US2051030A - Method and apparatus for smoking - Google Patents

Description

Aug- 18, 1936 J. z. DALINDA K 2,051,030

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SMOKING Filed Feb. 27, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 il 2: iE

INVENTOR- MIS ATTORN EYS Aug. 18, 1936. J. z. DALINDA 2,051,030

METHOD 'AND APPARATUS FOR SMOKING Filed Feb. 27, 1932 2A sheets-sheet 2v n W ATTORN EYS atented Aug. 18, 1936 Application February 27, 1932, Serial No. 595,476

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crmany March 20, 1931 My invention relates generally to a new method and apparatus for smoking and to a process for preparing the necessary productl in a natural or synthetic way and apparatus for using the same.

It is well known that in the burning of tobacco in smoking, such as in a cigar, cigarette or pipe, many products or compounds are formed which have a harmful or irritating eiect upon the .human organs generally, and particularly upon `the mucous membrane in the nasal passages and respiratory organs. Some of these substances are, for example, nicotine, pyridine, ammonia, nitric acid, hydrogen sulphide, prussic acid, collidine which alkaloid is more poisonous than nicotine, and many others such as carbon monoxide which from a practical point of view is one ci the most harmful elements of tobacco smoke. These compounds may either be formed upon the burning of the tobacco and other plants used in this industry or from the burning of the paper and glue in the case of cigarettes. Various means have been suggested for avoiding the disadvantageous eiects of these compounds but none has met with any full success.

- v. There are, of course, other disadvantages in the present methods of smoking, such as the danger of re in lighting the tobacco or in the combustion of the tobacco which is a necessary element. There is also the disadvantage of inhaling fumes; of a relatively high temperature which in itself effects the nasal and breathing passages and is responsible for the many colds contracted by smokers. In this same connection the hot ends of cigarettes, cigars or pipes tend to increase the ow of saliva and other digestive juice and to be absorbed therein and may be indirectly responsible for certain mouth and stomach diseases. problem of disposal of the waste products, such as stubs and ashes.

l Another feature which is not usually considered is that `of the relatively ineihcient use of the full amount of ltobacco in a cigar or cigarette, or even in a pipe, for in any case a considerable portion is wasted.

One ci' the primary objects of my invention is to eliminate the disadvantages stated above. l

Other objects and advantages of my invention will appear from the following description and as illustrated in the drawings.

Myinvention consists essentially in burning or otherwise distillng off or converting to vapors a material which forms a desirable vaporous materlal, such as tobacco, or other plants, such as Also, of course, there is the adding certain substances to a natural smoke product. Such added material may either be similar to and thus increase the percentage of components already present or may be diierent constituents from those present. This compressed material is then utilized for the pleasure i of the user by means of releasing it in suitable amounts into the mouth of the user. Such a means may approximate the size and shape of a cigar or cigarette,l if desired, or other forms y may be used such as a pipe or a central vessel which has exible tubular conductors similar to the narghile. I, of course, do not wish to be limited to any specic method for preparing or using my product. Further, I do not wish to be limited to a specific means for preparing or usingmy product although I have disclosed several specific forms for such a use in my drawings, in which:

Figure l represents a schematic view of an apparatus suitable for producing my compressed product;

Figure 2 represents a cross sectional view of an apparatus for using my compressed material; Figure 3 discloses a modiilcation oflFigure 2;

Figure 4 is another modication of my smok- 35 ing means;

Figure 5 is a detail view o1 Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a cross sectional view of another modification of my smoking means;

Figure 'l is an enlarged cross section taken at 40 'l-l of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is an enlarged cross section taken at 8-8 oi Figure 6; l

Figure 94 is a perspective detail of a portion of the apparatus of Figure 6;

Figure 10 is a broken sectional detail of the apparatus of Figure 6 taken 'along the line IU-i of Figure '7;

Figure 11 is a broken cross sectional detail of l one position of the apparatus of Figure 6;

Figure 12 is another broken cross section of a position of the apparatus of Figure 6; .and

` Figure 13 is also a broken cross sectional detail of a third position of the apparatus of Figure 6.

