US2141662A - Grinder - Google Patents

Description

2 Shets-Shet 2 Dec 27, 1938. s. F. bsslNe ET AL GRINDER Filed Aug. 22, 1936 Patented Dec. 27, 193 8 [UNITE si'r' afl li GRINDER Stanley F. Ossirig and Oscar J. Feight, Columbus, Ohio, assignors to The Jelirey Manufacturing Company, a corporation of Ohio Application August 22, 1936, Serial No. 97,436

2 Claims.

' This invention relates to a grinder and particularly' to a grinder or shredder for grinding sewage screenings or garbage.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved grinder of the above mentioned class which will beeffe'ctive to reduce all of the material to a fine or shredded state while keeping the grinding elements of the device free from material at all times, thus providing a very -efficient device.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, the novel features and combinations being set forth in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings,

m Fig. 1 is an end elevational view of the grinder comprising our invention;

Fig. 2 iswa side elevational view of the device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevational view taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 4 is asectional elevational view taken on the line '4-4 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows; y

21 Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional elevational view taken on-the line 5-5 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrows, and with rotor omitted;

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional elevational view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrows, and with the rotor omitted;

Fig. '7 is a plan view of the base and grating of the grinder, with the rotor removed, and with parts shown in section;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a part of a grat- 35 ing; and

I Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a clamping and cutting bar or plate.

- The grinder comprising our invention comprises a casing or housing I!) including a base casting II and a removably attached top casing section or casting I2. The members II and I2 are removably attached together, as by appropriate nuts and bolts I3, to form the enclosing casing for the machine.

The base casting I I has at each side an arcuate flange I4, which flanges I4, I4 support a screen formed by a pair of arcuate gratings I5, I5, which are of substantially duplicate construction. Each of said gratings I5 comprises a plurality of spaced arcuate grating bars I6 which are rigidly attached to a plurality of transversely extending plates or bars I'I, preferably having sharpened noses oredges, as shown in Figs. 3 and 8. The grating bars I6 are each provided withteeth I8 on 55 the inner arcuate portions, which teeth "I8 maybe formed by serrating the inner edge thereof. It may be noted that to give strength to the teeth I8 eachhas a. radial face l9 (Fig. 8) which presents a surface substantially at right angles to the direction of the forces exerted in the grind- 5 ing. action.

The arcuate gratings I5, l5 are of similar construction and are removably held in the base casting I I upon the flanges I4, I4 by toothed plates 2|, 22, two of which plates-2| are positioned above 10 one of the arcuate gratings at one side of the base casting II, and two of which plates 22 are positioned above the other grating I5 at' the other side of the base casting II. That is, the plates 2| and 22 bear against the free or exposed ends of the gratings I5 and keep said gratings in proper positions. Said plates 2 I and 22 are held in place in pockets HI and I22 respectively in the base casting II and at their ends and tops abut the top casting I2. positioned behind the plates 2| and 22 respectively. The plates 2| and 22 are notched to provide teeth 23 and 24 respectively, which are in alignment with the teeth on the grating bars I6 and touch the arc of the circle which is formed by said teeth I8.

To hold the plates 2| and 22 in the pockets I2I and I22 and to provide for their longitudinal adattached to cover plate I25 by a nut and bolt I30,

theplates I21 and washers I28 extending into the pockets I 2|, I22 with said plates I2'I in contact with the ends of plates 2| and 22.

The top casting I2 forms a hopper 25, access to which is provided through an opening 26, which hopper 25 directs the material to be reduced, such asjsewage screenings or garbage, to the reducing chamber 21 of the grinder.

Carried by the top casting I2 is a preliminary reducing or breaker plate or casting 28 which is provided with a flange 29 at each side thereof, the flanges 29 being attached to the side walls of the top casting I2, as by nuts and bolts 30.

The preliminary reducing or breaker. plate 28 is provided with shearing teeth 3|, the function of which is explained more in detail hereinafter.

to the tramp bin 35 is gained by a removable door Filler plates I23 and I24 are 20' 36. It may also be mentioned that the partition 33 cooperates .to provide the above mentioned hopper 25, and it may be rigidly attached to the top casting l2, by welding, as shown in Fig. 3.

To aid in the reducing of the sewage screenings or garbage and also to aid in keeping the interior of the grinder free of adhering putrescible matter, weprovide a perforated spray pipe 31 within the hopper 25. Y '10 Within the reducing chamber 21 is provided a rotor 40 comprising a shaft 4| mounted upon anti-friction bearings 42, 42 carried by appr: priate brackets 43, 43 formed integral with the base casting H and carrying at one end a fly wheel 44, and at the other end a multiple V-belt type of drive pulley45.

The shaft 4|, extends through openings provided by half- sleeves 41, 41 formed on the base casting H and half- cups 48, 48 carried by plates 49, 49 which are rigidly attached to the top casting l2, as by welding. It'may bementioned that no material flows out through these openings due to the centrifugal action of the rotor 40 on the material. This centrifugal action also prevents material passing down between said rotor 40; and casing walls without undergoing a reducing action, Spacer plates 50, '50 are interposed between the plates 49, 49 and the side walls of the top casting l2, and welded to each, to provide room for the rotor construction as hereinafter described Adjacent the forward portion of the grinder, filler plates |50 (Fig. attached by nuts and bolts |5|, are provided.

