US20110165548A1 - Anatomical model - Google Patents
Anatomical model Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20110165548A1 US20110165548A1 US12/928,936 US92893610A US2011165548A1 US 20110165548 A1 US20110165548 A1 US 20110165548A1 US 92893610 A US92893610 A US 92893610A US 2011165548 A1 US2011165548 A1 US 2011165548A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lumen
- anatomical model
- inner lumen
- fluid
- model according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003484 anatomy Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003708 urethra Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/285—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine for injections, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, sigmoidscopy, insertion of contraceptive devices or enemas
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/30—Anatomical models
Definitions
- This invention relates to anatomical models in general, and more particularly to anatomical models of a mammalian tract for use in teaching endoscopic insertion techniques and therapeutic procedures to physicians and other medical personnel.
- mucous membranes line the passages by which internal organs communicate with the exterior environment.
- the two primary mammalian tracts i.e., the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts
- mucous membranes are lined with mucous membranes.
- These mucous membranes are generally soft and velvety, and very vascular, and their surfaces are coated over by their mucous secretion, which is typically of a viscous consistency.
- the mucous serves to protect tissue from foreign substances which may be introduced into the body.
- elastomeric materials tend to have a high coefficient of friction, which is the opposite of the slippery mucous-lined anatomy of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts.
- forming the anatomical model out of an elastomer makes it difficult to pass the instrumentation (e.g., an endoscope) through the anatomical model in a natural manner.
- One solution to this problem is to add a lubricant to the anatomical model and/or the instrumentation.
- this approach is not completely satisfactory, since the lubricant can dry out, even in a relatively short time period, which can then make it even more difficult to pass instrumentation through the model.
- Prior art anatomical models fail to realistically incorporate the external compression (e.g., abdominal pressure from adjacent organs) which acts on the gastrointestinal and/or genitourinary tract.
- abdominal pressure e.g., abdominal pressure from adjacent organs
- the bowel and the urethra are both tubular organs which typically lay in a flat condition when these organs are not distended.
- Prior art anatomical models are generally constructed with self-supporting walls which do not simulate the lay-flat anatomy which is being compressed by abdominal pressure from adjacent organs.
- an object of the present invention to provide an accurate and realistic anatomical model which can be used by physicians and other medical personnel to learn endoscopic insertion techniques and therapeutic procedures.
- an anatomical model comprising an inner lumen and an outer lumen, wherein the inner lumen is disposed inside of the outer lumen so as to create a space therebetween, and further wherein a fluid is disposed within the space, interior to the outer lumen and exterior to the inner lumen, whereby the inner lumen can accurately simulate the mucous membrane lining a mammalian tract (e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract).
- a mammalian tract e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract
- an anatomical model comprising:
- a fluid is disposed within the space, interior to the outer lumen and exterior to the inner lumen, whereby the inner lumen can accurately simulate the mucous membrane lining a mammalian tract.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention generally comprises an anatomical model comprising an inner lumen and an outer lumen, wherein the inner lumen is disposed inside of the outer lumen so as to create a space therebetween, and further wherein a fluid is disposed within the space, interior to the outer lumen and exterior to the inner lumen, whereby the inner lumen can accurately simulate the mucous membrane lining a mammalian tract (e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract).
- a mammalian tract e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract
- an anatomical model 5 which comprises two lumens, an inner lumen 10 and an outer lumen 15 , wherein inner lumen 10 is disposed inside of outer lumen 15 .
- Inner lumen 10 generally comprises an interior surface 20 and an exterior surface 25 .
- Outer lumen 15 generally comprises an interior surface 30 and an exterior surface 35 .
- a space 40 is formed in between exterior surface 25 of inner lumen 10 and interior surface 30 of outer lumen 15 .
- Inner and outer lumens 10 , 15 are sized so as to approximate different anatomical locations or pathology.
- space 40 is filled with a fluid.
- This fluid creates a radially compressive force on exterior surface 25 of inner lumen 10 which simulates the forces acting on the mammalian tract within the body (e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract within the abdomen).
- inner lumen 10 and outer lumen 15 are sealed so as to prevent fluid communication between the inner and outer lumens.