Referring more particularly to the drawings in reference character I of Figure l denotes 'a retort for carrying on the combustion and formation of my material which is later to be oompressed. This combustion chamber may have at its lower portion 2 a burner or heating means whichmaybeusedtostartorfacilitatethecombustion of the raw material 3 which is shown resting on the trays 4 one above the other. Air maybeadmlttedat2ifdesiredandashesor refuse removed therefrom. 'I'hesc trays may be Vare knocked out or removed from the distillate.

In this vessel I I and those described later the condensed or segregated material may be collected and removed and used as desirable byproducts. 'I'he remaining gaseous material then passes through the conduit I2 which is controlled by the valve I3. This conduit has in it filters, sorubbers or washers I4 for removing certain other of the undesirable constituents. Those filters may have on them or consist of certain catalytic or treating materials, if desired, for removing or converting undesired constituents or for giving to the gaseous material certain desirable added properties, such as color, aroma orvitamized characteristics. This catalytic or other treatment may also consist in so modifying the distillate that it tends to equalize the vaporization points of the several constituents and thus permits upon revaporization ofthe compressed product a gaseous material having substantially all the characteristics of the distillate prior to compression. For example, carbon-monoxide may either be removed or converted to carbondioxide. In certain cases it has been found desirable to treat the gaseous material with ultraviolet, infra-red rays or other radiations and emanations to vitalize them to a desired degree, and such treatments may take place, if desired, at this point prior to compression or may be given to the material after compression. In certain cases it has been round desirable to add to the product either before or after compression certain desirable microscopic health promoting organisms, or such certain bacteria not alone to help the peculiarity of the avor of the gas because tobacco ilavor can be substantially regulated by bacteriological method, but also to serve asa desirable safeguard against the development of other bacterias, which may develop and produce undesirable effects, or even help against chemical changes. The material from the condenser I5 may again be passed through an apparatus I6 controlled by valve I1 and again treated or filtered before passage to the condenser I9. This step or sequence of. steps can be employed as many times as necessary. From this last vessel the material is drawn off through the line into a compressing means 2| which I have illustrated in a conventional fashion. This compressing means may be tted if desired with ball valves 22 and the compressed material passed through the line 23 into a receiver 24. The compressed material may then be withdrawn through the line 25 controlled by the valve 26 and put into dispensing containers aosaoso which like reference characters denote like parts',

21,asshownin1ligmes2,4and6. Buchan industrial oxidation,V in particular burning. of the raw material permits the accurate zoning of the heat in separate furnace compartments along the retorts which may be tubular or trays as shown, together with varied methods of withdrawing vapors and gases. This loperation may be carried on under pressure or under vacuum if desired, and in the presence of reducing gases. Buch oxidation allows full control and regulation of the heat applied. Other methods of extracting the desired compoimd may be used.

The apparatus shown in Figure 2, and the remaining gures ofthe drawings relate to certain specific means for utilizing the compressed material. The apparatus of Figure 2 consists essentially of a tubular portion 29 threaded to another tubular portion 29.' 'I'he container 21, it is seen, ilts into the outer part 29. The curved end of the part 2l is adapted t0 be inserted into the 20 mouth. A cap 39 lscrews on to the container 21 and may be used to turn the container within the part 23 and turn on or shut off the ilow of the material from within the container. The neck of the container 21' is shown threaded into acap 3l which is fixed in the portion 29. This cap has in it a small hole 32 which is adapted to rest in line with a hole 32' in the neck of the container 21 upon proper turning of the container. The expanded combustion material passes from the chamber 23' in the portion 23 through the ducts 33 into the expansion chamber 34 in the portion 29 and thence through the duct 35 into the chamber 39 from which it may be withdrawn through the orifice 31 into the mouth. I have shown ducts 39 which connect the duct 35 with the air so'that upon drawing out of the duct 31, a regulated amount o1' air will be mixed with the expanded combustion material. vent a backward flow into the expanding chamber 34, I have equippedthe container with a check valve 39. This valve 39 opens upon sucking out the gases while preventing the outward ilow of such gases from the chamber 34 without such sucking by the user. The valve normally remains in closed position.

