US2130629A - Spraying device - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 20, 1938. w, CLAYTON 2,130,629

,SPRAYING DEVICE Filed June 9 1936 r [/VVENTOR MLL/AM CLAYTON Patented Sept. 20, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SPRAYING DEVICE Application June 9, 1936, Serial No. 's4,2s9

12 Claims. (01.299-107) My invention relates to a device for spraying hot liquids, which, due to the heated condition,- tend to form gases or steam on being released from pressure in a spray nozzle, and the invention relates in particular to means for spraying a hot detergent against a surface which is to be cleaned thereby.

My present invention is an improvement on or an addition to the invention disclosed in application Serial No. 495,636, filed November 14, 1930, by Walter S. Kerrick, for a Fluid heater.

The invention is of especial utility in the cleaning of surfaces, such, for example, as the walls of buildings, floors, etc., by the application of a detergent solution thereto which may conslst of a mixture of soap and water heated to a temperature near the boiling point of water. It has been found that surfaces of the general character above set forth can be cheaply and expediently cleaned by the application of a stream of detergent solution under heat and pressure, and I have determined that maximum efliciency in this cleaning action can be maintained where the issuing jet of heated detergent solution is held under control and in a concentrated form.

Naturally, in the operation of a device of this character, the greater the heat of the detergent solution the more effective will be the cleaning action; but, considerable difficulty has been experienced where the detergent solution is raised toor above the boiling point due to the tendency for steam to form in relatively large quantities or clouds adjacent the discharge orifice of the ordinary type of spray nozzle used with the device, these clouds of steam interfering with the operators view of the surface being treated and causing a sputtering action of the fluid as it issues from the discharge orifice of the nozzle.

It is an object of my present invention to provide a cleaning device of the above character having means for delivering the hot detergent solution in such a manner that the formation of steam around the discharge of the nozzle will be reduced to a minimum and so that the undesirable sputtering of the discharging fluid will be eliminated.

A further and important object of the invention is to provide a cleaning device of the above character having a discharge nozzle which will deliver a stream containing vapor and liquid in slender, concentrated form and of flattened crosssectional area.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a nozzle which will issue a fluid jet of flattened form, this nozzle having a tubular external wall of flattened or rectangular cross section and having a core therein of flattened form to define a tubular discharge passage and also a tubular discharge orifice of flattened or rectangular cross section;

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be made evident throughout the following part of the specification.

Referring to the drawing, trative purposes only,

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of a cleaning device embodying my present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing a preferred construction of nozzle for use in conjunction with the device pictured in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an end view of the nozzle shown in Fig. 2, this view being taken as indicated by the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross section on a plane represented by the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a cross section through the fluid jet taken on a plane indicated by the line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a front end view of an alternative form of nozzle embodying my invention.

In Fig. 1, I show a cleaning device II which which is for illusincludes a tank l2 for a detergent solution,

for example, as a mixture of soap and wa- "Ihrough a pipe 13 the detergent solution pump I4 which delivers the detergent solution through a pipe IE to a heater l6 having a discharge member 11 to which a discharge conduit l8, including a hose i9 and a pipe 2!, may be secured. The pipe 2| is suitably insulated so that it may be handled, and to the forward end thereof a nozzle 22 is secured, this nozzle 22 being so formed that a relatively slender jet 23 of the detergent solution will issue therefrom. I find that with my present invention I can heat the detergent so lution to nearly 300 F., which is considerably above the boiling point of water at atmospheric pressure, and yet maintain a slender jet 23; whereas, the natural tendency for the heated solution is to expand on issuing from the nozzle so as to form a jet such as indicated by dotted lines 24. Likewise, where ordinary types of nozzles are employed, there will be a formation of clouds of steam ahead of the discharge nozzle, and the heated detergent will issue from the nozzle with a sputtering action. However, by using a nozzle of the character shown in Figs. 2 to 5 inclusive, I am enabled not only to use the detergent solution at a high temperature, but alsoto maintain a relatively slender concentrated such, ter. is carried to a force vision of the operator.

jet 23 which is'of flat cross-sectional form, as shown in Fig. 5, and is not accompanied by large clouds of steam which will interfere with the The expanded jet obtained by use of ordinary nozzles with a device of the character shown results in a rapid loss of theforce of the fluid upon its issue from the nozzle, thereby making itnecessary to hold the nozzle relatively close to the work if any reasonable force of application of the heated detergent fluid to the surface to be cleaned is to be obtained. The condensed jet 23, in addition to being of flat character or laterally expanded, is of such concentration that it will carry for a considerable distance and will cause the detergent solution to strike the surface to be cleaned with considerable force.

