US20130224448A1

US20130224448A1 - Resin panel and sandwich panel

Info

Publication number: US20130224448A1
Application number: US13/775,739
Authority: US
Inventors: Yu Igarashi; Tadatoshi Tanji; Tatsuya Fukuda
Original assignee: Kyoraku Co Ltd
Current assignee: Kyoraku Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-02-27
Filing date: 2013-02-25
Publication date: 2013-08-29
Also published as: EP2631064B1; JP2013173327A; EP2631064A1; US20150202817A1; US10022903B2; JP5966429B2

Abstract

The resin panel of the present invention includes a first structure 15A and a second structure 15B stacked on each other. The structures include reference surfaces that serve as the front surface and the back surface of the resin panel respectively. Each of the structures includes a plurality of protrusions 150 a , 150 b protruding inwardly from the reference surface. The protrusions 150 a of the structure 15A face the protrusions 150 b of the other structure 15B each other. Jutting portions Rb of linear shape are formed between adjacent protrusions of each of the structures. The structures 15A, 15B are joined such that apical portions of the protrusions of each structure abut one another.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-040625 filed on Feb. 27, 2012, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a resin panel, a sandwich panel in which the resin panel is covered by skin sheets, and relates to a molding technique therefor.
2. Description of the Related Art
Conventionally, sandwich panels have been employed in a wide range of applications, from those in transportation machinery such as automobiles, airplanes, and the like, to those in construction, electrical equipment housings, sports and leisure, and so on. A sandwich panel has a core material of a resin panel covered by skin sheets; in some, only one surface of the core material is covered by skin sheets, while in others, both surfaces of the core material are covered by skin sheets. Sandwich panels in which only one surface of the core material is covered by skin sheets are employed, for example, in applications such as construction, in which it is not necessary for the other surface of the core material to be covered by skin sheets since it is not visible to the user. Sandwich panels in which both surfaces of the core material are covered by skin sheets are also referred to as sandwich panels. A sandwich panel has two skin sheets, and a core material interposed between both of the skin sheets. Specifically, the basic format of a sandwich panel is a stacked structure of one skin sheet, a core material, and another skin sheet.
Sandwich panels of a core material of expanded resin (that is, resin foam) covered by skin sheets have been known (for example, see International Publication Pamphlet No. WO 2010/050242). The core material of this sandwich panel has a plurality of hollows that form voids in the interior, with appropriate setting of the number of hollows and the total opening area, thereby ensuring compressive stiffness.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

With conventional resin panels, and with sandwich panels in which a core material of a resin panel is covered by skin sheets, there is a need for further improvement in strength.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a resin panel and a sandwich panel of greater strength than in the past.
A first aspect of the present invention is a resin panel including a first structure and a second structure stacked on each other, wherein: the structures include reference surfaces that serve as the front surface and the back surface of the resin panel respectively; each of the structures includes a plurality of protrusions protruding inwardly from the reference surface, the protrusions of one of the structures facing those of the other structure; the structures are joined such that apical portions of the protrusions of one of the structures abut apical portions of the protrusions of the other structure; and jutting portions of linear shape are formed between adjacent protrusions of each of the structures.
In the aforedescribed resin panel, in a preferred embodiment, a plurality of the jutting portions of linear shape may be formed for each of the protrusions, such that at least two of the jutting portions do not extend in two opposite directions.
In a preferred embodiment, the jutting portions of linear shape formed for each of the protrusions may extend in two opposite directions.
In a preferred embodiment, the resin panel may be made from expanded material.
A second aspect of the present invention is a sandwich panel including resin sheets, and the above-described resin panel sandwiched between the resin sheets.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Referring now to the attached drawings which form a part of this original disclosure:

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a sandwich panel of an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the core material of the sandwich panel of the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating the A-A cross section in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4A is a plan view of the structure of the lower side of the core material of a first example of the embodiment when cut at the joining surface;

FIG. 4B is the X-X cross section and the Y-Y cross section in FIG. 4A;

FIG. 5A is a plan view of the structure of the lower side of the core material of a second example of the embodiment when cut at the joining surface;

FIG. 5B is the Z-Z cross section in FIG. 5A;

FIG. 6 is a drawing illustrating a state prior to clamping of the mold in the molding step for the core material of the embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a drawing illustrating a mold-clamped state in the molding step for the core material of the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a drawing illustrating a state subsequent to clamping of the mold in the molding step for the core material of the embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a drawing illustrating the overall arrangement of the sandwich panel molding device of the embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a drawing illustrating a state in which a cavity has formed between the resin sheet and the molding surface of the split mold in the molding process for the sandwich panel of the embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a drawing illustrating a state in which the resin sheet has formed to a shape conforming to the molding surface of the split mold in the molding process for the sandwich panel of the embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a drawing illustrating a state in which the core material has been inserted into the split mold in the molding process for the sandwich panel of the embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a drawing illustrating a state in which the split mold has been moved to the closed position in the molding process for the sandwich panel of the embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a drawing illustrating a state prior to pressing the core material against the molten resin sheet in a modification example of the embodiment; and

FIG. 15 is a drawing illustrating a state after the core material has been pressed against the molten resin sheet until reaching the molding surface of the split mold in a modification example of the embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

As an embodiment of the sandwich panel of the present invention, a sandwich panel, and a molding method therefor, are described below.

