US20130195687A1 - Hydraulic device including a face plate - Google Patents
Hydraulic device including a face plate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130195687A1 US20130195687A1 US13/877,938 US201113877938A US2013195687A1 US 20130195687 A1 US20130195687 A1 US 20130195687A1 US 201113877938 A US201113877938 A US 201113877938A US 2013195687 A1 US2013195687 A1 US 2013195687A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- face plate
- housing
- rotation
- hydraulic device
- centre line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
- F04B1/2078—Swash plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/26—Control
- F04B1/30—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks
- F04B1/306—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by turning the swash plate, e.g. with fixed inclination
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
- F04B1/2078—Swash plates
- F04B1/2085—Bearings for swash plates or driving axles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/22—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons
- F04B1/24—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons inclined to the main shaft axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/26—Control
- F04B1/30—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks
- F04B1/32—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
- F04B1/324—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block by changing the inclination of the swash plate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/26—Control
- F04B1/30—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks
- F04B1/32—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
- F04B1/328—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block by changing the inclination of the axis of the cylinder barrel relative to the swash plate
Definitions
- the invention is related to a device according to the preamble of claim 1 .
- Such devices are known as a pump or hydraulic motor in which rotation of the face plate is used to adjust the swept volume, or as a hydraulic transformer wherein rotation of the face plate is used for adjusting the hydraulic transformer.
- the disadvantage of the known devices is that inter alia upon application in the hydraulic transformer it is necessary to rotate the face plate about a wide angle, which causes problems in respect of the connection of the face plate ports to the pipe ports in the housing. Furthermore, high friction occurs upon rotating the face plate such that driving of the face plate must be sufficiently powerful and which makes accurate and/or quickly adjusting difficult.
- the hydraulic device is according to claim 1 .
- adjusting the face plate quickly and accurately is possible in a simple manner.
- An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to claim 2 .
- the relative movement between the pistons and cylinders and the face plate remains unchanged upon adjusting the face plate.
- An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to claim 3 .
- the face plate can be adjusted in a simple manner wherein the face plate port only has a small displacement with respect to the ports in the housing.
- An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to claim 4 . As a consequence, a little force is required to adjust the face plate.
- An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to claim 5 .
- the angle of stroke can be limited in a simple manner.
- An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to claim 6 .
- rotation of the face plate about the face plate centre line is limited in a simple manner.
- An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to claim 7 .
- An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to claim 8 .
- the location of the force at the face plate port between the face plate and the concave surface is determined accurately, such that accurate compensation of this force is possible.
- An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to claim 9 .
- the direction of the force exerted by the support cylinder onto the face plate is always perpendicular to the face plate centre line and directed to the same location on the face plate, independent from the rotational position of the face plate.
- An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to claim 10 .
- the face plate is balanced in relation to the forces that are caused by oil pressure such that the face plate can be moved easily.
- An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to claim 11 .
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show parts of a known hydraulic device.
- FIG. 3 shows a manner of adjusting a hydraulic device according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of the manner of adjustment as shown in FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the manner of adjustment as shown in FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the face plate of FIG. 5 .
- FIG. 7 shows schematically the forces on the face plate of FIG. 5 .
- FIG. 8 shows an arrangement of compensation cylinders in combination with the face plate of FIG. 5 .
- FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment of the manner of adjustment as shown in FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 10 shows a perspective exploded view of a face plate and a part of the housing according to the embodiment of FIG. 9 .
- FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the face plate according to FIG. 10 as seen from the opposite direction.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are parts that are mounted in a housing (not shown) of a hydraulic transformer.
- a hydraulic transformer is described, for example, in the publications of the patent applications WO 9731185 and WO 9940318, which content is assumed to be known.
- Rotor bearings 1 are mounted in a known manner.
- a rotor 14 including rotor holes 15 is mounted on the rotor shaft 2 .
- Bar-shaped parts are mounted in the rotor holes 15 and form pistons 12 at both sides of the rotor 14 .
- the pistons 12 are provided with piston rings 10 , wherein the outer surface of the piston rings 10 have a spherical shape and the centre of these spheres of all pistons lie within one plane at a side of the rotor 14 .
- the left side and the right side of the rotor 14 are symmetrical with respect to the centre of the rotor 14 .
- Each side of the rotor 14 cooperates with a drum plate 7 including drum bushes 11 which rotate about a drum plate centre line m 1 and drum plate centre line m 2 , wherein the rotor centre line l and drum plate centre line m 1 , and rotor centre line l and drum plate centre line m 2 , respectively, intersect each other by an angle of stroke ⁇ in a point of intersection M which lies in the plane extending perpendicular to the rotor centre line l and in which the centre points of the spherical outer surfaces of the piston rings 10 of the pistons 12 are located at that side.
- the angle of stroke ⁇ is about 8°.
- a centring surface 22 about which the drum plate 7 can swivel is formed on the rotor shaft 2 .
- the centring surface 22 is spherical and the intersection M forms the centre of the sphere.
- the rotation of the drum plate 7 is coupled to a rotation of the rotor shaft 2 by means of a key 16 which engages in a key path.
- the key 16 has a radius of curvature in the plane of the surface of the shaft which is smaller than the radius of the centring surface 22 , such that the key 16 does not clamp in the key path upon rotation of the drum plate 7 . Possibly more than one key 16 is present. It is also possible that the key 16 is mounted in the rotor shaft 2 and the key path is provided in the drum plate 7 .
- the drum plate 7 is provided with drum bushes 11 at the side which is directed to the pistons 12 , which drum bushes 11 are clamped against the drum plate 7 by a bush holder 18 .
- the drum bush 11 has a cylindrical wall 23 at its inner side.
- Each piston 12 is enveloped by a drum bush 11 wherein the piston ring 10 can move along the cylindrical wall 23 in a sealing manner.
- the piston 12 and the cylindrical bush 11 thus form a chamber 9 of which the volume changes upon rotation of the rotor shaft 2 .
- oil flows into and out of the chamber 9 via a drum bush opening 24 , a drum port 6 , wherein each chamber 9 has its own drum bush opening 24 and drum port 6 .
- the drum plate 7 including the drum ports 6 rotate along a face plate 4 which is at a stand still in the housing and the oil flows through the drum port 6 via one of the kidney-shaped face plate ports 3 to a pipe connection (not shown) in the housing.
- the face plate 4 has three kidney-shaped face plate ports 3 which together form a ring which is discontinuous between the different face plate ports 3 .
