US20160230290A1 - Method for treating surface of aluminum can - Google Patents
Method for treating surface of aluminum can Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20160230290A1 US20160230290A1 US15/024,233 US201415024233A US2016230290A1 US 20160230290 A1 US20160230290 A1 US 20160230290A1 US 201415024233 A US201415024233 A US 201415024233A US 2016230290 A1 US2016230290 A1 US 2016230290A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- aluminum
- treatment
- alkaline
- treatment step
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 127
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract 1
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 141
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 47
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 13
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004148 curcumin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,4-trifluorobutan-2-one Chemical class CC(=O)CC(F)(F)F BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WGRULTCAYDOGQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;sodium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na].[Na+] WGRULTCAYDOGQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910019617 (NH4)4Ce(SO4)4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical compound NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M D-gluconate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001785 cerium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CBOIHMRHGLHBPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethyl Chemical compound O[CH2] CBOIHMRHGLHBPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- ALTWGIIQPLQAAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N metavanadate Chemical compound [O-][V](=O)=O ALTWGIIQPLQAAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011044 succinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OKJMLYFJRFYBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetraazanium;cerium(4+);tetrasulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OKJMLYFJRFYBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/20—Acidic compositions for etching aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/12—Cans, casks, barrels, or drums
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
- C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/12—Light metals
- C23G1/125—Light metals aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/22—Light metals
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- C11D2111/16—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of treating the surface of an aluminum can.
- aluminium cans such as beverage cans made of aluminum or an aluminium alloy are manufactured by a drawing process called the drawing and ironing process (hereafter referred to as the DI process).
- Aluminum powder hereinafter referred to as smut
- smut Aluminum powder generated by scraping upon drawing and lubricating oil adhere to the surface of an aluminum cans which are manufactured by the DI process.
- aluminum cans are subjected to chemical conversion treatment and paint treatment.
- an oxide film formed on the surface of an aluminum can needs to be removed by etching after completely removing smut and lubricating oil adhering on the surface of the aluminum can before chemical conversion.
- an acidic surface treatment liquid (hereinafter may be referred to as an acid treatment liquid) is commonly used, with which the surface of the aluminum can be moderately etched.
- an acid treatment liquid containing trivalent iron ions in which pH is adjusted to 2 or less with sulfuric acid or nitric acid (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- a method of treating the surface of an aluminum can with an acid treatment liquid containing organic sulfonic acid, trivalent iron ions and an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid for example, see Patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Examined Patent Application Publication No. H03-50838
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2000-104185
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2007-197775
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2003-119570
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2004-18992
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2008-127625
- a chemical film or a paint coating film may not be uniformly formed on the surface of the aluminum can, which in turn reduces the corrosion resistance of the aluminum can.
- the amount of etching could be increased by increasing a temperature at which treatment is performed with an acid treatment liquid (for example, to 70° C.)
- a temperature at which treatment is performed with an acid treatment liquid for example, to 70° C.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that a temperature at which treatment is performed with an acid treatment liquid can be decreased by treating the surface of an aluminum can with an acid treatment liquid containing organic sulfonic acid. However, even in a case where the acid treatment liquid containing organic sulfonic acid is used, etching may not proceed sufficiently at a low temperature.
- acid wash is performed at a relatively low temperature (for example, at 50° C.) in the surface preparation of an aluminum for can tops disclosed in Patent Documents 4 to 6.
- a substrate surface is etched by treatment with an alkaline solution performed before the acid wash.
- the acid wash in this case appears to be intended for removing magnesium segregated on an aluminum surface and for neutralizing an aluminum surface alkalinized by the treatment with an alkaline solution before the acid wash.
- the purposes are completely different for the acid wash in the surface preparation of an aluminum for can tops, and for the treatment of etching a substrate surface with an acid treatment liquid performed in the surface treatment of an aluminum can.
- an aluminum can is treated under the conditions for the surface preparation of an aluminum for can tops, the amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can would not be controlled, and thus a finishing appearance of the aluminum can may not be controlled. Therefore, the technology for the surface preparation of an aluminum for can tops can not be applied to that for treating the surface of an aluminum can.
- An objective of the present invention is to provide a method of treating the surface of an aluminum can in which an acid treatment liquid with easy handling can be used, and the energy cost is sufficiently low.
- the present invention relates to a method of treating a surface of an aluminum can.
- the method includes: an alkaline treatment step of treating the aluminum can with an alkaline treatment liquid; and an acid treatment step of treating the aluminum can after the alkaline treatment step with an acid treatment liquid, in which the amount of etching in the alkaline treatment step is less than 50 mg/m 2 .
- the alkaline treatment liquid preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium ions, potassium ions and ammonium ions.
- the alkaline treatment liquid is at 40 to 70° C., and a treatment time of the aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is 1 to 30 seconds.
- the alkaline treatment liquid preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of an organic acid, a chelating agent, a dispersing agent and a surfactant.
- the acid treatment liquid contains at least one selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid, and contains 0.05 to 4 g/L of trivalent iron ions, and has a pH of 2 or less, and a treatment temperature of the aluminum can in the acid treatment step is 30 to 65° C.
- a treatment time of the aluminum can in the acid treatment step is preferably 10 to 90 seconds.
- the present invention relates to an aluminum can subjected to a surface treatment by the method of treating a surface of an aluminum can.
- the present invention can provide a method of treating the surface of an aluminum can in which an acid treatment liquid with easy handling can be used, and the energy cost is sufficiently low.
- the method of treating the surface of an aluminum can according to the present invention includes an alkaline treatment step and an acid treatment step.
- Aluminum cans to be treated by the surface treatment method according to the present embodiment include those made of a 3000-series alloy and the like.
- an aluminum can is treated with an alkaline treatment liquid.
- the alkaline treatment liquid removes fat and oil components on the surface of an aluminum can. Further, in a case where an aluminum can after the DI process is treated, the alkaline treatment liquid also serves to remove a lubricant.
- the amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is less than 50 mg/m 2 . That is, the surface of an aluminum can hardly etched in the alkaline treatment step. In a case where the amount of etching in the alkaline treatment step is 50 mg/m 2 or more, etching is difficult to be controlled, resulting in whitening of the surface of an aluminum can.
- the amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step can be calculated by measuring the mass of the aluminum can before and after the alkaline treatment step with a precision balance, and dividing the decrement in the mass of the aluminum can before and after the alkaline treatment step by the surface area of the aluminum can.
- the amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can of less than 50 mg/m 2 in the alkaline treatment step, it is necessary to control the pH of an alkaline treatment liquid, the concentration of an alkaline substance in the alkaline treatment liquid, the treatment time in the alkaline treatment step and the treatment temperature in the alkaline treatment step. More specifically, the amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can be increased by increasing the concentration of an alkaline substance in the alkaline treatment liquid, i.e., increasing the pH of the alkaline treatment liquid, whereas the amount of etching can be decreased by decreasing it.
- the amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can also be increased by increasing the treatment time in the alkaline treatment step or increasing the temperature of alkaline treatment whereas the amount of etching can be decreased by decreasing the treatment time or the treatment temperature. Note that all of these factors may not necessarily need to be adjusted, and an amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can of less than 50 mg/m 2 may be achieved by adjusting only some of them.
- the alkaline treatment liquid preferably has a pH of 9 to 14.
- a pH of the alkaline treatment liquid of 9 to 14 can allow a hydroxide film to form on the surface of an aluminum can.
- the hydroxide film formed on the surface of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step will be dissolved with an acid treatment liquid in the acid treatment step described below.
- the pH of the alkaline treatment liquid is more preferably 10.0 to 13.0.
- the alkaline treatment liquid preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium ions, potassium ions and ammonium ions. These ions contained in the alkaline treatment liquid can form a hydroxide film effectively on the surface of an aluminum can.
- Sources of sodium ions, potassium ions and ammonium ions include inorganic substances such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate; and organic substances such as sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of organic acids such as gluconic acid and citric acid. These compounds may be used in combination of two or more.
- the alkaline treatment liquid is preferably an aqueous solution containing sodium hydroxide.
- a hydroxide film can be formed more effectively on the surface of an aluminum can.
- the concentration of an alkaline substance such as sodium hydroxide in the alkaline treatment liquid is preferably 0.01 to 10 g/L.
- concentration of an alkaline substance in the alkaline treatment liquid is less than 0.01 g/L, a hydroxide film tends not to be easily formed on the surface of an aluminum can.
- whitening may occur due to excessive etching of the surface of an aluminum can.