(1) Sandwich Panel

The sandwich panel 1 of the embodiment is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
As illustrated in FIG. 1 by way of example, the sandwich panel 1 of the embodiment is equipped with an exterior shape that is approximately cuboid. This sandwich panel 1 is furnished on both the front surface side and the back surface side with resin sheets SA, SB of a thermoplastic resin, thereby providing a sandwich structure in which a core material 15 (resin panel) is sandwiched interposed between the resin sheets on the front surface side and the back surface side. The resin sheets SA, SB are served as the thin skin sheets of the sandwich panel 1, and are obtained by forming, within a mold, resin sheets (molten resin) extruded by an extrusion device.
In the sandwich panel 1 of the embodiment, the core material 15 is molded from a thermoplastic resin, for example. The thermoplastic resin material is not limited, and may include, for example, polypropylene, polyethylene, or other polyolefins, polyamides, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and other acrylic derivatives, and mixtures of two or more kinds of these. In preferred embodiment, the core material 15 occupies a large proportion of the volume of the sandwich panel 1, and is made of expanded resin that has been expanded with a blowing agent for lighter weight. The expansion ratio of the expanded resin serving as the core material 15 is in the range of 1.5 to 6, for example. Herein, the expansion ratio is a value obtained by dividing the density of the mixed resin prior to expansion, by the apparent density of the expanded resin after expansion.
The apparent expansion ratio of the entire expansion-molded article, including the hollow portions, may be in the range of 10 to 60, for example, and may be 30 as a representative value. This apparent expansion ratio is a value obtained by dividing the density of the mixed resin prior to expansion, by the density of the entire expansion-molded article, including the hollow portions.
In the sandwich panel 1 of the embodiment, the resin sheets SA, SB are not limited as to the resin material thereof, but in preferred embodiment, will be formed from non-expanded resin in order to ensure rigidity of the sandwich panel 1. For example, in consideration of moldability, the resin sheets SA, SB may have polypropylene (PP) as the primary material, with polystyrene (PS) and a styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer resin (SEBS) mixed in.
The resin sheets SA, SB and the core material 15 may be molded from a resin material into which a glass filler has been admixed for the purpose of increasing the rigidity and strength.
As glass fillers, there may be cited glass fibers, glass fiber fabrics such as glass cloth or glass nonwoven fabric, glass beads, glass flakes, glass powder, milled glass, and the like. As types of glass, there may be cited E glass, C glass, A glass, S glass, D glass, NE glass, T glass, quartz, low-permittivity glass, high-permittivity glass, and the like.
There is no limitation to the glass fillers; other inorganic fillers, such as talc, calcium carbonate, wollastonite, magnesium based materials, or carbon fibers or the like, may be admixed in order to raise the rigidity.
The thickness of the core material 15 is determined, as appropriate, according to the target thickness of the sandwich panel 1, as well as to the thickness of the resin sheets for ensuring that the sandwich panel 1 has the target rigidity. The thickness may be, but not particularly limited to, about 10 mm, for example. The thickness of the resin sheets SA, SB may be preferably within the range of 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm, and may be 0.5 mm as a representative value.
Next, the structure of the core material 15 serving as the resin panel is described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of the core material 15 of the sandwich panel 1 of the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating the A-A cross section in FIG. 2. FIGS. 4A, 4B and 5A, 5B are drawings illustrating examples of the structure when the core material 15 of the embodiment has been cut at the joining surface. FIG. 4A illustrates a plan view, while FIG. 4B is the X-X cross section and the Y-Y cross section in FIG. 4A. FIG. 5A illustrates a plan view, while FIG. 5B is the Z-Z cross section in FIG. 5A.
As illustrated in FIG. 3, in the core material 15, a first structure 15A and a second structure 15B are joined at a joining surface, thereby producing a structure in which the first structure 15A and the second structure 15B are stacked on each other. A reference surface 15Sa of the first structure 15A is corresponding to the front surface of the core material 15, while a reference surface 15Sb of the second structure 15B is corresponding to the back surface of the core material 15.