- each face plate 4 may have two or four face plate ports 3 .
- Each face plate port 3 has its own pipe connection wherein corresponding face plate ports 3 at both sides of the rotor 14 are connected to the same pipe connection, for example due to the fact that they are coupled to each other in the housing.
- the holder 18 is provided with openings which allow this sliding and serves to limit the gap between the drum plate 7 and drum bush 11 such that a pressure can arise in the chamber 9 upon starting.
- the face plate port 3 is a kidney-shaped opening in the face plate 4 which is supported by a surface of the housing. This surface does not extend perpendicular to the rotor centre line l but is angled to that rotor centre line and hence defines the direction of the drum plate centre line m 1 or m 2 and also the rotational position where the volume in the chamber 9 is minimal or maximal.
- the face plate 4 is rotatably mounted in the housing and rotatable about the drum plate centre line m 1 or m 2 .
- the face plate 4 is provided with a tooth profile 5 on a part of its circumference which tooth profile meshes with a gear wheel which is driven by a driving means.
- the volume of the upper chamber 9 is the smallest and the volume of the lower chamber 9 is the largest.
- the upper chamber 9 can be designated as the top dead centre BDP.
- each face plate port 3 communicates with a port in the housing which communicates with a pipe connection and upon rotating the face plate 4 about a too large angle a face plate port 3 would possibly communicate with a different pipe connection. As a consequence, not all of the setting possibilities of the hydraulic transformer are applied.
- FIG. 3 shows schematically a different method for changing the settings of the hydraulic transformer wherein a face plate 25 which is similar to the face plate 4 as described hereinbefore, is not rotated only in its own plane about the drum plate centre line m 1 , m 2 .
- the rotor centre line l intersects the drum plate centre line m 1 in M.
- the face plate 25 has a centre line which coincides with the drum plate centre line m 1 .
- the face plate 25 comprises two and in case of a hydraulic transformer three face plate openings and one thereof has a central face plate opening 26 and an axis of symmetry s, the face plate openings 26 are similar to the face plate ports 3 as described hereinbefore.
- the drum plate centre line m 1 and the axis of symmetry s intersect in a centre C.
- the rotor centre line l and the drum plate centre line m 1 lie in a plane that intersects the face plate 25 in a plane V.
- the plane V is angled with respect to the axis of symmetry s about a setting angle ⁇ .
- the setting angle ⁇ of the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is adjusted by rotating the face plate 4 or the corresponding face plate 25 about an axis of rotation Rev 1 , which coincides with the drum plate centre line m 1 .
- the face plate 25 is adjusted by rotating the face plate 25 about a second axis of rotation Rev 2 and a third axis of rotation Rev 3 , which axes of rotation extend perpendicular to the first axis of rotation Rev 1 .
- the face plate 25 is not rotated about the axis of rotation Rev ' , this rotation can be obstructed.
- the centre C of the face plate 25 follows a path p to a position C′ and the new position of the drum plate centre line m 1 is drawn as m 1 ′.
- the plane through the drum plate centre line m 1 ′ and the rotor shaft 1 intersects the adjusted face plate 25 ′ in a plane V′.
- the plane V′ is angled with respect to the axis of symmetry s by a setting angle ⁇ ′.
- the setting angle ⁇ has been changed due to the fact that the plane in which the rotor shaft 1 and the drum plate centre line m 1 lie, rotates with respect to the face plate 25 whereas the face plate 25 itself does not rotate about the drum centre line m 1 .
- the first axis of rotation Rev 1 , the second axis of rotation Rev 2 and the third axis of rotation Rev 3 intersect each other in the intersection M, in an alternative embodiment this may be at a different location such as the centre C. However, this will influence the relative movement of the pistons 12 with respect to the drum bush 11 .
- the rotation about the second axis of rotation Rev 2 and the third axis of rotation Rev 3 are limited and coupled such that the angle of stroke ⁇ has a constant or adjustable value.
- FIG. 3 illustrates on the face plate 25 that upon adjustment, the top dead centre BDP in the plane V in the new position BDP′ in the plane V′ has a different angle with respect to the face plate opening 26 .
- the top dead centre BDP remains at the same position with respect to the housing and the face plate 4 is turned with respect to the housing about the drum plate centre line m 1 .
- the face plate 25 is turned to a new tilting position such that the BDP displaces with respect to the housing.
- the adjustment according to FIG. 3 does not mean that only the face plate 25 is tilted, but that the drum plate 7 moves together with it. In fact the adjustment according to FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows the hydraulic device as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 including a face plate 29 which is adjusted in the manner as described in FIG. 3 .
- the face plate 29 has an opening through which the rotor shaft extends and the rotor bearing 1 is located at the side of the face plate 29 which is facing away from the drum plate 6 .
- the device which adjusts the face plate 29 is not shown.
- the face plate 29 is rotatably mounted in a cardan ring 27 and is rotatable about a first cardan shaft 31 .
- a second bearing and a second cardan shaft (not shown) are located between the cardan ring 27 and the housing.
- the first cardan shaft 31 and the second cardan shaft intersect the rotor shaft 1 in the intersection M.
- the face plate 29 has face plate ports 3 which communicate with the pipe connections in the housing through connecting ports 28 .
- the face plate ports 3 are similar to the face plate openings 26 as shown in FIG. 3 .
- a flexible connection is present between the housing and face plate 29 , e.g. a flexible line or a tube.
- the cardan ring 27 is formed with cylindrical bearings, but other bearings are also possible, for example because of the occurrence of a small rotation cross spring pivots or knife bearings can be applied.
- an edge for limiting the tilting angle of the face plate 25 is present in the housing. This edge may form a flat plane and in that case the angle of stroke ⁇ is constant at each setting angle ⁇ . In an alternative embodiment the edge is corrugated such that the angle of stroke ⁇ is dependent on the setting angle ⁇ .
- FIG. 5 shows a hydraulic device as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 including a face plate 34 which is adjusted in the manner as described in FIG. 3 .
- the face plate 29 has an opening through which the rotor shaft 2 extends and the rotor bearing 1 is located at the side of the face plate 29 which is facing away from the drum plate 6 .
- the device through which the face plate 34 can be adjusted is not shown.
- the side of the face plate 34 which faces away from the pistons 12 is provided with a spherical surface having a radius, which spherical surface forms a ball pivot 32 including a concave surface having the same radius in the housing (not shown).
- the centre of the concave surface in the housing is located on the rotor axis 1 in the intersection M and the centre of the ball is located on the drum plate centre line m 1 .