- the alkaline treatment liquid preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of organic acids, chelating agents, dispersing agents and surfactants.
- the alkaline treatment liquid contains an organic acid, a chelating agent, a dispersing agent or a surfactant, smut on the surface of an aluminum can may efficiently be removed, and the formation of a hydroxide film can be promoted even if the alkaline treatment step is performed under mild conditions (for example, at low temperature, for short time).
- Organic acids to be contained in the alkaline treatment liquid can include gluconic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, sorbic acid, succinic acid and the like, and alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts thereof.
- the alkaline treatment liquid more preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of gluconic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid and tartaric acid.
- Chelating agents to be contained in the alkaline treatment liquid can include aminocarboxylic acid-based chelating agents, phosphonic acid-based chelating agents and condensed phosphates. Specifically, they include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP), trisodium nitrilotriacetate (NTA), sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and the like. Among these, the alkaline treatment liquid more preferably contains at least one of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP).
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- HEDP sodium 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate
- HEDP 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate
- Dispersing agents to be contained in the alkaline treatment liquid can include acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer and a sodium salt thereof, polycarboxylic acid, polyethylene glycol and the like.
- the alkaline treatment liquid more preferably contains acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer.
- nonionic, cationic, anionic and zwitterionic surfactants can be used.
- nonionic systems are particularly preferred.
- hydrocarbon derivatives, abietic acid derivatives, alcohol ethoxylate, denatured polyethoxylated alcohol and the like are preferably used.
- the alkaline treatment liquid more preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of organic acids, chelating agents and dispersing agents; and a surfactant. That is, preferred combinations of additives to be contained in the alkaline treatment liquid are combinations of at least one selected from the group consisting of organic acids, chelating agents and dispersing agents; and surfactants.
- both smut and lubricating oil on the surface of an aluminum can effectively be removed to further promote the formation of a hydroxide film even if the alkaline treatment step is performed under mild conditions (for example, at low temperature, for a short time) as described above. Therefore, in a case where the alkaline treatment liquid contains at least one selected from the group consisting of organic acids, chelating agents and dispersing agents; and a surfactant, consequently, desmutting of an aluminum can after the surface treatment can be further improved even if the alkaline treatment is performed under mild conditions.
- the treatment time of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is preferably 1 to 30 seconds. In a case where the treatment time of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is shorter than 1 second, a hydroxide film tends not to be easily formed on the surface of the aluminum can. On the other hand, in a case where it is longer than 30 seconds, whitening of the surface of the aluminum can may occur due to excessive etching.
- the treatment time of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is more preferably 3 to 20 seconds.
- the treatment temperature of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step (the temperature of the alkaline treatment liquid) is preferably 40 to 70° C. In a case where the treatment temperature of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is lower than 40° C., a hydroxide film tends not to be easily formed on the surface of the aluminum can. On the other hand, in a case where it is higher than 70° C., whitening of the surface of the aluminum can may occur due to excessive etching.
- the treatment temperature of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is more preferably 45 to 60° C.
- Methods of treating an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step include the spray method and the dipping method.
- Treatment with the aforementioned alkaline treatment liquid may be performed once or multiple times in the alkaline treatment step.
- the treatment conditions for each treatment may be the same or may be altered.
- the aluminum in the acid treatment step, the aluminum can after the alkaline treatment step is treated with an acid treatment liquid.
- a hydroxide film is formed on the surface of an aluminum can without being passivated in the aforementioned alkaline treatment step. Since a hydroxide film is easily dissolved in an acid treatment liquid, the surface of an aluminum can be etched with a low-temperature acid treatment liquid in the acid treatment step. If the surface of an aluminum can were treated in the acid treatment step without performing the alkaline treatment step, the surface of the aluminum can would be passivated. Therefore, the temperature of the acid treatment liquid would need to be increased in order to facilitate etching.
- a high treatment temperature of an aluminum can (a high temperature of an acid treatment liquid) in the acid treatment step is not preferred because the energy cost in the surface treatment of an aluminum can is too high. In a case where the alkaline treatment step has been performed before the acid treatment step, the temperature of an acid treatment liquid can be lowered by 5 to 20° C. as compared with the case where the alkaline treatment step has not been performed.
- the acid treatment liquid preferably has a pH of 2 or less.
- pH of the acid treatment liquid is more than 2, etching of the surface of an aluminum can tends to be insufficient.
- the acid treatment liquid preferably contains inorganic acid.
- Inorganic acid will serve as an etching accelerator.
- Specific examples of inorganic acid include sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid, and these inorganic acids may be used alone or in combination. Note that sulfuric acid is more preferably used in view of being free of nitrogen and phosphorus.
- the content of an inorganic acid in the acid treatment liquid is preferably 0.01 to 25 g/L. In a case where the content of an inorganic acid in the acid treatment liquid is less than 0.01 g/L, an etching rate is extremely low. On the other hand, in a case where it is more than 25 g/L, no further improvement is observed for the effect of etching, which is economically disadvantageous.
- the content of an inorganic acid in a more preferred acid treatment liquid is 0.5 to 20 g/L.
- the acid treatment liquid preferably contains oxidized metal ions.
- the etching reaction of aluminum in the acid treatment step includes an anode reaction in which aluminum becomes an aluminum ion (Al 3+ ) and a cathode reaction in which H + in the acid treatment liquid is reduced into 1 ⁇ 2H 2 .
- anode reaction in which the above Fe 3+ is reduced into Fe 2+ occurs simultaneously as the aforementioned reduction of H + , promoting the etching reaction of aluminum.
- the adhesiveness of the metal with a chemical conversion film formed by chemical conversion after the acid treatment step is improved in a case where the acid treatment liquid contains oxidized metal ions.
- oxidized metal ions include metavanadic acid ions (VO 3 ⁇ ), ceric ions (Ce 4+ ), cobalt ions (Co 5+ ), stannic ions (Sn 4+ ) and the like.
- trivalent iron ions (ferric ions: Fe 3+ ) are preferably used as oxidized metal ions.
- Oxidized metal ions are preferably supplied from water-soluble salts such as sulfate or nitrate. Therefore, trivalent iron ions are preferably supplied from ferric sulfate or ferric nitrate.
- ORP oxidation-reduction potential
- an oxidizing agent for controlling ORP may be added as needed or at the beginning to oxidize ferrous ions into ferric ions.
- Oxidizing agents for controlling ORP at this time include hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), persulfates (for example, NaS 2 O 8 2 ⁇ ), ozone (O 3 ), cerium compounds (for example, cerium ammonium sulfate: (NH 4 ) 4 Ce(SO 4 ) 4 ), nitrites (for example, NaNO 2 , KNO 2 ) and the like.
- metavanadate may be supplied as needed when metavanadic acid ions are used as oxidized metal ions.
- the content of oxidized metal ions in the acid treatment liquid is preferably 0.05 to 4 g/L.
- the content of oxidized metal ions in the acid treatment liquid is less than 0.05 g/L, the amount of etching is insufficient, deteriorating desmutting properties.
- the content of oxidized metal ions in a more preferred acid treatment liquid is 0.1 to 1 g/L.
- the acid treatment liquid preferably contains a surfactant.
- Surfactants primarily serve to remove fat and oil components and lubricants remained on the surface of an aluminum can. They also serve to prevent removed fat and oil components and lubricant components from being suspended in a cleaning agent. That is, when fat and oil components and lubricant components are suspended in a cleaning agent, they may be re-adsorbed on the surface of an aluminum can. However, this problem can be avoided in a case where the acid treatment liquid contains a surfactant.
- nonionic, cationic, anionic and zwitterionic surfactants can be used as a surfactant.
- nonionic systems are particularly preferred, and for example, ethoxylated alkylphenol systems, hydrocarbon derivatives, abietic acid derivatives, primary ethoxylated alcohols, denatured polyethoxylated alcohols and the like are preferably used.
- the content of a surfactant in the acid treatment liquid is preferably 0.01 to 10 g/L. In a case where the content of a surfactant in the acid treatment liquid is less than 0.01 g/L, detergency, in particular, a degreasing property is decreased. On the other hand, in a case where it is more than 10 g/L, the acid treatment agent may undergo foam formation, resulting in difficult treatment and further imposing a load on wastewater treatment.
- the content of a surfactant in a more preferred acid treatment liquid is 0.1 to 5 g/L.