Mounted upon the shaft 4| is a plurality of stacked discs or plates 5| and 52,..said plates 5| being stacked alternately, and being rigidly attached together by tie bolts 53. Each of the stacked discs or "plates 5| and 52 is provided with a plurality of shearing and grinding teeth seen at 54 and 55, respectively. which teeth may be formed byserrating the plate edges axially. The

leading edges of teeth 54 and 55 are-radial and therefore are parallel with the previously men- -tioned surfaces |9 of teeth |8 when adjacent thereto, thus cooperating therewith to shear and grind the material and thereby efiect an efiicient reduction thereof.

It is to be particularly noted that the plates 5| have a larger diameter than the plates 52 and that the teeth 54 travel in a circle, when rotated, such that they pass between the teeth l8 of the grating bars l6, as best illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings. The diameter of the circle described by the teethv 55 of plates 52 in rotation is less than thatdescribed by the teeth 54 and said teeth 55 rotate in alignment-with the grating bars Hi, there being only a very small clearance between the tips of the teeth 55 of the discs 52 and the teeth l8 of the grating bars I6,

' continuous teeth such, for example, as one-eighth of an inch.

As clearly seen in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the teeth 3| on the reducing plate or casting 28 are spaced sufficiently away from the axis of rotation of the rotor 40. that there is no overlapping or interleaving between the teeth 54 of the discs 5| and said teeth 3|, as said teeth are straight extending completely across casting 28. V

In the operation of the device comprising our invention, material to be ground orshredded, such as sewage screenings or garbage, will be fed into the hopper 25 through the opening 26, and will be directed into the reducing chamber 21 where it will be encountered by the rotating rotor 40 which travels in the direction of the arrow 55. 'The teeth 54. and 55, and particularly the former. will encounter the material and in cooperation with the teeth 3| of the preliminary reducing plate or casting 28-will effect a pre-' liminary reduction'of' said material. Complete reduction or shredding of the material'will then be efiected by the cooperating teeth 54 and 55, and particularly the former, in cooperation with the teeth 23 and 24 of the plates 2| and 22, respectively, and more particularly in cooperation with the teeth l8 of the grating bars IS. The gratings l5 will act both as a-screen to retain the material in the reduction chamber 21 until adequately reduced and as grinding elements to cooperate with the rotor 40 to effect such grinding and reducing. Due to the overlapping relation of theteeth54 and the teeth I8, 23 and 24, there will be a very thorough shredding, grinding or reducing of the material. Furthermore, the teeth 55 in cooperation with the teeth I8, 23 and 24 will be very effective to remove from said teeth I8, 23 and-24 any material which tends to accumulate thereon. As a consequence, there will be no appreciable building up of material on the teeth I8, 23 and 24 which would reduce greatly their efficiency, thus presenting the said teeth I8, 23 and 24 substantially clean at all times whereby they will be 'most effective in performing their reducing operation. The teeth 55 also cooperate with said teeth I8, 23 and 24 to reduce to a very fine state any material caught between them. Any irreducible material, such as scrap metal or tramp iron which is engaged by the rotor 40, will be thrown through the throat 34 into the tramp bin 35 where it may be removed by opening the door 36, mounted upon removable top and bottom supports I38.

In order to insure that no material is thrown upwardly through the hopper 25 by the rotor 40, and also to prevent material flowing into the reducing chamber 21 to the right hand side, as seen in Fig. 3, where itwould not be reduced, we provide a block 51 extending laterally completely. across said chamber 21 and adjacent the bottom of said hopper, which prevents such action.

It will be evident that the top casting |2 has at its bottom and ends, portions which extend over pockets |2| and I22 and rest upon. the plates 2| and 22, thus holding them rigidly against the arcuate gratings l5, l5.

By removing the nuts .|3, |3 the top casting l2 may he slid to the left, as viewed in Fig. 2, after a removable plate 58 is removed to free the plates 2| and 22, after which they may be removed by hand, permitting the removal of the gratings l5, l5 by sliding them arcuately around the rotor 40 on the flanges I4, |4 without removing said rotor 4|]. This provides for ready renewal of the gratings l5, l5 and the plates -2| and 22 without requiring the removal of the rotor 40. To provide access to the bottom of the grinder a removable door 60 may also be provided. Removable side plugs 6| and 62 also provide access thereto from the sides of the casting It is thus seen that a grinder is provided which is particularly adapted for grinding sewage screenings or garbage; preferably with the aid of water, which grinder is very efiicient in that the grinding elements are maintained free of any clogging matter at all times.

Obviously those skilled in the art may make hereto appended,-and we therefore wish-not to be restricted'to the precise construction hereindisclosed. Having thus described and shown an embodiment of our invention, what we desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In agrinder, the combination with a casing, of a rotor mounted for rotation in said casing, said rotor including a shaft and a plurality of stacked plates carrying teeth at their edges, the teeth of alternate plates describing circles of different diameters when rotated, and laterally I spaced toothed grating bars in the bottom of said casing forming a grating through which reduced material can pass and positioned so the teeth of some said plates pass between adjacent bar teeth while the teeth of other plates are aligned with other plate teeth, when said rotor is rotated, said grating bars being constructed and arranged to provide uninterrupted arcuate openings extending over arcs of not less than ten degrees through which reduced sewage screenings pass under the influence of the teeth which travel between adjacent grating bars.

- 2. In a grinder, the combination with a rotor having a plurality of rows of teeth which travel paths of different diameters, of a casing within which said rotor is mounted, a plate having teeth with a sharp front cutting edge aligned with the rows of rotor teeth which travel the circles of lesser diameter while the rotor teeth of greater diameter pass through the teeth space of said plate, and a grating in the bottom of said casing having teeth cooperating with said rotor teeth and providing an opening through which reduced material passes.

' STANLEY F. OSSING.

* OSCAR J. FEIGHT.

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