On the first structure 15A are formed a plurality of protrusions 150 a that protrude inwardly from the reference surface 15Sa. In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of protrusions 150 a are furnished so as to be aligned in rows in a predetermined pattern over the entire face of the reference surface 15Sa corresponding to the front surface of the core material 15, as illustrated in FIG. 2. With this arrangement, the rigidity and strength in the direction of compression against the front surface of the core material 15 can be increased. While the front surface is illustrated in FIG. 2, the back surface has a comparable structure. That is, in a preferred embodiment, the plurality of protrusions 150 b are furnished so as to be aligned in rows in a predetermined pattern over the entire face of the reference surface 15Sb corresponding to the back surface of the core material 15, whereby the rigidity and strength in the direction of compression against the back surface of the core material 15 can be increased.
Referring to the first structure 15A in FIG. 3, the protrusions 150 a have a tapered surface 1501 a formed so as to taper off towards the inward side, and an apical portion 1502 a. By tapering off the tapered surface 1501 a of each protrusion 150 a towards the inward side, the protrusions 150 a are more resistant to buckling in response to a large load on the front surface of the core material 15, thereby increasing the strength in the direction of compression against the front surface of the core material 15.
Referring to the second structure 15B in FIG. 3, the protrusions 150 b have a tapered surface 1501 b formed so as to taper off towards the inward side, and an apical portion 1502 b. By tapering off the tapered surface 1501 b of each protrusion 150 b towards the inward side, the protrusions 150 b are more resistant to buckling in response to a large load on the back surface of the core material 15, thereby increasing the strength in the direction of compression against the back surface of the core material 15.
As illustrated in FIG. 3, the protrusion 150 a of the first structure 15A and the protrusions 150 b of the second structure 15B are joined such that their respective apical portions 1502 a, 1502 b abut, whereby the core material 15 is constructed such that the first structure 15A and the second structure 15B are stacked with the both structured joined.
In the first structure 15A and the second structure 15B which form the core material 15 of the present embodiment, jutting portions (raised folds) of linear shape are formed between adjacent protrusions of each of the structures; this feature is described with reference to FIGS. 4A, 4B and 5A, 5B. FIGS. 4A, 4B and 5A, 5B illustrate specific examples of the structures of the core material 15 of the present embodiment. In FIGS. 4A, 4B and 5A, 5B, only the second structure 15B is illustrated, and only the second structure 15B is mentioned below; however, the first structure 15A is comparable in structure.
In FIGS. 4A and 5A, illustrated is a plan view of the cut joining surface of the core material 15, seen from the inward side (that is, seen from the side of the apical portion 1502 b of the protrusions 150 b). In FIGS. 4B and 5B, illustrated is a cross sectional view of the second structure 15B when cut along the direction of the jutting portions which are furnished between the protrusions. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the jutting portions are furnished along the reference surface 15Sb corresponding to the back surface of the core material 15.
Firstly, in the example illustrated in FIG. 4A, four jutting portions Rb1 to Rb4 of linear shape (referred to collectively as “jutting portions Rb” when appropriate) are furnished between each protrusion 150 b and other protrusions 150 b. Of these four jutting portions Rb1 to Rb4, at least two jutting portions are formed so as to not extend in two mutually opposite directions. For example, the jutting portions Rb1 and Rb2 do not extend in two mutually opposite directions, and the jutting portions Rb1 and Rb4 do not extend in two mutually opposite directions. That is, in the example illustrated in FIG. 4, the jutting portions Rb are formed between protrusions 150 b that are adjacent in at least two non-opposite directions in plan view, whereby the jutting portions Rb function as reinforcing ribs against bending moment exerted in any direction on the reference surface 15Sb. This allows a structure resistant to collapse of the protrusions 150 b in response to bending moment acting on the back surface, and therefore the bending rigidity and bending strength can be increased. In the example illustrated in FIG. 4A, the jutting portions Rb constituting interstices between the protrusions 150 b are formed to extend in two intersecting directions overall. This allows a structure that is strong with respect to bending moment centered on any straight line in the longitudinal direction or lateral direction in FIG. 4A.