- the intersection M forms the centre of the ball pivot 32 and the face plate 34 could rotate about this point in three directions.
- the face plate 34 is provided with teeth 35 which mesh with teeth 37 in the housing (see FIG. 6 ). Possibly the teeth 37 are in the plane that extends perpendicular to the axis of rotation 1 through the centre point M. In that case the teeth 35 and 37 have the same number of teeth.
- a pin in the ball pivot on the spherical surface of the face plate 34 a pin is provided and in the opposite concave surface of the housing a slit is provided in a plane through the rotor centre line l.
- the pin limits one of the three possible rotations of the face plate 34 whereas the pin in the split can move and a rotation about the axis of the pin in the slit is possible such that the face plate 34 can rotate about two remaining axes of rotation.
- the face plate ports 3 communicate with openings in the housing via connection openings 33 .
- FIG. 6 shows the face plate 34 in a perspective view wherein the face plate 34 is supported by an edge of the housing including teeth 37 which mesh with teeth 35 of the face plate 34 .
- the face plate 34 is drawn in three positions, the first position is indicated by continuous lines and shows the position in which the face plate 34 is supported by the housing 36 in location A. In location A the teeth 35 and 37 contact each other and the top dead centre BDP is located at location A.
- the second position is indicated by dash-dotted lines wherein the face plate 34 is supported by the housing 36 in location B.
- the top dead centre BDP is then located at location B.
- the third position is indicated by broken lines wherein the face plate 34 is supported by the housing 36 in location C.
- connection openings 33 have only small displacements with respect to the housing, such that the ports in the housing (not shown) can be small whereas the setting angle ⁇ is large.
- a circular edge of the face plate 34 is rolled on a circular edge of the housing and this edge limits the angle of stroke ⁇ .
- the oil pressure is the same for each face plate port 3 , and this oil pressure will be different for the different face plate ports 3 .
- the oil pressure exerts a port force 38 on the face plate 34 which is directed to the intersection M, see FIG. 7 .
- the oil pressure exerts a port force 41 in the direction of the drum plate centre line m 1 .
- the port force 38 and the port force 41 are proportional to the hydraulic pressure and proportional to the surface of the corresponding port.
- the value of these port forces 38 , 41 are selected by dimensioning the surface of the connection port 33 carefully such that a port force component 39 of the port force 38 in the direction of the drum plate centre line m 1 is the same as and directed opposite to the port force 41 .
- a piston 44 is mounted to the face plate 44 having a centre line in the direction of the port force component 40 .
- the piston 44 can move within a bush 43 which is supported by a surface 45 in the housing.
- the chamber between the piston 44 and the bush 44 communicates with the face plate port 3 such that a force 42 on the piston is proportional to the oil pressure in the face plate port 3 and the dimensions are such that the force 42 equals the port force component 40 .
- two pistons 44 are provided in the face plate 34 , such as in case the face plate 34 includes an opening for a shaft, see FIG. 8 .
- the centre lines of the two cooperating pistons 44 are parallel, but it is also possible that the centre lines are directed radially.
- the adjustment device of the face plates 25 , 34 of FIGS. 4 , 5 may comprise two hydraulic cylinders which are located diagonally with respect to the rotor shaft 1 , which cylinders are controllable like adjustment devices or actuators, and which exert a force on the face plate 24 , 34 in a direction of the rotor shaft 1 or parallel thereto. As a consequence the face plate can be adjusted to the desired tilting position.
- FIGS. 9-11 show an illustration of a second embodiment of a face plate which is supported by a ball pivot, wherein hydraulic support cylinders are present for compensating hydrostatic pressure between the face plate 50 and the drum plate 7 at the face plate port 3 and between the face plate 50 and a cover 51 of the housing at the connection opening 33 .
- a rotor shaft 46 A, 46 B includes two rotor flanges in which pistons 12 (not shown) having centre lines 49 are mounted.
- Bearings 47 are mounted between the rotor shaft 46 A, 46 B which is made of two parts, such that a face plate 50 is not provided as a ring but without central opening. This means that the face plate 50 is more rigid and deforms less under load.
- the bearings 47 are mounted in a central housing 48 and the covers 51 are mounted at the ends of the central housing 48 .
- the inner side of the cover 51 forms a concave surface 53 along which the face plate 50 can move in the way as described in relation to FIG. 5 .
- a drum plate and the pistons and drum bushes (not shown) are mounted in the way as described hereinbefore and/or mounted in a known manner.
- the port force 41 arises, which force is compensated by the port force 38 at the connection opening 33 .
- a sealing ridge 62 is provided around the connection opening 33 . This sealing ridge 62 also serves to create a sealing about the connection opening 33 and the corresponding opening in the cover 51 which communicates with the connection opening 33 and the line connection (not shown).
- FIG. 9 shows schematically a piston 58 including a bush 56 which is supported by a supporting plate 54 .
- the support cylinder force 42 which exerts a force on the piston 58 is aligned with and directed opposite to the port force 40 , which is the component of the port force 38 which extends perpendicular to the centre line m 1 , m 2 of the face plate 50 .
- the piston 58 is sealed in the bush 56 by a spherical surface and the bush 56 is supported in a sealing manner by a cylindrical support surface 52 , and the bush 56 has an opening 55 through which the contact between the bush 56 is lubricated by oil and the bush 56 can slide along the support surface 52 .
- the support surface 52 is part of the support plate 54 which is disposed in the cover 51 .
- the support surface 52 is cylindrical and has a radius 60 having a centre line which intersects the rotor centre line l in l c .
- a portion of the bush 56 which is supported by the support surface 52 has a radius which corresponds with the radius 60 .
- the face plate port 3 communicates with the connection opening 33 via a channel 63 .
- the channel 63 communicates with a chamber 57 via a channel 61 and a channel 59 through the piston 58 , such that the port force 41 , the port force 38 and the support cylinder force 42 , which are generated by the same hydraulic pressure, are directed through a common intersection and hence neutralize each other.
- FIG. 10 shows a portion of the cover 51 including the concave inner surface 53 in which the spherical side of the face plate 50 is supported.
- the inner surface 53 is provided with openings (not shown) which are located at the connection opening 33 in order to release oil through channels in the cover 51 to the line connection.
- Three pistons 58 are mounted to the face plate 50 , which is shown in a position above its mounted position for clarity reasons, which pistons are placed diametrically opposite to a face plate port 3 .