- Inner lumen 10 and outer lumen 15 are formed out of one or more materials which have physical characteristics which, when combined with the effect of a fluid filled space 40 , provide properties simulating those of real tissue. These materials may have inherently low surface friction so as to approximate the coefficient of friction of natural mucosal tissue, or the materials may incorporate a lubricant so as to simulate the low friction of natural mucosal tissue.
- the material of inner lumen 10 may comprise polyethylene
- the material of outer lumen 15 may also comprise polyethylene.
- inner lumen 10 and/or outer lumen 15 may be constructed from a clear material so as to provide for external visualization.
- space 40 is filled with a fluid in order to simulate the actual force on a mammalian tract (e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract). More particularly, this fluid is selected, and pressurized, so as to provide the desired compressive force on exterior surface 25 of inner lumen 10 .
- this fluid may be a gas pressurized to a desired level.
- the fluid may be a liquid chosen from a wide range of weights or viscosities so as to affect the feel of the simulator.
- the liquid may be water.
- outer lumen 15 may comprise a vessel which holds inner lumen 10 .
- mechanical support may be used to create a 2- or 3-dimensional shape to simulate a human or animal model.
- inner lumen 10 and outer lumen 15 may comprise “lay-flat” tubing so that anatomical model 5 comprises a long “poly-bag”.
- the structure shown in FIG. 1 is provided with the fluid positioned in space 40 so as to provide the desired anatomical characteristics for anatomical model 5 .
- instrumentation e.g., an endoscope
- inner and outer lumens 10 , 15 with the fluid-filled space 40 therebetween, model the natural tissue in a more realistic manner than the prior art.
- a lubricant may be added to aid in the insertion of the instrumentation into inner lumen 10 .
- the lubricant may comprise a mixture of water and liquid detergent.
- the present invention provides an anatomical model comprising an inner lumen and an outer lumen, wherein the inner lumen is disposed inside of the outer lumen so as to create a space therebetween, and further wherein a fluid is disposed within the space, interior to the outer lumen and exterior to the inner lumen, whereby the inner lumen can accurately simulate the mucous membrane lining a mammalian tract (e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract).
- a mammalian tract e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract
Abstract
An anatomical model comprising:
-
- an inner lumen; and
- an outer lumen, wherein the inner lumen is disposed inside of the outer lumen so as to create a space therebetween;
- and further wherein a fluid is disposed within the space, interior to the outer lumen and exterior to the inner lumen, whereby the inner lumen can accurately simulate the mucous membrane lining a mammalian tract.
Description
- This patent application claims benefit of pending prior U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/801,719, filed May 19, 2006 by James Frassica et al. for ANATOMICAL MODEL (Attorney's Docket No. FA-74 PROV).
- The above-identified patent application is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
- This invention relates to anatomical models in general, and more particularly to anatomical models of a mammalian tract for use in teaching endoscopic insertion techniques and therapeutic procedures to physicians and other medical personnel.
- In most mammals, mucous membranes line the passages by which internal organs communicate with the exterior environment. By way of example but not limitation, the two primary mammalian tracts (i.e., the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts) are lined with mucous membranes. These mucous membranes are generally soft and velvety, and very vascular, and their surfaces are coated over by their mucous secretion, which is typically of a viscous consistency. The mucous serves to protect tissue from foreign substances which may be introduced into the body.
- In order to provide a training tool for physicians and other medical personnel who are learning endoscopic insertion techniques and therapeutic procedures, it has been found desirable to provide a clinically realistic anatomical model of the mucous membranes which line the two primary mammalian tracts, i.e., the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts.
- Many, if not most, of the prior art anatomical models of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts are singled-walled tubular models which are positioned on a base plate. These single-walled tubular models generally utilize elastomeric materials such as silicone or a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) to simulate the pliable, compliant nature of a gastrointestinal and/or genitourinary tract organ, e.g., the bowel, etc.
- However, there are many deficiencies associated with these prior art anatomical models.