Next, in the example of FIG. 5A, two jutting portions Rb1, Rb2 of linear shape are furnished between each protrusion 150 b and other protrusions 150 b. These two jutting portions Rb1, Rb2 of linear shape extend in two mutually opposite directions. That is, in FIG. 5A, the jutting portions Rb constituting interstices between the protrusions 150 b extend in a single longitudinal direction overall. Therefore, the jutting portions Rb1, Rb2 function as reinforcing ribs against bending moment the action of which is centered on a line in the lateral direction in FIG. 5A, thereby providing a structure extremely resistant to the bending moment. The structure is relatively low in bending rigidity with respect to bending moment centered on a line in the direction of overall extension of the jutting portions Rb. Consequently, the structure illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B is particularly useful in cases in which higher bending rigidity and bending strength are desired in a specific direction.
The first structure 15A and the second structure 15B are formed in individual blow molding processes, by forcing the molten resin against the respective split molds. Protrusions corresponding to the protrusions 150 a, 150 b are formed on the split molds, whereas shapes corresponding to the jutting portions are not formed on the split molds. The jutting portions illustrated in FIGS. 4A, 4B and 5A, 5B are formed through the arrangement of the protrusions formed on the split molds in correspondence with the protrusions 150 a, 150 b, through the direction of injection of the molten resin, and so on.
For example, in a case in which t1>t2, there are formed jutting portions of intersecting shape overall as illustrated in FIG. 4A, whereas in a case in which t1<t2, there readily form jutting portions of linear shape overall in a single direction as illustrated in FIG. 5A. In FIGS. 4A and 5A, the direction extending from the top towards the bottom on the plane of the page corresponds to the direction of injection of the molten resin, and in this case, examples of preferred dimensions of the jutting portions when formed to the shapes as illustrated in FIGS. 4A, 4B and 5A, 5B are as follows.
Specifically, with regard to distances between the centers of adjacent protrusions 150 b in the case of FIGS. 4A and 4B, the distance t1 in the injection direction is 11 mm for example, and the distance t2 in a direction orthogonal to the injection direction is 5.5 mm, for example. In a case in which the height of the protrusions (equal to the width of the structure) is 12 mm, the height Rh of the jutting portions formed therebetween is 0.5 to 3 mm. In the case of FIGS. 5A and 5B on the other hand, t1=5.5 mm and t2=11 mm, and in a case in which the height of the protrusions (equal to the width of the structure) is 12 mm, the height Rh of the jutting portions formed therebetween is 1 to 5 mm.
As mentioned previously, in FIGS. 4 and 5, the direction from the top towards the bottom on the plane of the page corresponds to the direction of injection of the molten resin in the molding step, to be discussed below. By introducing filler into the molten resin, the bending rigidity and bending strength against bending moment centered on the direction of injection, that is, on a line in a horizontal direction in FIG. 4 or 5, can be increased further. As the introduced filler, in addition to the various glass fillers mentioned previously, inorganic fillers, such as talc, calcium carbonate, wollastonite, magnesium based materials, or carbon fibers or the like, may be admixed.
In the sandwich panel 1 of the present embodiment, any of the widely known physical blowing agents or chemical blowing agents, or mixtures of these, can be cited as examples of blowing agents that may be used in the core material 15. For example, as the physical blowing agents, air, carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, or other such inorganic physical blowing agents, as well as butane, pentane, hexane, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, and other such organic physical blowing agents can be applied. As the chemical blowing agents, there may be cited, for example, organic blowing agents such as azodicarbonamide (ADCA), N,N′-dinitrosopentamethylene tetramine, 4,4′-oxybis(benzenesulfonyl hydrazide), diphenylsulfone-3,3′-disulfonyl hydrazide, p-toluenesulfonyl semicarbazide, trihydrazinotriazine, azobisisobutyronitrile, and the like; as well inorganic blowing agents such as mixtures of polycarboxylic acids, such as citric acid, oxalic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, camphoric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, triethylenetetramine hexaacetic acid, nitrilo acid, and the like, with inorganic carbonic acid compounds such as sodium hydrogen carbonate, aluminum sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium carbonate, and the like; or sodium dihydrogen citrate, potassium oxalate, and other salts of polycarboxylic acids.

(2) Core Material Molding Method

The molding method for the core material 15 is described next.
Firstly, a polyolefin based resin, for example, is fed to an extruder (not illustrated), in which, after kneading the material while heating and melting it, a predetermined amount of a blowing agent is added, continuing to further knead within the extruder to give an expandable molten resin. While maintaining the expandable molten resin at a resin temperature suitable for expansion, but at a pressure such that the expandable molten resin does not begin to expand, the material is packed into an accumulator (not illustrated). Next, with the gate at the distal end of the die of the extrusion head 40 open, the ram of the accumulator (not illustrated) is pushed in order to release the expandable molten resin into a low-pressure zone, forming an expandable cylindrical parison P. A substantially constant expansion ratio is maintained throughout the molding step by split molds 50A, 50B in a subsequent step.
Next, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the cylindrical parison P in a molten state is extruded vertically downward through a slit die by the known-art extrusion head 40, and the cylindrical parison P is continuously fed in a molten state between the two split molds 50A, 50B at the open position.
Next, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the two split molds 50A, 50B move from the open position to the closed position, and the two split molds 50A, 50B are clamped. A sealed space (cavity) is formed accordingly. Next, through blow molding or vacuum molding through the cavity, the parison P inside the cavity is shaped to conform to molding surfaces 52A, 52B within the cavity.
In further detail, in the case of blow molding, in a manner comparable to known prior art methods, a blow pin (not illustrated) is inserted into the core material 15, and a pressurized fluid is introduced into the interior, pressing the parison P towards the molding surfaces 52A, 52B of the split molds 50A, 50B; or in the case of vacuum molding, in a manner comparable to known prior art methods, the split molds 50A, 50B are furnished with channels (not illustrated) therein which communicates with the cavity, and the cavity is suctioned through these channels, whereby the parison P is suctioned towards the molding surfaces 52A, 52B of the split molds 50A, 50B, bringing the parison P into close contact with the molding surfaces 52A, 52B. The structures 15A, 15B are thereby made from the continuous cylindrical parison P in the molten state. Specifically, a plurality of protrusions 54A, 54B, corresponding to the plurality of protrusions 150 a, 150 b of the structures 15A, 15B, have been furnished on the molding surfaces 52A, 52B of the split molds 50A, 50B. That is, when the parison P comes into close contact with the molding surfaces 52A, 52B, the parison P comes into close contact against the plurality of protrusions 54A, 54B on the molding surfaces 52A, 52B, thereby forming the plurality of protrusions 150 a, 150 b on the structures 15A, 15B. At this time, by adopting a mirror pattern of arrangement of the plurality of protrusions 54A, 54B on each of the molding surfaces 52A, 52B of the split molds 50A, 50B, the apical portions 1502 a, 1502 b of the corresponding protrusions 150 a, 150 b of the respective structures 15A, 15B come into abutment and are welded to one another. Furthermore, pinch-off portions 51A, 51B of the individual split molds 50A, 50B come into abutment to weld the continuous cylindrical parison P, while simultaneously forming parting lines PL at the peripheral edge portions thereof.
As mentioned previously, through appropriate arrangement of the plurality of protrusions 54A, 54B of the split molds 50A, 50B in conformity to the protrusions 150 a, 150 b, subsequent to molding, jutting portions of rib shape will have formed between the adjacent protrusions 150 a and the adjacent protrusions 150 b, in each of the pair of structures 15A, 15B.
Next, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the two split molds 50A, 50B are moved from the closed position to the open position by the mold driving device, parting the two split molds 50A, 50B. The molded core material 15 is thereby released from the two split molds 50A, 50B.
This completes the molding of the expandable core material 15.

