US2120185A - Refrigerating apparatus - Google Patents

Refrigerating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2120185A
US2120185A US746682A US74668234A US2120185A US 2120185 A US2120185 A US 2120185A US 746682 A US746682 A US 746682A US 74668234 A US74668234 A US 74668234A US 2120185 A US2120185 A US 2120185A
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Prior art keywords
evaporator
refrigerant
valve
pressure
evaporators
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US746682A
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Lawrence A Philipp
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American Motors Corp
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Nash Kelvinator Corp
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to refrigerating systemsand particularly to refrigerating system known as the multiple system in which a plurality of evaporators are connected with a single com- 5 pressorcondenser unit.
  • the cabinet 20 is herein shown as an ice cream cabinet and the cabinet 2
  • the cabinet 21 contains water which is used as a heat exchange medium for conducting heat from the circulating water in water coil 24.
  • An evaporator 26 is immersed in the brine in cabinet 20 and an evaporator 21 is immersed in the water in cabinet 2 I.
  • a compressor 36 is utilized for withdrawin gaseous refrigerant from evaporators 26 and 21. This gaseous refrigerant is conducted from evaporator 26 by a pipe 31 and a pipe 32.
  • Gaseous refrigerant is conducted from evaporator 21 through a pipe 33, valve 34, pipe 35 and pipe 32.
  • the refrigerant after being compressed by the compressor 30 is conducted to a condenser 31 wherein it is cooled and liquefied and then drains to a receiver 38.
  • the liquefied refrigerant is conducted from the receiver 38 through a pipe 39 and an expansion valve 40 into the evaporator 21.
  • the liquefied refrigerant is conducted from the receiver.38 through pipes 39 and 42 and'an expansion valve 43 to the evaporator26.
  • the expansion valve 40 may be of any suitable type and is herein shown as the pressure type which the is well known in the art.
  • the operation of the compressor causes the water adjacent the evaporator 21 to freeze and the bulb 48 is disposed within the cabinet in such a position that the water therein will freeze vbefore the water adjacent the coil 24 freezes.
  • the water in bulb 48 freezes and consequently expands, it will cause the oil in tube 41 and casing 36 to force the valve 46 downwardly and thereby positively shut off the flow of gaseous refrigerant from evaporator 21.
  • the expansion valve 43- is also the pressure operated type but it is adjusted so that it will not operate until a relatively low pressure is attained in evaporator 26. In fact no liquid refrigerant will pass therethrough as long as the valve' 46 is open. After the valve 46 is closed and the compressor 30 is functioning'to reduce the pressure on the low side of the refrigerating system, the pressure within the evaporator 26- will be decreased sufliciently to open the valve 43 substanw tially immediately and thereafter the valve 43 tends to'maintain a constant low pressure within the evaporator 26. r
  • valve 46 closes the outlet of evaporator 21 and then the pressure within the low pressure side of the system will be reduced sufilciently to open the valve 46 and cause refrigeration within the evaporator 26.
  • the evaporator 21 is first satisfied and at no time is there a demand on the compressor for refrigerating both evaporators simultaneously.
  • valve 46 Although the valve 46 is closed and the refrigerating system is operating to cool evaporator 26 and then there is a demand for refrigeration by evaporator 21, the valve 46 will open and due to the fact that the pressure within evaporator 21 is higher than the pressure within evaporator 26, the opening of the valve 46 will cause an increase in pressure in evaporator 26 to close the valve 48.
  • the valve 43 When the valve 43 is closed, the work done by the compressor is concentrated upon evaporator 21 and will remain in that state until the refrigeration demand is satisfied by evaporator 21 at which timezthe valve 46 will close and refrigeration will then be resumed on evaporator 26.
  • the compressor is intermittently operated.
  • Compressor 30 is driven by a motor 60 and the motor is started and stopped by a snap acting controller 6
  • the circuit to the motor includes wire 62, controller 6
  • This controller is operated to open and close the motor circuit individually either by the temperature prevailing in cabinet 20 or the temperature prevailing in cabinet 2
  • Two pressure operated bellows 68 and 66 are included in the controller. Either of these bellows is arranged to actuate the controller for starting and stopping the motor 66.
  • and bellows 69 will cause the controller to complete the motor circuit and if thereis no demand fonnafrigeration by cabinet 20, after the demand for refrigeration in cabinet 2
  • the motor will remain operative until the refrigeration demand in cabinet 26 is satisfied.

Description

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 5', 1954 INVENTOR. Lamas/ms l2 P/l/L/PP ATTO NEY.
Patented June 7, 1938 UNITED STATES 2,120,185 REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Lawrence A. Phillpp, Detroit, Mich.', assignor, by
mesne assignments, to Nash-Kelvinator Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Maryland Application October 3, 1934, Serial No. 746,682
3 Claims.
The present invention relates to refrigerating systemsand particularly to refrigerating system known as the multiple system in which a plurality of evaporators are connected with a single com- 5 pressorcondenser unit.
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a refrigerating system employing a plurality of evaporators and a single compressor condenser unit and employing mechanism for preventing the flow of refrigerant through one of the evaporators when the temperature of the medium cooled thereby is reduced to a desired predetermined minimum and employing mechanism which prevents the flow of refrigerant through another of the evaporators until gaseous refrigerant is no longer withdrawn from theflrst mentioned evaporator.
In carrying out this object it is a further object of the present invention to adjust the expansion valve of the colder or coldest of a plurality of evaporators in such a manner that it will not A admit vaporizable refrigerant to its evaporator until refrigeration by the warmer evaporator or evaporators is completed.
Further objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing wherein a preferred form of embodiment of the present invention is clearly shown. The drawing is a diagrammatic view of improved refrigerating system.
For the purpose of illustrating one form of the invention, I have provided two refrigerator cabinets, 26 and 2 I. The cabinet 20 is herein shown as an ice cream cabinet and the cabinet 2| as a water cooler. Brine is contained in the cabinet 20 and surrounds the ice cream can sleeves 23. The cabinet 21 contains water which is used as a heat exchange medium for conducting heat from the circulating water in water coil 24. v An evaporator 26 is immersed in the brine in cabinet 20 and an evaporator 21 is immersed in the water in cabinet 2 I. A compressor 36 is utilized for withdrawin gaseous refrigerant from evaporators 26 and 21. This gaseous refrigerant is conducted from evaporator 26 by a pipe 31 and a pipe 32. Gaseous refrigerant is conducted from evaporator 21 through a pipe 33, valve 34, pipe 35 and pipe 32. The refrigerant after being compressed by the compressor 30 is conducted to a condenser 31 wherein it is cooled and liquefied and then drains to a receiver 38. The liquefied refrigerant is conducted from the receiver 38 through a pipe 39 and an expansion valve 40 into the evaporator 21. The liquefied refrigerant is conducted from the receiver.38 through pipes 39 and 42 and'an expansion valve 43 to the evaporator26. The expansion valve 40 may be of any suitable type and is herein shown as the pressure type which the is well known in the art. This type of valve tends to maintain a constant pressure within the evaporator, that is it opens when the pressure within the evaporator is reduced to a predetermined minimum by the compressor and increases and decreases the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator as the press e decreases and increases respectively in the e aporator. One form of such expansion valve is shown in the patent to Slagel 1,742,323.
The flow of gaseous refrigerant from evaporator 21 is controlled by a shut off valve 34 and this valve is actuated by a pressure system. The valve includes a metallic bellows 45 inclosed in a casing 36. The bellows 45 is arranged to raise and lower the valve proper 46. When the pressure in the casing 36 is increased, the bellows 46 will collapse to close the valve 46 on its seat. The casing 36 is connected by a tube 41 with a bulb 48. The bulb 48 contains a freezing solution such as water and a quantity of oil is placed within the casing 36 and tube 41.
The operation of the compressor causes the water adjacent the evaporator 21 to freeze and the bulb 48 is disposed within the cabinet in such a position that the water therein will freeze vbefore the water adjacent the coil 24 freezes. When the water in bulb 48 freezes and consequently expands, it will cause the oil in tube 41 and casing 36 to force the valve 46 downwardly and thereby positively shut off the flow of gaseous refrigerant from evaporator 21.
The expansion valve 43- is also the pressure operated type but it is adjusted so that it will not operate until a relatively low pressure is attained in evaporator 26. In fact no liquid refrigerant will pass therethrough as long as the valve' 46 is open. After the valve 46 is closed and the compressor 30 is functioning'to reduce the pressure on the low side of the refrigerating system, the pressure within the evaporator 26- will be decreased sufliciently to open the valve 43 substanw tially immediately and thereafter the valve 43 tends to'maintain a constant low pressure within the evaporator 26. r
From the foregoing it is apparent that I have provided a multiple refrigerating system in which the compressor-condenser unit need be of such size only for efficient cooling of the evaporator having the largest demand for refrigeration. The compressor condenser unit is connected first to one of the evaporators and satisfies the demand of that evaporator and, after that demand issatisfied, it is then connected to the other evaporator. For example if there is a demand for refrigeration by the water-cooler, valve 46 will be opened and the compressor-will withdraw the gaseous refrigerant from evaporator 21 only. At this time the gas generated is suflicient to demand the full attention of compressor 36. Afterthe demand is satisfied, the valve 46 closes the outlet of evaporator 21 and then the pressure within the low pressure side of the system will be reduced sufilciently to open the valve 46 and cause refrigeration within the evaporator 26. Under certain conditions there may be a simultaneous demand for refrigeration by evaporators 26 and 2 1. However under this condition the evaporator 21 is first satisfied and at no time is there a demand on the compressor for refrigerating both evaporators simultaneously. Although the valve 46 is closed and the refrigerating system is operating to cool evaporator 26 and then there is a demand for refrigeration by evaporator 21, the valve 46 will open and due to the fact that the pressure within evaporator 21 is higher than the pressure within evaporator 26, the opening of the valve 46 will cause an increase in pressure in evaporator 26 to close the valve 48. When the valve 43 is closed, the work done by the compressor is concentrated upon evaporator 21 and will remain in that state until the refrigeration demand is satisfied by evaporator 21 at which timezthe valve 46 will close and refrigeration will then be resumed on evaporator 26.
In order to maintain desired temperatures, the compressor is intermittently operated. Compressor 30 is driven by a motor 60 and the motor is started and stopped by a snap acting controller 6|. The circuit to the motor includes wire 62, controller 6|, wire 62, motor 66 and wire 64. This controller is operated to open and close the motor circuit individually either by the temperature prevailing in cabinet 20 or the temperature prevailing in cabinet 2| and likewise conJointly operated by the temperature prevailing in both cabinets. For this purpose there is provided a thermostat 66 incabinet 20 and a thermostat 61 in cabinet 2 I. Two pressure operated bellows 68 and 66 are included in the controller. Either of these bellows is arranged to actuate the controller for starting and stopping the motor 66. A pressure tube 60 connects thermostat bulb 66 with bellows 68 and a pressure tube6| connects thermostat bulb 61 with bellows 66. If there is a demand for refrigeration in cabinet 20, a volatile fluid in bellows 66 will expand and cause the bellows 68 to close the motor circuit. If there is no demand for refrigeration by evaporator 21, then the thermostatic system 66, 66 and 68, will break the motor circuit when the refrigeration demand in cabinet 26 is satisfied. Likewise, if there is a demand for refrigeration by cabinet 2|, the thermostatic system containing volatile fluid including bulb 61, tube 6| and bellows 69 will cause the controller to complete the motor circuit and if thereis no demand fonnafrigeration by cabinet 20, after the demand for refrigeration in cabinet 2| is satisfied, the thermostatic system 61, 6| and 66 will operate to interrupt the motor circuit. However, as previously explained, if there is a demand for refrigeration after completion or satisfying the demand of cabinet 2|, the motor will remain operative until the refrigeration demand in cabinet 26 is satisfied. The thermostatic system 61, 6| and 68 is adjusted so that it will not actuate the controller to complete the motor circuit until after-the valve 46 is open and it will interrupt the motor circuit, when there is no demand for refrigeration by cabinet 26, Just prior to the closing of valve 46.
While the form of embodiment of the present invention as herein described constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow:
I claim as my invention:
1. A refrigerating system comprising in combination, a plurality of evaporators each having an inlet for liquid refrigerant and an outlet for gaseous refrigerant, means for withdrawing gaseous refrigerant from the evaporators and for condensing the same and for conducting the condensed refrigerant to the evaporators, means at the outlet end of one of said evaporators for interrupting the fiow of refrigerant through said evaporator after the medium cooled thereby is reduced to a predetermined temperature, the operation of the interrupting means causing said first means to direct its withdrawing action primarily to the other evaporator to decrease the refrigerant pressure therein to below the pressure in the first evaporator substantially immediately after the second means is rendered effective, and means responsive to said reduced pressure in said other evaporator forstarting the flow of refrigerant through the said other evaporator.
2. A refrigerating system comprising in com- I bination, a plurality of evaporators each having an inlet for liquid refrigerant and an outlet for gaseous refrigerant, means for withdrawing gase ous refrigerant from the evaporators and for condensing the same and for conducting the condensed refrigerant to the evaporators, means at the outlet end of one of said evaporators for interrupting the fiow of refrigerant through said evaporator after the medium cooled thereby is reduced to a predetermined temperature, the operationof the interrupting means causing said first means to direct its withdrawing action primarily to the other evaporator to decrease the refrigerant pressure therein to below the pressure in the first evaporator substantially immediately after the second means is rendered effective, and an expansion valve responsive to said pressure within the said other evaporator operable to admit refrigerant from the first means only in response to said reduced pressure.
- 3. A refrigerating system comprising in coman inlet for liquid refrigerant and an outlet for gaseous refrigerant, means for withdrawing gaseous refrigerant from the evaporators and for condensing the same and for conducting the condensed refrigerant to theevaporators, means at the outlet end of one of said evaporators for inbination, a plurality of evaporators each having terrupting the fiow of refrigerant through said refrigerant pressure therein to below the pressure in the first evaporator substantially immediately after the second means is rendered effective, means responsive to said reduced pressure in said other evaporator for starting the-fiow of refrigerant-through the said other evaporator and means affected by the temperature of either of said evaporators for controlling the first mentioned means. p
' LAWRENCE A. PHILIPP.
US746682A 1934-10-03 1934-10-03 Refrigerating apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2120185A (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2460623A (en) * 1944-10-24 1949-02-01 Reconstruction Finance Corp Liquid cooler for air-conditioning systems
US3703814A (en) * 1970-06-05 1972-11-28 Integrated Dev And Mfg Co Cold finger dehumidification system
US3888092A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-06-10 James I Fisher Device for changing the temperature of containers and their contents
US4862707A (en) * 1988-10-06 1989-09-05 University Of Maine System Two compartment refrigerator
US4964279A (en) * 1989-06-07 1990-10-23 Baltimore Aircoil Company Cooling system with supplemental thermal storage
US5383339A (en) * 1992-12-10 1995-01-24 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Supplemental cooling system for coupling to refrigerant-cooled apparatus
US5386709A (en) * 1992-12-10 1995-02-07 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Subcooling and proportional control of subcooling of liquid refrigerant circuits with thermal storage or low temperature reservoirs
US20050132733A1 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-06-23 Rafalovich Alexander P... Methods and apparatus for controlling refrigerators
US20090151375A1 (en) * 2006-12-14 2009-06-18 Ronald Scott Tarr Temperature controlled compartment and method for a refrigerator
US20090158768A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-25 Alexander Pinkus Rafalovich Temperature controlled devices
US20090165491A1 (en) * 2007-12-31 2009-07-02 Alexander Pinkus Rafalovich Icemaker for a refrigerator
US20090282844A1 (en) * 2006-12-14 2009-11-19 Alexander Pinkus Rafalovich Ice producing apparatus and method
US20090288445A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2009-11-26 Sanjay Anikhindi Modular household refrigeration system and method

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2460623A (en) * 1944-10-24 1949-02-01 Reconstruction Finance Corp Liquid cooler for air-conditioning systems
US3703814A (en) * 1970-06-05 1972-11-28 Integrated Dev And Mfg Co Cold finger dehumidification system
US3888092A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-06-10 James I Fisher Device for changing the temperature of containers and their contents
US4862707A (en) * 1988-10-06 1989-09-05 University Of Maine System Two compartment refrigerator
US4964279A (en) * 1989-06-07 1990-10-23 Baltimore Aircoil Company Cooling system with supplemental thermal storage
US5383339A (en) * 1992-12-10 1995-01-24 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Supplemental cooling system for coupling to refrigerant-cooled apparatus
US5386709A (en) * 1992-12-10 1995-02-07 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Subcooling and proportional control of subcooling of liquid refrigerant circuits with thermal storage or low temperature reservoirs
US7237395B2 (en) 2003-12-22 2007-07-03 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for controlling refrigerators
US20050132733A1 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-06-23 Rafalovich Alexander P... Methods and apparatus for controlling refrigerators
US20090151375A1 (en) * 2006-12-14 2009-06-18 Ronald Scott Tarr Temperature controlled compartment and method for a refrigerator
US20090282844A1 (en) * 2006-12-14 2009-11-19 Alexander Pinkus Rafalovich Ice producing apparatus and method
US9127873B2 (en) * 2006-12-14 2015-09-08 General Electric Company Temperature controlled compartment and method for a refrigerator
US20090158768A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-25 Alexander Pinkus Rafalovich Temperature controlled devices
US8806886B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2014-08-19 General Electric Company Temperature controlled devices
US20090165491A1 (en) * 2007-12-31 2009-07-02 Alexander Pinkus Rafalovich Icemaker for a refrigerator
US8099975B2 (en) 2007-12-31 2012-01-24 General Electric Company Icemaker for a refrigerator
US20090288445A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2009-11-26 Sanjay Anikhindi Modular household refrigeration system and method

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