US2043328A - Clinker grinder - Google Patents

Description

June 9,` 1936. D.. J. MossHART 2,043,328

CLINKER GHINDER Filed Aug. 16, 1953 4 ShetS-Shet l F1a. I

, INVENTOR DQNHLD 1. MossHHE-l'.'

R/'JIDI ArroRNEY wlTNEssEs:

June 9, `1936.

D.,J. MossHART CLINKER GRINDER Filed Aug. 1e, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 ad m7@ lN'VENToR v DoNALD d. Messi-ART A'rroRNEy vJung 9, 1936. D. J, MossHART' 2,043,328

' CLINKER @BINDER Filed Aug. 1e, 1933 4 sheets-sheet 4 INVENTOR DONALD J .Massi-m RT.

BY a' n l M ATTORNEY wlTNEssEs:

Patented June 9, 1936 PATENT OFFICE CLINKER GRINDER Donald J. Mosshart, Springfield, Pa., assignor to Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company, East Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application August 16, 1933, Serial No. 685,435 7 Claims. (Cl. 83-12) My invention relates `to combustion apparatus and more particularly to improvements in the means for crushing or grinding the ash and clink- `er coming from furnaces using4 solid fuels.

5 In apparatus of this character heretofore known to me, it is customary to provide a pit or receptacle, into the upper end of which is deposited ash and clinker discharged from the furnace. 'I'he upper end of the pit may be in direct communication with the furnace, or it may be positioned to receive the ashes from a dump grate, the end of achain grate or `in fact any type of fuel burningequipment. Usually, the` ash and clinker are supported in the pit by one or more 1I grinder rolls disposed in the lower portion thereof which, when rotated, also act to reduce the ash and clinker to relatively small particles and remove it from the furnace. The purpose of this type of grinding apparatus is to reduce the ash 20 and clinker to particles small enough to permit its i being handled by modern ash-removing apparatus.

In the installations where the upper portion of c the pit is in direct communication with the furnace, the grinder rolls are so operated as to maintain a substantial head of ash in the pit which j serves to prevent atmospheric air from entering the furnace from `beneath the rolls `and adversely affecting combustion in the furnace. Prior apparatus of this character may be divided into two types: first, those wherein a roll having radial teeth thereon, `and a stationary plate are'disposed in spaced relation and the roll is rotated towardV the stationary plate to grind the clinker and ash therebetween and discharge the ground material from thepit; and second,

those wherein one Nor more pairs of rolls also havspace between `the plate and the roll, by virtue of the action of the teeth.` Theteeth grip the clinker and draw it into the grinding zone and break it up against the stationary plate and discharge the broken clinker from the pit. In this type, it is necessary for proper feeding of the clinker to the grinding zone to provide a relatively large space between the roll and the stationary plate. If the space is too small, large clinkers cannot be firmly gripped by the teeth and hence will slip upward into the pit instead of being wedged down into the space and ground by the coaction of the teeth and plate.

i In the second type, the clinker is positively gripped from both sides by the teeth and is thereby more effectively wedged down into the space 5 :between the rolls. In this type, the clinker is ground up more by compression or crushing action of the rolls than by a tooth action.

The size of the spacebetween the roll and plate of the rst type and the size of the space be- 1o tween the rolls forming a pair of the second-type determine in each Vcase the size of the ground particles. As the coacting rolls forming each pair of the second type positively grip the clinker from both sides, it is obvious that a smaller space 15 between the grindingv surface is required and hence a iiner ash can be produced byl this type than by the first type. Also, the crushing action of the two rolls results in a finer ash. However,

in cases where the ground'ash can be sold for 20 last; neither of the above-described .types can practically produce an ash which is sufficiently fine to meet the requirements. Heretofore, when 25 such a market was found for the ash, the ash would have to be again ground by additional equipment or be crushed further manually.

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved form of grinding mechanisml which 30 can be disposed in the lower portion of the conventional type of ash pit or receptacle which will operate as effectively and .efficiently as the prior types of apparatus and which at the same time will grind or crush the ash and clinker to a sui- 35 ciently fine Adegree to permit its being sold for uses such as are named above, without the necessity of further grinding.

In accordance with a specific yembodiment of my invention, I attain the above objects by pro- 4 viding a grinding mechanism of the second type referredto above wherein a third grinder roll is disposed below the customary pair of grinder rolls and is capable of being moved back and forth about its axis either by virtue of its frictional contact with the streams of ash moved by the other two rolls, or if preferred may be positively oscillated by mechanical means. By reason ofthis construction, the ash is first ground as in prior apparatus, by the coaction of the pair of 50 rolls and` is further ground to a finer degree by" the coaction of each roll of the pair with the third roll disposed therebelow. j I

These and other objects are effected by my invention, as will be apparent from the following 55 description and claims Vtaken in accordance with the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application, in which:

Fig. 1 is a transverse vertical section through a clinker pit showing my improvement asapplied thereto, the section being taken on the line I-I of Fig. 2 and on a larger scale than Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal fragmentary section taken on the line II--II of Fig. 1, certain parts being broken away toillustrate more clearly the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a vertical fragmentary section taken on the line III-111 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detail view on the same scale as Fig. 1 illustrating, in end elevation, the driving mechanism for the grinder rolls;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section taken on the line V-V of Fig. 2, and illustrating an intermediate bearing support for the grinder rolls;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section taken on the line VI--VI of Fig. 2, and illustrating an end bearing support for the grinder rolls;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary detail sectional view taken on the line VII-V11 of Fig. 3, and illustrating the construction of the third grinder roll;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary detail sectional View taken on the line VIII- VIII of Fig. 5, and illustrating the manner of securing the ends of the shafts for the third grinder roll to the intermediate bearings;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary detail sectional view taken on the line D-IX of Fig. 6, and illustrating the manner in which the shaft of the third grinder roll is secured to the end bearings.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Fig. 3 and illustrating a modified. form of construction whereinV the third roll is mechanically oscillated; and Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 4 and showing the driving mechanism for the rolls shown in Fi 10.

teferring now in detail to the construction illustrated, in Figs. 1 to 9 inclusive, it will be observed that I have shown my invention as applied to a stolzer-fired boiler furnace, a portion of which is indicated by the reference numerals I in Fig. 1. The reference numeral II indicates the lower portion of a stoker grate which serves to support the fuel during combustion in a manner well understood by those skilled in the art. 'I'he reference numeral I2 indicates a clinker pit which is disposed transversely of the lower discharge end of the stoker II and receives the ash and clinker as it is discharged.

The clinker pit I2 comprises end walls I3 and I4, respectively, a frontv wall l and a rear wall I6. The ash and clinker is supported within the pit I2 by an ash grinding and removing apparatusv indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral I1. The 'apparatus I1 discharges the ash from the lower portion of the pit I 2 and into the upper portion of an ash storage pit I8, from which the ash may be periodically removed by any suitable ash-removing apparatus (not shown).

The apparatus I1 comprises a pair of rolls I9 and 20 disposed longitudinally of the pit I2 with their axes arranged parallel to one another and in an approximately horizontal plane. 'I'he mechanism I1 also comprises a third roll 2| disposed beneath the rolls I9 and 20 and having its axis arranged parallel to and spaced an equal distance from the respective axes of the rolls I9 and 20.

Each of the rolls I9 and 20 comprises a shaft portion 22 and a detachable grinding portion 23 having radially extending teeth 24 fixed thereon. For the major portion of the length of the shaft 22, it is square in cross-section as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, but, at the ends thereof and at spaced intermediate points, the shaft portions are round to provide journals 25 (see Figs. 5 and 6). the purpose of which are to support the rolls for rotation about their respective axes.

The end journals 25 are disposed within end bearings 26 and 21 carried by bearing supports 28 and 29, respectively, the latter being supported within the end walls I3 and I4, respectively of the clinker pit. Intermediate journals 25 are carried by bearings 30 and 3 I, which are in turn supported respectively by intermediate bearing supports 32 and 33 disposed transversely of the lower portion of the pit I2 at intermediate points, the number of intermediate bearings provided depending upon the length of the pit.