(3) Sandwich Panel Molding Method

Next, the device and method for employing a mold to mold the sandwich panel 1 of the embodiment is described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 15.
Firstly, the molding device for the sandwich panel 1 of the embodiment is described.
As illustrated in FIG. 9, the molding device 90 of the embodiment has an extrusion device 60, and a mold clamping device 70 arranged below the extrusion device 60. Resin sheets P in the molten state extruded from the extrusion device 60 are delivered to the mold clamping device 70, and the resin sheets P in the molten state are molded in the mold clamping device 70. FIG. 9 illustrates in cross section only the mold clamping device 70 and the resin sheets P in the molten state.
The extrusion device 60 is equipped with T-dies 61A, 61B, accumulators 81A, 81B, plungers 82A, 82B, extruders 83A, 83B, and resin feed hoppers 84A, 84B. In the extrusion device 60, the extruders are employed to plasticize and melt a resin feedstock, and this molten resin is then extruded out from the T-dies 61A, 61B. In the extrusion device 60, the extrusion capability of the extruders 83A, 83B can be selected, as appropriate, depending on the size of the sandwich panel 1. From the standpoint of a shorter molding cycle for the sandwich panel 1, 50 kg/hour or greater is preferred.
In the extrusion device 60, the rate at which the resin sheet is extruded is set by the T-dies 61A, 61B and the accumulators 81A, 81B. From the standpoint of preventing drawdown, in a preferred embodiment, extrusion of the resin sheet from the T-dies 61A, 61B will be completed within 40 seconds, and more preferably completed within 30 seconds. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the molten resin material accumulated in the accumulators 81A, 81B will be extruded from the T-dies 61A, 61B at 50 kg/hour or more, and preferably 60 kg/hour or more, per 1 cm². At this time, the effects of drawdown can be minimized further by varying the slits in the die tips of the T-dies 61A, 61B, according to the extrusion rate of the resin sheet. Specifically, the clearance of the slits of the T-dies 61A, 61B can be progressively widened from the outset of extrusion, reaching a maximum at the end of extrusion, thereby minimizing variation in thickness due to the weight of the resin sheet, so that the resin sheet can be given uniform thickness over a wide range in the vertical direction. The resin sheet can thereby be given uniform thickness at the point in time that the pair of split molds are moved from the open position to the closed position, discussed below.
Referring back to FIG. 9, the mold clamping device 70 has a pair of split molds 71A, 71B that are moved between the open position and the closed position, in a direction generally orthogonal to the direction of feed of the resin sheets P in the molten state. The pair of split molds 71A, 71B are arranged in a state with each of their corresponding molding surfaces 72A, 72B in opposition. The surfaces of the molding surfaces 72A, 72B may be furnished with land and groove portions generally corresponding in shape to the external shape of the sandwich panel 1.
In each of the pair of split molds 71A, 71B, pinch-off portions 74A, 74B are formed in proximity to the upper and lower ends of each of their corresponding molding surfaces 72A, 72B. The pinch-off portions 74A, 74B are respectively formed to an annular shape around the molding surfaces 72A, 72B, and project out towards the opposing split mold 71A, 71B. In so doing, when the pair of split molds 71A, 71B are clamped together, the respective pinch-off portions 74A, 74B abut at their distal ends, forming parting lines PL at the peripheral edges of the resin sheets P in the molten state.
The pair of split molds 71A, 71B are furnished at the perimeter of the molding surfaces 72A, 72B with sliding portions 75A, 75B capable of projecting out from the molding surfaces 72A, 72B. In a state in which the sliding portions 75A, 75B are projected out from the molding surfaces 72A, 72B, the end surfaces thereof come into contact with the resin sheets P, thereby forming sealed spaces (cavities) between the resin sheets P and the molding surfaces 72A, 72B of the pair of split molds 71A, 71B.
The pair of split molds 71A, 71B house vacuum chambers 73A, 73B. The vacuum chambers 73A, 73B are connected to a vacuum pump and a vacuum tank (neither is illustrated). Between the vacuum chambers 73A, 73B and the molding surfaces 72A, 72B are furnished communicating passages (not illustrated) communicating with the cavities for the purpose of vacuum suction.
The pair of split molds 71A, 71B, driven by a mold driving device (not illustrated), are moveable between the open position and the close position. At the open position, the two continuous resin sheets P in the molten state may be arranged, spaced apart from one another across a gap, between the pair of split molds 71A, 71B. Subsequent to molding, the two resin sheets P has become the resin sheets SA, SB of the sandwich panel 1. At the closed position, through abutment of the pinch-off portions 74A, 74B of the pair of split molds 71A, 71B, when each of the pair of split molds 71A, 71B moves from the open position to the closed position, cavities form within the split molds 71A, 71B, with respect to the two resin sheets P in the molten state. The molds are driven in such a way as to move towards the position of the centerline of the pair of split sheets P.
Next, the molding method of the sandwich panel 1 is described.
Firstly, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the resin sheets P in the molten state are extruded vertically downward by the extrusion device 60, from each of the die slits. The extruded resin sheets P respectively pass through rollers 65A, 65B and are fed between the pair of split molds 71A, 71B. At this point in time, the pair of split molds 71A, 71B are in the open position.
