US2141339A - Safety razor - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 27, 1938 p; BAUERLE 2,141,339

SAFETY RAZOR Filed Aug. 26, 1955 2 Shets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR DecQ27, 1938. P.'BAU.ERLE 2,141,339

SAFETY RAZOR Filed Aug. '26, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I llllllh INVENTOR Patented Dec. 27, 1938 UNITED STATES FF 1Q E This invention relates to safety razors and-more particularly to safety razors in which a multiedged razor blade is employed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a safety razor 5:.and blade which will show certain definite advantages over others of the sameclass and type of razors. One of the main objects of this inventionis to provide a safety razor, which will permit the razor losblade and especially the surface. of its cutting edge to be positioned in a manner relative to the skin, to. produce a true cutting operationat the root of the hair.

A further object is to. provide a razor blade in 15;..whichthe elasticity of flexion on its bendingline is of substantially equal degree in both directions of inflection.

These'and other objects, which will be. pointed out in the specification and especially the claims, 20,; attain by means of the devices illustrated in the accompanying drawings, inwhich':

Fig. l is a front view of an assembled safety razor,

Fig. 2 is a side view .thereof, 5,. Fig. 3 is a sectional front view of part of the assembled safety razor on line 3--3, Fig..2.

Fig. 4 is a sectional side viewof partof theassembled safety razor on line 4.4l,.Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 illustrates a perspective view of the .four 30,,essential parts of a safety razor separated and aligned in the order required for their assemblage.-

Fig. 6 is a cross section of part of an enlarged razor blade, on line E6-of the razor blade of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of parts of a cap, razor blade and guard, before beingclamped into position.

Fig. 8 illustrates the enlarged, partsof Fig. 7 clamped together, as required for shaving pur- ,,poses.

Figs. 9, l0 and 11 illustrate safety razor blades in which the perforations of each disclose different contours and inwhich the number of perforations differ from those of the blade shown in.

Fig. 5.

Fig. 12 shows a safety razor blade with grooves instead of perforations.

imilar numbers refer to several views throughout the drawings.

53 i The safety razor illustrated in the drawings comprises the conventional cap l 5, razor blade l6, guard I1 and handle 58. The lower'surface of cap l5 has in its centre a square or rectangular shaped stem 59 with a threaded stud 20.v This 5 stem, passing through openings 2!, 22 of respec-' tive blade l6 and guard H, is drawn towards the guard by means of the threaded end part 23 of handle l8.

The short edges of the rectangular shaped cap I? have each in the middle thereof projections or 5 guides 2%, extendingin the same direction as that I of the stem ES. These-guides are semi-cylindrical and slightly conical in form, to facilitate assembling the blade and the guard at their respective notches or cut- outs 25, 26 and to guide 10.

and positively-locate the cap, blade and guard relative to each other.

When assembling the parts with the cap, a person will hold the latter with one finger each at the edges and guides 24 of the cap. In order to more 15 conveniently grasp these parts, the outer surfacesof the guides are preferably hallowed and made convex.

In the present inventiontheblade-is not bent curvilinear as in theconventional typeof safety razor, but is bent at anangle a certain distance away from its longest centre line and near to the cutting edge. For this reason the razor blade l6 is provided with perforations 28, on a line parallel with the cutting edge, but locatedaway from the centre line at preferably more than one-half the distance between the centre line and the cutting edge of said blade.

Blade I5 is providedwith three perforations in each row, of which each perforation has at its ends and at right angles thereto anoblong perforation 29, to facilitate the fiection of the metal on a line passing through these perforations. It is a knownv fact, that razor blades, when being bent a number of times, have the tendency to break in alwaysone particular direction of bending. This prior breaking action at only one side of the blade is due to the differences in the contour of the respective upperand lower border edges 30 and 3!, Fig. 6, of the perforations and at the consequent bending line of the blade. The perforations, being punched into the razor blade, will showthe upper edge 38 to be rounded on account of a compression, while the lower edge 3! remains sharp. In order to defer the breaking action and to make theblades more elastic, the lower outer edges. 32 ofthe oblong perforations 29 are provided with a rounding or chamfer similar to the upper edges 36. This .charnfer or rounding may be added by means of a grinding operation or '50 preferably by, re-punching or compressing the metal at the particular'edge's desired. This needs to be done at the outer or far ofi" edges only, that is, those edges at which the actual bending takes place. 1

Fig. 9 shows a razor blade 34 which has one slot 35 each near its cutting edges and a perforation 3% at each end perpendicular to this slot, while blades 31, 38 of respective Figs. 10 and 11 possess each two rows of plain perforations. All these blades have their upper and lower bending edges, located on the bending line and to the left and right of each other, rounded or blunted to prevent breakage.