The nozzle disclosed in Figs. 2 to 4 inclusive comprises a tubular wall 25 having a threaded inlet opening 26' for attachment to the forward end of the pipe 2|, and having a discharge opening 21 at its opposite end. Within the tubular wall 25 a core 28 is extended, the wall 25 and the core 28 being so formed that between them there will exist a tubular passage 29 of flattened, and preferably rectangular, form. Although I find that satisfactory results can be obtained in the nozzle where the passage 23 is of substantially constant cross section from end to end thereof, it is preferable to make the core 23 in the form of a flat bar of substantially constant cross section from end to end thereof, and to taper the wall 25 forwardly so that the passage 29 will reduce in cross-sectional area toward the discharge opening 21. The forward end 3| of the core 28 extends preferably centrally within the discharge opening 21 so as to form therein a discharge orifice 32 of flattened tubular form. The rearward end 35 of the core 28 extends within an opening 36 at the rearward end of the wall 25, and is adjustably secured by means of screws 31. The forward end 3| of the core 28 is relatively blunt and preferably has a flat front face 38 placed so that it will not project materially beyond the front end face 33 of the wall 25, and being preferably set back from the end 39 inside the discharge-opening 21 in the manner shown in Fig. 2, in which position the best operation of the spraying device is obtained. When the flow of detergent solution issues at high velocity from the tubular orifice 32, it is caused to converge in the manner shown by lines 40 of Fig. 2, with the result that the smallest part of the jet 23, as indicated by the numeral 4|, will be at a distance from the end of the nozzle. This effect is apparently caused by the formation of a wedge-shaped vacuum space 42 adjacent the end face 38 of the core 28. As a result of the conditions above set forth, a relatively slender jet 23 of the heated solution is formed, and the force thereof is concentrated to such a degree that the jet will carry a considerable distance and will strike the surface to be cleaned with considerable force. Likewise, the popping or sputtering of the jet is overcome so that the action of the nozzle is relatively quiet. Likewise, the liberation and separation of steam adjacent the nozzle is minimized, with the result that the operator's view of the surface be ing cleaned is not obstructed to such an extent as to interfere with the carrying on of the work.

I have found that the discharge orifice 32 does not have to be fully tubular; or, in other words, the orifice need not extend around all four sides of the forward end portion 3| of the core 23 in the manner shown in Fig. 3. Instead, the discharge orifice may extend on two sides or around three sides of the core in the manner shown in Fig. 6, wherein I have shown the front end 39a of a nozzle 22a, having a rectangular opening 21a with'a flat core 281: therein in such position that it engages or is attached to opposing edge walls 44 of the nozzle shell 25a. The core 28a formsin the rectangular opening 21a a divided orifice 32a which extends across the top and then across the bottom of the core 2811. Even though the discharge orifice 32a is not completely tubular, a vacuum pocket of wedge-shape will be formed adjacent the forward end of the core 28a, causing a concentration of the jet beyond the end of the nozzle 226. If desired the orifice 32a may extend across one edge wall of the core 28a, as indicated by the dotted line 30 of Fig. 6. In this construction the orifice will be of U-shaped cross section.

Although I have herein shown and described my invention in simple and practical form, it is recognized that certain parts or elements thereof are representative of other parts, elements. or mechanisms which may be used in substantially the same manner to accomplish substantially the same results; therefore, it is to be understood that the invention is not to. be limited to the details disclosed herein but is to be accorded the full scope of the following claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. A device of the character described for delivering a concentrated jet, including: a tubular wall having one end thereof disposed so as to receive a stream of fluid and having the other end thereof forming a discharge opening of flattened cross section; and a core of flattened cross section extending axially within said tubular member so as to form a tubular passage therein, said core extending into said discharge opening to define therein a tubular discharge orifice and terminating in a, relatively flat end surface whereby said fluid stream creates azone of reduced pressure adjacent said relatively fiat end surface tending to draw the resulting jet toether.

2. A device of the character described for delivering a concentrated jet, including: a tubular wall having one end thereof disposed so as to receive a flow of fluid and having the other end thereof forming a discharge opening of flattened cross section, said discharge opening having a width at least twice as great as its height; and a core of flattenedcross section extending axially within said tubular member so as to form a tubular passage therein, said core extending into said discharge opening and deflning therein a tubular discharge orifice.

3. A nozzle of the character described for delivering a concentrated stream of fluid, including: a tubular wall having a fluid inlet at one end thereof and a discharge opening at the other end thereof of flattened cross section; and a core extending axially within said tubular member so as to form a tubular passage therein, the forward end of said core being of flattened cross section and forming a tubular discharge orifice in said discharge opening.

4. A nozzle of the character described for delivering a concentrated stream of fluid, including: a tubular wall having a fluid inlet at one end thereof and a discharge opening at the other end thereof of flattened cross section; and a core extending axially within said tubular member so as to form a passage therein, the forward end of said core being of flattened cross section and forming in said discharge opening a discharge orifice which extends around at least three sides of said forward end of said core. l v

5. A nozzle of the character described for (18:-

livering a concentrated stream of fluid, including:

a tubular wall having a fluid inlet at one end thereof and a discharge opening at the other-t end thereof of rectangular cross section; and a 'core extending axially within said tubular member so as to form a tubular passage therein, the forward end of said core being of rectangular cross section and forming a tubular discharge orifice in said discharge opening.

, 6. A nozzle of the character described for delivering a concentrated stream of fluid, including: a tubular wall having a fluid inlet at one end thereof and a discharge opening at the other end thereof of rectangular cross section; and a core extending axially within said tubular member so as to form a passage therein, the forward end of said core being of rectangular cross section and forming in said discharge opening a discharge orifice which extends around at least three sides of said forward end of said core.

7. A nozzle of the character described for delivering a concentrated stream of fluid, including: a tubular wall-having a fluid inlet at one'end thereof and a discharge opening at the other end thereof of flattened cross section; and a core extending axially within said tubular member so as to form a passage therein, the forward end of said core being of flattened cross section and forming in said discharge opening a discharge orifice which extends on at least two sides of said forward end of said core.

8. In combination in a device for forming aconcentrated steam-containing jet: a tubular wall providing a zone adapted to receive at one end a flow of fluid and forming at its other end a discharge opening of flattened cross section; and a core of flattened cross section extending substantially axially in said tubular wall to form discharge passage means between the sides of said core and the side walls of said discharge opening, the forward end of said core terminating near the forward end of said tubular wall V steam-containing jet and bring the flow through said discharge passage means together at a point beyond said blunt end of said core.

9. A combination as defined in claim 8 in which said discharge passage means on opposite sides of said flattened core are non-parallel and converge toward each other as they approach the position of said relatively blunt end to assist the action of said zone of reduced pressure in bringing the flow therethr'ough together at said point beyond said blunt end of said core.

10. A nozzle of the character described for discharging a concentrated jet, including: a tubular wall providing a zone receiving fluid at one end and providing a discharge opening at its other end of flattened cross section providing side walls; and a core extending in said zone and providing a flattened forward portion cooperating with the flattened side walls of said discharge opening to form a discharge passage means on opposite sides of said core for delivering flattened streams toward and beyond the forward end of said core, said forward end of said core terminating near said discharge opening and being relatively blunt whereby flow of said flattened streams past said relatively blunt end forms a zone of reduced pressure adjacent this. relatively blunt end to controlthe shape of the resulting jet and bring the flattened streams together at a point beyond said relatively blunt end of said core.

11. A nozzle of the character described for discharging a concentrated jet, including: a tubular wall providing a zone receiving fluid at one end and providing a discharge opening at its other end which discharge opening is of elongated shape in cross section; and a core extending in said zone and providing a forward portion elongated in cross section similar to the cross sectional shape of said dischargeopening except smaller to provide an elongated annular passage means around said forward elongated portion of said core and inside said tubular wall, said forward elongated portion of said core terminating near the forward end of said discharge opening and providing a relatively blunt end surface beyond which the stream flowing through said elongated annular passage moves, the resulting elongated annular stream flowing past said relatively blunt 12. A combination as defined in claim 1 in which said discharge'opening is of rectangular cross section and in which said core is of rectangular cross section.

WILLIAM CLAYTON.

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