- the pistons 58 including the bushes 56 which are mounted thereon extend through the openings in the concave inner surface 53 and the support plates 54 which are shown separately are mounted to the cover 51 such that each of the bushes 56 is supported by a cylindrical support surface 52 .
- FIGS. 10 and 11 show that each of the three face plate ports 3 are provided with three channels 63 .
- the three channels 63 communicate with the connection port 33 located at the opposite side of the face plate 50 through inner channels in the face plate 50 .
- the channels 63 are separated bij ridges 64 which connect the outer ring of the face plate with the centre portion such that deformation under influence of hydraulic pressure in the channels 63 is prevented or limited.
- the ridges 64 extend up to a small distance below the flat upper surface of the face plate 50 such that anywhere in the face plate port 3 the same pressure may be present.
- the ridges 64 are provided such that the largest dimension of the channels 63 is smaller than three times the width of the face plate port 3 .
- the sealing surface of the face plate 50 against the drum plate 4 and the sealing ridges 62 keep their shape better and leakage is prevented or limited. Additionally at the spherical side of the face plate 50 the ridges 64 extend up to a small distance below the spherical surface of the sealing ridges 62 such that in the connection port 33 from all channels 63 oil can flow to the opening in the concave inner surface 62 without obstruction.
- a pin which is mounted to the face plate 50 and moves within a slit, wherein the face plate 50 can rotate about the rotation shaft of the pin, can serve to limit the rotation of the face plate 50 in one axis of rotation.
- the exact position of the face plate in respect of the angle of stroke ⁇ and setting angle ⁇ can be set by means of two actuators. It is possible for example to guide one of the pistons 58 in a slit 65 in the concave inner surface 53 of the face plate 50 . Possibly the slit 65 can be oval and in that case the rotation is limited by guiding two pistons 58 within a slit 65 . If the slit 65 lies in a plane in which the rotor shaft 1 lies, the face plate 50 will not rotate about the rotor shaft 1 .
- the embodiments as described hereinbefore describe the adjustment of the face plate of a hydraulic transformer.
- the face plate of a pump of a hydraulic motor can be adjusted in a comparable manner, such that this obtains an adjustable swept volume in a simple way.
- the invention is described by means of a hydraulic device wherein the pistons move within bushes which are supported by a drum plate and wherein the drum plate rotates along the face plate. It may be clear that the invention can also be applied in hydraulic devices which do not have separate bushes but wherein a rotor in which pistons move rotates against the face plate or wherein the chambers that have varying volumes are formed with other components in another way.
Abstract
The invention is related to a hydraulic device comprising a housing including pipe ports, a rotor (14) having rotor chambers (9) which are formed by a cylinder (11) and a piston (12) which rotate about a first axis of rotation (m1) and a second axis of rotation (m2). Both axes of rotation extend within a common plane and intersect each other. A face plate (4) including a face plate centre line which coincides with the second axis of rotation (ml) has two or more face plate ports (3) which are each communicating with a pipe port for communicating the pipe port with the rotor chambers (9). An adjustment device adjusts the mutual positions of the face plate (4) and the common plane. Corresponding to the invention a face plate bearing (30, 32) between the face plate (4) and the housing has at least two axes of rotation which intersect the face plate centre line preferably perpendicularly and upon rotating the face plate (4) the common plane rotates with respect to the housing.
Description
- The invention is related to a device according to the preamble of claim 1. Such devices are known as a pump or hydraulic motor in which rotation of the face plate is used to adjust the swept volume, or as a hydraulic transformer wherein rotation of the face plate is used for adjusting the hydraulic transformer.
- The disadvantage of the known devices is that inter alia upon application in the hydraulic transformer it is necessary to rotate the face plate about a wide angle, which causes problems in respect of the connection of the face plate ports to the pipe ports in the housing. Furthermore, high friction occurs upon rotating the face plate such that driving of the face plate must be sufficiently powerful and which makes accurate and/or quickly adjusting difficult.
- In order to avoid this disadvantage the hydraulic device is according to claim 1. As a consequence, adjusting the face plate quickly and accurately is possible in a simple manner.
- An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to
claim 2. As a consequence, the relative movement between the pistons and cylinders and the face plate remains unchanged upon adjusting the face plate. - An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to
claim 3. As a consequence, the face plate can be adjusted in a simple manner wherein the face plate port only has a small displacement with respect to the ports in the housing. - An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to
claim 4. As a consequence, a little force is required to adjust the face plate. - An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to
claim 5. As a consequence, the angle of stroke can be limited in a simple manner. - An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to
claim 6. As a consequence, rotation of the face plate about the face plate centre line is limited in a simple manner. - An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to
claim 7. As a consequence, a force which has risen between the spherical surface of the face plate and the concave surface of the housing and which is directed perpendicular to the face plate centre line, is compensated and reduces friction in the ball bearing. - An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to
claim 8. As a consequence, the location of the force at the face plate port between the face plate and the concave surface is determined accurately, such that accurate compensation of this force is possible. - An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to
claim 9. As a consequence, the direction of the force exerted by the support cylinder onto the face plate is always perpendicular to the face plate centre line and directed to the same location on the face plate, independent from the rotational position of the face plate. - An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to
claim 10. As a consequence, the face plate is balanced in relation to the forces that are caused by oil pressure such that the face plate can be moved easily. - An embodiment of the hydraulic device is according to
claim 11. As a consequence, deformations of the face plate caused by oil pressure in the channels through the face plate are avoided as much as possible, such that leakages along sealing surfaces will be minimized. - The invention will be elucidated hereinafter by means of some embodiments by means of a drawing. The drawing includes a number of figures, in which similar components in the different figures have the same reference signs.
-
FIGS. 1 and 2 show parts of a known hydraulic device. -
FIG. 3 shows a manner of adjusting a hydraulic device according to the invention. -
FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of the manner of adjustment as shown inFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the manner of adjustment as shown inFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the face plate ofFIG. 5 . -
FIG. 7 shows schematically the forces on the face plate ofFIG. 5 . -
FIG. 8 shows an arrangement of compensation cylinders in combination with the face plate ofFIG. 5 . -
FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment of the manner of adjustment as shown inFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 10 shows a perspective exploded view of a face plate and a part of the housing according to the embodiment ofFIG. 9 , and -
FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the face plate according toFIG. 10 as seen from the opposite direction. - The parts as shown in
FIGS. 1 and 2 are parts that are mounted in a housing (not shown) of a hydraulic transformer. Such a hydraulic transformer is described, for example, in the publications of the patent applications WO 9731185 and WO 9940318, which content is assumed to be known. Rotor bearings 1 are mounted in a known manner. In the housing in which arotor shaft 2 having a rotor centre line l can rotate, arotor 14 includingrotor holes 15 is mounted on therotor shaft 2. Bar-shaped parts are mounted in therotor holes 15 and formpistons 12 at both sides of therotor 14. Thepistons 12 are provided withpiston rings 10, wherein the outer surface of thepiston rings 10 have a spherical shape and the centre of these spheres of all pistons lie within one plane at a side of therotor 14. The left side and the right side of therotor 14 are symmetrical with respect to the centre of therotor 14. Each side of therotor 14 cooperates with adrum plate 7 includingdrum bushes 11 which rotate about a drum plate centre line m1 and drum plate centre line m2, wherein the rotor centre line l and drum plate centre line m1, and rotor centre line l and drum plate centre line m2, respectively, intersect each other by an angle of stroke α in a point of intersection M which lies in the plane extending perpendicular to the rotor centre line l and in which the centre points of the spherical outer surfaces of thepiston rings 10 of thepistons 12 are located at that side. In the embodiment as shown the angle of stroke α is about 8°. - A
centring surface 22 about which thedrum plate 7 can swivel is formed on therotor shaft 2. Thecentring surface 22 is spherical and the intersection M forms the centre of the sphere. The rotation of thedrum plate 7 is coupled to a rotation of therotor shaft 2 by means of akey 16 which engages in a key path. Thekey 16 has a radius of curvature in the plane of the surface of the shaft which is smaller than the radius of thecentring surface 22, such that thekey 16 does not clamp in the key path upon rotation of thedrum plate 7. Possibly more than onekey 16 is present. It is also possible that thekey 16 is mounted in therotor shaft 2 and the key path is provided in thedrum plate 7. - The
drum plate 7 is provided withdrum bushes 11 at the side which is directed to thepistons 12, whichdrum bushes 11 are clamped against thedrum plate 7 by abush holder 18. Thedrum bush 11 has acylindrical wall 23 at its inner side. Eachpiston 12 is enveloped by adrum bush 11 wherein thepiston ring 10 can move along thecylindrical wall 23 in a sealing manner. Thepiston 12 and thecylindrical bush 11 thus form achamber 9 of which the volume changes upon rotation of therotor shaft 2. As a consequence of the volume change, oil flows into and out of thechamber 9 via a drum bush opening 24, adrum port 6, wherein eachchamber 9 has its own drum bush opening 24 anddrum port 6. Thedrum plate 7 including thedrum ports 6 rotate along aface plate 4 which is at a stand still in the housing and the oil flows through thedrum port 6 via one of the kidney-shapedface plate ports 3 to a pipe connection (not shown) in the housing. Theface plate 4 has three kidney-shapedface plate ports 3 which together form a ring which is discontinuous between the differentface plate ports 3. For other applications eachface plate 4 may have two or fourface plate ports 3. Eachface plate port 3 has its own pipe connection wherein correspondingface plate ports 3 at both sides of therotor 14 are connected to the same pipe connection, for example due to the fact that they are coupled to each other in the housing. - Since the shafts of rotations of the
rotor 14 and thedrum plate 7 are angled by an angle of stroke α, the pistons follow an elliptical path in the plane of thedrum plate 7 and thedrum bushes 11 will slide over acontact surface 8 of thedrum plate 7. Theholder 18 is provided with openings which allow this sliding and serves to limit the gap between thedrum plate 7 anddrum bush 11 such that a pressure can arise in thechamber 9 upon starting. - The
face plate port 3 is a kidney-shaped opening in theface plate 4 which is supported by a surface of the housing. This surface does not extend perpendicular to the rotor centre line l but is angled to that rotor centre line and hence defines the direction of the drum plate centre line m1 or m2 and also the rotational position where the volume in thechamber 9 is minimal or maximal. In the known hydraulic transformer as shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 theface plate 4 is rotatably mounted in the housing and rotatable about the drum plate centre line m1 or m2. In order to be able to rotate theface plate 4 about the drum plate centre line m1, m2 theface plate 4 is provided with atooth profile 5 on a part of its circumference which tooth profile meshes with a gear wheel which is driven by a driving means. - In the position of the
drum plate 7 with respect to therotor shaft 2 as shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 the volume of theupper chamber 9 is the smallest and the volume of thelower chamber 9 is the largest. In other words analogous to a piston and crank-connecting rod mechanism in this embodiment theupper chamber 9 can be designated as the top dead centre BDP. - Upon rotating the
face plate 4 the settings of the hydraulic transformer changes as described in the above identified patent applications. The rotation of theface plate 4 is limited since eachface plate port 3 communicates with a port in the housing which communicates with a pipe connection and upon rotating theface plate 4 about a too large angle aface plate port 3 would possibly communicate with a different pipe connection. As a consequence, not all of the setting possibilities of the hydraulic transformer are applied. -
FIG. 3 shows schematically a different method for changing the settings of the hydraulic transformer wherein aface plate 25 which is similar to theface plate 4 as described hereinbefore, is not rotated only in its own plane about the drum plate centre line m1, m2. The rotor centre line l intersects the drum plate centre line m1 in M. Theface plate 25 has a centre line which coincides with the drum plate centre line m1. Theface plate 25 comprises two and in case of a hydraulic transformer three face plate openings and one thereof has a centralface plate opening 26 and an axis of symmetry s, theface plate openings 26 are similar to theface plate ports 3 as described hereinbefore. The drum plate centre line m1 and the axis of symmetry s intersect in a centre C. The rotor centre line l and the drum plate centre line m1 lie in a plane that intersects theface plate 25 in a plane V. The plane V is angled with respect to the axis of symmetry s about a setting angle δ. As described hereinbefore the setting angle δ of the device according toFIGS. 1 and 2 is adjusted by rotating theface plate 4 or thecorresponding face plate 25 about an axis of rotation Rev1, which coincides with the drum plate centre line m1. - In the embodiment of
FIG. 3 theface plate 25 is adjusted by rotating theface plate 25 about a second axis of rotation Rev2 and a third axis of rotation Rev3, which axes of rotation extend perpendicular to the first axis of rotation Rev1. Theface plate 25 is not rotated about the axis of rotation Rev', this rotation can be obstructed. The centre C of theface plate 25 follows a path p to a position C′ and the new position of the drum plate centre line m1 is drawn as m1′. The plane through the drum plate centre line m1′ and the rotor shaft 1 intersects the adjustedface plate 25′ in a plane V′. The plane V′ is angled with respect to the axis of symmetry s by a setting angle δ′. As can be seen inFIG. 3 the setting angle δ has been changed due to the fact that the plane in which the rotor shaft 1 and the drum plate centre line m1 lie, rotates with respect to theface plate 25 whereas theface plate 25 itself does not rotate about the drum centre line m1. In the embodiment as shown inFIG. 3 the first axis of rotation Rev1, the second axis of rotation Rev2 and the third axis of rotation Rev3 intersect each other in the intersection M, in an alternative embodiment this may be at a different location such as the centre C. However, this will influence the relative movement of thepistons 12 with respect to thedrum bush 11. The rotation about the second axis of rotation Rev2 and the third axis of rotation Rev3 are limited and coupled such that the angle of stroke α has a constant or adjustable value. -
FIG. 3 illustrates on theface plate 25 that upon adjustment, the top dead centre BDP in the plane V in the new position BDP′ in the plane V′ has a different angle with respect to theface plate opening 26. As described hereinbefore this is different in the know device according toFIGS. 1 and 2 , in which the top dead centre BDP remains at the same position with respect to the housing and theface plate 4 is turned with respect to the housing about the drum plate centre line m1. In the embodiment according toFIG. 3 theface plate 25 is turned to a new tilting position such that the BDP displaces with respect to the housing. The adjustment according toFIG. 3 does not mean that only theface plate 25 is tilted, but that thedrum plate 7 moves together with it. In fact the adjustment according toFIG. 3 has the same effect as virtually rotating theface plate 25 and thedrum plate 7 in the housing in a fixed position with respect to therotor shaft 2 by an angle about the rotor centre line l, such that the top dead centre BDP turns about this angle, after which theface plate 4 is rotated back with respect to the drum plate in the housing about the same angle, but in that case about the drum plate centre line m1. The movement as described hereinbefore about the different axes is comparable to the combined swiveling movement as illustrated inFIG. 3 . In terms ofFIG. 3 the plane of symmetry V is turned to the left about the rotor centre line l and theface plate 29 is rotated to the right about the line m1′. -
FIG. 4 shows the hydraulic device as shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 including aface plate 29 which is adjusted in the manner as described inFIG. 3 . Theface plate 29 has an opening through which the rotor shaft extends and the rotor bearing 1 is located at the side of theface plate 29 which is facing away from thedrum plate 6. The device which adjusts theface plate 29 is not shown. Theface plate 29 is rotatably mounted in acardan ring 27 and is rotatable about afirst cardan shaft 31. A second bearing and a second cardan shaft (not shown) are located between thecardan ring 27 and the housing. Thefirst cardan shaft 31 and the second cardan shaft intersect the rotor shaft 1 in the intersection M. Theface plate 29 hasface plate ports 3 which communicate with the pipe connections in the housing through connectingports 28. Theface plate ports 3 are similar to theface plate openings 26 as shown inFIG. 3 . A flexible connection is present between the housing andface plate 29, e.g. a flexible line or a tube. In the embodiment as shown thecardan ring 27 is formed with cylindrical bearings, but other bearings are also possible, for example because of the occurrence of a small rotation cross spring pivots or knife bearings can be applied. In order to limit the angle of stroke α an edge for limiting the tilting angle of theface plate 25 is present in the housing. This edge may form a flat plane and in that case the angle of stroke α is constant at each setting angle δ. In an alternative embodiment the edge is corrugated such that the angle of stroke α is dependent on the setting angle δ. -
FIG. 5 shows a hydraulic device as shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 including aface plate 34 which is adjusted in the manner as described inFIG. 3 . Theface plate 29 has an opening through which therotor shaft 2 extends and the rotor bearing 1 is located at the side of theface plate 29 which is facing away from thedrum plate 6. The device through which theface plate 34 can be adjusted is not shown. The side of theface plate 34 which faces away from thepistons 12 is provided with a spherical surface having a radius, which spherical surface forms aball pivot 32 including a concave surface having the same radius in the housing (not shown). The centre of the concave surface in the housing is located on the rotor axis 1 in the intersection M and the centre of the ball is located on the drum plate centre line m1. As a consequence the intersection M forms the centre of theball pivot 32 and theface plate 34 could rotate about this point in three directions. In order to limit the rotation of theface plate 23 to two axes of rotation, theface plate 34 is provided withteeth 35 which mesh withteeth 37 in the housing (seeFIG. 6 ). Possibly theteeth 37 are in the plane that extends perpendicular to the axis of rotation 1 through the centre point M. In that case theteeth - In an alternative embodiment (not shown) in the ball pivot on the spherical surface of the face plate 34 a pin is provided and in the opposite concave surface of the housing a slit is provided in a plane through the rotor centre line l. In this way the pin limits one of the three possible rotations of the
face plate 34 whereas the pin in the split can move and a rotation about the axis of the pin in the slit is possible such that theface plate 34 can rotate about two remaining axes of rotation. Theface plate ports 3 communicate with openings in the housing viaconnection openings 33. -
FIG. 6 shows theface plate 34 in a perspective view wherein theface plate 34 is supported by an edge of thehousing including teeth 37 which mesh withteeth 35 of theface plate 34. Theface plate 34 is drawn in three positions, the first position is indicated by continuous lines and shows the position in which theface plate 34 is supported by thehousing 36 in location A. In location A theteeth face plate 34 is supported by thehousing 36 in location B. The top dead centre BDP is then located at location B. The third position is indicated by broken lines wherein theface plate 34 is supported by thehousing 36 in location C. The locations A, B and C follow an arc of more than 180°, such that the hydraulic device has a wide adjusting range and the setting angle δ can be more than 90°. It appears from the figure that theconnection openings 33 have only small displacements with respect to the housing, such that the ports in the housing (not shown) can be small whereas the setting angle δ is large. In the embodiment according toFIG. 6 a circular edge of theface plate 34 is rolled on a circular edge of the housing and this edge limits the angle of stroke α. - In the
face plate port 3 and the associated connection opening 33 the oil pressure is the same for eachface plate port 3, and this oil pressure will be different for the differentface plate ports 3. In the area where oil pressure is present around theconnection opening 33 between the housing and theface plate 34 the oil pressure exerts aport force 38 on theface plate 34 which is directed to the intersection M, seeFIG. 7 . In the area where oil pressure is present around theface plate port 3 between theface plate 34 and thedrum plate 7 the oil pressure exerts aport force 41 in the direction of the drum plate centre line m1. Theport force 38 and theport force 41 are proportional to the hydraulic pressure and proportional to the surface of the corresponding port. The value of theseport forces connection port 33 carefully such that aport force component 39 of theport force 38 in the direction of the drum plate centre line m1 is the same as and directed opposite to theport force 41. This results in that theport force 38 results in aport force component 40 which is directed perpendicular to the direction of the drum plate centre line m1 and this could lead to high forces in theball pivot 32 which could lead to a too high friction during adjusting. In order to compensate the port force component 40 apiston 44 is mounted to theface plate 44 having a centre line in the direction of theport force component 40. Thepiston 44 can move within abush 43 which is supported by asurface 45 in the housing. The chamber between thepiston 44 and thebush 44 communicates with theface plate port 3 such that aforce 42 on the piston is proportional to the oil pressure in theface plate port 3 and the dimensions are such that theforce 42 equals theport force component 40. Possibly twopistons 44 are provided in theface plate 34, such as in case theface plate 34 includes an opening for a shaft, seeFIG. 8 . InFIG. 8 the centre lines of the two cooperatingpistons 44 are parallel, but it is also possible that the centre lines are directed radially. - The adjustment device of the
face plates FIGS. 4 , 5 may comprise two hydraulic cylinders which are located diagonally with respect to the rotor shaft 1, which cylinders are controllable like adjustment devices or actuators, and which exert a force on theface plate -
FIGS. 9-11 show an illustration of a second embodiment of a face plate which is supported by a ball pivot, wherein hydraulic support cylinders are present for compensating hydrostatic pressure between theface plate 50 and thedrum plate 7 at theface plate port 3 and between theface plate 50 and acover 51 of the housing at theconnection opening 33. In this second embodiment arotor shaft centre lines 49 are mounted.Bearings 47 are mounted between therotor shaft face plate 50 is not provided as a ring but without central opening. This means that theface plate 50 is more rigid and deforms less under load. - The
bearings 47 are mounted in acentral housing 48 and thecovers 51 are mounted at the ends of thecentral housing 48. The inner side of thecover 51 forms aconcave surface 53 along which theface plate 50 can move in the way as described in relation toFIG. 5 . At the other side of the face plate 50 a drum plate and the pistons and drum bushes (not shown) are mounted in the way as described hereinbefore and/or mounted in a known manner. At theface plate port 3 theport force 41 arises, which force is compensated by theport force 38 at theconnection opening 33. In order to determine the level and location of theport force 38 which is directed to the centre of theconcave surface 53 accurately a sealingridge 62 is provided around theconnection opening 33. This sealingridge 62 also serves to create a sealing about theconnection opening 33 and the corresponding opening in thecover 51 which communicates with theconnection opening 33 and the line connection (not shown). -
FIG. 9 shows schematically apiston 58 including abush 56 which is supported by a supportingplate 54. Thesupport cylinder force 42 which exerts a force on thepiston 58 is aligned with and directed opposite to theport force 40, which is the component of theport force 38 which extends perpendicular to the centre line m1, m2 of theface plate 50. Thepiston 58 is sealed in thebush 56 by a spherical surface and thebush 56 is supported in a sealing manner by acylindrical support surface 52, and thebush 56 has anopening 55 through which the contact between thebush 56 is lubricated by oil and thebush 56 can slide along thesupport surface 52. Thesupport surface 52 is part of thesupport plate 54 which is disposed in thecover 51. Thesupport surface 52 is cylindrical and has aradius 60 having a centre line which intersects the rotor centre line l in lc. A portion of thebush 56 which is supported by thesupport surface 52 has a radius which corresponds with theradius 60. Theface plate port 3 communicates with theconnection opening 33 via achannel 63. Thechannel 63 communicates with achamber 57 via achannel 61 and achannel 59 through thepiston 58, such that theport force 41, theport force 38 and thesupport cylinder force 42, which are generated by the same hydraulic pressure, are directed through a common intersection and hence neutralize each other. -
FIG. 10 shows a portion of thecover 51 including the concaveinner surface 53 in which the spherical side of theface plate 50 is supported. Theinner surface 53 is provided with openings (not shown) which are located at theconnection opening 33 in order to release oil through channels in thecover 51 to the line connection. Threepistons 58 are mounted to theface plate 50, which is shown in a position above its mounted position for clarity reasons, which pistons are placed diametrically opposite to aface plate port 3. In the mounted condition thepistons 58 including thebushes 56 which are mounted thereon extend through the openings in the concaveinner surface 53 and thesupport plates 54 which are shown separately are mounted to thecover 51 such that each of thebushes 56 is supported by acylindrical support surface 52. -
FIGS. 10 and 11 show that each of the threeface plate ports 3 are provided with threechannels 63. The threechannels 63 communicate with theconnection port 33 located at the opposite side of theface plate 50 through inner channels in theface plate 50. Thechannels 63 are separated bijridges 64 which connect the outer ring of the face plate with the centre portion such that deformation under influence of hydraulic pressure in thechannels 63 is prevented or limited. Theridges 64 extend up to a small distance below the flat upper surface of theface plate 50 such that anywhere in theface plate port 3 the same pressure may be present. Theridges 64 are provided such that the largest dimension of thechannels 63 is smaller than three times the width of theface plate port 3. Through the application of theridges 64 the sealing surface of theface plate 50 against thedrum plate 4 and the sealingridges 62 keep their shape better and leakage is prevented or limited. Additionally at the spherical side of theface plate 50 theridges 64 extend up to a small distance below the spherical surface of the sealingridges 62 such that in theconnection port 33 from allchannels 63 oil can flow to the opening in the concaveinner surface 62 without obstruction. - As described earlier, a pin which is mounted to the
face plate 50 and moves within a slit, wherein theface plate 50 can rotate about the rotation shaft of the pin, can serve to limit the rotation of theface plate 50 in one axis of rotation. This means that the exact position of the face plate in respect of the angle of stroke α and setting angle δ can be set by means of two actuators. It is possible for example to guide one of thepistons 58 in aslit 65 in the concaveinner surface 53 of theface plate 50. Possibly theslit 65 can be oval and in that case the rotation is limited by guiding twopistons 58 within aslit 65. If theslit 65 lies in a plane in which the rotor shaft 1 lies, theface plate 50 will not rotate about the rotor shaft 1. - The embodiments as described hereinbefore describe the adjustment of the face plate of a hydraulic transformer. The face plate of a pump of a hydraulic motor can be adjusted in a comparable manner, such that this obtains an adjustable swept volume in a simple way.
- The invention is described by means of a hydraulic device wherein the pistons move within bushes which are supported by a drum plate and wherein the drum plate rotates along the face plate. It may be clear that the invention can also be applied in hydraulic devices which do not have separate bushes but wherein a rotor in which pistons move rotates against the face plate or wherein the chambers that have varying volumes are formed with other components in another way.
Claims (16)
1. A hydraulic device comprising:
a housing,
two or more pipe ports in the housing,
a rotor including a plurality of rotor chambers which are each formed by a cylinder and a piston which rotate about a first axis of rotation and a second axis of rotation, respectively, wherein both axes of rotation extend in a common plane and intersect each other by an acute angle such that upon rotating the rotor the volume of the rotor chambers changes,
a face plate including a face plate centre line which coincides with the second axis of rotation, wherein the face plate comprises two or more face plate ports which each connect with a pipe port in the housing for connecting the pipe port with the rotor chambers,
an adjustment device for adjusting the mutual positions of the face plate and the common plane, and
wherein a face plate bearing, between the face plate and the housing, has at least two axes of rotation which intersect the face plate centre line, and
wherein upon rotating the face plate the common plane rotates with respect to the housing.
2. The hydraulic device according to claim 1 , wherein two axes of rotation of the face plate bearing intersect the face plate centre line in the intersection point of the first axis of rotation and the second axis of rotation.
3. The hydraulic device according to claim 1 , wherein the face plate bearing comprises a spherical surface of the face plate and a concave surface of the housing, in which the spherical surface can rotate.
4. The hydraulic device according to claim 1 , wherein the face plate bearing comprises cylindrical bearings having non-parallel axes of rotation.
5. The hydraulic device according to claim 1 , wherein the housing is provided with a limiting edge which limits rotation of the face plate with respect to the housing.
6. The hydraulic device according to claim 3 , wherein the face plate and the housing are provided with meshing teeth.
7. The hydraulic device according to claim 3 , wherein support cylinders are provided between the housing and the face plate and wherein via a channel the support cylinder(s) communicates with the face plate port which is located diametrically opposite to the support cylinder(s).
8. The hydraulic device according to claim 7 , wherein the face plate port has a connection opening at the side of the spherical surface and wherein the face plate around the connection opening has a sealing ridge which seals against the concave surface of the housing.
9. The hydraulic device according to claim 7 , wherein each support cylinder is supported by a support surface of the housing wherein the support surface forms a part of a cylinder of which the centre line intersects the axis of rotation perpendicularly.
10. The hydraulic device according to claim 8 , wherein the projection of the connection opening on a plane perpendicular to the face plate centre line has the same surface area and centre of gravity at the same location as the projection of the face plate port on the plane perpendicular to the face plate centre line and wherein the projection of the connection opening on a plane through the face plate centre line and extending perpendicular to a line through the centre of gravity of the surface of the connection opening and the face plate centre line has the same surface area and centre of gravity in the same location as the projection of the contact surfaces of the support cylinder(s) with the housing on the plane.
11. The hydraulic device according to claim 3 , wherein the face plate port is provided with ridges such that the largest dimension of a channel through the face plate is smaller than three times the width of the face plate port.
12. The hydraulic device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least two axes of rotation of the face plate bearing intersect the face plate centre line perpendicularly.
13. The hydraulic device according to claim 2 , wherein the face plate bearing comprises a spherical surface of the face plate and a concave surface of the housing, in which the spherical surface can rotate.
14. The hydraulic device according to claim 2 , wherein the face plate bearing comprises cylindrical bearings having non-parallel axes of rotation.
15. The hydraulic device according to claim 8 , wherein each support cylinder is supported by a support surface of the housing wherein the support surface forms a part of a cylinder of which the centre line intersects the axis of rotation perpendicularly.
16. The hydraulic device according to claim 9 , wherein the projection of the connection opening on a plane perpendicular to the face plate centre line has the same surface area and centre of gravity at the same location as the projection of the face plate port on the plane perpendicular to the face plate centre line and wherein the projection of the connection opening on a plane through the face plate centre line and extending perpendicular to a line through the centre of gravity of the surface of the connection opening and the face plate centre line has the same surface area and centre of gravity in the same location as the projection of the contact surfaces of the support cylinder(s) with the housing on the plane.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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NL2005504 | 2010-10-12 | ||
NL2005504A NL2005504C2 (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2010-10-12 | HYDRAULIC DEVICE WITH A MIRROR PLATE. |
PCT/NL2011/050698 WO2012050446A1 (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2011-10-12 | Hydraulic device including a face plate |
Publications (1)
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US20130195687A1 true US20130195687A1 (en) | 2013-08-01 |
Family
ID=43903891
Family Applications (1)
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US13/877,938 Abandoned US20130195687A1 (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2011-10-12 | Hydraulic device including a face plate |
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US (1) | US20130195687A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2627897B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP6333553B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103415696B (en) |
NL (1) | NL2005504C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012050446A1 (en) |
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- 2011-10-12 JP JP2013533789A patent/JP6333553B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-10-12 WO PCT/NL2011/050698 patent/WO2012050446A1/en active Application Filing
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USD803790S1 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2017-11-28 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker |
US9870878B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2018-01-16 | General Electric Company | Information display system for switching device, switching device, and method |
US10170264B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2019-01-01 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Information display system for switching device, switching device, and method |
US20190226464A1 (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2019-07-25 | Innas Bv | A hydraulic device |
US11067067B2 (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2021-07-20 | Innas Bv | Hydraulic device |
US10961990B2 (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2021-03-30 | Innas Bv | Hydraulic device |
US20200277930A1 (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2020-09-03 | Innas, Bv | A hydraulic device and a pivot joint |
US11802539B2 (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2023-10-31 | Innas, Bv | Hydraulic device and a pivot joint |
US20220371721A1 (en) * | 2019-10-02 | 2022-11-24 | Safran Aircraft Engines | System for controlling the cyclic setting of blades |
US11772778B2 (en) * | 2019-10-02 | 2023-10-03 | Safran Aircraft Engines | System for controlling the cyclic setting of blades |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2017020509A (en) | 2017-01-26 |
JP6333553B2 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
NL2005504C2 (en) | 2012-04-16 |
CN103415696B (en) | 2016-10-12 |
EP2627897A1 (en) | 2013-08-21 |
EP2627897B1 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
WO2012050446A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
CN103415696A (en) | 2013-11-27 |
JP2013545913A (en) | 2013-12-26 |
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