Fig. 12 shows a blade 40 without perforations, but with two sets of grooves 4| instead. The grooves of each set are located opposite each other, one on eachsurface of the blade. These grooves serve the same purpose as the perforations, which is, to reduce the cross section along the bending line of the blade. These grooves also perform the same function as the blunted upper and lower bending edges of the perforations, in that they make the elasticity of fiexion on the bending line substantially'equal'in degree in both directions of inflection.

The object of bending the razor blade at a certain distance away from its centre line is to introduce a definite cuttingangle for shaving purposes. This angle is as near parallel to the skin, as is necessary for cutting the hair. is a known fact, that if the angle between the cutting edge and the skin is large and, taking for instance an extreme View, is similar to that shown in Fig. 7, the hair would be scraped instead of cut off at its roots. If however those parts of thecap and guards which touch the skin are made to position the surfaceof the cutting edge into an almost parallel location with a the skin, it is evident thatthe shaving process will result into apure cutting operation. This will consequently produce a clean shave and prevent an unpleasant smarting of the skin.

Fig. 8 illustrates the bending of the blade and the location of the surface of the cutting edge relative to the skin in the manner referred to. The upper surface 42 of the cutting edge is located at almost or at substantially the same height as the skin-touching surfaces 43, Ml of t the respective cap l5 and guard l1, thereby causing the operator to perform a pure cutting operation.

The bent section 35 of the blade is pressed by the cap portion 46 against the angular guard portion 47, thus definitely locating the lade sec- 7 tion 45 and its cutting edge. The result produced, when shaving, is therefore identical to that of a common razor used by the barber and which is known to give an'effective cutting operation without scraping.

' tions or openings 49, which permit the segregate, produced by the shaving process to pass therethrough. The sections 50, which thus con- I nect the angular section with the lower bar, are

relieved at their outer edges and below the cutting edgeof the blade, so as to entirely clear the path for the segregate which is forced away from this edge. cap, facing the razor blade, is preferably made flat and not convex as in the conventional type of caps. The upper surface 52 of the guard facing the razor blade is relieved however near the place where the blade is bent; so as to per-' mit fiection of the blade when being clamped between the cap and the guard.

The invention described provides therefore a safety razor which, not alone will give 'a true cutting operation and a consequent clean shav- The lower surface 5! of the ing process, but it will also prevent parts to break out from the cutting edge when shaving an especially strong beard. The reason for this is, that the cutting edge, during the shaving process is not subjected to a scraping action and is therefore not under a strain to bend the metal out of its normal position. This invention also provides a razor blade which will be more flexible at its perforations and thereby. prevent breakage at these perforations.

While the invention discloses the preferred form in which the same'is to be applied, it is to be understood that various changes relative to the shape, size, material and arrangement of forations and having both. the upper and the lower border edges of said'blade blunted, the blunting of saidborder edges being characterized by the elimination of sharpness of said edges at the bending line of said blade.

2. A razor blade having one or moreperforations substantially parallel to its cutting edge, to facilitate the bending of said blade on astraight line which is to pass through said perforations and having the metal at the bending line dulled to make the elasticity of flexion on this line of substantially equal degree in both directions of inflexion. V a

3. A razor bladehaving one or more perforations substantiallyparallel to its cutting edge,

.to' facilitate the bending of said blade on a to facilitate the bending of said blade' on a 1 7 straight line which is to pass through said per- -purpose of'maintaining said blade in position relative to a cap and guard which are to clamp said blade between each other.

5. A safety razor comprising a cap, a guard, 1 a bar at each of the long edges of said guard,

a. razor blade between said cap' and guard and a handle to draw said cap towards the guard and to bend said blade over said guard, the sharp and burred corners existing at the edges on one surface of said blade being dulled at the location ,of the bending line of said blade, said cap and guard being formed to bend said razor blade at the dulled corners and at a substantially sharp angle on a line parallel to the cutting edge and removed from the centre line of said razor blade and spaced sections in said guard connecting with each bar and located a distance substantially below the cutting edge of said razor blade to provide space underneath the entire length of the cutting edge and to permit the segregate to pass therethrough during the operation of shaving.