In a case in which a decorative sheet (for example, a decorative sheet made of fabric) is to be applied to the surface of the sandwich panel 1, the descending resin sheets P and the decorative sheet can be bonded to one another by the rollers 65A, 65B. At this time, in terms of stronger adhesion to the resin sheets P, it is better that the decorative sheet be fabric-like on its inner surface. In a preferred embodiment, the surfaces of the rollers 65A, 65B will be coated with a thin film of fluorine, and heated to about 70 to 100° C., to prevent sticking of the resin and to improve adhesive strength.
Alternatively, a decorative sheet may be positioned in advance on the molding surface of the split mold, inducing the decorative sheet to adhere the resin sheet P simultaneously with molding of the resin sheet P.
Decorative sheets made of fabric are preferably of nonwoven fabric. In terms of improving the adhesive strength, it is especially preferable to employ a needle-punched nonwoven fabric in which the fibers have been mechanically entangled by pricking with barbed needles.
Next, as illustrated in FIG. 10, the sliding portions 75A, 75B at the perimeter of the molding surfaces 72A, 72B are induced to project so that the end faces thereof contact the resin sheets P. Cavities are thereby formed between the resin sheets P and the molding surfaces 72A, 72B of the pair of split molds 71A, 71B. The air inside the cavities is then suctioned out through the communicating passages (not illustrated) which have been furnished between the vacuum chambers 73A, 73B and the molding surfaces 72A, 72B. Due to this suction, the two resin sheets P are respectively pressed against the molding surfaces 72A, 72B of the pair of split molds 71A, 71B, forming a shape that conforms to the molding surfaces 72A, 72B, specifically, to the general exterior shape of the sandwich panel 1, as illustrated in FIG. 11.
By adopting a process whereby air present on the resin sheet P side can be suctioned out from the distal ends of the sliding portions 75A, 75B at the perimeter of the molding surfaces 72A, 72B, the resin sheets P can be reliably maintained in a state of contact against the sliding portions 75A, 75B. Moreover, the occurrence of wrinkles can be reduced when the cavities are suctioned to shape the resin sheets P to conform to the molding surfaces 72A, 72B.
Next, employing a manipulator (not illustrated), the core material 15 is positioned between the pair of split molds 71A, 71B, inserting it so as to press against one of the split molds from the side, as illustrated in FIG. 12 (in FIG. 12, the split mold 71B). The core material 15 is thereby affixed to a resin sheet P. Subsequent to molding, the resin sheets P may shrink by about 1% due to cooling, depending on the resin material. The shapes of the molding surfaces 72A, 72B of the split molds 71A, 71B have been set taking into account this shrinkage. Specifically, the molding surfaces 72A, 72B are set to a size slightly larger than the target dimensions of the resin sheets subsequent to molding. Therefore, the core material 15, which is in a normal temperature state, can be inserted into the split molds with some room to spare.
Next, as illustrated in FIG. 13, the pair of split molds 71A, 71B are moved from the open position to the closed position, clamping the mold. The core material 15 which had been affixed to one of the resin sheets P (the one on the right side in the drawing) is thereby affixed to the other resin sheet P (the one on the left side in the drawing) as well. Furthermore, the peripheral edges of the pair of resin sheets are affixed by the pinch-off portions 74A, 74B of the pair of split molds 71A, 71B, forming parting lines PL. During mold clamping, because the previously molded core material 15, which is in a normal-temperature state, is affixed to the resin sheets P in the molten state, the core material 15 is positioned beforehand so as to not experience deformation due to mold clamping.
Finally, the pair of split molds 71A, 71B are moved back to the open position, the molded sandwich panel 1 is released from the molding surfaces 72A, 72B, and the burring which has formed around the parting lines PL is removed by cutting with a cutter or the like. Alternatively, a process may be designed such that burring is cut off by the pinch-off portions 74A, 74B simultaneously with mold clamping. This completes the sandwich panel 1 including the resin sheet SA, the core material 15, and the resin sheet SB which are stacked in order.
As mentioned previously, a glass filler, inorganic filler, or carbon filler may be admixed into the resin sheets P, with the object of increasing rigidity and strength.
By adopting the above method of sandwiching the core material between the split molds, and bringing about adhesion prior to solidification of the extruded resin sheets in the molten state, molding costs can be reduced. The reason is that, as compared for example to a method in which the solidified resin sheets are reheated and melted, then affixed to the core material, the need for a reheating step is obviated, and molding costs can be reduced.
By adopting a process whereby the resin sheets are extruded vertically downward in a molten state, the area occupied by the manufacturing devices can be reduced. The reason is that, in a case of molding by extrusion in the horizontal direction for example, a separate conveyance device is necessary to convey the resin sheets in the horizontal direction, and it is moreover necessary for the conveyance device and the molds to be positioned in-line with the extrusion device in the horizontal direction.
The sandwich panel molding method discussed above may be modified as appropriate. Modification examples of the sandwich panel molding method of the embodiment are described below.

