US2130276A - Refrigerating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

P 1933- v J. R. HORNADAY 2,130,276

REFRI GERAT I NG APPARATUS Original Filed Oct. 51, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTO Original Filed Oct. 51, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lO O INVENT R. W Z, I m a ATTORNEY.

Patented Sept. 13, 1938 REFRIGERATING APPARATUS James R. Hornaday, Dayton, Ohio, assignorto General Motors Corporation, Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware Original application October 31, 1934, Serial No. 750,850. Divided and this application March 19, 1937, Serial No. 131,915

3 Claims. (01.230 58) This invention relates to refrigerating appaerably by a plurality of-integrally formed spider ratus and more particularly to a novel refrigerarms 28. The lower portion 22 of the frame l8 ant liquefying unit embodying a hermetically is provided with an upstanding rim 30 which fits sealed motor-compressor particularly adapted for snugly within the internal bore 24 of the frame units of large capacity. member 20' and is secured-thereto by bolts 32 This application is a division of my co-pending (see Fig. 2). The member 22 carries the lower application, Serial No. 750,850, which was filed on bearing 34.

October 31, 1934 Journaled in the bearings 26 and 34 is the It is an object of the invention to provide a main shaft 36 which carries at its upper end the hermetically sealed motor-compressor unit havrotor 38 of an electric motor. The stator 40 of 10 ing a removable frame within the housing upon the motor is secured to the internal bore 24 in the which the motor and compressor are mounted frame e e as y SCIBWS The Shaft and may be operated as a unit outside the 36 projects below the bearing 34 and at its lower housing. end is .formed with a crank pin 43 forming part A further object is to provide a novel means of a reciprocating piston compressor. A pair of for insuring the maintenance of an unfailing compressor cylinders 42 and 44 are bolted to the supply of lubricant to the top bearing of the lower surface of the frame member 22 and prefmotor-compressor unit. erably adjustably mounted thereon by means of It is also an object to provide a motor-comkeys 46. The cylinders are movable radially duepressor unit which is quiet in operation and which to a limited clearance around the bolts 45 in '20 embodies a built in muiller for the discharged rd r to v ry the e r n e vol me of the comrefrigerant. pressor. Suitable pistons 48 are reciprocated A further object is to provide a 'Water cooled within the cylinder 42 y means of the usual 60nrefrigerant liquefying unit having provision for meeting rods 5|] Which in turn a e journ lcd on the automatically draining the chamber or chambers crank pin 43. The crank pin 43 is preferably 25 containing cooling fluid at each time that the drilled for lubricating the bearings thereon and a supply of cooling fluid is cut off. downwardly directed lubricant scoop 52 is pro- Further objects and advantages of the present vided for delivering lubricant to the bearing invention will be apparent from the following under slight pressure.

description, reference being had to the accom- Each of the cylinders 42 and 44 is provided 3 panying drawings, wherein a preferred form of with intake valves 54 and exhaust valves 56 of the present invention is clearly shown. suitable design in their respective cylinder heads.

In the drawings: Communicating with the intake valves 54 through Fig. 1 is a vertical cross. section of a motorsuitable intake passages 58 is an intake manifold compressor unit embodying the present invention, 60 having a separable joint 62 situated within 35 and is taken on line |-l of Fig. 2; the limits of the internal bore I6 of the housing Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the unit shown in II]. A suitable external inlet connection 64 is Fig. 1; provided within a protruding portion 66 formed Fig. 3 is a cross section on line 3--3 of Fig. 2; on the housing member ID. The protruding porand tion 66 also isprovided with electric current 40 Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of a refrigerating 1ead-in conductors 68 which are connected to the apparatus, including a refrigerant liquefying unit d s 0f t Stator The exhaust Va es embodying the present invention. 56 are in communication with outlet conduits I0 Referring now to Fig. 1, there is ill t t d a, formed in the frame I8. The conduits 10 prefermotor-compressor unit comprising a .dome shaped b y comp se ed portions 12 formed in the 45 housing in having its lower end closed with a frame member 20 at its thicker portion for the base plate l2 which is secured to the dome mem- P p e Of acting s a Sound e The utlet her, as by welding, at I4. The dome member l0 conduits I0 terminate in discharge portions 13 has an internal cylindrical bore l6 within which opening adjacent the upper bearing 26 for the is slidably fitted a main frame I8. The frame purpose of directing entrained lubricant upon the 5 I8 is comprised of two portions, 20 and 22, the bearing 26. upper portion 20 of which is provided with an The bottom housing member i2 is formed with internal bore 24 which is eccentric to the extera concave portion 14 which acts as-a lubricant nal surface of the portion 20. An upper bearing sump and within which is provided a circular 26 is supported on the frame portion 20, prefscreen member 16 for filtering the lubricant be- 55 fore entering the lubricant scoop 82. A jacket or chamber 18 is provided on the outside of the housing member I 8 through which water or other cooling fluid may be circulated for withdrawing heat from the stator 48 and from the compressed gas within the housing I8. The frame I8 together with the motor and compressor parts may be assembled outside the casing and operated as Y a unit before its insertion into the housing I8. After satisfactory testing, the motor, compressor and frame may be inserted into the open end of the housing I8 and secured thereto by bolts 88, which in turn, are anchored to holding lugs 82 welded to the housing I8. The bolts 88 pass through elongated apertures 84 in the frame I8 so that the entire unit may be rotated relative to the housing I8 during assembly. The frame I8 is provided adjacent its thinner portion with a flat or relieved portion 88 which permits the frame to pass the inlet connection 84 at the separable joint 62. After the frame has been inserted into the housing sumciently to pass the 'inlet connection 84, the frame may be rotated which may comprise a water cooled condenser 88 to which compressed refrigerant is delivered from the outlet 98 of the compressor by the conduit 92. Refrigerant liquefied in the condenser 88 is delivered by conduit 84 to a liquid refrigerant control device 98 and expanded in the evaporator 88.

The expanded refrigerant is delivered to the inlet 84 of the compressor by conduit I88. Water or other cooling fluid is preferably conducted from a suitable source to the condenser, 88 by a conduit I82. From the condenser 88, the water is conducted to the cooling jacket of the compressor unit by a conduit I84. The water inlet I86 to the jacket I8 is preferably located at the bottom of the jacket as illustrated (see Fig. 3) while the outlet from the jacket is of special construction. The outlet preferably comprises a fitting I88 situated at the top of th water jacket and an additional outlet fitting II8 situated at the bottom of the water jacket. The outlet H8 is of restricted size so that it will not pass water at as great a rate as water is delivered to the Jacket through the inlet connection I86. The discharged water may be conducted to a suitable drain by a conduit I I2 which communicates with both outlet fittings I88 and H8. The water outrent supply lines H8 and suitable motor starting control devices II8. An automatic water valve I28 of suitable type is provided in the water inlet line I82 to maintain the supply of cooling water closed during the idle periods of the motor-compressor unit, and as illustrated comprises a solenoid valve connected to the current supply lines to be energized concurrently with the motor-compressor unit.

In operation, the system being suitably charged with refrigerant and a body of lubricant within the housing I8 of the compressor, thermostatic switch II 4 is closed causing the starting device H8 to initiate operation of the motor-compressor unit. Rotation of the shaft 36 causes reciprocation of the pistons 48 in the well-known manner and withdraws expanded refrigerant through the inlet connection 84 and the inlet manifold 88. Compressed refrigerant is delivered through the outlet conduits I8, the mufflers I2 and the discharge orifices I3. the refrigerant delivered from the orifices I3 maintains the bearing 26 well lubricated. The lower bearing 34 is lubricated by the splash within thelubricant sump." while the bearings on the crank pin 43 are lubricated by the lubricant scoop 52. The muiilers I2 being situated in the thick walled portion of the frame member 28, efliciently damp vibrations in the body of gas passing through the outlet conduits I8 and in addition, being of larger diameter than the remainder of the conduit I8, permit the discharged gaseous refrigerant to slowdown and give up some heat to the adjacent water jacket I8. As long as the switch I I4 remains closed, the water valve I28 will be energized permitting water to be delivered through conduit I82 to the condenser 88 and through conduit I84 to the water jacket 18. As soon as the thermostatic switch opens, the water valve I28 will close, thus' shutting off the supply of cooling fluid to the condenser 88 and the water jacket 18. The water containing chambers of the refrigerant liquefying unit are selfdraining in-the following manner. Since the condenser 88 is situated above the water jacket I8, allthe water in the condenser 88 will drain by gravity through connection II3 to the drain. As soon as condenser 88 is emptied of Water in this manner, the jacket 18' will be emptied in a similar manner through the restricted outlet I I8. The conduits I 84 and H2 are made sufficiently large to permit air to bubble upwardly therethrough to displace the water being drained.

This results in effectively draining the entire unit of water at each time that the motor-compressor unit shuts down, thus eliminating the possibility of a freeze-up in cold weather. Upon restarting of the refrigerant liquefying unit, the water is delivered through the valve I28 to condenser 88 at 'a greater rate than it will pass through the restricted outlet II3. This results in the level of water in the condenser gradually rising until it overfiows through the unrestricted outlet III. Thereafter water is delivered to the jacket I8 at a faster rate than it can escape through the restricted outlet H8 and the level in the jacket therefore rises until it overflows through the outlet I88. Thus, it is insured that both the condenser and the jacket of the compressor will be filled with water soon after the unit is started after each idle period. a

' While the form of embodimentof the invention as herein disclosedconstitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimedis as follows:

1. In a hermetically sealed motor-compressor unit, the combination of a cylindrical housing having an end closure, a frame member removably secured to the interior of said housing and The lubricant entrained in having an eccentric interior bore for receiving a minating above and adjacent to said upper'bearing fordirecting said entrained lubricant thereon.

2. In a hermetically-sealed motor-compressor unit, the combination of a cylindricalhousing having an end closure, a frame member removably secured to the interior of said housing and having an eccentric interior bore for receiving a motor stator, upper and lower bearings supported on said frame, a motor rotor intermediate said bearings and journaled therein, a reciprocating compressor positioned below said motor and carried entirely by said frame, an outlet conduit for said compressor'passing upwardly through said frame member adjacent the housing and having an enlarged portion intermediate the ends thereof'and within the thicker portion of said frame to provide a sound mufller.

3. 'A hermetically sealed motor-compressor n unit comprising, a housing having .a closure, a frame member secured to the interior of said housing and supporting a motor stator; upper and lower bearings supported on said frame, a motor rotor intermediate said bearings and journaled therein, a compressor positioned below said motor and carried by said frame, an upwardly extending outlet passage for said compressor including a conduit formed directly in said frame member adjacent the housing, said conduit being of a larger diameter than the remainder of the passage for providing a sound muflling portion in said frame adjacent said motor stator, said passage terminating above and adjacent said upper bearing for directing lubricant entrained in the discharged refrigerant thereon.

JAMES R. HORNADAY.

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