6. A safety razor comprising a cap, a guard, a bar at each of the long edges of said guard, a razor blade between said cap and guard and a handle to draw said cap towards the guard and tobend said blade over said guard, the sharp and burred corners existing at the edges on one surface of said blade-being dulled at the location of the bending line of said blade, said cap and guard being formed to bend said razor blade at the dulled corners and at an angle and to clamp said blade near its cutting edge throughout its entire length and spaced sections in said guard connecting with each bar and located a distance substantially below the cutting edge of said razor blade to provide space underneath the entire length of the cutting edge and to permit the segregate to pass therethrough during the operation of shaving.

7. A safety razor comprising a cap, a guard, a bar at each of the long edges of said guard, a

' razor blade between said cap and guard and a handle to draw said cap towards the guard and to bend said blade over said guard, the sharp and burred corners existing at the edges on one surface of said blade being dulled at the location of the bending line of said blade, said cap and guard being formed to bend said razor blade at the dulled corners and at a substantially sharp angle on a line parallel to the cutting edge and removed from the centre of said razor blade, to press on said blade from the bend on out throughout its entire length and spaced sections in said guard connecting with each bar and located a distance substantially below the cutting edge of said razor blade to provide space underneath the entire length of the cutting edge and to permit the segregate to pass therethrough during the operation of shaving.

8. A razor blade comprising a sheet of steel, derived by a forcing process, conveniently located perforations stamped out from said razor blade to facilitate the bending of said blade, the sharp and burred corners existing on the edges on one surface of said blade, which are due to the process of forcing, having a dullness at the location of the bending line of said blade.

9. A razor blade comprising a double edged sheet of steel, derived by a forcing process, con

veniently located perforations stamped out from said blade located substantially parallel to each cutting edge to facilitate the bending of said blade on a straight line which is to pass through said perforations, the sharp and burred corners existing on one surface of said blade and produced by the process of forcing, having a dullness at the locations of the bending lines of said blade.

10. A razor blade having a plurality of slots substantially parallel to its cutting edge, the end or ends of each slot forming an enlargement to provide lengthened webs at said slots to increase the flexibility of said blade on a line which passes through said slots, the sharp and burred corners of said webs being blunted to prevent prior breakage in one direction of bending of said blade.

11. A safety razor comprising a cap, a guard, a razor blade between said cap and guard and a handle to draw said cap toward the guard and to bend said blade over said guard, a perforated cross section in said blade, parallel to its cutting edge and removed from the middle part of said blade, the webs of the perforated cross sections being dulled at their corners on both sides of said blade to permit an equal or substantially equal amount of bend in either direction, said blade being bent more than 30 degrees relative to the surface of the middle part of said blade.

12. A safety razor comprising a cap, a guard, a razor blade between said cap and guard and a handle to draw said cap toward the guard and to bend said blade over said guard, a plurality of slots in said blade parallel to its cutting edge and removed from the middle part of said blade, the end or ends of each slot forming an enlargement to provide lengthened webs at said slots to increase the flexibility of said blade on a line passing through said slots, said webs being dulled at their corners on both sides of said blade to permit a substantially equal amount of bend in either direction, said blade being bent more than 30 degrees relative to the surface of the middle part of said blade.

13. A safety razor comprising a cap, a guard, a razor blade between said cap and guard and a handle to draw said cap toward the guard and to bend said blade over said guard, a plurality of slots in said blade, parallel to its cutting edge and removed from the middle part of said blade, the end or ends of each slot forming an enlarge-- ment to provide webs ,of increased length at said slots to enhance the flexibility of said blade on a line passing through said slots, said webs being dulled at their corners on both sides of said blade to permit a substantially equal amount of bend in either direction, said blade being bent more than 30 and less than degrees relative to the surface of the middle part of said blade, the surface of the bent-over cutting edge being located at substantially the same height as the skintouching surfaces of said cap and guard.

14. A razor blade comprising a double edged sheet of steel derived by a forcing process and having a cross section weakened on both surfaces of said sheet and on a line near to and substantially parallel to either cutting edge, to increase the flexibility of said sheet, one surface of the razor blade having a weakening different in character from the original weakening, said blade surface being the one which has received the original operation last.

15. A razor blade comprising a sheet of steel derived by a forcing process and which is to be bent in a suitable blade holder on a line or lines parallel to the cutting edge or edges of said blade, the sharp and burred corners existing on the edges of said blade, which are due to the forcing process, having a dullness at the location of the bending line or lines of said blade.

PAUL BAUERLE.

Images