' In Fig. 6, the end bearings 21 and their support 29 are shown in side elevation. As the other end bearings 26 and support 28 are identical in construction with the bearings 21 and support 29, a description of the latter is believed to be suflcient. The bearings support 29 is disposed within a recess in the end wall I4 of the pit and is provided with the pair of bearings 21, 21 which, as stated, receive the journal portions 25 of the shafts of the rolls I9 and 26.

In Fig. 5, I have shown a side elevation of the intermediate bearing support 33 which is identical in construction with support 32. As shown, the intermediate bearing support 33 is secured at its outer ends by suitable bolts 34 to longitudinally extending I- beams 35 and 36 which also serve to support the pit walls. It will be observed o tion comprises a cylindrical shaft or rod 4| fixed at its ends in the bearing supports and a plurality of annular rings 42 loosely mounted on the rod so as to be free to rotate about the rod 4I in either direction (see Fig. '7). The ends of each rod or shaft 4I are fixed to a block 43 by a locking pin 44, and the blocks are detachably held within recesses 45 in their respective bearing supports by plates 46 and.bolts 41. Shims 48 are provided between the plates and blocks to providefor adjustment of the third roll 2| with respect to the rolls I9, 2650 as to vary the size of the particles passing between the third roll and either of the rolls I9 and 28. (See Figs. 5, 6, 8, and 9.) 1

As will be observed from examination of Figs. 2, 3, and 4, the ends of the rolls I9 and 20 extend through the end wall I4 ofthe pit I2 and are operated by a pawl and ratchet mechanism 4l disposed at the outside of the pit. The mechanism 49 comprises ratchet wheels 50 and 5I keyed to the shafts of the rolls I8 and 20, respectively.

Yoke elements 52 and I3 are looselyv mounted u upon the shafts and carry pivoted pawls 5I and 55 engaging `respectively the ratchet wheels 50 and 5I. The upper ends of the yokes 52 and 53 are connected by a link 56 and the yoke 53 is connected to an operating arm 51 which may be connected to any suitable source of power (not shown). As will be readily understood, oscillation of the yokes 52 and 53 by the arm 51 causes the pawls 54 and 55 to impart an intermittent rotary movement to each of the shafts. The movement of the shafts will be toward each other.

The rolls i9 and 20 are prevented from rotating 1 in the opposite direction by means of` pivoted,

catches 58 and 58, carried by the `stationary supporting structure and engaging the lower end of the ratchet wheels 50 and 5I, respectively. The catches 58 and 59 are counterweighted, as indicated at 60, so as to maintain their engagement with their respective ratchet wheels.

In Figs. 10 and 11 I have illustrated a slightly modified form of construction wherein the third rod 21a, instead of being rotated by virtue of its frictional engagement with streams of ash moved downwardly by the pair of rolls as in the previously described modification, is positively oscillated by mechanical means. To this end the roll 2ia is provided with journals 18 which fit within bearings 1I and 12 provided in the intermediate and end bearing supports 82a and 29a respectively. v

The roll 2| a comprises a squared shaft portion 13 on which is fitted grinding sections 14.A 'Ihe roll 2la is provided with an end extension 15.

which extends outside of the-pit wall lla and to which is fixed a lever 16. The lever 16 is tory movement is imparted to the roll 2Ia from the bell crank lever 18 by the arm 18, link 11 and lever arm 16. From the above, it will be seen that as the roll lila is moved clockwise the roll 2ia is moved counter-clockwise; and, as the roll 20a is moved counter-clockwise the roll Zia is moved clockwise.

From the above description, it will be readily.

seen'that I have provided an extremely simple and rugged means for reducing the particles of ash and clinker to a very small size. Ihe material in the pit is first ground by the` coactionA of the pair of rolls i9 and 20 of Figs. 1 to 9 inclusive or lila and 20a of Figs. 10 andll and is further ground and to a very fine degree by the coaction of each of the pair of rolls with the third roll 2i or 2 la, the spaces between each roll of'A the pair and the thirdrroll ybeing substantially less than the space between the rolls comprising the pair. As the third roll is capable of being oscillated in both directions which may be eifectedeither by virtue of its frictional engagement with `the ash propelled downwardby the rolls i8 and 28 as disclosed in Figari-to 9 inclusive vor by virtue of the mechanicalldrive disclosed in Figs. 10 and4 l1; thelsame crushing "action of the ash is had bythe coaction of each of the rolls ofthe pairwithl the `third roll 2| as is had in the initial crushing effected by the coaction of the rolls forming the pair.

i, stage of crushing for material issuing from the tus, first and second toothed rolls rotatable tom the latter andcooperating While I have shown my invention in several forms, it will be obvious tothose skilled in the. artA that it is not so limited',jbut'is susceptible of various other changes and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof. and I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed thereupon as'areimposed by the prior art or as are specificallyset forth in the appended claims.

What I claim is:-

1. In a clinker'grinder for combustion apparatus, cooperating members providing for a` first stage of crushing of material `passing therebetween and including a Atoothed roll and a roll having circumferential groovesfor the teeth of l the iirst stage crusher roll `and cooperating with the latter to provide a second stage of crushing for material issuing from the first stage. said second stage crusher roll'being spaced closer to the first stage roll than the spacing of the latter with respect to the other member of the first stage.

2. In a clinker grinder for combustion apparatus, cooperating members including a roll deof rings disposed in abutting, side-by-slde relation thereon.

3; In a clinker grinder for combustion apparatus, cooperating members defining a first crushing stage for material passing therebetween and including a crusher roll having teeth and a crusher roll spaced closer to the rst stage crusher roll than the members of the'flrst stage and cooperating with the first roll to de- 4 vfine -a' second crushing ystage for material issuing from the first stage, said second crushing stage roll embodying a shaft with a plurality Y of rings disposed thereon in side-by-side relation vand said rings having lateral spacing means 4 so as to define circumferential grooves forithe teeth of the rst stage roll.

4. In a clinker grinder for combustion apparaus, first and second toothed rolls rotatable toward each other to effect a' first stage of crush- 5 ing for material passing therebetween and a third roll provided with circumferential grooves for the teethof the first and second rolls and cooperating with the latter to effect a lsecond first stage,v said third roll being spaced closer to the lrstand second rolls than the spacing of lthe latter.

5.v In a clinker vgrinder for combustion appara- 6 wardeach 'other and defining a first crushing stage, a thirdrollspaced closerV to the respective rst and second rolls than the spacing of a second crushing stagefor material issuing from the first stage, vsaid third roll embodying a shaft.-

side-by-side' relation and the rings having lateral spacing means so as to provide circumferential grooves for -the teeth of the first and second rolls, and means for supporting the shaft and providing for adjustment thereof so as to vary the distance between the third roll and the respective rst and second rolls.

therewith to dene 60 lwitha plurality of rings disposed thereon in l 6. In a clinker grinder for combustion apparatus, first and second toothed Crusher rolls rotatable toward each other, mechanism for imparting intermittent rotary motion alternately to the first and second rolls, said first and second rolls cooperating to provide a rst stage of crushing of material passing therebetween, a third Crusher roll spaced closer to the first and second rolls, respectively, than the spacing of the latter, and means providing for rotation of the third roll in either direction so that it may cooperate with the rotating rst or second roll to rotate in a proper direction to provide a second crushing stage for material issuing from the first stage, said third roll having circumferential grooves for the teeth of the first and second rolls.

7. In a clinker grinder for combustion apparatus, rst and second toothed crusher rolls rotatable toward each other, mechanism for imparting intermittent rotary motion alternately to the first and second rolls, said first and second rolls cooperating to provide a first stage of crushing of material passing therebetween, a third Crusher roll spaced closer' to the first and second rolls, respectively, than the spacing of the latter, and means operated by said mechanism for securing concurrent and opposite rotation of the third roll and the first or second roll to provide a second crushing stage for material issuing from the first stage, said third roll having circumferential grooves for the teeth of the first and second rolls.

DONALD J. MOSSHART.

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