In Figure 3 I have disclosed a modification of the expansion chamber 36. In this f orm I utilize a coil 40. I have also shown in Figure 3 a modification 4I which simulates a cigarette or cigar' end and may even be arranged'to permit the out flow of smoke. This portion may be used in a similar fashion to the cap for turning on -or shutting oif or otherwise regulating the flow of combustion material.

In Figure 4 I have disclosed another modification of my means for using the compressed material. This consists in an outer shell 42 which may be formed similarly to a cigarette or cigar holder. The container 21 is shown inserted in this shell. 'I'he cap 43 is threaded into the container and may be used to close the same or to simulate a lighted end of a cigarette. The container may be threaded into the outer shell, as shown at 44. Duets 45 permit the inward passage of air into the expansion chamber 45' which may also be iltted with a check valve as shown at 39 of Figure 2. 46 designates a valve which is shown in detail in FigureA 5. This valve may be opened and closed 4by means of the connection with the forked arm* 41 which is moved by the lips pressing on the lever at 43. This lever is pivoted as shown at 49. 'I'he compressed material passes out through the opening 59 into the expansion In order to prechamber 45 where it mixes with air passing into the ducts 45. 'Ihe compressed smoke may then be drawn out through the orice 58' into the mouth. By releasing the pressure of the lips against the lever 48, the valve 46 will be closed and the supply of smoke cut od.

I have shown a device in Figures 6 to 13, inclusive, which is a preferred form of my smoking apparatus. This device consists primarily oi a` part, or central section a mouthpiece 52 and the container on unit 53, containing the compressed material 53' which is set into the central section 5i. 'Ihe unit containing the compressed material 53' is fitted with a neck portion 54 and mother sleeve 59 which have small openings orl oriccs 55 and 59'. The mouthpiece is iitted to the central part 5l in sucha manner that it has a longitudinal movement and is adapted to be relatively easily moved in and out along the portion 5l into three positions, and it is by means of this positioning of the mouthpiece that permits a certain quantitybf smoke to be released from the container 53 expanded and mixed with air, if desired, and drawn into the mouth of the user. I have shown for this purpose indentations on the central portion 5I and embossments on the mouth piece 58 which iit into the indentations and by a slight pull or push may be changed from one position to another. Other means, as for instance by rotation or by pressure of the lips, of course may be used for permitting this movement.

The central portion 5i has in its upper inner part an inner cylindrical well as shown in the drawings by the reference character 58. This inner well 58 has at its lower edge a projecting ring 58' which will be later described in connection with limiting the movement of the mouthpiece 52. Inserted in this inner cylindrical portion 58 there is the part 59 which caribe seen particularly in the cross sections of Figures 7 and 8. This part is preferably made4 square or flat sided to prevent turning and is inserted into 58 so that the threaded neck portion 54 may be screwed into it to such a point that the oriiice 55 of the neck is in line with a small oriiice 59' in the part 59 which is further in linewith the oriiice 58 in the,cylindri cal inner section 58.

The container 53 is adapted to be sold together with the mother sleeve 59 which is screwed on the neck portion. In this way the mother sleeve 59 covers the orice 55 of the neck and its own orifice 59 is not in the aligment with the orifice of the neck. When the container 53 is inserted in 58 up to the limit, the container 53 is screwed out from its mother sleeve until both orifices 55 and 59' are in alignment which is ascertained by the embossment and indentation meshing at the point 51. When smoking is interrupted 53 could be screwed back in the mother sleeve and taken out from the holder.

In addition to the upper ilange of the inner cylindrical portion 58 which connects it to the outer shell 5l, there are vertically extended segments 60 which join the inner cylinder with the outer cylinder and extend from' the lower abutting ring 58' upward to somewhat less than the upper ring so that an 'opening 8| is left between each of the segments 60 and the upper ring, or flange, of 58. These segments and the openings above them will later be described in connection with dispensing a given amount of compressed material into the expanding chamber portions of my device.

Connected to the mouth piece 52 there is an extending tube 62 which expands into a ilange 53 acting as a piston within the outer shell 5i. Connected to this flange at one portion there is the arm 85 which has at its upper end a downwardly extending portion 65, the purpose of which is to limit the movement of the mouthpiece and tube 52 by bearing against the upper ange 58 an upwardly extending continuation of 51 and bears against the outer `surface of the inner cylinder. The part 69 is connected to 68 and fills transversely the chamber formed by the seg- 'ments 60. and the cylinder Walls 5i and 58. The upper part of 58 and the part 59 are adapted to operate as pistons between the side wall segments 6@ and act as the lower and upper limits with these segments to form a small chamber. The vertical portion 58 has in it a small orifice 1Q which, when properly positioned, will be in line with the orifice 55. It should be noted that when the mouthpiece and tubular portion 62 are positioned in their furthest upward movement that the side wall segments 60 do not cover the sides of the chamber formed by the parts 66, 68 and 69. The operation of this portion'of the apparatus will be described later.

At the lower portion of the tube 62 there are theorices 1I which connect the inner portion of the tube with the expansion chamber 12. There are also the orifices 13 in the tube which are permanently in alignment withthe orii'lces 14 in the mouthpiece and permit a free opening between the chamber i2 and the ducts' 15 when the tube 62 is positioned at an intermediate point in alignment with the oriiices 16 in the lower portion of the central cylinder 5l. This positioning takes place-when the mouthpiece is placed in an intermediate position as shown in Figure 13. It is to be noted that the oriiices16 are in an upwardly extending collar connected with the inner central cylinder 5| which encloses the tube 52.

The equalizing piston 11 also encircles the tube4 62 and is adapted to freely move along the tube and within the cylinder formed by the central portion 5l. Its lower movement may be limited by- I the abutment 18 on the tube 62 which also acts to limit the outward movement of mouthpiece 52.

. iied form which may have certain advantages. In

this arrangenm'ent I have a cylinder head 80 which is adapted to move within the container 53 to retain the gases or compressed vapors therein. In

order to compensate for the diminution in their volume and to maintain a constant pressure. I

have placed the spring 8l in such a position that it will continually force the cylinder head down through the cylinder and tend to keep an even pressure therein. Qther such meansmay be used. The oriiices I2 equalize's the pressure back oi the head with the outer air. n

I have also shown an opening 83 which permits the determination of the position of the cylinder head and thus allows the relativeamount of material still in the container to be determined. In order to facilitate this determination, I may use a small roller 34 containing a tape or any material which may indicate, either by color or figures, or other means, the relative amount of material in the container. 'I'his is accomplished by passing the tape over a pulley 85 and connecting it to the cylinder head as at 8B.

'Ihe operation of my device is as follows:

Container 53, together with its mother sleeve 55 of the neck portion 54, is inserted in the upper central part 5l of the cylinder 5|. An upwardly unscrewing of the container 53 from the mother sleeve 53 until the limits of the embossment 51 will place the orifices 55 and 5 5' in line. This may be indicated by the alignment of the embossments and recess 51. The mouthpiece 52 is then moved outwardly as far as it will go which movement is limited bythe portions 65 and 61 bearing against the extending ring 58' and by the extending collar of the cylinder 5l against the ring 1l. This position'is shown in detail in Figure 11. It is seen that the orinces 55, 55258" and 10 are then in alignment and the compressed material thus permitted to ilow into the chamber 1li' formed by the side walls 5D, 68 and 69, the upper portion of 65 and the cylinder wall 5l. When this chamber has been iilled, the mouthpiece is moved inwardly as far as it will go. This movement positions the chamber 10' beyond the side walls 60 andpermits the compressed material therein to ilow into the chamber 53' which opens into the tube 52 and thus'ilows into its inner portion 62'. Expansion takes place in` this chamber and the released distillate flowing out through the oriilces 1I into another expansion chamber 12. The expansion may be such that the cylinder head 11 is forced along the tube 62 and beyond the openings 19 unless the openings are located near the ange G3. The gases thus become ,equalized in pressure with the outer air. This positioning is shown in detail in Figure 12. It is to be noted that the expanded material cannot be drawn into the mouth of the user through the duct 15 as the orices 13, 14 and 16 are not in alignment.

The mouthpiece is then moved to an intermediate position as shown in Figure 13 in which the oriilces 13, 14 and 16 are in alignment. The user in drawing on the mouthpiece then draws the expandedmaterial out through the duct 15 and also may in certain cases with proper -arrangementdraw with it a desirable amount of air which is entered through the orice 19. This, of course, draws back the cylinder head 11. The operation may then be repeated' at the will of the user. This operation may be carried on merely by holding the mouth piece in the mouth and by moving the central portion 5I back and forth by the hand or by the lips. The flow of compressed material may be stopped at any time by moving the mouthpiece against the central portion 5I due to the downwardly extending part1 covering the oriilce 55 when in this position or by screwing the mother sleeve 59 on the neck 54 oi the unit 53 which enables one to take out the unit 5l from the holder 52 with loss of compressed material. Thus, the device may be laid down and when not in use no loss of compressed material will take place except when in use and at the will of the user.

It is seen, therefore, that it is possible to regulate the pressure under which the smoking products would be sucked in by the user and also thatthe smoking product or mpressed vapors. cannot escape of its own accord but is regulated by the user. 'I'he products ilrst pass to a distributing chamber and then into a pressure equalizing chamber where in certain cases they may be mixed with air. Then they pass into the mouth of the user as desired. My device may be modied in these details without departing from the spirit of my invention. If desired, the container may be doubled-walled or otherwise adapted to protect it against changes in temperature. The container and smoking apparatus may be made from any suitable material. ,e

In general, therefore, I have developed a smoking process which makes use of all the constitu- 20 ents of the combustible and distillate material inasmuch as the vaporous or gaseous distillate portions may be compressed in such a manner as to be used in my smoking device. The waste product; from the combustion, such as Athe ash, 25

For' example, the nicotine separated has valuable 30 uses as an insecticide and may all be recovered and sold if desired. Pyriden recovered may be used as a denaturant. Resins and wax may also be used. In other words, by my process the oombustion may be completely regulated and the con- 35 ditions controlled so that the most advantageous operation will be carried out, whereas in the ordinary methods not only is a considerable portion of the material to be burned, actually wasted, but nearly all of the valuable lay-products are lost. Furthermore, the vaporous products may be treated to give them any desirable characteristics. The noxious constituents may be removed or if desired a certain portion of them may be allowed to remain to give their usual palliative eil'ective as present in ordinary smoking. As I have already stated, they may be treated in difierent ways to give them desirable characteristics. I do not wish to be limited solely to the compression of my combustion gases. It may be found desirable to absorb them in some material which will release them when desired. Such a material might be an absorbent, dry material or gel such as a silica gel, or air absorbent liquid may be used. It may also be compressed to a solid or liquid form under certain conditions.

All of the usual disadvantageous characteristics of smoking have been eliminated by my method of smoking. It is not necessary for the user to carry on any combustion whatsoever. Furthermore, smoking by my method makes it possible to eliminate all of the dangerous characteristics of ordinary cigarette, cigar or pipe smoking in regard to the health of the user. The smoke which is drawn in by the user will be cool and may be ncnpoisonous and thus will not tend to irritate the nasal passages.

I further do not wish to be limited solely to the use, of tobacco. As I have already described, 70

use the tobacco and other materials soon after 1. A new product comprising tobacco smokecompressed to a relatively small fraction of its original volume to provide in highly concentrated form the desirable constituents, only or tobacco smoke.

2. A combination comprising tobacco smoke compressed to a relatively small fraction ot its` original volume and a receptacle adapted to cone ilne said compressed smoke.

JOSEPH Z. DALINDA.

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