- For example, elastomeric materials tend to have a high coefficient of friction, which is the opposite of the slippery mucous-lined anatomy of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. Thus, forming the anatomical model out of an elastomer makes it difficult to pass the instrumentation (e.g., an endoscope) through the anatomical model in a natural manner. One solution to this problem is to add a lubricant to the anatomical model and/or the instrumentation. However, this approach is not completely satisfactory, since the lubricant can dry out, even in a relatively short time period, which can then make it even more difficult to pass instrumentation through the model.
- Another significant deficiency of prior art anatomical models is that these models fail to realistically incorporate the external compression (e.g., abdominal pressure from adjacent organs) which acts on the gastrointestinal and/or genitourinary tract. For example, the bowel and the urethra are both tubular organs which typically lay in a flat condition when these organs are not distended. Prior art anatomical models are generally constructed with self-supporting walls which do not simulate the lay-flat anatomy which is being compressed by abdominal pressure from adjacent organs.
- For these reasons, and others, there is presently a need for a more realistic and accurate anatomical model which can be used as a training tool for physicians and other medical personnel to learn endoscopic insertion techniques and therapeutic procedures.
- It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide an accurate and realistic anatomical model which can be used by physicians and other medical personnel to learn endoscopic insertion techniques and therapeutic procedures.
- This and other objects are addressed by the provision and use of the present invention, which generally comprises an anatomical model comprising an inner lumen and an outer lumen, wherein the inner lumen is disposed inside of the outer lumen so as to create a space therebetween, and further wherein a fluid is disposed within the space, interior to the outer lumen and exterior to the inner lumen, whereby the inner lumen can accurately simulate the mucous membrane lining a mammalian tract (e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract).
- In one preferred form of the invention, there is provided an anatomical model comprising:
- an inner lumen; and
- an outer lumen, wherein the inner lumen is disposed inside of the outer lumen so as to create a space therebetween;
- and further wherein a fluid is disposed within the space, interior to the outer lumen and exterior to the inner lumen, whereby the inner lumen can accurately simulate the mucous membrane lining a mammalian tract.
- These and other objects and features of the present invention will be more fully disclosed or rendered obvious by the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, which are to be considered together with the accompanying drawing wherein like numbers refer to like elements and further wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention. - The present invention generally comprises an anatomical model comprising an inner lumen and an outer lumen, wherein the inner lumen is disposed inside of the outer lumen so as to create a space therebetween, and further wherein a fluid is disposed within the space, interior to the outer lumen and exterior to the inner lumen, whereby the inner lumen can accurately simulate the mucous membrane lining a mammalian tract (e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract).
- More particularly, and looking now at
FIG. 1 , there is shown ananatomical model 5 which comprises two lumens, aninner lumen 10 and anouter lumen 15, whereininner lumen 10 is disposed inside ofouter lumen 15.Inner lumen 10 generally comprises aninterior surface 20 and anexterior surface 25.Outer lumen 15 generally comprises aninterior surface 30 and anexterior surface 35. On account of the foregoing construction, aspace 40 is formed in betweenexterior surface 25 ofinner lumen 10 andinterior surface 30 ofouter lumen 15. Inner andouter lumens - In order to simulate the actual force on a mammalian tract (e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract),
space 40 is filled with a fluid. This fluid creates a radially compressive force onexterior surface 25 ofinner lumen 10 which simulates the forces acting on the mammalian tract within the body (e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract within the abdomen). In this respect, it should be noted thatinner lumen 10 andouter lumen 15 are sealed so as to prevent fluid communication between the inner and outer lumens. -
Inner lumen 10 andouter lumen 15 are formed out of one or more materials which have physical characteristics which, when combined with the effect of a fluid filledspace 40, provide properties simulating those of real tissue. These materials may have inherently low surface friction so as to approximate the coefficient of friction of natural mucosal tissue, or the materials may incorporate a lubricant so as to simulate the low friction of natural mucosal tissue. By way of example but not limitation, the material ofinner lumen 10 may comprise polyethylene, and the material ofouter lumen 15 may also comprise polyethylene. - In one preferred embodiment of the present invention,
inner lumen 10 and/orouter lumen 15 may be constructed from a clear material so as to provide for external visualization. - As noted above,
space 40 is filled with a fluid in order to simulate the actual force on a mammalian tract (e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract). More particularly, this fluid is selected, and pressurized, so as to provide the desired compressive force onexterior surface 25 ofinner lumen 10. By way of example but not limitation, this fluid may be a gas pressurized to a desired level. By way of further example but not limitation, the fluid may be a liquid chosen from a wide range of weights or viscosities so as to affect the feel of the simulator. By way of further example but not limitation, wherespace 40 is filled with a gas, that gas may be nitrogen pressurized to a level of 50 mm Hg, and wherespace 40 is filled with a liquid, the liquid may be water. - In one preferred embodiment of the present invention,
outer lumen 15 may comprise a vessel which holdsinner lumen 10. - And in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, mechanical support may be used to create a 2- or 3-dimensional shape to simulate a human or animal model.
- And in another preferred embodiment of the present invention,
inner lumen 10 andouter lumen 15 may comprise “lay-flat” tubing so thatanatomical model 5 comprises a long “poly-bag”. - In use, the structure shown in
FIG. 1 is provided with the fluid positioned inspace 40 so as to provide the desired anatomical characteristics foranatomical model 5. Then instrumentation (e.g., an endoscope) is inserted intoinner lumen 10. As this occurs, inner andouter lumens space 40 therebetween, model the natural tissue in a more realistic manner than the prior art. - In one preferred embodiment, a lubricant may be added to aid in the insertion of the instrumentation into
inner lumen 10. By way of example but not limitation, the lubricant may comprise a mixture of water and liquid detergent. - Thus, the present invention provides an anatomical model comprising an inner lumen and an outer lumen, wherein the inner lumen is disposed inside of the outer lumen so as to create a space therebetween, and further wherein a fluid is disposed within the space, interior to the outer lumen and exterior to the inner lumen, whereby the inner lumen can accurately simulate the mucous membrane lining a mammalian tract (e.g., the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract).
- While the present invention has been described in terms of certain exemplary preferred embodiments, it will be readily understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art that it is not so limited, and that many additions, deletions and modifications may be made to the preferred embodiments discussed herein without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An anatomical model comprising:
an inner lumen; and
an outer lumen, wherein the inner lumen is disposed inside of the outer lumen so as to create a space therebetween;
and further wherein a fluid is disposed within the space, interior to the outer lumen and exterior to the inner lumen, whereby the inner lumen can accurately simulate the mucous membrane lining a mammalian tract.
