream remediation Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100303548A1
US20100303548A1 US12/584,354 US58435409A US2010303548A1 US 20100303548 A1 US20100303548 A1 US 20100303548A1 US 58435409 A US58435409 A US 58435409A US 2010303548 A1 US2010303548 A1 US 2010303548A1
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islands
geotextile
bank
erosion control
high bank
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US12/584,354
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Michael E. Daily
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/122Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
    • E02B3/127Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips bags filled at the side

Definitions

  • Rip rap stone is generally the material of choice, but, because of the high cost of stone placement and continued maintenance, many unacceptable substitutes are utilized including, but not limited to, no action, retaining walls, old vehicles, garbage, asphalt and concrete.
  • the following method is an economical, environmentally sound approach to improving the transfer of water flows from high bank erosion areas utilizing readily available materials.
  • This method will employ construction of hard points to deflect water currents away from eroded banks. These hard point, cone shaped islands will be created by forming and filling geotextile tubes in preselected locations. Each island will then be tied together using a sand bag barrier wall impregnated with native plant materials. Both the islands and walls will further train water flow and deflect erosive energy to mid stream while providing a stable secure plant median. High energy water flowing through this plant material will accomplish multiple functions including decreasing erosive energy against the bank and increased silt deposition on the landward side which rebuilds the bank and anchors the islands and walls in place in the predetermined location. The islands and sandbag walls will act as the temporary ( 1 to 3 years) foundation bed for the native grasses shrubs, and trees. By the time the geotextile (geobag) islands and sandbags biodegrade, there should be a living wall of native plant materials to remain in place.
  • FIG. 1 Plant view of actual river bank and resulting high bank erosion.
  • FIG. 2 Plant view of river bank conditions with erosion control islands and sandbags containing native plant materials.
  • FIG. 3 plane view of a single unit of island, wall erosion control.
  • FIG. 4 depictation depicting cross sections of geobag islands and connecting sandbag barriers.
  • FIG. 5 depictation depicting detail of modified concrete bucket used to fill geobags with soil, sand, clay or any other suitable fill material.
  • FIG. 6 depictation depicting detail of geobag island filling and placement using the modified concrete bucket filled with soil, sand, clay or any other suitable fill material.
  • FIG. 7 depictation depicting detail of living sand bag components of barrier walls filled with native grasses and plant seeds and soil, sand, clay or any other suitable fill material.
  • the islands will be constructed in place by suspending commercially available geotextile tubes on end and inverting the outside edge of this tube inward toward the middle. The inverted edges will be gathered toward the center of the bag and then secured to form a drop shaped bag. The geobag will then be filled by pumping a variety of materials in to the bottom and filling toward the top.
  • the sand bag walls will be constructed from commercially available sand bags filled with native plant seeds, sand, soils, and or potting material folded closed on the open end to form a pliable pillow.
  • Each pillow will be placed in such a manner as to create a multi-level wall with a shingle effect to address high velocity flows.
  • the islands and walls will be sized and placed according to flow rates and patterns.
  • the addition of the geobag islands as hard points in conjunction with the sand bag walls will realign flow patterns away from the high bank areas.
  • Plant selection (numbers, variety, and sizes) will be selected according to water velocities, bank slope and heights.
  • a mobile crane or trac hoe will be positioned on a section of the riverbank selected for remediation.
  • the terminus of the crane's hoisting cable will be fitted with a modified concrete bucket.
  • the concrete bucket will be modified with the addition of a spring clamp device to hold the geotextile bag open for filling.
  • Materials used to construct the geobag islands may be either delivered from a remote location and stockpiled at the remediation site or excavated from nearby locations.
  • a skid-steer or similar loader will be employed at the shore location to load soils into the modified concrete bucket or into a hopper for delivery by a modified concrete pump with flexible hose.
  • a shore worker will attach an empty geotextile tube sealed at the bottom to the lower skirt of the modified concrete bucket using spring clamps.
  • a trac hoe or crane will lower the empty geobag to an elevation of approximately four feet above ground level at the desired location in the stream.
  • the trac hoe or crane will then suspend the empty geobag at the base of the eroded bank beneath the mobile soil hopper at an elevation so that the base of the soil bag is in contact with the ground and the sides of the soil bag remain vertical.
  • the spring clamp on the modified concrete bucket maintains orientation of the bag so that the bag fills properly and prevents the bag from folding upon itself or collapsing.
  • the geobag island is disconnected from the modified concrete bucket and sealed shut.
  • the modified concrete bucket is returned to be restaged for additional islands if necessary.
  • the sand bag wall will be constructed off site in the following manner:
  • Standard commercially available sand bags will be filled with native plant seeds, sand, soils, and or potting material folded closed on the open end to form a pliable pillow (a patent on this design and application will be submitted at a later date).
  • Each bag will be placed in such a fashion as to create a multiple level living wall and silt fence.
  • the wall will be constructed along predetermined lines to modify water currents away from eroded areas and into a less erosive path.
  • Plants are inserted within the geobag islands and, as deemed necessary, shoreward of the sand bag walls.
  • Plant roots may be expected to propagate through the geotextile material and nylon sand bag covers.
  • the location of the islands and attached sand bag walls are designed in such a manner that sediments will collect on the landward side of both. This collected silt material combined with subsequent plant growth will fill in and provide additional protection to the eroded bank.

Abstract

This process will provides an efficient cost effective method for reducing and potentially alleviating high bank erosion without using rip rap stone. The process will utilize a series of geotextile islands and sand bag walls interconnected into energy deflecting, erosion control structures. Each geotextile island is constructed from a water-permeable fabric tube with a diameter up to 45 feet. This fabric may be cut into lengths of approximately five to twelve feet, with one end subsequently folded and secured to become a drop shaped geotextile island. The islands will be placed as a hard point connecting structure with an interlocking sand bag wall.

Description

    BACKGROUND
  • Please note: This is an application that closely resembles PROVISIONAL PATENT #61,181,738 which incorrectly identifies Mr. David Ogden as the inventor. Mr. Ogden agreed to assist Mr. Daily in authoring this application and then singularly paraphrased the method described by Mr. Daily into an application which he submitted, listing himself as the inventor.
  • Remediation of any situation involving flowing water eroding into a steep or high bank shore line has historically required amortizing the eroded surface and deflecting flows with the placement of material against the bank. Rip rap stone is generally the material of choice, but, because of the high cost of stone placement and continued maintenance, many unacceptable substitutes are utilized including, but not limited to, no action, retaining walls, old vehicles, garbage, asphalt and concrete.
  • The following method is an economical, environmentally sound approach to improving the transfer of water flows from high bank erosion areas utilizing readily available materials.
  • BRIEF SUMMARY
  • This method will employ construction of hard points to deflect water currents away from eroded banks. These hard point, cone shaped islands will be created by forming and filling geotextile tubes in preselected locations. Each island will then be tied together using a sand bag barrier wall impregnated with native plant materials. Both the islands and walls will further train water flow and deflect erosive energy to mid stream while providing a stable secure plant median. High energy water flowing through this plant material will accomplish multiple functions including decreasing erosive energy against the bank and increased silt deposition on the landward side which rebuilds the bank and anchors the islands and walls in place in the predetermined location. The islands and sandbag walls will act as the temporary (1 to 3 years) foundation bed for the native grasses shrubs, and trees. By the time the geotextile (geobag) islands and sandbags biodegrade, there should be a living wall of native plant materials to remain in place.
  • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ATTACHED FIGURES
  • FIG. 1—Plan view of actual river bank and resulting high bank erosion.
  • FIG. 2—Plan view of river bank conditions with erosion control islands and sandbags containing native plant materials.
  • FIG. 3—plan view of a single unit of island, wall erosion control.
  • FIG. 4—Representation depicting cross sections of geobag islands and connecting sandbag barriers.
  • FIG. 5—Representation depicting detail of modified concrete bucket used to fill geobags with soil, sand, clay or any other suitable fill material.
  • FIG. 6—Representation depicting detail of geobag island filling and placement using the modified concrete bucket filled with soil, sand, clay or any other suitable fill material.
  • FIG. 7—Representation depicting detail of living sand bag components of barrier walls filled with native grasses and plant seeds and soil, sand, clay or any other suitable fill material.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • 01) The purpose and need of this method is to provide an economic, environmentally sound alternative to address the conditions that result in undesirable high bank erosion.
  • 02) Living erosion control is ineffective in these areas because of the unstable and unfertile soil properties, extreme slopes and the erosive effects of high energy flows on roots from these areas. Those areas planted in an effort to reduce erosion generally fail as a result of the plants stuffing from the slope or washing away during medium and high velocity events.
  • 03) The islands will be constructed in place by suspending commercially available geotextile tubes on end and inverting the outside edge of this tube inward toward the middle. The inverted edges will be gathered toward the center of the bag and then secured to form a drop shaped bag. The geobag will then be filled by pumping a variety of materials in to the bottom and filling toward the top.
  • 04) The sand bag walls will be constructed from commercially available sand bags filled with native plant seeds, sand, soils, and or potting material folded closed on the open end to form a pliable pillow. Each pillow will be placed in such a manner as to create a multi-level wall with a shingle effect to address high velocity flows.
  • 05) The islands and walls will be sized and placed according to flow rates and patterns. The addition of the geobag islands as hard points in conjunction with the sand bag walls will realign flow patterns away from the high bank areas.
  • 06) Plant selection (numbers, variety, and sizes) will be selected according to water velocities, bank slope and heights.
  • 07) Construction activities will remain above and out of the waterway. A mobile crane or trac hoe will be positioned on a section of the riverbank selected for remediation. The terminus of the crane's hoisting cable will be fitted with a modified concrete bucket. The concrete bucket will be modified with the addition of a spring clamp device to hold the geotextile bag open for filling.
  • 08) Materials used to construct the geobag islands may be either delivered from a remote location and stockpiled at the remediation site or excavated from nearby locations. A skid-steer or similar loader will be employed at the shore location to load soils into the modified concrete bucket or into a hopper for delivery by a modified concrete pump with flexible hose.
  • 09) A shore worker will attach an empty geotextile tube sealed at the bottom to the lower skirt of the modified concrete bucket using spring clamps. A trac hoe or crane will lower the empty geobag to an elevation of approximately four feet above ground level at the desired location in the stream.
  • 10) The trac hoe or crane will then suspend the empty geobag at the base of the eroded bank beneath the mobile soil hopper at an elevation so that the base of the soil bag is in contact with the ground and the sides of the soil bag remain vertical.
  • 11) The spring clamp on the modified concrete bucket maintains orientation of the bag so that the bag fills properly and prevents the bag from folding upon itself or collapsing.
  • 12) Once filled to the desired level and appropriate drop shape, the geobag island is disconnected from the modified concrete bucket and sealed shut. The modified concrete bucket is returned to be restaged for additional islands if necessary.
  • 13) The sand bag wall will be constructed off site in the following manner:
  • Standard commercially available sand bags will be filled with native plant seeds, sand, soils, and or potting material folded closed on the open end to form a pliable pillow (a patent on this design and application will be submitted at a later date). Each bag will be placed in such a fashion as to create a multiple level living wall and silt fence. The wall will be constructed along predetermined lines to modify water currents away from eroded areas and into a less erosive path.
  • 14) Plants are inserted within the geobag islands and, as deemed necessary, shoreward of the sand bag walls.
  • 15) These operations are repeated until geotextile islands have been installed at all desired locations within the reach of the crane or trac hoe. The mobile crane is then repositioned to another point and the process is repeated until enough hard points are created to accomplish a change in flow patterns.
  • 16) Plant roots may be expected to propagate through the geotextile material and nylon sand bag covers. The location of the islands and attached sand bag walls are designed in such a manner that sediments will collect on the landward side of both. This collected silt material combined with subsequent plant growth will fill in and provide additional protection to the eroded bank.
  • 17) With time, the islands and walls will provide hard point structures resulting in a natural reconstruction and restoration of previously eroded high bank stream areas.

Claims (1)

1. Unique features of this method of high bank erosion control include:
The use of geobags created by sealing the bottom of a geotextile material tube and standing it on end to create a drop shaped structure instead of the normally utilized tube structure running lengthwise with the bank.
The use of sand bags filled with a growing medium and seeds to create a living wall.
The modification of a concrete bucket to include spring clamps to hold the geobag islands upright during filling.
The use of the combined island and wall structures as hard points and guide structures to divert high flow, high velocity waters from high bank areas being eroded.
US12/584,354 2009-05-28 2009-09-04 Erosion control Islands in high bank stream remediation Abandoned US20100303548A1 (en)

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US12/584,354 US20100303548A1 (en) 2009-05-28 2009-09-04 Erosion control Islands in high bank stream remediation

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US18173809P 2009-05-28 2009-05-28
US12/584,354 US20100303548A1 (en) 2009-05-28 2009-09-04 Erosion control Islands in high bank stream remediation

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104652358A (en) * 2015-01-04 2015-05-27 杭州木易景观工程有限公司 Ecological slope protection system
CN105178245A (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-12-23 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 Large filling bag ecological embankment and revetment building method for river lake channel
CZ305916B6 (en) * 2013-10-21 2016-05-04 Koexpro Ostrava, Akciová Společnost Erosion control barrier for restricting undesired movements of natural masses due to erosive wash and transportation of floating debris
CN106193135A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-12-07 中国矿业大学(北京) A kind of concavo-convex side slope modeling apparatus and manufacture method
US20210340046A1 (en) * 2020-04-29 2021-11-04 Canadian National Railway Company Device for dewatering and method of making same
CN114487343A (en) * 2021-12-29 2022-05-13 河海大学 Microbial action-based tidal trench bank collapse research system and method
US11530518B1 (en) 2021-09-27 2022-12-20 Daniel D. Lloyd Shoreline erosion protection using anchored concrete boulders

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3886751A (en) * 1973-11-12 1975-06-03 Jimenez Labora Mauricio Porraz Aquatic construction module and method of forming thereof
US3922832A (en) * 1967-09-18 1975-12-02 Edward T Dicker Construction method of assembling bagged, settable modules
US3957098A (en) * 1972-06-26 1976-05-18 George Hepworth Erosion control bag
US4103502A (en) * 1976-06-09 1978-08-01 Sykes Construction Services Limited Production of artificial islands
US4420275A (en) * 1982-04-19 1983-12-13 Shell Oil Company Alaskan offshore drilling base
US4594206A (en) * 1983-09-21 1986-06-10 Grafton Harry D Concrete structures for use in shore protection and/or wave control and method of making same
US5584599A (en) * 1994-12-19 1996-12-17 Knittel; Richard D. Modular barrier system with interconnected sandbags
US5669732A (en) * 1995-06-19 1997-09-23 Truitt; Willie W. Self-closing interlocking sandbags and process for erecting dams therefrom
US6305876B1 (en) * 1997-10-31 2001-10-23 Kyowa Kabushiki Kaisha Material and construction method of prevention of scour for the underwater structure
US20060275084A1 (en) * 2005-06-06 2006-12-07 Big Bag Harbeck Gmbh Flood protection
US20070053752A1 (en) * 2005-09-08 2007-03-08 Deltalok Inc. Sandbag retaining walls adapted for plant growth
US20080138157A1 (en) * 2005-02-08 2008-06-12 Deltalok Inc. Sandbag Wall System with United Sandbags
US20080247685A1 (en) * 2005-09-08 2008-10-09 Deltalok Inc. Constructions and Reinforcement Structures of Connected Sandbags

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3922832A (en) * 1967-09-18 1975-12-02 Edward T Dicker Construction method of assembling bagged, settable modules
US3957098A (en) * 1972-06-26 1976-05-18 George Hepworth Erosion control bag
US3886751A (en) * 1973-11-12 1975-06-03 Jimenez Labora Mauricio Porraz Aquatic construction module and method of forming thereof
US4103502A (en) * 1976-06-09 1978-08-01 Sykes Construction Services Limited Production of artificial islands
US4420275A (en) * 1982-04-19 1983-12-13 Shell Oil Company Alaskan offshore drilling base
US4594206A (en) * 1983-09-21 1986-06-10 Grafton Harry D Concrete structures for use in shore protection and/or wave control and method of making same
US5584599A (en) * 1994-12-19 1996-12-17 Knittel; Richard D. Modular barrier system with interconnected sandbags
US5669732A (en) * 1995-06-19 1997-09-23 Truitt; Willie W. Self-closing interlocking sandbags and process for erecting dams therefrom
US6305876B1 (en) * 1997-10-31 2001-10-23 Kyowa Kabushiki Kaisha Material and construction method of prevention of scour for the underwater structure
US20080138157A1 (en) * 2005-02-08 2008-06-12 Deltalok Inc. Sandbag Wall System with United Sandbags
US20060275084A1 (en) * 2005-06-06 2006-12-07 Big Bag Harbeck Gmbh Flood protection
US20070053752A1 (en) * 2005-09-08 2007-03-08 Deltalok Inc. Sandbag retaining walls adapted for plant growth
US20080247685A1 (en) * 2005-09-08 2008-10-09 Deltalok Inc. Constructions and Reinforcement Structures of Connected Sandbags

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ305916B6 (en) * 2013-10-21 2016-05-04 Koexpro Ostrava, Akciová Společnost Erosion control barrier for restricting undesired movements of natural masses due to erosive wash and transportation of floating debris
CN104652358A (en) * 2015-01-04 2015-05-27 杭州木易景观工程有限公司 Ecological slope protection system
CN105178245A (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-12-23 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 Large filling bag ecological embankment and revetment building method for river lake channel
CN106193135A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-12-07 中国矿业大学(北京) A kind of concavo-convex side slope modeling apparatus and manufacture method
US20210340046A1 (en) * 2020-04-29 2021-11-04 Canadian National Railway Company Device for dewatering and method of making same
US11530518B1 (en) 2021-09-27 2022-12-20 Daniel D. Lloyd Shoreline erosion protection using anchored concrete boulders
CN114487343A (en) * 2021-12-29 2022-05-13 河海大学 Microbial action-based tidal trench bank collapse research system and method

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