Modification Example 1

Whereas the sandwich panel molding method discussed above described a case of extrusion of resin sheets in a molten state from a pair of T-dies, resin sheets could also be obtained by extruding a cylindrical parison, while cutting it.

Modification Example 2

Whereas the sandwich panel molding method discussed above described a case in which the cavities are formed between the resin sheets P and the molding surfaces 72A, 72B of the pair of split molds 71A, 71B prior to moving the pair of split molds 71A, 71B to the closed position, there is no limitation thereto. It is acceptable for the cavities to be formed by moving the pair of split molds 71A, 71B to the closed position.

Modification Example 3

Whereas the sandwich panel molding method discussed above described a case of suctioning the air inside the cavities in order to press the resin sheets P against the molding surfaces 72A, 72B of the pair of split molds 71A, 71B, there is no limitation thereto. Alternatively, it is acceptable to press the resin sheets P against the molding surfaces 72A, 72B of the pair of split molds 71A, 71B by blowing a fluid, such as air or the like, onto the resin sheets P (blow molding).

Modification Example 4

In the sandwich panel molding method discussed above, the step of pressing the outer layer of the resin sheets in a molten state against the molding surfaces of the split molds employed a method of suctioning from the cavities, or a method relying on blow molding; however, there is no limitation to these methods. It is also acceptable to apply a method in which the core material 15 is employed to press the resin sheets in a molten state against the cavities of the split molds, without forming cavities. This method is described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.
FIG. 14 is a drawing illustrating the core material 15 in a state prior to being pressed against the resin sheets in a molten state. FIG. 15 is a drawing illustrating the core material 15 in a state after being pressed against a resin sheet in a molten state, until reaching the molding surfaces of a split mold.
In the method of the present modification example, firstly, as illustrated in FIG. 14, in a state in which the resin sheets P have been extruded vertically downward in a molten state from the extrusion device 60 (the same state as in FIG. 9), the core material 15, retained by a manipulator 120, is positioned at a position in opposition to the split mold 71B, with a resin sheet P therebetween. Once the core material 15 has been positioned, the manipulator 120 retaining the core material 15 is moved towards the molding surface 72B of the split mold 71B. Thereupon, the core material 15 is brought into contact with the resin sheet P in the molten state, affixing the core material 15 and the resin sheet P. At the moment of contact with the core material 15, the resin sheet P in the molten state is kept at relatively high temperature due to the lack of contact with the split mold 71B, which has high thermal conductivity. Therefore, the core material 15 and the resin sheet P adhere tightly.
As the manipulator 120 is moved further along, and the outer layer of the resin sheet P reaches the molding surface 72B of the split mold 71B, the state illustrated in FIG. 15 is assumed. At this time, the outer layer of the resin sheet P is pressed by the manipulator 120 against the molding surface 72B, with the core material 15 therebetween. The manipulator 120 is then detached from the core material 15.
Subsequent steps are the same as those discussed previously.
Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 13, the pair of split molds 71A, 71B are moved from the open position to the closed position, clamping the mold. The core material 15 which has been affixed to one of the resin sheets P (the one on the right side in the drawing) is now affixed to the other resin sheet P as well (the one on the left side in the drawing). The pair of resin sheets are then pressed against the molding surfaces 72A, 72B of the pair of split molds 71A, 71B, forming a shape that conforms to the molding surfaces 72A, 72B, specifically, to the general exterior shape of the sandwich panel 1, as illustrated in FIG. 11. Furthermore, in the pinch-off portions 74A, 74B of the pair of split molds 71A, 71B, the peripheral edges of the pair of resin sheets P are affixed, forming parting lines PL. Finally, the pair of split molds 71A, 71B are moved back to the open position, the molded sandwich panel 1 is released from the molding surfaces 72A, 72B, and the burring which has formed around the parting lines PL is removed by cutting with a cutter or the like. This completes the sandwich panel 1 including the resin sheet SA, the core material 15, and the resin sheet SB which are stacked in order.
While the present invention has been described in detail above in terms of the present preferred embodiment, the resin panel and sandwich panel of the present invention are not limited to the aforedescribed embodiment, and various improvements and modifications of the present invention are possible without departing from the scope and spirit thereof. For example, in the present embodiment, a case of use as the core material of a sandwich panel was described as an example of the resin panel of the present invention; however, applications for the resin panel are not limited thereto. In applications where skin sheets are not necessary, the resin panel could be used by itself.

1 Sandwich panel
SA, SB Resin sheet
15 Core material (resin panel)
15A First structure
15B Second structure
150 a, 150 b Protrusions
60 Extrusion device
70 Mold clamping device
61A, 61B T die
65A, 65B Roller
71A, 71B Split mold
72A, 72B Molding surface
73A, 73B Vacuum chamber
74A, 74B Pinch-off portion
75A, 75B Sliding portion
90 Molding device
P Resin sheet

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A resin panel including a first structure and a second structure stacked on each other, wherein:

the structures include reference surfaces that serve as the front surface and the back surface of the resin panel respectively;

each of the structures includes a plurality of protrusions protruding inwardly from the reference surface, the protrusions of one of the structures facing those of the other structure;

the structures are joined such that apical portions of the protrusions of one of the structures abut apical portions of the protrusions of the other structure; and

jutting portions of linear shape are formed between adjacent protrusions of each of the structures.

2. The resin panel according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the jutting portions of linear shape are formed for each of the protrusions, at least two of the jutting portions not extending in two opposite directions.

3. The resin panel according to claim 1, wherein the jutting portions of linear shape formed for each of the protrusions extend in two opposite directions.

4. The resin panel according to claim 1, wherein the resin panel is made from expanded material.

5. A sandwich panel comprising resin sheets and a resin panel sandwiched between the resin sheets, the resin panel including a first structure and a second structure stacked on each other, wherein: