US20110037349A1 - Apparatus and method for generating electricity using piezoelectric material - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for generating electricity using piezoelectric material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20110037349A1 US20110037349A1 US12/539,315 US53931509A US2011037349A1 US 20110037349 A1 US20110037349 A1 US 20110037349A1 US 53931509 A US53931509 A US 53931509A US 2011037349 A1 US2011037349 A1 US 2011037349A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- elongate member
- piezoelectric element
- elongate
- points
- spacer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
- A43B3/34—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use with electrical or electronic arrangements
- A43B3/38—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use with electrical or electronic arrangements with power sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for generating electricity using piezoelectric material. It relates in particular, but not exclusively, to an apparatus that is powered by movement of a human body part, e.g. a foot.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,918,502 discloses an article of footwear which has a piezoelectric element in the sole.
- the piezoelectric element is pre-formed in an arcuate shape.
- the wearer of the footwear walks or runs the force of the sole impacting the ground causes the piezoelectric element to deform. This generates electricity.
- it requires a special type of curved piezoelectric element, which is expensive and difficult to manufacture.
- the present invention aims to provide an alternative structure for generating electricity from a piezoelectric element.
- the structure may generate more electricity and/or be more robust than prior art designs.
- some preferred embodiments use one or more simple, non-curved piezoelectric elements; this may lead to cost savings and improved ease of manufacture.
- a first aspect of the invention provides an apparatus for generating electricity comprising a first elongate member and a second elongate member, the first and second elongate members being joined together at first and second points which are spaced apart from each other, the second elongate member comprising a piezoelectric element or having a piezoelectric element mounted thereon; whereby when pressure is applied to the first elongate member, the second elongate member is stretched and a stretching force is applied to the piezoelectric element. As the piezoelectric element is stretched this generates electricity.
- the joins between the first and second elongate members may be by adhesive or any other suitable method. There may be an intermediate element joining the two members, but usually they will joined together directly. An important feature is that the joins cause a stretching force to be applied to the second elongate member when the ends (or other joining points) of the first elongate member are moved apart. For example if the first elongate member has a curved arcuate like portion which is compressed by pushing first elongate member towards the second elongate member, then it will lengthen and its ends will move outwards as it is compressed. This causes a stretching force to be applied to the second elongate member via the joins.
- the apparatus is arranged for transmitting a compressive force to the piezoelectric element as well as a stretching force.
- the apparatus may be arranged to apply the stretching force and the compressive force simultaneously to the piezoelectric element once the first elongate member has been deformed by a predetermined amount. For example, once the first elongate member has been deformed such that it contacts the piezoelectric element or once the first elongate member has compressed a spacer between itself and the piezoelectric element by a given amount.
- the first and second elongate members are joined together at the joining points. Between the joining points, the first and second members are preferably not in contact when in the rest state. Preferably there is a gap between the first and second members that may be partially or fully filled by one or more spacers.
- At least one spacer is provided between the first elongate member and the piezoelectric element.
- the spacer may transmit a compressive force to the piezoelectric element when the first elongate member is pushed towards the second elongate member.
- the spacer may also limit the extent of deformation of the first elongate member. This helps to prevent the elongate member from fracturing.
- the first elongate member is stiffer than the second elongate member. This improves the tendency of the apparatus to stretch the first elongate member in response to compression of the apparatus pushing the first and second elongate members together.
- a third elongate member is provided on an opposite side of the second elongate member to the first elongate member; the third elongate member being joined to the second elongate member at third and fourth points which are spaced apart from each other.
- the second elongate member has a first face facing the first elongate member and a second face facing the third elongate member.
- both the first and second faces are at least partially coated with piezoelectric material. This increases the amount of piezoelectric material (e.g. there may be two or more piezoelectric elements), thus increasing the amount of electricity produced.
- the first elongate member is curved or non-linear.
- the third elongate member is curved or non-linear.
- the second elongate member is linear and non-curved.
- the piezoelectric element is not curved or pre-curved.
- a simple off-the-shelf block of piezoelectric material e.g. oblong in shape
- a simple coating may be used. This simplifies the manufacturing process compared to complex custom manufactured pre-curved piezoelectric elements.
- the apparatus is designed for actuation by movement of a human or animal body.
- the apparatus is designed for actuation by movement of a foot, usually a human foot.
- the apparatus may have a surface arranged for compression by a part of the human (or an animal) body.
- a second aspect of the present invention provides a section floor having the electricity generating apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention beneath it.
- the electricity generating apparatus is actuatable to generate electricity by people running, walking or moving over the floor.
- a third aspect of the present invention provides an article of footwear comprising the electricity generating apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention.
- the article of footwear comprises a ground contacting surface and a footbed surface, the electricity generating apparatus being provided between said ground contacting surface and said footbed surface.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for generating electricity comprising first and second elongate members; wherein said second elongate member comprises one or more piezoelectric elements or has one or more piezoelectric elements mounted thereon; said apparatus being arranged such that when pressure is applied to push said second elongate member towards said first elongate member, said apparatus transmits a stretching force and a compressive force to said piezoelectric element. As both a stretching and compressive force are applied to the piezoelectric element more electricity may be produced than if only a stretching or only a compressive force was applied.
- the apparatus is arranged to apply the stretching force and the compressive force simultaneously to the piezoelectric element.
- a stretching force may be applied initially when the first elongate member is pushed towards the second elongate member, followed by a simultaneous stretching and compressive force when the first elongate member is pushed further towards the second elongate member. It is believed that simultaneous compression and stretching forces may produce more electricity than either force being applied individually.
- a fifth aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for generating electricity comprising first, second and third elongate members; wherein said first and third elongate members oppose each other and the second elongate member is provided in between said first and third elongate members; said apparatus being arranged such that when pressure is applied to push said first elongate member towards said third elongate member, the apparatus applies a stretching force to said second elongate member; said second elongate member comprising one or more piezoelectric elements or having one or more piezoelectric elements mounted thereon.
- This is a simple and convenient structure for producing electricity by deformation of piezoelectric elements when the apparatus is compressed (i.e. when the first elongate member is pushed towards the third elongate member and/or vice versa).
- the apparatus is arranged to apply both compressive force and a stretching force to said one or more piezoelectric elements.
- the apparatus comprises one or more spacers between said first elongate member and said piezoelectric element.
- first elongate member is joined to said second elongate member at first and second locations which are spaced apart from each other.
- said third elongate member is joined to said second elongate member at third and fourth locations which are spaced apart from each other.
- said second elongate member is less stiff than first and third elongate members.
- said first and third elongate members are curved.
- a sixth aspect of the present invention provides a method of generating electricity comprising providing a structure comprising a first elongate member, and a second elongate member, the first and second elongate members being joined together at first and second points which are spaced apart from each other, the second elongate member comprising a piezoelectric element or having a piezoelectric element mounted thereon; and applying pressure to the first elongate member to push the first elongate member towards the second elongate member.
- the structure responds to said pressure by stretching the second elongate member and thus applying a stretching force to the piezoelectric element. As the piezoelectric element is stretched this generates electricity.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention provides a method for generating electricity comprising providing a structure having first and second elongate members; wherein said second elongate member comprises a piezoelectric element or has a piezoelectric element mounted thereon; applying pressure to push said second elongate member towards said first elongate member, and transmitting a stretching force and a compressive force via said structure to said piezoelectric element.
- a stretching and compressive force are applied to the piezoelectric element, more electricity may be produced than if only a stretching or only a compressive force was applied.
- An eighth aspect of the present invention provides a method for generating electricity comprising providing a structure first, second and third elongate members; wherein said first and third elongate members oppose each other and the second elongate member is provided in between said first and third elongate members; applying pressure to push said first elongate member towards said third elongate member and deforming said structure such that a stretching force is applied to said second elongate member; said second elongate member comprising one or more piezoelectric elements or having one or more piezoelectric elements mounted thereon.
- FIG. 1 shows an article of footwear containing an apparatus for generating electricity
- FIG. 2 shows a plurality of apparatus for generating electricity underneath a floor
- FIG. 3 illustrates an apparatus for generating electricity comprising piezoelectric material
- FIG. 4 illustrates how the apparatus of FIG. 3 applies a stretching force to the piezoelectric material
- FIG. 5 shows a portion of the apparatus of FIG. 3 in more detail
- FIG. 6 illustrates how the apparatus of FIG. 3 applies a compressive force to the piezoelectric material
- FIG. 7( a ) illustrates a piezoelectric element being compressed
- FIG. 7( b ) illustrates a piezoelectric element being stretched
- FIG. 8( a ) illustrates a dual-mode apparatus for generating electricity
- FIG. 8( b ) illustrates a stretching mode apparatus for generating electricity
- FIG. 8( c ) illustrates a compression mode apparatus for generating electricity having a small gap between the elongate members
- FIG. 8( d ) illustrates a compression mode apparatus for generating electricity having a large gap between the elongate members
- FIG. 9( a ) is a cross section of a dual mode apparatus for generating electricity
- FIG. 9( b ) is a cross section of a stretching mode apparatus for generating electricity
- FIG. 9( c ) is a cross section of a compression mode apparatus for generating electricity
- FIG. 10 is a graph illustrating the charge generated against displacement for the apparatus of FIGS. 8( a )- 8 ( d );
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an alternative embodiment of the electricity generating apparatus.
- FIG. 1 shows an article of footwear 1 comprising an upper portion 28 adapted to surround a person's foot and a sole portion 30 adapted to underlie a person's foot and protect it from the ground.
- the sole has a foot bed surface 28 for contacting a person's foot and a bottom surface 34 for contacting the ground.
- the sole 30 comprises a cavity in which are located a pair of piezoelectric apparatus for generating electricity 40 , 41 .
- the sole may have only one apparatus for generating electricity 40 , or more than two such apparatus.
- the apparatus 40 , 41 are preferably stacked, as shown in FIG. 1 , one above the other.
- the apparatus 40 , 41 are located in a portion of the sole just below the heel of the foot (when the footwear is being worn).
- the footwear 1 has one or more electric devices 60 which are fully or partially powered by electricity generating apparatus 40 , 41 .
- the electricity generating apparatus 40 , 41 are electrically connected to an energy storage module 50 for storing electricity.
- the energy storage module 50 may comprise one or more capacitors for storing electrical energy.
- the energy storage module 50 is electrically connected to one or more electric devices 60 .
- the electric devices 60 comprise a sensor for sensing the number of steps taken by the person wearing the footwear, an MCU for processing data from the sensor and an RF module for communicating data from the MCU or the sensor.
- the footwear may also comprise a step counter display 70 .
- the step counter display 70 may be powered by the energy storage module 50 or the electricity generating apparatus 40 , 41 . It receives data from the sensor 60 .
- FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention in which a plurality of apparatus for generating electricity 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 are located beneath a floor 100 .
- the term floor is used very generally in this specification and includes any area, such as a platform, stage, floor boards, carpet etc, which people will walk on.
- the floor may comprise one or more members.
- the floor 100 is deformable and capable of transmitting variations in pressure, caused by people walking or running over it, to the apparatus below. Beneath the floor are a plurality of apparatus 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 for generating electricity.
- FIG. 2 shows only a section of the floor 100 and only four of the apparatus for generating electricity. It is anticipated that many more electricity generating apparatus may be used. Preferably, at least some of the electricity generating apparatus are stacked one on top of another as shown in FIG. 2 . In alternative embodiments the arrangement of electricity generating apparatus may have only one level, or three or more levels in a stacked arrangement, rather than two levels as shown in FIG. 2 .
- the structure is such that pressure applied to the floor 100 is transmitted to the electricity generating apparatus 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 .
- pressure applied to the electricity generating apparatus 40 on the first level is applied to any electricity generating apparatus 41 in lower levels of the stacked arrangement. This may, for example, be achieved by provision of a resilient material 110 between the floor 100 and the apparatus 40 and between the apparatus 40 and the lower level apparatus 41 .
- Other arrangements for achieving transmission of pressure will be apparent to a person skilled in the art.
- the electricity generating apparatus 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 are electrically connected to an energy storage module 50 .
- the energy storage module 50 is electrically connected to an electrically powered device, such as display 120 .
- the electricity generating apparatus may be arranged to supply electricity to the device 120 directly.
- an energy storage module 50 is used in order to regulate the supply of power.
- the arrangement of electricity generating apparatus under a floor will be especially useful in transport stations, tourist attractions and other areas which a large number of people pass through every day. In this way electrical power may be generated in an environmentally friendly fashion and electricity bills reduced.
- FIGS. 3 to 5 The design of the electricity generating apparatus is shown in more detail in FIGS. 3 to 5 .
- FIG. 3 shows an example of the apparatus for generating electricity 40 . It comprises a first elongate member 210 , a second elongate member 220 and a third elongate member 230 .
- the first and third elongate members are non-linear and curved, while the second elongate member is not curved and is substantially linear.
- the second elongate member is sandwiched between the first two elongate members and joined to both of them at its ends. That is the second elongate member is joined with the first elongate member at points 261 and 262 and with the third elongate member at points 264 and 265 .
- One or more piezoelectric elements and spacers are provided between the second elongate member and the first and third elongate members. The arrangement is shown in more detail in FIG. 5 .
- a piezoelectric element 255 is mounted onto first surface 221 of the second elongate member 220 , which faces an inner side of the first elongate member 210 .
- the mounting may be by coating, adhesive or otherwise.
- a stopper or spacer 250 is provided between the first elongate member 210 and the piezoelectric element 255 .
- the spacer 250 is arranged to transmit force and pressure from the first elongate member to the piezoelectric element 255 .
- the spacer 250 also limits the extent of deformation of the first elongate member by limiting the amount by which it can move towards the second elongate member.
- a second surface 222 of the second elongate member 220 faces an inner side of the third elongate member 230 .
- a piezoelectric element 245 is mounted onto second surface 222 . The mounting may be by coating, adhesive or otherwise.
- a stopper or spacer 240 is provided between the third elongate member 230 and the piezoelectric element 245 .
- the spacer 240 is arranged to transmit force and pressure from the first elongate member 210 to the piezoelectric element 245 .
- the spacer 240 also limits the extent of deformation of the third elongate member 230 by limiting the amount by which it can be pushed towards the second elongate member 220 .
- spacers 240 , 250 are shown as separate elements, they could alternatively form an integral part of the elongate members.
- the piezoelectric element is not pre-curved. In this embodiment it is a simple linear block. This has the advantage that off-the-shelf piezoelectric material may be used and there is no complicated manufacturing process. Furthermore, the piezoelectric element is relatively robust and may be less liable to fracture than a curved element.
- the second elongate member may itself comprise a piezoelectric element.
- the second elongate member may be made of piezoelectric material, or may be made primarily of another material, but include one or more piezoelectric elements. In that case, there is no need for a separate piezoelectric element to be mounted to the second elongate member.
- FIG. 11 shows an alternative arrangement in which the first and third elongate members have a non regular curve.
- the important feature, in common with the embodiment of FIG. 3 is that the first elongate member joins the second elongate member at first 361 and second 362 points which are spaced apart. In between the first and second points 361 , 362 there are one or more cavities between the inner surface of the first elongate member and the opposing first surface of the second elongate member. These cavities are preferably partially, or fully, filled with spacers for contacting the piezoelectric element or elements.
- the second elongate member may comprise one or more piezoelectric elements or have one or more piezoelectric elements mounted thereon.
- the third elongate member has a similar arrangement and joins the second elongate member at third 364 and fourth 365 points, which are spaced apart.
- the first elongate element has a double hump type shape with two maxima.
- the arrangement preferably has a member 380 for contacting and transmitting force to the two maxima. This ensures that uniform pressure is applied to the first elongate member.
- FIG. 4 shows the apparatus in operation, when an external force is being applied to it.
- a force 400 , 410 is applied pushing the first member towards the second member and pushing the third member towards the second member.
- the force may be due to application of pressure by a person walking, running or jumping, for example.
- the person's foot may apply the pressure via the footwear or floor as shown in FIG. 1 or 2 .
- the force 400 , 410 causes the first and third elongate members to flatten slightly and move outwards which applies a stretching force to the second elongate member as shown in FIG. 4 .
- the stretching force is applied via the joins 261 , 262 between the first elongate member and the second elongate member and the joins 264 , 265 between the third elongate member and the second elongate member.
- the piezoelectric elements 255 , 245 are stretched. This stretching takes the form of longitudinal deformation as shown in FIG. 7( b ).
- the stretching of the piezoelectric material generates electricity, which may be tapped by electrical lines (e.g. wires) and fed to an energy storage device or an electrically powered device.
- the force 400 , 410 applied to the apparatus also causes a compressive force to be transmitted to the piezoelectric element or elements. See FIG. 6 .
- the force is transmitted through the spacers 250 , 240 as a compressive force to the respective piezoelectric elements 255 , 245 .
- This causes compression and transverse deformation of the piezoelectric elements as shown in FIG. 7( a ).
- This compression generates electricity which may be tapped as described above.
- Transverse deformation of the piezoelectric element means compression along axis 3 and/or expansion along axis 2 in FIG. 7 ; basically deformation in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the elongate member.
- FIG. 7( a ) shows a compressive force applied to a piezoelectric element. Deformation of the piezoelectric element, in response to the compressive force, generates electricity which may be tapped by wires 500 .
- FIG. 7( b ) shows a stretching force applied to a piezoelectric element. Deformation of the piezoelectric element, in response to the stretching force, generates electricity which may be tapped by wires 500 .
- the stretching force is usually transmitted to the piezoelectric element first, followed by the compressive force later. This is due to the construction of the apparatus as shown in FIG. 3 .
- the point at which the compressive force kicks in will depend upon the height of the spacers, the height of the gap between first and second elongate members and the properties of the spacer material.
- FIGS. 8( a ) to 8 ( d ) show various different designs of apparatus for generating electricity.
- FIG. 8( a ) is a three dimensional view of the design, the same as that discussed above with reference to FIGS. 3-6 . It is shown in cross-section in FIG. 9( a ).
- the apparatus operates in stretching mode only. There are no spacers to transmit a compressive force to the piezoelectric elements. Therefore only a stretching force is applied to the piezoelectric elements. Unless, that is, the first or third member is deformed by such an extent that it actually touches the piezoelectric element or the second elongate member.
- the apparatus is shown in cross section in FIG. 9( b ).
- the apparatus operates in compressive mode only.
- a piezoelectric element 245 is placed between two spacers 240 , 250 . These are sandwiched between a first elongate member 210 and a second elongate member 330 .
- Preferably both the first and second elongate members 210 , 330 are curved.
- FIG. 9( c ) A cross-sectional view is provided in FIG. 9( c ).
- the second elongate element 330 to be substantially linear. However, that is not the preferred arrangement.
- one of the first and second spacers 240 , 250 could be removed.
- FIG. 8( d ) The apparatus shown in FIG. 8( d ) is similar to FIG. 8( c ), differing only in that the transverse gap (along the second axis 2 ) between the first and second elongate members is larger.
- the height of the spacers 240 , 250 is also larger than in FIG. 8( c ).
- the stiffness of the outer elongate members is similar or substantially the same.
- the outer elongate members are the first and third elongate members in FIGS. 8( a ) and 8 ( b ), or the first and second elongate members in FIGS. 8( c ) and 8 ( d )).
- the stiffness of the inner elongate member is less than the stiffness of the outer elongate members.
- the spacers are made from a resilient material which is able to absorb shocks.
- the elongate members are made of copper
- the spacers are vinyl or PVC with a low modulus of elasticity
- the piezoelectric material is PZT5H.
- FIGS. 8( a ) to (d) were tested.
- the results are shown in the graph of FIG. 10 , which shows the charge produced against transverse displacement of the outer elongate members, for each design.
- the charge produced by stretching (as shown by the line representing the ‘stretching mode’ apparatus of FIG. 8( b )) increased linearly with displacement of the outer elongate members.
- the x-axis of the graph represents transverse displacement along axis 2 as the first member is pushed towards the second member.
- the charge produced appeared to be greater than that from stretching and compression alone.
- the graph has an increased gradient between approximately 0.38 mm and 0.48 mm, indicating a contribution to the electric charge from both stretching and compression in that region.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for generating electricity using piezoelectric material. It relates in particular, but not exclusively, to an apparatus that is powered by movement of a human body part, e.g. a foot.
- It may, for example, be used in the sole of a shoe or under a floor. Then the changes in pressure, caused by a person walking or moving, deform the piezoelectric material causing it to generate electricity.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,918,502 discloses an article of footwear which has a piezoelectric element in the sole. The piezoelectric element is pre-formed in an arcuate shape. When the wearer of the footwear walks or runs the force of the sole impacting the ground causes the piezoelectric element to deform. This generates electricity. However, it requires a special type of curved piezoelectric element, which is expensive and difficult to manufacture.
- The present invention aims to provide an alternative structure for generating electricity from a piezoelectric element. In preferred embodiments the structure may generate more electricity and/or be more robust than prior art designs. Furthermore, some preferred embodiments use one or more simple, non-curved piezoelectric elements; this may lead to cost savings and improved ease of manufacture.
- A first aspect of the invention provides an apparatus for generating electricity comprising a first elongate member and a second elongate member, the first and second elongate members being joined together at first and second points which are spaced apart from each other, the second elongate member comprising a piezoelectric element or having a piezoelectric element mounted thereon; whereby when pressure is applied to the first elongate member, the second elongate member is stretched and a stretching force is applied to the piezoelectric element. As the piezoelectric element is stretched this generates electricity.
- The joins between the first and second elongate members may be by adhesive or any other suitable method. There may be an intermediate element joining the two members, but usually they will joined together directly. An important feature is that the joins cause a stretching force to be applied to the second elongate member when the ends (or other joining points) of the first elongate member are moved apart. For example if the first elongate member has a curved arcuate like portion which is compressed by pushing first elongate member towards the second elongate member, then it will lengthen and its ends will move outwards as it is compressed. This causes a stretching force to be applied to the second elongate member via the joins.
- Preferably the apparatus is arranged for transmitting a compressive force to the piezoelectric element as well as a stretching force. The apparatus may be arranged to apply the stretching force and the compressive force simultaneously to the piezoelectric element once the first elongate member has been deformed by a predetermined amount. For example, once the first elongate member has been deformed such that it contacts the piezoelectric element or once the first elongate member has compressed a spacer between itself and the piezoelectric element by a given amount.
- The first and second elongate members are joined together at the joining points. Between the joining points, the first and second members are preferably not in contact when in the rest state. Preferably there is a gap between the first and second members that may be partially or fully filled by one or more spacers.
- Preferably at least one spacer is provided between the first elongate member and the piezoelectric element. The spacer may transmit a compressive force to the piezoelectric element when the first elongate member is pushed towards the second elongate member. The spacer may also limit the extent of deformation of the first elongate member. This helps to prevent the elongate member from fracturing.
- Preferably the first elongate member is stiffer than the second elongate member. This improves the tendency of the apparatus to stretch the first elongate member in response to compression of the apparatus pushing the first and second elongate members together.
- In a preferred structure, a third elongate member is provided on an opposite side of the second elongate member to the first elongate member; the third elongate member being joined to the second elongate member at third and fourth points which are spaced apart from each other. This enhances the ability of the apparatus to stretch the second elongate member. Generally the second elongate member has a first face facing the first elongate member and a second face facing the third elongate member. Preferably both the first and second faces are at least partially coated with piezoelectric material. This increases the amount of piezoelectric material (e.g. there may be two or more piezoelectric elements), thus increasing the amount of electricity produced.
- Preferably the first elongate member is curved or non-linear. Preferably the third elongate member is curved or non-linear. Preferably the second elongate member is linear and non-curved.
- Preferably the piezoelectric element (or elements) is not curved or pre-curved. Instead a simple off-the-shelf block of piezoelectric material (e.g. oblong in shape) or a simple coating may be used. This simplifies the manufacturing process compared to complex custom manufactured pre-curved piezoelectric elements.
- Preferably the apparatus is designed for actuation by movement of a human or animal body. Most preferably the apparatus is designed for actuation by movement of a foot, usually a human foot. The apparatus may have a surface arranged for compression by a part of the human (or an animal) body.
- A second aspect of the present invention provides a section floor having the electricity generating apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention beneath it. The electricity generating apparatus is actuatable to generate electricity by people running, walking or moving over the floor.
- A third aspect of the present invention provides an article of footwear comprising the electricity generating apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention. Preferably the article of footwear comprises a ground contacting surface and a footbed surface, the electricity generating apparatus being provided between said ground contacting surface and said footbed surface.
- A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for generating electricity comprising first and second elongate members; wherein said second elongate member comprises one or more piezoelectric elements or has one or more piezoelectric elements mounted thereon; said apparatus being arranged such that when pressure is applied to push said second elongate member towards said first elongate member, said apparatus transmits a stretching force and a compressive force to said piezoelectric element. As both a stretching and compressive force are applied to the piezoelectric element more electricity may be produced than if only a stretching or only a compressive force was applied.
- Preferably the apparatus is arranged to apply the stretching force and the compressive force simultaneously to the piezoelectric element. For example, a stretching force may be applied initially when the first elongate member is pushed towards the second elongate member, followed by a simultaneous stretching and compressive force when the first elongate member is pushed further towards the second elongate member. It is believed that simultaneous compression and stretching forces may produce more electricity than either force being applied individually.
- A fifth aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for generating electricity comprising first, second and third elongate members; wherein said first and third elongate members oppose each other and the second elongate member is provided in between said first and third elongate members; said apparatus being arranged such that when pressure is applied to push said first elongate member towards said third elongate member, the apparatus applies a stretching force to said second elongate member; said second elongate member comprising one or more piezoelectric elements or having one or more piezoelectric elements mounted thereon. This is a simple and convenient structure for producing electricity by deformation of piezoelectric elements when the apparatus is compressed (i.e. when the first elongate member is pushed towards the third elongate member and/or vice versa).
- Preferably the apparatus is arranged to apply both compressive force and a stretching force to said one or more piezoelectric elements.
- Preferably the apparatus comprises one or more spacers between said first elongate member and said piezoelectric element.
- Preferably the first elongate member is joined to said second elongate member at first and second locations which are spaced apart from each other.
- Preferably said third elongate member is joined to said second elongate member at third and fourth locations which are spaced apart from each other.
- Preferably said second elongate member is less stiff than first and third elongate members. Preferably said first and third elongate members are curved.
- A sixth aspect of the present invention provides a method of generating electricity comprising providing a structure comprising a first elongate member, and a second elongate member, the first and second elongate members being joined together at first and second points which are spaced apart from each other, the second elongate member comprising a piezoelectric element or having a piezoelectric element mounted thereon; and applying pressure to the first elongate member to push the first elongate member towards the second elongate member. The structure responds to said pressure by stretching the second elongate member and thus applying a stretching force to the piezoelectric element. As the piezoelectric element is stretched this generates electricity.
- A seventh aspect of the present invention provides a method for generating electricity comprising providing a structure having first and second elongate members; wherein said second elongate member comprises a piezoelectric element or has a piezoelectric element mounted thereon; applying pressure to push said second elongate member towards said first elongate member, and transmitting a stretching force and a compressive force via said structure to said piezoelectric element. As both a stretching and compressive force are applied to the piezoelectric element, more electricity may be produced than if only a stretching or only a compressive force was applied.
- An eighth aspect of the present invention provides a method for generating electricity comprising providing a structure first, second and third elongate members; wherein said first and third elongate members oppose each other and the second elongate member is provided in between said first and third elongate members; applying pressure to push said first elongate member towards said third elongate member and deforming said structure such that a stretching force is applied to said second elongate member; said second elongate member comprising one or more piezoelectric elements or having one or more piezoelectric elements mounted thereon.
- Any of the features of any of the above aspects of the invention may be combined together.
- Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the drawings in which:-
-
FIG. 1 shows an article of footwear containing an apparatus for generating electricity; -
FIG. 2 shows a plurality of apparatus for generating electricity underneath a floor; -
FIG. 3 illustrates an apparatus for generating electricity comprising piezoelectric material; -
FIG. 4 illustrates how the apparatus ofFIG. 3 applies a stretching force to the piezoelectric material; -
FIG. 5 shows a portion of the apparatus ofFIG. 3 in more detail; -
FIG. 6 illustrates how the apparatus ofFIG. 3 applies a compressive force to the piezoelectric material; -
FIG. 7( a) illustrates a piezoelectric element being compressed; -
FIG. 7( b) illustrates a piezoelectric element being stretched; -
FIG. 8( a) illustrates a dual-mode apparatus for generating electricity; -
FIG. 8( b) illustrates a stretching mode apparatus for generating electricity; -
FIG. 8( c) illustrates a compression mode apparatus for generating electricity having a small gap between the elongate members; -
FIG. 8( d) illustrates a compression mode apparatus for generating electricity having a large gap between the elongate members; -
FIG. 9( a) is a cross section of a dual mode apparatus for generating electricity; -
FIG. 9( b) is a cross section of a stretching mode apparatus for generating electricity; -
FIG. 9( c) is a cross section of a compression mode apparatus for generating electricity; -
FIG. 10 is a graph illustrating the charge generated against displacement for the apparatus ofFIGS. 8( a)-8(d); and -
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an alternative embodiment of the electricity generating apparatus. -
FIG. 1 shows an article offootwear 1 comprising anupper portion 28 adapted to surround a person's foot and asole portion 30 adapted to underlie a person's foot and protect it from the ground. The sole has afoot bed surface 28 for contacting a person's foot and abottom surface 34 for contacting the ground. - The sole 30 comprises a cavity in which are located a pair of piezoelectric apparatus for generating
electricity electricity 40, or more than two such apparatus. Theapparatus FIG. 1 , one above the other. Theapparatus - The
footwear 1 has one or moreelectric devices 60 which are fully or partially powered byelectricity generating apparatus electricity generating apparatus energy storage module 50 for storing electricity. Theenergy storage module 50 may comprise one or more capacitors for storing electrical energy. - The
energy storage module 50 is electrically connected to one or moreelectric devices 60. In this embodiment theelectric devices 60 comprise a sensor for sensing the number of steps taken by the person wearing the footwear, an MCU for processing data from the sensor and an RF module for communicating data from the MCU or the sensor. The footwear may also comprise astep counter display 70. Thestep counter display 70 may be powered by theenergy storage module 50 or theelectricity generating apparatus sensor 60. -
FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention in which a plurality of apparatus for generatingelectricity floor 100. The term floor is used very generally in this specification and includes any area, such as a platform, stage, floor boards, carpet etc, which people will walk on. The floor may comprise one or more members. - The
floor 100 is deformable and capable of transmitting variations in pressure, caused by people walking or running over it, to the apparatus below. Beneath the floor are a plurality ofapparatus FIG. 2 shows only a section of thefloor 100 and only four of the apparatus for generating electricity. It is anticipated that many more electricity generating apparatus may be used. Preferably, at least some of the electricity generating apparatus are stacked one on top of another as shown inFIG. 2 . In alternative embodiments the arrangement of electricity generating apparatus may have only one level, or three or more levels in a stacked arrangement, rather than two levels as shown inFIG. 2 . - The structure is such that pressure applied to the
floor 100 is transmitted to theelectricity generating apparatus electricity generating apparatus 40 on the first level is applied to anyelectricity generating apparatus 41 in lower levels of the stacked arrangement. This may, for example, be achieved by provision of aresilient material 110 between thefloor 100 and theapparatus 40 and between theapparatus 40 and thelower level apparatus 41. Other arrangements for achieving transmission of pressure will be apparent to a person skilled in the art. - The
electricity generating apparatus energy storage module 50. Theenergy storage module 50 is electrically connected to an electrically powered device, such asdisplay 120. Alternatively, the electricity generating apparatus may be arranged to supply electricity to thedevice 120 directly. However, it is preferred that anenergy storage module 50 is used in order to regulate the supply of power. - The arrangement of electricity generating apparatus under a floor will be especially useful in transport stations, tourist attractions and other areas which a large number of people pass through every day. In this way electrical power may be generated in an environmentally friendly fashion and electricity bills reduced.
- The design of the electricity generating apparatus is shown in more detail in
FIGS. 3 to 5 . -
FIG. 3 shows an example of the apparatus for generatingelectricity 40. It comprises a firstelongate member 210, a secondelongate member 220 and a thirdelongate member 230. The first and third elongate members are non-linear and curved, while the second elongate member is not curved and is substantially linear. The second elongate member is sandwiched between the first two elongate members and joined to both of them at its ends. That is the second elongate member is joined with the first elongate member atpoints points - One or more piezoelectric elements and spacers are provided between the second elongate member and the first and third elongate members. The arrangement is shown in more detail in
FIG. 5 . - A
piezoelectric element 255 is mounted ontofirst surface 221 of the secondelongate member 220, which faces an inner side of the firstelongate member 210. The mounting may be by coating, adhesive or otherwise. A stopper orspacer 250 is provided between the firstelongate member 210 and thepiezoelectric element 255. Thespacer 250 is arranged to transmit force and pressure from the first elongate member to thepiezoelectric element 255. Thespacer 250 also limits the extent of deformation of the first elongate member by limiting the amount by which it can move towards the second elongate member. - A
second surface 222 of the secondelongate member 220 faces an inner side of the thirdelongate member 230. Apiezoelectric element 245 is mounted ontosecond surface 222. The mounting may be by coating, adhesive or otherwise. A stopper orspacer 240 is provided between the thirdelongate member 230 and thepiezoelectric element 245. Thespacer 240 is arranged to transmit force and pressure from the firstelongate member 210 to thepiezoelectric element 245. Thespacer 240 also limits the extent of deformation of the thirdelongate member 230 by limiting the amount by which it can be pushed towards the secondelongate member 220. - While the
spacers - The piezoelectric element is not pre-curved. In this embodiment it is a simple linear block. This has the advantage that off-the-shelf piezoelectric material may be used and there is no complicated manufacturing process. Furthermore, the piezoelectric element is relatively robust and may be less liable to fracture than a curved element.
- In alternative embodiments the second elongate member may itself comprise a piezoelectric element. For example, the second elongate member may be made of piezoelectric material, or may be made primarily of another material, but include one or more piezoelectric elements. In that case, there is no need for a separate piezoelectric element to be mounted to the second elongate member.
- In alternative embodiments the outer elongate members need not be curved in a convex shape as in
FIG. 3 .FIG. 11 shows an alternative arrangement in which the first and third elongate members have a non regular curve. The important feature, in common with the embodiment ofFIG. 3 , is that the first elongate member joins the second elongate member at first 361 and second 362 points which are spaced apart. In between the first andsecond points - In the example shown in
FIG. 11 the first elongate element has a double hump type shape with two maxima. The arrangement preferably has amember 380 for contacting and transmitting force to the two maxima. This ensures that uniform pressure is applied to the first elongate member. -
FIG. 4 shows the apparatus in operation, when an external force is being applied to it. Aforce FIG. 1 or 2. - The
force FIG. 4 . The stretching force is applied via the joins 261, 262 between the first elongate member and the second elongate member and the joins 264, 265 between the third elongate member and the second elongate member. As the second elongate member is stretched, thepiezoelectric elements FIG. 7( b). The stretching of the piezoelectric material generates electricity, which may be tapped by electrical lines (e.g. wires) and fed to an energy storage device or an electrically powered device. - In addition to stretching, the
force FIG. 6 . The force is transmitted through thespacers piezoelectric elements FIG. 7( a). This compression generates electricity which may be tapped as described above. Transverse deformation of the piezoelectric element means compression alongaxis 3 and/or expansion alongaxis 2 inFIG. 7 ; basically deformation in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the elongate member. -
FIG. 7( a) shows a compressive force applied to a piezoelectric element. Deformation of the piezoelectric element, in response to the compressive force, generates electricity which may be tapped bywires 500.FIG. 7( b) shows a stretching force applied to a piezoelectric element. Deformation of the piezoelectric element, in response to the stretching force, generates electricity which may be tapped bywires 500. - After application of
force FIG. 3 . The point at which the compressive force kicks in will depend upon the height of the spacers, the height of the gap between first and second elongate members and the properties of the spacer material. -
FIGS. 8( a) to 8(d) show various different designs of apparatus for generating electricity.FIG. 8( a) is a three dimensional view of the design, the same as that discussed above with reference toFIGS. 3-6 . It is shown in cross-section inFIG. 9( a). - In an alternative embodiment, shown in
FIG. 8( b), the apparatus operates in stretching mode only. There are no spacers to transmit a compressive force to the piezoelectric elements. Therefore only a stretching force is applied to the piezoelectric elements. Unless, that is, the first or third member is deformed by such an extent that it actually touches the piezoelectric element or the second elongate member. The apparatus is shown in cross section inFIG. 9( b). - In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 8( c), the apparatus operates in compressive mode only. Apiezoelectric element 245 is placed between twospacers elongate member 210 and a secondelongate member 330. Preferably both the first and secondelongate members FIG. 9( c). In an alternative arrangement, the secondelongate element 330 to be substantially linear. However, that is not the preferred arrangement. Optionally one of the first andsecond spacers - The apparatus shown in
FIG. 8( d) is similar toFIG. 8( c), differing only in that the transverse gap (along the second axis 2) between the first and second elongate members is larger. The height of thespacers FIG. 8( c). - It is preferred that the stiffness of the outer elongate members is similar or substantially the same. (The outer elongate members are the first and third elongate members in
FIGS. 8( a) and 8(b), or the first and second elongate members inFIGS. 8( c) and 8(d)). It is preferred that the stiffness of the inner elongate member (the second elongate member inFIGS. 8( a) and 8(b)) is less than the stiffness of the outer elongate members. When the inner elongate member has a lower stiffness than the outer elongate members, this has a tendency to increase the stretching force that is applied to the second elongate member and the piezoelectric elements. - Various materials will be suitable for making the apparatus and will be apparent to a person skilled in the art. Preferably the spacers are made from a resilient material which is able to absorb shocks. In one preferred embodiment, the elongate members are made of copper, the spacers are vinyl or PVC with a low modulus of elasticity and the piezoelectric material is PZT5H.
- The various apparatus shown in
FIGS. 8( a) to (d) were tested. The results are shown in the graph ofFIG. 10 , which shows the charge produced against transverse displacement of the outer elongate members, for each design. - It can be seen that while the ‘compression mode’ apparatus of
FIGS. 8( c) and 8(d) have different sizes of gap between their outer elongate members, this did not make any difference to the amount of charge produced. However, the greater the gap the larger the displacement required before an electric charge was produced. - The charge produced by stretching (as shown by the line representing the ‘stretching mode’ apparatus of
FIG. 8( b)) increased linearly with displacement of the outer elongate members. The x-axis of the graph represents transverse displacement alongaxis 2 as the first member is pushed towards the second member. - The dual mode apparatus of
FIG. 8( a), with both stretching and compression of the piezoelectric material, provided the best performance. The charge produced appeared to be greater than that from stretching and compression alone. The graph has an increased gradient between approximately 0.38 mm and 0.48 mm, indicating a contribution to the electric charge from both stretching and compression in that region. - Various embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of example. However, modifications and variations to the described embodiments could be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (25)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/539,315 US7902727B1 (en) | 2009-08-11 | 2009-08-11 | Apparatus and method for generating electricity using piezoelectric material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/539,315 US7902727B1 (en) | 2009-08-11 | 2009-08-11 | Apparatus and method for generating electricity using piezoelectric material |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20110037349A1 true US20110037349A1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
US7902727B1 US7902727B1 (en) | 2011-03-08 |
Family
ID=43588169
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/539,315 Expired - Fee Related US7902727B1 (en) | 2009-08-11 | 2009-08-11 | Apparatus and method for generating electricity using piezoelectric material |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7902727B1 (en) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8076825B1 (en) * | 2007-07-12 | 2011-12-13 | Louisiana Tech University Foundation, Inc. | Electret film generator |
US20130104425A1 (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-02 | Anvit Kalra-Lall | Power generating article of apparel |
US20130247424A1 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-26 | Shen-Ko Tseng | Step-counting shoe |
US20140137441A1 (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-05-22 | Jessica Gudgel | Strikeplate and match association component |
US8907505B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2014-12-09 | Energy Harvesters Llc | Method and apparatus for generating electrical energy |
US20150042101A1 (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2015-02-12 | Queenie Zhu Luo | Method and system for charging a battery in footwear while a person walks or runs and in crutches or a wheelchair while a handicapped person moves |
CN104544698A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江大学 | Piezoelectric self-power-supply positioning shoe |
CN104799482A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-07-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Multifunctional shoe based on gravity power generation |
CN105065215A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-18 | 李政江 | Environment-friendly electric generator |
CN105099264A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2015-11-25 | 闫世伟 | Piezoelectric generating device and application thereof |
CN105167308A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-23 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Shoes capable of collecting energy |
US20160049108A1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2016-02-18 | Sony Corporation | Image display apparatus, image display method, storage medium, and monitoring system |
JP2016125290A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-07-11 | タキロン株式会社 | Power generating floor material |
JP2017159024A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-09-14 | アディダス アーゲー | Energy harvesting sole |
US20190183206A1 (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2019-06-20 | Futurific, Inc. | Energy-Saving Wearable Piezoelectric Transportation Device |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9084859B2 (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2015-07-21 | Sleepnea Llc | Energy-harvesting respiratory method and device |
EP3086680B1 (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2018-12-19 | Normac Trading Pty Ltd. | A footwear heel |
Citations (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3940637A (en) * | 1973-10-15 | 1976-02-24 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Polymeric piezoelectric key actuated device |
US4580074A (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1986-04-01 | General Motors Corporation | Piezoelectric transducer with coded output signal |
US4581506A (en) * | 1984-12-26 | 1986-04-08 | Motorola, Inc. | Impact switch |
US5155408A (en) * | 1989-09-07 | 1992-10-13 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Piezoelectric transducer having piezoelectric elements free from stress concentrations |
US5500635A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1996-03-19 | Mott; Jonathan C. | Products incorporating piezoelectric material |
US5918502A (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1999-07-06 | Face International Corporation | Footwear incorporating piezoelectric spring system |
US6392329B1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2002-05-21 | Face International Corp. | Piezoelectric vibrating apparatus |
US6407484B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-06-18 | Rockwell Technologies Inc | Piezoelectric energy harvester and method |
US6433465B1 (en) * | 2000-05-02 | 2002-08-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Energy-harvesting device using electrostrictive polymers |
US6630894B1 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2003-10-07 | Face International Corp. | Self-powered switching device |
US6664712B2 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2003-12-16 | Cranfield University | Ultrasonic motors |
US6861765B2 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2005-03-01 | Denso Corporation | Generator system for use in automotive vehicle |
US6994762B2 (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2006-02-07 | The Boeing Company | Single crystal piezo (SCP) apparatus and method of forming same |
US7095529B2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2006-08-22 | Xerox Corporation | Color management system |
US7161276B2 (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2007-01-09 | Face International Corp. | Self-powered, electronic keyed, multifunction switching system |
US7436104B2 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-10-14 | The Boeing Company | Non-linear piezoelectric mechanical-to-electrical generator system and method |
US7439657B2 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-10-21 | The Boeing Company | Broadband energy harvester apparatus and method |
US7692366B2 (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2010-04-06 | Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. | Miniaturized piezoelectric based vibrational energy harvester |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2802731B1 (en) | 1999-12-16 | 2002-01-25 | Schneider Electric Ind Sa | AUTONOMOUS REMOTE CONTROL DEVICE, APPARATUS AND ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE |
US7446459B2 (en) | 2005-07-14 | 2008-11-04 | National Institute Of Aerospace Associates | Hybrid piezoelectric energy harvesting transducer system |
CN1901252B (en) | 2005-07-18 | 2010-05-05 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery connection sheet and battery group using said battery connection sheet |
WO2008069524A1 (en) | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-12 | Jae Gu Jeong | Footwear sole having an electric discharge effect |
CN101278768A (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2008-10-08 | 大连理工大学 | Power-generating shoes |
CN201210651Y (en) | 2008-06-19 | 2009-03-18 | 刘兴中 | Piezoelectric power generator |
-
2009
- 2009-08-11 US US12/539,315 patent/US7902727B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3940637A (en) * | 1973-10-15 | 1976-02-24 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Polymeric piezoelectric key actuated device |
US4580074A (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1986-04-01 | General Motors Corporation | Piezoelectric transducer with coded output signal |
US4581506A (en) * | 1984-12-26 | 1986-04-08 | Motorola, Inc. | Impact switch |
US5155408A (en) * | 1989-09-07 | 1992-10-13 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Piezoelectric transducer having piezoelectric elements free from stress concentrations |
US5500635A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1996-03-19 | Mott; Jonathan C. | Products incorporating piezoelectric material |
US5918502A (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1999-07-06 | Face International Corporation | Footwear incorporating piezoelectric spring system |
US6664712B2 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2003-12-16 | Cranfield University | Ultrasonic motors |
US6392329B1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2002-05-21 | Face International Corp. | Piezoelectric vibrating apparatus |
US6433465B1 (en) * | 2000-05-02 | 2002-08-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Energy-harvesting device using electrostrictive polymers |
US6630894B1 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2003-10-07 | Face International Corp. | Self-powered switching device |
US6407484B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-06-18 | Rockwell Technologies Inc | Piezoelectric energy harvester and method |
US7095529B2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2006-08-22 | Xerox Corporation | Color management system |
US6861765B2 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2005-03-01 | Denso Corporation | Generator system for use in automotive vehicle |
US6994762B2 (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2006-02-07 | The Boeing Company | Single crystal piezo (SCP) apparatus and method of forming same |
US7161276B2 (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2007-01-09 | Face International Corp. | Self-powered, electronic keyed, multifunction switching system |
US7692366B2 (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2010-04-06 | Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. | Miniaturized piezoelectric based vibrational energy harvester |
US7436104B2 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-10-14 | The Boeing Company | Non-linear piezoelectric mechanical-to-electrical generator system and method |
US7439657B2 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-10-21 | The Boeing Company | Broadband energy harvester apparatus and method |
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8076825B1 (en) * | 2007-07-12 | 2011-12-13 | Louisiana Tech University Foundation, Inc. | Electret film generator |
US8907505B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2014-12-09 | Energy Harvesters Llc | Method and apparatus for generating electrical energy |
US9303628B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2016-04-05 | Grumer Lawrence C | Method and apparatus for generating electrical energy |
US20130104425A1 (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-02 | Anvit Kalra-Lall | Power generating article of apparel |
US9095184B2 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2015-08-04 | Shen-Ko Tseng | Step-counting shoe |
US20130247424A1 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-26 | Shen-Ko Tseng | Step-counting shoe |
US20140137441A1 (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-05-22 | Jessica Gudgel | Strikeplate and match association component |
US20160049108A1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2016-02-18 | Sony Corporation | Image display apparatus, image display method, storage medium, and monitoring system |
US9870726B2 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2018-01-16 | Sony Corporation | Image display apparatus, image display method, storage medium, and monitoring system |
US20150042101A1 (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2015-02-12 | Queenie Zhu Luo | Method and system for charging a battery in footwear while a person walks or runs and in crutches or a wheelchair while a handicapped person moves |
CN105099264A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2015-11-25 | 闫世伟 | Piezoelectric generating device and application thereof |
JP2016125290A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-07-11 | タキロン株式会社 | Power generating floor material |
CN104544698A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江大学 | Piezoelectric self-power-supply positioning shoe |
CN104799482A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-07-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Multifunctional shoe based on gravity power generation |
US20190183206A1 (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2019-06-20 | Futurific, Inc. | Energy-Saving Wearable Piezoelectric Transportation Device |
CN105065215A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-18 | 李政江 | Environment-friendly electric generator |
CN105167308A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-23 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Shoes capable of collecting energy |
JP2017159024A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-09-14 | アディダス アーゲー | Energy harvesting sole |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7902727B1 (en) | 2011-03-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7902727B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for generating electricity using piezoelectric material | |
US20090293311A1 (en) | Resilient Sole | |
Motha et al. | Instrumented rubber insole for plantar pressure sensing | |
US20050022424A1 (en) | Shoes - a new design | |
US20150018721A1 (en) | Pressure monitoring shoe | |
WO2012011974A1 (en) | Shoe | |
EP3235428A1 (en) | Flexible pressure mapping device and system for monitoring pressure | |
KR101514680B1 (en) | Mesopodium and Of metatarsal and to distribute the pressure of Midsole and Shoes this fulfill | |
CN205493850U (en) | Developments plantar pressure sensing device based on piezoelectric membrane | |
WO2010022532A3 (en) | Sole for an item of footwear | |
WO2011020246A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for generating electricity using piezoelectric material | |
CN204132549U (en) | A kind of assistant damping shoe sole | |
US20230155523A1 (en) | Piezo-Elements for Wearable Devices | |
CN102907823A (en) | High-elasticity soles | |
JP2013233269A (en) | Show with displacement measuring function | |
JP2017006293A (en) | Sole structure for footwear | |
JP6547293B2 (en) | Sensor for measuring walking and footwear | |
CN202653291U (en) | Airbag type shoe capable of buffering plantar pressure | |
US20230200487A1 (en) | Shoe sole construction with wave cushion | |
CN204015285U (en) | A kind of bradyseism sole for flattie | |
CN210841759U (en) | Deodorizing health-care shoe pad | |
KR200183136Y1 (en) | The air cushion for shoe-cushion | |
CN218832117U (en) | Foot arch structure of insole | |
CN202819842U (en) | Sole with interlayer structure | |
TWI721226B (en) | Shoe and shoe composite structure manufacturing method |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HONG KONG APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SHAM, MAN-LUNG;GAO, ZIYANG;LUI, TUNG CHING;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:023203/0044 Effective date: 20090814 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
MAFP | Maintenance fee payment |
Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 8TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1552) Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: MAINTENANCE FEE REMINDER MAILED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: REM.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED FOR FAILURE TO PAY MAINTENANCE FEES (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: EXP.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |
|
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 20230308 |