- the content of organic sulfonic acid in the acid treatment liquid is preferably 0.01 to 25 g/L. In a case where the content of organic sulfone in the acid treatment liquid is less than 0.01 g/L, a sufficient amount of etching may not be obtained. On the other hand, in a case where it is more than g/L, the liquid stability of the acid treatment liquid tends to be decreased. In view of reducing a drain water load, the more preferred content of organic sulfonic acid in the acid treatment liquid is 0.1 to 5 g/L.
- the amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is 60 to 100 mg/m 2 .
- the amount of etching in the acid treatment step is less than mg/m 2 , etching is insufficient. Therefore, a chemical conversion film and a paint film described below tend not be easily formed on the surface of an aluminum can.
- the amount of etching in the acid treatment step is more than 100 mg/m 2 , etching excessively proceeds. Therefore, whitening may occur on the surface of an aluminum can.
- the amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step can be determined by measuring the mass of the aluminum can before and after the acid treatment step with a precision balance, and dividing the decrement in the mass of the aluminum can before and after the acid treatment step by the surface area of the aluminum can.
- Methods of treating an aluminum can in the acid treatment step include the spray method and the dipping method.
- the treatment time of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is preferably 10 to 90 seconds. In a case where the treatment time of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is shorter than 10 seconds, etching on the surface of the aluminum can tends to be insufficient due to the too short treatment time. On the other hand, in a case where it is longer than 90 seconds, the surface of an aluminum can is excessively etched, resulting in a tendency of accelerated aging of an acid treatment agent.
- the treatment time of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is more preferably 30 to 45 seconds.
- the treatment temperature of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is preferably 30 to 65° C. In a case where the treatment temperature of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is lower than 30° C., the treatment temperature tends to be more difficult to be controlled. On the other hand, in a case where it is higher than 65° C., the energy cost tends to be increased.
- the treatment temperature of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is more preferably 40 to 60° C.
- the aluminum can after the acid treatment step is washed with water according to the conventionally known method, and then subjected to a chemical conversion treatment with a phosphate-based or zircon-based chemical conversion liquid.
- the aluminum can after the chemical conversion treatment is washed with water if necessary, and then subjected to paint treatment.
- Smut and lubricating oil are removed from the aluminum can subjected to the surface treatment by the method of treating the surface of an aluminum can according to the present embodiment. Therefore, a robust chemical conversion film and paint film can be formed.
- an aluminum can prepared was a lidless container having lubricating oil and smut adhered thereon, which was obtained by performing the DI process on a aluminum plate of a 3004 series alloy.
- the resulting material was subjected to a spray treatment at a treatment temperature of 40° C. for 10 seconds using an alkaline treatment liquid adjusted to a pH of 12.5 with sodium hydroxide as an alkaline substance (the alkaline treatment).
- the aluminum can was subjected to a spray treatment at a treatment temperature of 50° C.
- an acid treatment liquid having 1 g/L of ferric ions and 2 g/L of a nonionic surfactant and adjusted to a pH of 1.0 with sulfuric acid as an acidic substance (the acid treatment).
- the source of ferric ions for the acid treatment liquid is ferric sulfate.
- washing was performed with tap water for 15 seconds, and then chemical conversion was further performed (at 40° C., for 12 seconds) with a chemical conversion agent (“Arusafu 450”, Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) under treatment conditions adjusted so that the amount of Zr in the film was 11 mg/m 2 .
- a chemical conversion agent (“Arusafu 450”, Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) under treatment conditions adjusted so that the amount of Zr in the film was 11 mg/m 2 .
- spray washing was performed with deionized water for 5 seconds, and dried for 3 minutes at 195° C.
- the same aluminum can as used in Example 1 was subjected to a spray treatment with an alkaline treatment liquid adjusted to a pH shown in Tables 1 and 2 using an alkaline substance shown in Tables 1 and 2 at a treatment temperature and treatment time shown in Tables 1 and (the alkaline treatment).
- the aluminum can after the alkaline treatment was subjected to a spray treatment with an acid treatment liquid containing ferric ions, a nonionic surfactant and, if desired, organic sulfonic acid (HSO 3 —CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 OH) at concentrations shown in Tables 1 and 2 and adjusted to a pH shown in Tables 1 and 2 at a treatment temperature and treatment time shown in Tables 1 and 2 (the acid treatment).
- an acid treatment liquid containing ferric ions, a nonionic surfactant and, if desired, organic sulfonic acid (HSO 3 —CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 OH)
- Aluminum cans were treated as described above under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the conditions were changed as shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- the alkaline treatment step was not performed, but an aluminum can was washed at the same temperature as that of the acid treatment for 10 seconds using a liquid obtained by diluting the acid treatment liquid to be used in the next acid treatment step into a half of the concentration, and then subjected to the acid treatment step.
- Ferric ions were not contained in the acid treatment liquid for Example 23 and Comparative Examples 13, and a surfactant was not contained in the acid treatment liquid for Comparative Examples 3 and 6.
- the alkaline treatment step was not performed, but a spray treatment was performed at a treatment temperature of 60° C. for 60 seconds with an alkaline degreasing liquid containing a surfactant and a chelating agent and adjusted to a pH of 12.5 using sodium hydroxide as an alkaline substance (the alkaline degreasing treatment). Subsequently, the aluminum can after the alkaline treatment was subjected to the acid treatment step performed under the conditions shown in Table 2.
- the same aluminum can as used in Example 1 was subjected to a spray treatment at a treatment temperature and treating time shown in Table 3 with an alkaline treatment liquid containing an organic acid, a chelating agent, a dispersing agent and a surfactant at concentrations shown in Table 3 and adjusted to a pH shown in Table 3 using an alkaline substance shown in Table 3 (the alkaline treatment).
- the aluminum can after the alkaline treatment was subjected to a spray treatment at a treatment temperature and treatment time shown in Table 3 with an acid treatment liquid containing ferric ions and a nonionic surfactant at concentrations shown in Table 3 and adjusted to a pH shown in Table 3 (the acid treatment).
- Aluminum cans were treated as described above under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the conditions were changed as shown in Table 3. Note that in a case where a surfactant was contained in the alkaline treatment liquid, 2 g/L of a nonionic surfactant was contained. Further, the acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer used in Example 35 is SOKALAN CP5 from Basf Japan.
- the alkaline treatment step was not performed, but the same aluminum can as used in Example 1 was subjected to a spray treatment at a treatment temperature and treatment time shown in Table 3 with an acidic solution containing 0.5 g/L of citric acid. Then, in the acid treatment step, the aluminum can was subjected to a spray treatment at a treatment temperature and treatment time shown in Table 3 with an acid treatment liquid containing ferric ions and a nonionic surfactant at concentrations shown in Table 3 and adjusted to a pH shown in Table 3.
- the mass of an aluminum can before and after the alkaline treatment step was measured with a precision balance.
- the decrement in the mass of the aluminum can before and after the alkaline treatment step was divided by the surface area of the aluminum can.
- the resulting value was taken as the amount of etching, which was evaluated into the following 2 categories. Results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3.
- A less than 50 mg/m 2
- B 50 to 100 mg/m 2
- Transparent adhesive tapes were made adhered on the surfaces of the aluminum cans after the surface treatment obtained from the present Examples, Comparative Examples and Reference Examples. Next, they were removed, and then attached on white mount paper to compare the whiteness of the surfaces of the attached tapes with other parts of the white mount paper. Those in which smut was completely removed without contamination were considered as Good, and evaluated into the following 5 categories depending on the degree of contamination. Results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3.
- Appearance evaluation was performed according to the following criteria after immersing the aluminum cans after the surface treatment obtained from the present Examples, Comparative Examples and Reference Examples in boiling water for 30 minutes. Results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3.
- the surface of an aluminum can be sufficiently etched when the temperature of the acid treatment is increased even in a case where the acid treatment is performed without performing the alkaline treatment. Therefore, the surface of an aluminum can excellent in the appearance, the water wettability, the degree of desmutting and the resistance to boiling-water blackening (corrosion resistance) can be obtained.
- Example 25 when Example 25 is compared with Reference Example 2, good evaluation results are obtained for Example 25 as well as in Reference Example 2 while the treatment temperature of the acid treatment step is lower by 20° C. than that of Reference Example 2. Therefore, even in a case where the acid treatment liquid contained organic sulfonic acid, it was possible to decrease the temperature of the acid treatment step by 20° C. when the alkaline treatment step was first performed prior to the acid treatment step.
- Example 26 when Example 26 is compared with Reference Example 3, good evaluation results are obtained for Example 26 as well as in Reference Example 3 while the treatment temperature of the acid treatment step is lower by 10° C. than that of Reference Example 1. Therefore, even in a case where the acid treatment liquid contained a large amount of organic sulfonic acid (25 g/L), it was possible to decrease the temperature of the acid treatment step by 10° C. when the alkaline treatment step was first performed prior to the acid treatment step.
- Example 27 desmutting of the surface treated aluminum can was found to be better when an organic acid, a chelating agent, a dispersing agent or a surfactant was contained in the alkaline treatment liquid as compared with the case where these were not contained even though the alkaline treatment step was performed under mild conditions (for short time).
- the above results are likely to be caused because smut on the surface of an aluminum can is efficiently removed in a case where the alkaline treatment liquid contains an organic acid, a chelating agent or a dispersing agent, leading to facilitation in the formation of a hydroxide film.
- the alkaline treatment liquid contains a surfactant
- lubricating oil on the surface of an aluminum is efficiently removed, and this likely leads to facilitation in the formation of a hydroxide film.
Abstract
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for treating the surface of an aluminum can, in which an acidic treatment solution that is easy to handle can be used and the energy cost is sufficiently reduced. A method for treating the surface of an aluminum can, which comprises an alkali treatment step of treating the aluminum can with an alkaline treatment solution and an acid treatment step of treating the aluminum can that has been subjected to the alkali treatment step with an acidic treatment solution, wherein the etching amount to be employed in the alkali treatment step is less than 50 mg/m2. It is preferred that the alkaline treatment solution contains at least one ion selected from the group consisting of a sodium ion, a potassium ion and an ammonium ion.
Description
- The present invention relates to a method of treating the surface of an aluminum can.
- Heretofore, aluminium cans such as beverage cans made of aluminum or an aluminium alloy are manufactured by a drawing process called the drawing and ironing process (hereafter referred to as the DI process). Aluminum powder (hereinafter referred to as smut) generated by scraping upon drawing and lubricating oil adhere to the surface of an aluminum cans which are manufactured by the DI process.
- Usually, aluminum cans are subjected to chemical conversion treatment and paint treatment. In order to form a robust chemical conversion film and paint film, an oxide film formed on the surface of an aluminum can needs to be removed by etching after completely removing smut and lubricating oil adhering on the surface of the aluminum can before chemical conversion.
- When performing surface treatment of an aluminum can, an acidic surface treatment liquid (hereinafter may be referred to as an acid treatment liquid) is commonly used, with which the surface of the aluminum can be moderately etched. For example, known is a method of treating the surface of an aluminum can with an acid treatment liquid containing trivalent iron ions in which pH is adjusted to 2 or less with sulfuric acid or nitric acid (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2). Also known is a method of treating the surface of an aluminum can with an acid treatment liquid containing organic sulfonic acid, trivalent iron ions and an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid (for example, see Patent Document 3).
- Note that for surface preparation of an aluminum for can tops instead of an aluminum can, known is a method including performing degreasing associated with etching by treating the surface of an aluminum for can tops made of a 5000-series alloy with an alkaline solution, and then performing acid wash (for example, see Patent Documents 4 to 6).
- Patent Document 1: Japanese Examined Patent Application Publication No. H03-50838
- Patent Document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2000-104185
- Patent Document 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2007-197775
- Patent Document 4: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2003-119570
- Patent Document 5: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2004-18992
- Patent Document 6: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2008-127625
- Meanwhile, in a case where impurities such as magnesium and copper remain on the surface of an aluminum can, a chemical film or a paint coating film may not be uniformly formed on the surface of the aluminum can, which in turn reduces the corrosion resistance of the aluminum can.
- In order to avoid this, it is effective to increase the amount of etching by increasing the rate of etching with an acid treatment liquid. The amount of etching could be increased by increasing a temperature at which treatment is performed with an acid treatment liquid (for example, to 70° C.) However, due to an increased energy cost, it is not preferred to maintain a temperature at which treatment is performed with an acid treatment liquid at a high temperature.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that a temperature at which treatment is performed with an acid treatment liquid can be decreased by treating the surface of an aluminum can with an acid treatment liquid containing organic sulfonic acid. However, even in a case where the acid treatment liquid containing organic sulfonic acid is used, etching may not proceed sufficiently at a low temperature.
- Note that acid wash is performed at a relatively low temperature (for example, at 50° C.) in the surface preparation of an aluminum for can tops disclosed in Patent Documents 4 to 6. In the surface preparation of an aluminum for can tops, a substrate surface is etched by treatment with an alkaline solution performed before the acid wash. The acid wash in this case appears to be intended for removing magnesium segregated on an aluminum surface and for neutralizing an aluminum surface alkalinized by the treatment with an alkaline solution before the acid wash. As described above, the purposes are completely different for the acid wash in the surface preparation of an aluminum for can tops, and for the treatment of etching a substrate surface with an acid treatment liquid performed in the surface treatment of an aluminum can. Suppose an aluminum can is treated under the conditions for the surface preparation of an aluminum for can tops, the amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can would not be controlled, and thus a finishing appearance of the aluminum can may not be controlled. Therefore, the technology for the surface preparation of an aluminum for can tops can not be applied to that for treating the surface of an aluminum can.
- As described above, currently, a method of treating the surface of an aluminum can has not been found in which an acid treatment liquid with easy handling can be used, and the energy cost is sufficiently low.
- The present invention is made in view of the above problems. An objective of the present invention is to provide a method of treating the surface of an aluminum can in which an acid treatment liquid with easy handling can be used, and the energy cost is sufficiently low.
- The present invention relates to a method of treating a surface of an aluminum can. The method includes: an alkaline treatment step of treating the aluminum can with an alkaline treatment liquid; and an acid treatment step of treating the aluminum can after the alkaline treatment step with an acid treatment liquid, in which the amount of etching in the alkaline treatment step is less than 50 mg/m2.
- The alkaline treatment liquid preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium ions, potassium ions and ammonium ions.
- It is preferable that the alkaline treatment liquid is at 40 to 70° C., and a treatment time of the aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is 1 to 30 seconds.
- The alkaline treatment liquid preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of an organic acid, a chelating agent, a dispersing agent and a surfactant.
- It is preferable that the acid treatment liquid contains at least one selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid, and contains 0.05 to 4 g/L of trivalent iron ions, and has a pH of 2 or less, and a treatment temperature of the aluminum can in the acid treatment step is 30 to 65° C.
- A treatment time of the aluminum can in the acid treatment step is preferably 10 to 90 seconds.
- The present invention relates to an aluminum can subjected to a surface treatment by the method of treating a surface of an aluminum can.
- The present invention can provide a method of treating the surface of an aluminum can in which an acid treatment liquid with easy handling can be used, and the energy cost is sufficiently low.
- Below, embodiments of the present invention will be described. Note that the present invention shall not be limited to the following embodiments.
- The method of treating the surface of an aluminum can according to the present invention (hereinafter also simply referred to as the surface treatment method) includes an alkaline treatment step and an acid treatment step. Aluminum cans to be treated by the surface treatment method according to the present embodiment include those made of a 3000-series alloy and the like.
- In the alkaline treatment step, an aluminum can is treated with an alkaline treatment liquid.
- The alkaline treatment liquid removes fat and oil components on the surface of an aluminum can. Further, in a case where an aluminum can after the DI process is treated, the alkaline treatment liquid also serves to remove a lubricant.
- The amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is less than 50 mg/m2. That is, the surface of an aluminum can hardly etched in the alkaline treatment step. In a case where the amount of etching in the alkaline treatment step is 50 mg/m2 or more, etching is difficult to be controlled, resulting in whitening of the surface of an aluminum can. The amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step can be calculated by measuring the mass of the aluminum can before and after the alkaline treatment step with a precision balance, and dividing the decrement in the mass of the aluminum can before and after the alkaline treatment step by the surface area of the aluminum can.
- In order to achieve the amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can of less than 50 mg/m2 in the alkaline treatment step, it is necessary to control the pH of an alkaline treatment liquid, the concentration of an alkaline substance in the alkaline treatment liquid, the treatment time in the alkaline treatment step and the treatment temperature in the alkaline treatment step. More specifically, the amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can be increased by increasing the concentration of an alkaline substance in the alkaline treatment liquid, i.e., increasing the pH of the alkaline treatment liquid, whereas the amount of etching can be decreased by decreasing it. Further, the amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can can also be increased by increasing the treatment time in the alkaline treatment step or increasing the temperature of alkaline treatment whereas the amount of etching can be decreased by decreasing the treatment time or the treatment temperature. Note that all of these factors may not necessarily need to be adjusted, and an amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can of less than 50 mg/m2 may be achieved by adjusting only some of them.
- The alkaline treatment liquid preferably has a pH of 9 to 14. A pH of the alkaline treatment liquid of 9 to 14 can allow a hydroxide film to form on the surface of an aluminum can. The hydroxide film formed on the surface of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step will be dissolved with an acid treatment liquid in the acid treatment step described below. In order to control the amount of etching while allowing a hydroxide film to efficiently form on the surface of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step, the pH of the alkaline treatment liquid is more preferably 10.0 to 13.0.
- The alkaline treatment liquid preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium ions, potassium ions and ammonium ions. These ions contained in the alkaline treatment liquid can form a hydroxide film effectively on the surface of an aluminum can. Sources of sodium ions, potassium ions and ammonium ions include inorganic substances such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate; and organic substances such as sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of organic acids such as gluconic acid and citric acid. These compounds may be used in combination of two or more. The inorganic substances such as sodium hydroxide, which are alkaline, serve as sources of sodium ions, potassium ions or ammonium ions while they also can be sources of hydroxide ions.
- The alkaline treatment liquid is preferably an aqueous solution containing sodium hydroxide. By using strongly basic aqueous sodium hydroxide as an alkaline treatment liquid, a hydroxide film can be formed more effectively on the surface of an aluminum can.
- The concentration of an alkaline substance such as sodium hydroxide in the alkaline treatment liquid is preferably 0.01 to 10 g/L. When the concentration of an alkaline substance in the alkaline treatment liquid is less than 0.01 g/L, a hydroxide film tends not to be easily formed on the surface of an aluminum can. In contrast, when it is more than 10 g/L, whitening may occur due to excessive etching of the surface of an aluminum can.
- Further, the alkaline treatment liquid preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of organic acids, chelating agents, dispersing agents and surfactants. In a case where the alkaline treatment liquid contains an organic acid, a chelating agent, a dispersing agent or a surfactant, smut on the surface of an aluminum can may efficiently be removed, and the formation of a hydroxide film can be promoted even if the alkaline treatment step is performed under mild conditions (for example, at low temperature, for short time).
- Organic acids to be contained in the alkaline treatment liquid can include gluconic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, sorbic acid, succinic acid and the like, and alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts thereof. Among these, the alkaline treatment liquid more preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of gluconic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid and tartaric acid.
- Chelating agents to be contained in the alkaline treatment liquid can include aminocarboxylic acid-based chelating agents, phosphonic acid-based chelating agents and condensed phosphates. Specifically, they include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP), trisodium nitrilotriacetate (NTA), sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and the like. Among these, the alkaline treatment liquid more preferably contains at least one of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP).
- Dispersing agents to be contained in the alkaline treatment liquid can include acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer and a sodium salt thereof, polycarboxylic acid, polyethylene glycol and the like. Among these, the alkaline treatment liquid more preferably contains acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer.
- For a surfactant to be contained in the alkaline treatment liquid, nonionic, cationic, anionic and zwitterionic surfactants can be used. Among these, nonionic systems are particularly preferred. For example, hydrocarbon derivatives, abietic acid derivatives, alcohol ethoxylate, denatured polyethoxylated alcohol and the like are preferably used.
- Further, the alkaline treatment liquid more preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of organic acids, chelating agents and dispersing agents; and a surfactant. That is, preferred combinations of additives to be contained in the alkaline treatment liquid are combinations of at least one selected from the group consisting of organic acids, chelating agents and dispersing agents; and surfactants.
- In a case where a combination of additives as described above are contained in the alkaline treatment liquid, both smut and lubricating oil on the surface of an aluminum can effectively be removed to further promote the formation of a hydroxide film even if the alkaline treatment step is performed under mild conditions (for example, at low temperature, for a short time) as described above. Therefore, in a case where the alkaline treatment liquid contains at least one selected from the group consisting of organic acids, chelating agents and dispersing agents; and a surfactant, consequently, desmutting of an aluminum can after the surface treatment can be further improved even if the alkaline treatment is performed under mild conditions.
- The treatment time of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is preferably 1 to 30 seconds. In a case where the treatment time of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is shorter than 1 second, a hydroxide film tends not to be easily formed on the surface of the aluminum can. On the other hand, in a case where it is longer than 30 seconds, whitening of the surface of the aluminum can may occur due to excessive etching. The treatment time of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is more preferably 3 to 20 seconds.
- The treatment temperature of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step (the temperature of the alkaline treatment liquid) is preferably 40 to 70° C. In a case where the treatment temperature of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is lower than 40° C., a hydroxide film tends not to be easily formed on the surface of the aluminum can. On the other hand, in a case where it is higher than 70° C., whitening of the surface of the aluminum can may occur due to excessive etching. The treatment temperature of an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is more preferably 45 to 60° C.
- There is no particular limitation for methods of treating an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step. Methods of treating an aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step include the spray method and the dipping method.
- Treatment with the aforementioned alkaline treatment liquid may be performed once or multiple times in the alkaline treatment step.
- In a case where treatment with the alkaline treatment liquid is performed multiple times in the alkaline treatment step, the treatment conditions (pH of the alkaline treatment liquid, treatment temperature, treatment time and the like) for each treatment may be the same or may be altered.
- In the acid treatment step, the aluminum can after the alkaline treatment step is treated with an acid treatment liquid.
- A hydroxide film is formed on the surface of an aluminum can without being passivated in the aforementioned alkaline treatment step. Since a hydroxide film is easily dissolved in an acid treatment liquid, the surface of an aluminum can be etched with a low-temperature acid treatment liquid in the acid treatment step. If the surface of an aluminum can were treated in the acid treatment step without performing the alkaline treatment step, the surface of the aluminum can would be passivated. Therefore, the temperature of the acid treatment liquid would need to be increased in order to facilitate etching. A high treatment temperature of an aluminum can (a high temperature of an acid treatment liquid) in the acid treatment step is not preferred because the energy cost in the surface treatment of an aluminum can is too high. In a case where the alkaline treatment step has been performed before the acid treatment step, the temperature of an acid treatment liquid can be lowered by 5 to 20° C. as compared with the case where the alkaline treatment step has not been performed.
- By making the acid treatment possible at low temperature in the acid treatment step, working environment can be improved, and further, a time required to re-start an aluminum-can processing line from the shutdown state can be shortened, leading to improved productivity. Moreover, acid corrosion of equipment can be slowed down, and thus the updating frequency of equipment can be reduced.
- The acid treatment liquid preferably has a pH of 2 or less. When the pH of the acid treatment liquid is more than 2, etching of the surface of an aluminum can tends to be insufficient.
- The acid treatment liquid preferably contains inorganic acid.
- Inorganic acid will serve as an etching accelerator. Specific examples of inorganic acid include sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid, and these inorganic acids may be used alone or in combination. Note that sulfuric acid is more preferably used in view of being free of nitrogen and phosphorus.
- The content of an inorganic acid in the acid treatment liquid is preferably 0.01 to 25 g/L. In a case where the content of an inorganic acid in the acid treatment liquid is less than 0.01 g/L, an etching rate is extremely low. On the other hand, in a case where it is more than 25 g/L, no further improvement is observed for the effect of etching, which is economically disadvantageous. The content of an inorganic acid in a more preferred acid treatment liquid is 0.5 to 20 g/L.
- The acid treatment liquid preferably contains oxidized metal ions.
- Usually, the etching reaction of aluminum in the acid treatment step includes an anode reaction in which aluminum becomes an aluminum ion (Al3+) and a cathode reaction in which H+ in the acid treatment liquid is reduced into ½H2. For this reason, when oxidized metal ions such as ferric ions (Fe3+) are added to the acid treatment liquid, an anode reaction in which the above Fe3+ is reduced into Fe2+ occurs simultaneously as the aforementioned reduction of H+, promoting the etching reaction of aluminum. Further, the adhesiveness of the metal with a chemical conversion film formed by chemical conversion after the acid treatment step is improved in a case where the acid treatment liquid contains oxidized metal ions.
- In addition to ferric ions (Fe3+), oxidized metal ions include metavanadic acid ions (VO3−), ceric ions (Ce4+), cobalt ions (Co5+), stannic ions (Sn4+) and the like.
- According to the present embodiment, trivalent iron ions (ferric ions: Fe3+) are preferably used as oxidized metal ions. Oxidized metal ions are preferably supplied from water-soluble salts such as sulfate or nitrate. Therefore, trivalent iron ions are preferably supplied from ferric sulfate or ferric nitrate. Note that the concentration of ferrous ions (Fe2+) increases as the etching reaction proceeds, and thus an oxidation-reduction potential (hereinafter, ORP) is decreased (also referred to as the aging of a cleaning agent), diminishing a promotion effect of etching an aluminum surface. Accordingly, an oxidizing agent for controlling ORP may be added as needed or at the beginning to oxidize ferrous ions into ferric ions. Oxidizing agents for controlling ORP at this time include hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), persulfates (for example, NaS2O8 2−), ozone (O3), cerium compounds (for example, cerium ammonium sulfate: (NH4)4Ce(SO4)4), nitrites (for example, NaNO2, KNO2) and the like. Note that metavanadate may be supplied as needed when metavanadic acid ions are used as oxidized metal ions.
- The content of oxidized metal ions in the acid treatment liquid is preferably 0.05 to 4 g/L. In a case where the content of oxidized metal ions in the acid treatment liquid is less than 0.05 g/L, the amount of etching is insufficient, deteriorating desmutting properties. On the other hand, in a case where it is more than 4 g/L, no further improvement in detergency can be expected, representing an economical disadvantage. The content of oxidized metal ions in a more preferred acid treatment liquid is 0.1 to 1 g/L.
- The acid treatment liquid preferably contains a surfactant.
- Surfactants primarily serve to remove fat and oil components and lubricants remained on the surface of an aluminum can. They also serve to prevent removed fat and oil components and lubricant components from being suspended in a cleaning agent. That is, when fat and oil components and lubricant components are suspended in a cleaning agent, they may be re-adsorbed on the surface of an aluminum can. However, this problem can be avoided in a case where the acid treatment liquid contains a surfactant.
- As a surfactant, nonionic, cationic, anionic and zwitterionic surfactants can be used. Among these, nonionic systems are particularly preferred, and for example, ethoxylated alkylphenol systems, hydrocarbon derivatives, abietic acid derivatives, primary ethoxylated alcohols, denatured polyethoxylated alcohols and the like are preferably used.
- The content of a surfactant in the acid treatment liquid is preferably 0.01 to 10 g/L. In a case where the content of a surfactant in the acid treatment liquid is less than 0.01 g/L, detergency, in particular, a degreasing property is decreased. On the other hand, in a case where it is more than 10 g/L, the acid treatment agent may undergo foam formation, resulting in difficult treatment and further imposing a load on wastewater treatment. The content of a surfactant in a more preferred acid treatment liquid is 0.1 to 5 g/L.
- The content of organic sulfonic acid in the acid treatment liquid is preferably 0.01 to 25 g/L. In a case where the content of organic sulfone in the acid treatment liquid is less than 0.01 g/L, a sufficient amount of etching may not be obtained. On the other hand, in a case where it is more than g/L, the liquid stability of the acid treatment liquid tends to be decreased. In view of reducing a drain water load, the more preferred content of organic sulfonic acid in the acid treatment liquid is 0.1 to 5 g/L.
- The amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is 60 to 100 mg/m2. In a case where the amount of etching in the acid treatment step is less than mg/m2, etching is insufficient. Therefore, a chemical conversion film and a paint film described below tend not be easily formed on the surface of an aluminum can. In a case where the amount of etching in the acid treatment step is more than 100 mg/m2, etching excessively proceeds. Therefore, whitening may occur on the surface of an aluminum can. The amount of etching on the surface of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step can be determined by measuring the mass of the aluminum can before and after the acid treatment step with a precision balance, and dividing the decrement in the mass of the aluminum can before and after the acid treatment step by the surface area of the aluminum can.
- There is no particular limitation for methods of treating an aluminum can in the acid treatment step. Methods of treating an aluminum can in the acid treatment step include the spray method and the dipping method.
- The treatment time of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is preferably 10 to 90 seconds. In a case where the treatment time of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is shorter than 10 seconds, etching on the surface of the aluminum can tends to be insufficient due to the too short treatment time. On the other hand, in a case where it is longer than 90 seconds, the surface of an aluminum can is excessively etched, resulting in a tendency of accelerated aging of an acid treatment agent. The treatment time of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is more preferably 30 to 45 seconds.
- The treatment temperature of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is preferably 30 to 65° C. In a case where the treatment temperature of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is lower than 30° C., the treatment temperature tends to be more difficult to be controlled. On the other hand, in a case where it is higher than 65° C., the energy cost tends to be increased. The treatment temperature of an aluminum can in the acid treatment step is more preferably 40 to 60° C.
- The aluminum can after the acid treatment step is washed with water according to the conventionally known method, and then subjected to a chemical conversion treatment with a phosphate-based or zircon-based chemical conversion liquid.
- The aluminum can after the chemical conversion treatment is washed with water if necessary, and then subjected to paint treatment.
- Smut and lubricating oil are removed from the aluminum can subjected to the surface treatment by the method of treating the surface of an aluminum can according to the present embodiment. Therefore, a robust chemical conversion film and paint film can be formed.
- Next, the present invention is described in more detail based on Examples. However, the present invention shall not be limited to these. Note that the terms “part” and “%” are all based on mass unless otherwise stated.
- As an aluminum can, prepared was a lidless container having lubricating oil and smut adhered thereon, which was obtained by performing the DI process on a aluminum plate of a 3004 series alloy. The resulting material was subjected to a spray treatment at a treatment temperature of 40° C. for 10 seconds using an alkaline treatment liquid adjusted to a pH of 12.5 with sodium hydroxide as an alkaline substance (the alkaline treatment). Subsequently, the aluminum can after the alkaline treatment was subjected to a spray treatment at a treatment temperature of 50° C. for 40 seconds using an acid treatment liquid having 1 g/L of ferric ions and 2 g/L of a nonionic surfactant and adjusted to a pH of 1.0 with sulfuric acid as an acidic substance (the acid treatment). Note that the source of ferric ions for the acid treatment liquid is ferric sulfate.
- Subsequently, washing was performed with tap water for 15 seconds, and then chemical conversion was further performed (at 40° C., for 12 seconds) with a chemical conversion agent (“Arusafu 450”, Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) under treatment conditions adjusted so that the amount of Zr in the film was 11 mg/m2. After the chemical conversion, washing was performed with tap water for 15 seconds. Then spray washing was performed with deionized water for 5 seconds, and dried for 3 minutes at 195° C.
- In the alkaline treatment step, the same aluminum can as used in Example 1 was subjected to a spray treatment with an alkaline treatment liquid adjusted to a pH shown in Tables 1 and 2 using an alkaline substance shown in Tables 1 and 2 at a treatment temperature and treatment time shown in Tables 1 and (the alkaline treatment). In the acid treatment step, the aluminum can after the alkaline treatment was subjected to a spray treatment with an acid treatment liquid containing ferric ions, a nonionic surfactant and, if desired, organic sulfonic acid (HSO3—CH2CH(OH)CH2OH) at concentrations shown in Tables 1 and 2 and adjusted to a pH shown in Tables 1 and 2 at a treatment temperature and treatment time shown in Tables 1 and 2 (the acid treatment).
- Aluminum cans were treated as described above under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the conditions were changed as shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- Note that the mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid (the mass ratio: 10:1) were used as acidic substances for Example 21 and Comparative Example 11, the mixture of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid (the mass ratio: 10:1) were used as acidic substances for Example 22 and Comparative Example 12, and the mixture of sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid (the mass ratio: 10:1) were used as acidic substances for Example 23 and Comparative Example 13, respectively.
- Further, in Comparative Examples 5 to 15 and Reference Examples 1 to 3, the alkaline treatment step was not performed, but an aluminum can was washed at the same temperature as that of the acid treatment for 10 seconds using a liquid obtained by diluting the acid treatment liquid to be used in the next acid treatment step into a half of the concentration, and then subjected to the acid treatment step. Ferric ions were not contained in the acid treatment liquid for Example 23 and Comparative Examples 13, and a surfactant was not contained in the acid treatment liquid for Comparative Examples 3 and 6.
- In Comparative Example 16, the alkaline treatment step was not performed, but a spray treatment was performed at a treatment temperature of 60° C. for 60 seconds with an alkaline degreasing liquid containing a surfactant and a chelating agent and adjusted to a pH of 12.5 using sodium hydroxide as an alkaline substance (the alkaline degreasing treatment). Subsequently, the aluminum can after the alkaline treatment was subjected to the acid treatment step performed under the conditions shown in Table 2.
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TABLE 1 Acid treatment conditions Alkaline treatment conditions Acidic Alkaline Temperature Time Amount of substance Fe3+ Surfactant substance pH (° C.) (seconds) etching (mass ratio) (g/L) (g/L) Example 1 NaOH 10.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 2 NaOH 11.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 3 NaOH 12.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 4 NaOH 12.5 60 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 5 NaOH 12.5 60 5 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 6 NaOH 12.5 80 3 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 7 NaOH 12.5 40 5 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 8 NaOH 12.5 40 30 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 9 NH3 9.0 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 10 NH3 9.0 40 60 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 11 NH3 9.0 40 80 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 12 NH3 9.0 40 80 A Sulfuric acid 1 0.1 13 Na2CO3 11.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 14 KOH 11.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 15 NaOH 13.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 16 NaOH 12.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 17 NaOH 12.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 18 NaOH 12.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 19 NaOH 12.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 0.1 2 20 NaOH 12.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 3 2 21 NaOH 12.5 40 10 A Sulfuric 1 2 acid/nitric acid (10/1) 22 NaOH 12.5 40 10 A Sulfuric 1 2 acid/phosphoric acid (10/1) 23 NaOH 12.5 40 10 A Sulfuric — 2 acid/hydrofluoric acid (10/1) 24 NaOH 12.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 5 25 NaOH 12.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 26 NaOH 12.5 40 10 A Sulfuric acid 1 2 Acid treatment conditions Organic sulfonic Evaluation results acid Time Temperature Water Desmutting Corrosion (g/L) pH (seconds) (° C.) Appearance wettability properties resistance Example 1 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 3 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 4 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 5 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 6 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 7 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 8 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 9 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 4 5 10 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 11 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 12 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 13 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 14 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 15 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 16 — 0.5 40 50 A 100 5 5 17 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 18 — 2.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 19 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 20 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 21 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 22 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 23 — 1.0 40 30 A 100 5 5 24 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 25 1 1.0 40 40 A 100 5 5 26 25 0.6 40 30 A 100 5 5 -
TABLE 2 Alkaline treatment conditions Acid treatment conditions Alkaline Temperature Time Amount of Acidic substance Fe3+ Surfactant substance pH (° C.) (seconds) etching (mass ratio) (g/L) (g/L) Comparative 1 NaOH 12.5 80 10 B Sulfuric acid 1 2 Example 2 NaOH 12.5 70 60 B Sulfuric acid 1 2 3 NaOH 12.5 80 80 B Sulfuric acid 1 — 4 NaOH 13.5 80 80 B Sulfuric acid 1 2 5 — — — — — Sulfuric acid 1 2 6 — — — — — Sulfuric acid 1 — 7 — — — — — Sulfuric acid 1 2 8 — — — — — Sulfuric acid 1 2 9 — — — — — Sulfuric acid 0.1 2 10 — — — — — Sulfuric acid 3 2 11 — — — — — Sulfuric acid/nitric 1 2 acid (10/1) 12 — — — — — Sulfuric 1 2 acid/phosphoric acid (10/1) 13 — — — — — Sulfuric — 2 acid/hydrofluoric acid (10/1) 14 — — — — — Sulfuric acid 1 2 15 — — — — — Sulfuric acid 1 2 16 Alkaline 12.5 60 60 B Sulfuric acid — — degreasing liquid Reference 1 — — — — — Sulfuric acid 1 2 Example 2 — — — — — Sulfuric acid 1 2 3 — — — — — Sulfuric acid 1 2 Acid treatment conditions Organic sulfonic Evaluation results acid Time Temperature Water Desmutting Corrosion (g/L) pH (seconds) (° C.) Appearance wettability properties resistance Comparative 1 — 1.0 40 50 E 100 5 5 Example 2 — 1.0 40 50 E 100 5 5 3 — 1.0 40 50 E 100 5 5 4 — 1.0 40 50 E 100 5 5 5 — 1.0 40 50 C 90 3 2 6 — 1.0 40 50 C 80 3 2 7 — 0.5 40 50 B 100 4 3 8 — 2.0 40 50 D 80 3 2 9 — 1.0 40 50 C 90 3 2 10 — 1.0 40 50 B 100 4 4 11 — 1.0 40 50 C 90 3 2 12 — 1.0 40 50 C 90 3 2 13 — 1.0 40 30 C 90 3 3 14 1 1.0 40 40 B 90 3 2 15 25 0.6 40 40 A 100 3 3 16 — 3.5 5 50 E 100 3 3 Reference 1 — 1.0 40 70 A 100 5 5 Example 2 1 1.0 40 60 A 100 5 5 3 25 0.6 40 40 A 100 5 5 - In the alkaline treatment step, the same aluminum can as used in Example 1 was subjected to a spray treatment at a treatment temperature and treating time shown in Table 3 with an alkaline treatment liquid containing an organic acid, a chelating agent, a dispersing agent and a surfactant at concentrations shown in Table 3 and adjusted to a pH shown in Table 3 using an alkaline substance shown in Table 3 (the alkaline treatment). In the acid treatment step, the aluminum can after the alkaline treatment was subjected to a spray treatment at a treatment temperature and treatment time shown in Table 3 with an acid treatment liquid containing ferric ions and a nonionic surfactant at concentrations shown in Table 3 and adjusted to a pH shown in Table 3 (the acid treatment).
- Aluminum cans were treated as described above under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the conditions were changed as shown in Table 3. Note that in a case where a surfactant was contained in the alkaline treatment liquid, 2 g/L of a nonionic surfactant was contained. Further, the acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer used in Example 35 is SOKALAN CP5 from Basf Japan.
- Further, in Comparative Example 17, the alkaline treatment step was not performed, but the same aluminum can as used in Example 1 was subjected to a spray treatment at a treatment temperature and treatment time shown in Table 3 with an acidic solution containing 0.5 g/L of citric acid. Then, in the acid treatment step, the aluminum can was subjected to a spray treatment at a treatment temperature and treatment time shown in Table 3 with an acid treatment liquid containing ferric ions and a nonionic surfactant at concentrations shown in Table 3 and adjusted to a pH shown in Table 3.
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TABLE 3 Alkaline treatment conditions Chelating agent, Organic acid Dispersing agent Content Content Surfactant Time Amount of Alkaline substance Species (g/L) Species (g/L) (g/L) pH Temperature (° C.) (seconds) etching Example 27 NaOH — — — — — 10.5 40 5 A 28 NaOH Gluconic 0.5 — — — 10.5 40 5 A acid 29 NaOH Citric acid 0.5 — — — 10.5 40 5 A 30 NaOH Oxalic 0.5 — — — 10.5 40 5 A acid 31 NaOH Malic acid 0.5 — — — 10.5 40 5 A 32 NaOH Tartaric 0.5 — — — 10.5 40 5 A acid 33 NaOH — — HEDP 0.5 — 10.5 40 5 A 34 NaOH — — EDTA 0.5 — 10.5 40 5 A 35 NaOH — — Acrylic acid- 0.5 — 10.5 40 5 A maleic acid copolymer 36 NaOH Gluconic 0.5 — — — 10.5 40 5 A acid 37 NaOH Sodium 0.5 — — — 10.5 40 5 A gluconate 38 NaOH Potassium 1 — — — 10.5 40 5 A citrate 39 NaOH Sodium 1 — — — 10.5 40 5 A citrate 40 NaOH — — — — 0.5 10.5 40 5 A 41 NaOH — — — — 3 10.5 40 5 A 42 NaOH Gluconic 0.5 — — 0.5 10 40 2 A acid 43 NaOH Citric acid 0.5 — — 0.5 10 40 2 A 44 NaOH Gluconic 0.5 EDTA 0.5 3 10 40 2 A acid Comparative 17 — Citric acid 0.5 — — — 3.3 40 5 A Example Acid treatment conditions Organic Evaluation results Acidic Fe3+ Surfactant sulfonic acid Time Temperature Water Desmutting Corrosion substance (g/L) (g/L) (g/L) pH (seconds) (° C.) Appearance wettability properties resistance Example 27 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 4 5 28 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 29 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 30 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 31 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 32 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 33 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 34 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 35 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 36 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 37 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 38 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 39 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 40 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 41 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 42 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 43 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 44 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 A 100 5 5 Comparative 17 Sulfuric acid 1 2 — 1.0 40 50 B 100 4 4 Example - The mass of an aluminum can before and after the alkaline treatment step was measured with a precision balance. The decrement in the mass of the aluminum can before and after the alkaline treatment step was divided by the surface area of the aluminum can. The resulting value was taken as the amount of etching, which was evaluated into the following 2 categories. Results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3.
- A: less than 50 mg/m2
B: 50 to 100 mg/m2 - Whiteness inside the container after drying was visually evaluated. Those having a white appearance which were fully degreased and desmutted and sufficiently etched were considered as Good, and evaluated into the following 5 categories depending on whiteness. Results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3.
- A: Entirely white
B: Partly light gray
C: Overall light gray
D: Partly gray
E: Entirely gray - The container immediately after spray wash with water after the chemical conversion was shaken 3 times to drain off water, and allowed to stand upward for 30 seconds. The water stained area (%) of the outer surface of the container was then measured. Results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3.
- Transparent adhesive tapes were made adhered on the surfaces of the aluminum cans after the surface treatment obtained from the present Examples, Comparative Examples and Reference Examples. Next, they were removed, and then attached on white mount paper to compare the whiteness of the surfaces of the attached tapes with other parts of the white mount paper. Those in which smut was completely removed without contamination were considered as Good, and evaluated into the following 5 categories depending on the degree of contamination. Results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3.
- 5: No contamination
4: Trace level of Contamination
3: Low level of contamination
2: Moderate level of Contamination
1: Significant level of contamination - Appearance evaluation was performed according to the following criteria after immersing the aluminum cans after the surface treatment obtained from the present Examples, Comparative Examples and Reference Examples in boiling water for 30 minutes. Results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3.
- 5: No change in appearance
4: Partly slight blackening
3: Overall slight blackening
2: Partly dark blackening
1: Overall blackening - As clearly understand from comparison and the like of Examples 1 to 11, 13 to 15 and 17 with Comparative Example 5, good results for the appearance, the water wettability, the degree of desmutting, and the resistance to boiling-water blackening (corrosion resistance) of an aluminum can can not be obtained in a case where the acid treatment is performed without the alkaline treatment, as compared with the case where an aluminum can is subjected to the acid treatment after the alkaline treatment. The above results appear to be caused because the surface of an aluminum can is not sufficiently etched in the acid treatment step in a case where the alkaline treatment has not been performed. Note that as shown in Reference Example 2, the surface of an aluminum can can be sufficiently etched when the temperature of the acid treatment is increased even in a case where the acid treatment is performed without performing the alkaline treatment. Therefore, the surface of an aluminum can excellent in the appearance, the water wettability, the degree of desmutting and the resistance to boiling-water blackening (corrosion resistance) can be obtained.
- When Examples 1 to 11, 13 to 15 and 17 are compared with Reference Example 1, good evaluation results are obtained in Examples 1 to 11, 13 to 15 and 17 as well as in Reference Example 1 while the treatment temperatures in the acid treatment step of Examples 1 to 11, 13 to 15 and 17 are lower by 20° C. than that in Reference Example 1. Therefore, it was possible to decrease the temperature of the acid treatment step by 20° C. when the alkaline treatment step was first performed prior to the acid treatment step.
- Further, as clearly shown from comparison of Examples 25 and 26 with Comparative Examples 14 and 15, satisfactory evaluation results can not be obtained in particular for the degree of desmutting and the resistance to boiling-water blackening (corrosion resistance) in a case where the alkaline treatment is not performed even if organic sulfonic acid is contained in the acid treatment liquid. Note that in a case where organic sulfonic acid is contained in an excessive amount, waste fluid treatment of the acid treatment liquid tends to be complicated.
- Further, when Example 25 is compared with Reference Example 2, good evaluation results are obtained for Example 25 as well as in Reference Example 2 while the treatment temperature of the acid treatment step is lower by 20° C. than that of Reference Example 2. Therefore, even in a case where the acid treatment liquid contained organic sulfonic acid, it was possible to decrease the temperature of the acid treatment step by 20° C. when the alkaline treatment step was first performed prior to the acid treatment step.
- Further, when Example 26 is compared with Reference Example 3, good evaluation results are obtained for Example 26 as well as in Reference Example 3 while the treatment temperature of the acid treatment step is lower by 10° C. than that of Reference Example 1. Therefore, even in a case where the acid treatment liquid contained a large amount of organic sulfonic acid (25 g/L), it was possible to decrease the temperature of the acid treatment step by 10° C. when the alkaline treatment step was first performed prior to the acid treatment step.
- Further, even in a case where the alkaline treatment step was performed prior to the acid treatment step as in Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the appearance of an aluminum can was found to deteriorate, resulting in overall graying when the amount of etching was 50 mg/m2 or more in the alkaline treatment step. The above results appear to be caused because etching control is difficult when the amount of etching is increased in the alkaline treatment step.
- Further, as in Comparative Example 16, in a case where etching was sufficiently proceeded in the alkaline degreasing step prior to the acid treatment step as in the surface preparation of aluminum for can tops, the appearance of an aluminum can was found to deteriorate, resulting in overall graying.
- Further, as clearly understand by comparing Example 27 with Examples 28 to 44, desmutting of the surface treated aluminum can was found to be better when an organic acid, a chelating agent, a dispersing agent or a surfactant was contained in the alkaline treatment liquid as compared with the case where these were not contained even though the alkaline treatment step was performed under mild conditions (for short time). The above results are likely to be caused because smut on the surface of an aluminum can is efficiently removed in a case where the alkaline treatment liquid contains an organic acid, a chelating agent or a dispersing agent, leading to facilitation in the formation of a hydroxide film. Further, in a case where the alkaline treatment liquid contains a surfactant, lubricating oil on the surface of an aluminum can is efficiently removed, and this likely leads to facilitation in the formation of a hydroxide film.
Claims (7)
1. A method of treating a surface of an aluminum can, comprising:
an alkaline treatment step of treating the aluminum can with an alkaline treatment liquid, and
an acid treatment step of treating the aluminum can after the alkaline treatment step with an acid treatment liquid,
wherein an amount of etching in the alkaline treatment step is less than 50 mg/m2.
2. The method of treating a surface of an aluminum can according to claim 1 , wherein
the alkaline treatment liquid contains at least one selected from a group consisting of sodium ions, potassium ions and ammonium ions.
3. The method of treating a surface of an aluminum can according to claim 1 , wherein
the alkaline treatment liquid is at 40 to 70° C., and
a treatment time of the aluminum can in the alkaline treatment step is 1 to 30 seconds.
4. The method of treating a surface of an aluminum can according to claim 1 , wherein
the alkaline treatment liquid contains at least one selected from a group consisting of organic acid, a chelating agent, a dispersing agent and a surfactant.
5. The method of treating a surface of an aluminum can according to claim 1 , wherein
the acid treatment liquid contains at least one selected from a group consisting of sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid, and contains 0.05 to 4 g/L of trivalent iron ions, and has a pH of 2 or less, and
a treatment temperature of the aluminum can in the acid treatment step is 30 to 65° C.
6. The method of treating a surface of an aluminum can according to claim 1 , wherein
a treatment time of the aluminum can in the acid treatment step is 10 to 90 seconds.
7. An aluminum can subjected to a surface treatment by the method of treating a surface of an aluminum can according to claim 1 .
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013201803 | 2013-09-27 | ||
| JP2013-201803 | 2013-09-27 | ||
| JP2014-008999 | 2014-01-21 | ||
| JP2014008999A JP5580948B1 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-21 | Surface treatment method for aluminum cans |
| PCT/JP2014/073834 WO2015045855A1 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2014-09-09 | Method for treating surface of aluminum can |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20160230290A1 true US20160230290A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
Family
ID=51579165
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/024,233 Abandoned US20160230290A1 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2014-09-09 | Method for treating surface of aluminum can |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20160230290A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3051005A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5580948B1 (en) |
| KR (3) | KR20170086672A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105579619A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2016115927A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW201518548A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015045855A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109064902A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-12-21 | 武汉天马微电子有限公司 | A kind of display panel and display device |
| US11377741B2 (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2022-07-05 | Mahle International Gmbh | Method for producing a heat exchanger |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109504976A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-22 | 佛山市海明威生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of ferro-aluminum is collinearly cleaned with removing oil solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN110387546A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-29 | 国家电网有限公司 | A kind of cleaning method of aluminum hardware |
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| CN109064902A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-12-21 | 武汉天马微电子有限公司 | A kind of display panel and display device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3051005A4 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
| KR20180031086A (en) | 2018-03-27 |
| JP2015086466A (en) | 2015-05-07 |
| RU2016115927A (en) | 2017-11-01 |
| CN105579619A (en) | 2016-05-11 |
| EP3051005A1 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
| TW201518548A (en) | 2015-05-16 |
| JP5580948B1 (en) | 2014-08-27 |
| KR20170086672A (en) | 2017-07-26 |
| WO2015045855A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
| KR20160052660A (en) | 2016-05-12 |
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