2. An anatomical model according to claim 1 wherein the inner lumen is formed out of polyethylene.
3. An anatomical model according to claim 1 wherein the outer lumen is formed out of polyethylene.
4. An anatomical model according to claim 1 wherein the fluid is a liquid.
5. An anatomical model according to claim 4 wherein the liquid is water.
6. An anatomical model according to claim 1 wherein the fluid is a gas.
7. An anatomical model according to claim 6 wherein the fluid is a pressurized gas.
8. An anatomical model according to claim 6 wherein the gas is nitrogen.
9. An anatomical model according to claim 1 wherein the mammalian tract is the human gastrointestinal tract.
10. An anatomical model according to claim 1 wherein the mammalian tract is the human genitourinary tract.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/928,936 US20110165548A1 (en) | 2006-05-19 | 2010-12-21 | Anatomical model |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US80171906P | 2006-05-19 | 2006-05-19 | |
US11/804,873 US7854612B2 (en) | 2006-05-19 | 2007-05-21 | Anatomical model |
US12/928,936 US20110165548A1 (en) | 2006-05-19 | 2010-12-21 | Anatomical model |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/804,873 Continuation US7854612B2 (en) | 2006-05-19 | 2007-05-21 | Anatomical model |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20110165548A1 true US20110165548A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
Family
ID=39303447
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/804,873 Expired - Fee Related US7854612B2 (en) | 2006-05-19 | 2007-05-21 | Anatomical model |
US12/928,936 Abandoned US20110165548A1 (en) | 2006-05-19 | 2010-12-21 | Anatomical model |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/804,873 Expired - Fee Related US7854612B2 (en) | 2006-05-19 | 2007-05-21 | Anatomical model |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7854612B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120148994A1 (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-06-14 | Sini Inc. | Human body partial manikin |
Families Citing this family (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012044753A2 (en) | 2010-10-01 | 2012-04-05 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Portable laparoscopic trainer |
JP5730121B2 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2015-06-03 | 株式会社 タナック | Tubular simulated human body parts |
CA3146636A1 (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2013-04-25 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Simulated tissue structure for surgical training |
CA2859967A1 (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-27 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Advanced surgical simulation |
JP2015525904A (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2015-09-07 | アプライド メディカル リソーシーズ コーポレイション | Simulated stapling and energy-based ligation for surgical training |
US10535281B2 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2020-01-14 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Surgical training model for laparoscopic procedures |
CA2885302C (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2022-08-02 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Surgical training model for laparoscopic procedures |
US10679520B2 (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2020-06-09 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Surgical training model for laparoscopic procedures |
WO2014052478A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-03 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Surgical training model for laparoscopic procedures |
US9898937B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2018-02-20 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Surgical training model for laparoscopic procedures |
ES2720490T3 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2019-07-22 | Applied Med Resources | Surgical training model for transluminal laparoscopic procedures |
EP2962291A1 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2016-01-06 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Advanced surgical simulation constructions and methods |
US9449532B2 (en) | 2013-05-15 | 2016-09-20 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Hernia model |
CA2914952C (en) | 2013-06-18 | 2022-07-26 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Gallbladder model |
US10198966B2 (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2019-02-05 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Advanced first entry model for surgical simulation |
US9548002B2 (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2017-01-17 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | First entry model |
EP3123460B1 (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2021-08-25 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Simulated dissectible tissue |
KR20230175324A (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2023-12-29 | 어플라이드 메디컬 리소시스 코포레이션 | Simulated tissue models and methods |
KR102542516B1 (en) | 2015-02-19 | 2023-06-13 | 어플라이드 메디컬 리소시스 코포레이션 | Simulated tissue structures and methods |
EP3476343B1 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2022-12-07 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Synthetic tissue structures for electrosurgical training and simulation |
KR20180016553A (en) | 2015-06-09 | 2018-02-14 | 어플라이드 메디컬 리소시스 코포레이션 | Hysterectomy model |
EP3323122B1 (en) | 2015-07-16 | 2020-09-02 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Simulated dissectable tissue |
US10490105B2 (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2019-11-26 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Appendectomy model |
CA3025540A1 (en) | 2015-10-02 | 2017-04-06 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Hysterectomy model |
JP6886975B2 (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2021-06-16 | アプライド メディカル リソーシーズ コーポレイション | Simulated incisable tissue |
WO2018005301A1 (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2018-01-04 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Simulated abdominal wall |
AU2018220845B2 (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2023-11-23 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Laparoscopic training system |
US10847057B2 (en) | 2017-02-23 | 2020-11-24 | Applied Medical Resources Corporation | Synthetic tissue structures for electrosurgical training and simulation |
Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5320537A (en) * | 1993-03-16 | 1994-06-14 | Triangle Research And Development Corporation | Microsurgical training apparatus |
US6062866A (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 2000-05-16 | Prom; James M. | Medical angioplasty model |
US20010019818A1 (en) * | 1999-03-02 | 2001-09-06 | Peter Yong | Method of endoscopic cardiac surgery training |
US6511325B1 (en) * | 1998-05-04 | 2003-01-28 | Advanced Research & Technology Institute | Aortic stent-graft calibration and training model |
US6543657B2 (en) * | 2001-03-20 | 2003-04-08 | Hong Kong Polytechnic University | Thermal manikin |
US6773263B2 (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2004-08-10 | Robert J. Nicholls | Medical simulator |
US20050074732A1 (en) * | 2003-10-02 | 2005-04-07 | Morris Gary Jay | Blood pressure simulation apparatus with tactile interface |
US6997719B2 (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2006-02-14 | Ethicon, Inc. | Training model for endoscopic vessel harvesting |
US7008232B2 (en) * | 2001-09-29 | 2006-03-07 | Friedhelm Brassel | Method for producing a modeling system for vessel deformations |
US7059168B2 (en) * | 2002-10-01 | 2006-06-13 | Olympus Corporation | Ultrasound phantom |
US20070020598A1 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2007-01-25 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Manikin and method of manufacturing the same |
US20080076101A1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2008-03-27 | Abbott Laboratories | Forming vascular diseases within anatomical models |
US20080187895A1 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2008-08-07 | Christopher Sakezles | Models And Methods Of Using Same For Testing Medical Devices |
-
2007
- 2007-05-21 US US11/804,873 patent/US7854612B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-12-21 US US12/928,936 patent/US20110165548A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5320537A (en) * | 1993-03-16 | 1994-06-14 | Triangle Research And Development Corporation | Microsurgical training apparatus |
US6062866A (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 2000-05-16 | Prom; James M. | Medical angioplasty model |
US6511325B1 (en) * | 1998-05-04 | 2003-01-28 | Advanced Research & Technology Institute | Aortic stent-graft calibration and training model |
US20010019818A1 (en) * | 1999-03-02 | 2001-09-06 | Peter Yong | Method of endoscopic cardiac surgery training |
US6543657B2 (en) * | 2001-03-20 | 2003-04-08 | Hong Kong Polytechnic University | Thermal manikin |
US7008232B2 (en) * | 2001-09-29 | 2006-03-07 | Friedhelm Brassel | Method for producing a modeling system for vessel deformations |
US6773263B2 (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2004-08-10 | Robert J. Nicholls | Medical simulator |
US6997719B2 (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2006-02-14 | Ethicon, Inc. | Training model for endoscopic vessel harvesting |
US7059168B2 (en) * | 2002-10-01 | 2006-06-13 | Olympus Corporation | Ultrasound phantom |
US20070020598A1 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2007-01-25 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Manikin and method of manufacturing the same |
US20050074732A1 (en) * | 2003-10-02 | 2005-04-07 | Morris Gary Jay | Blood pressure simulation apparatus with tactile interface |
US20080187895A1 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2008-08-07 | Christopher Sakezles | Models And Methods Of Using Same For Testing Medical Devices |
US20080076101A1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2008-03-27 | Abbott Laboratories | Forming vascular diseases within anatomical models |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120148994A1 (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-06-14 | Sini Inc. | Human body partial manikin |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7854612B2 (en) | 2010-12-21 |
US20080090218A1 (en) | 2008-04-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7854612B2 (en) | Anatomical model | |
US8403676B2 (en) | Anatomical model | |
AU2020201099B2 (en) | Simulated dissectible tissue | |
CA2293585C (en) | Clinical and/or surgical training apparatus | |
US10937338B2 (en) | Surgical simulation models, materials, and methods | |
EP0870292B1 (en) | Anatomical simulator for videoendoscopic surgical training | |
CA2774995C (en) | Surgical training aids and methods of fabrication thereof | |
US20070003917A1 (en) | Medical training system for diagnostic examinations performed by palpation | |
US20090142739A1 (en) | Laparoscopic trainer and method of training | |
KR102490040B1 (en) | Advanced first entry model for surgical simulation | |
JP6522376B2 (en) | Heart massage exercise tool and heart massage practice method | |
Choi et al. | Soft urinary bladder phantom for endoscopic training | |
EP3642819A1 (en) | Obstetrical training simulator | |
EP3288009A1 (en) | Low-resistance anatomical tissue model | |
Malota et al. | Benchmarking for surgery simulators | |
CN209657630U (en) | A kind of intestines problem teaching mode | |
US20210074184A1 (en) | Retroperitoneal surgical simulation model | |
US20220406221A1 (en) | Medical Training Device and Method to Use it in Teaching Laparoscopic and Robotic Partial Nephrectomy | |
RU208258U1 (en) | UROLOGICAL SIMULATOR | |
Verstraeten et al. | Urinary bladder phantom mimicking mechanical properties and pressure during filling | |
CN210039355U (en) | Ultrasonic teaching simulation device for gallstone | |
Gorgy et al. | Physical Models for the Role of Pressure in Biology and Medicine | |
Subwongcharoen et al. | Evaluation of Hybrid-Training Box for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. | |
Donelan | Creative anatomy teaching | |
Gomes et al. | How Intra-Abdominal Pressure Increment Could Affect Cardiovascular Monitoring: A Simulation Assay |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |