US2256394A - Fabricated metal wall - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 16, 1941. E, G. LAMEL FABRICATED METAL WALL 4 Sheets-Shet 1 Original Filed Feb. 24, 1936 Fig.1

ATTORNEY.

Sept 16, 1941. E. e. LAMEL FABRICATED METAL WALL 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 ori inal Filed Feb 24, 1956 ATTORNEY.

Sept. 16, 1941. LAMEL' FABRICATED METAL WALL 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Original Filed Feb. 24, 1936 v I L OOODOOOOOOO OODOOOOOOOO I 6 ATTORNEY.

Sept. 16, 1941. E. G. LAMEL FABRICATED METAL WALL Original Filed Feb. 24, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ATTORNEY.

Patented Sept. 16, 1941 FABRICATED METAL WALL Edward G. Lamel, Los Angeles, ,Calif.

Application February 24, 1936, SerialNo. 65,369 Renewed May 22, 1939 v '15 Claims.

This invention relates to fabricated steel structures and more particularly to structures in which the walls and floors may be fabricated from steel shapes, particularly provided for the purpose.

It is one of the objects of this invention to provide a fabricated structure in which a minimum of cutting and fitting must be done during erection of the structure.

It is still another object of this invention to provide a fabricated structure in which a minimum of stress is placed upon the joints joining the various members of the construction.

It is still another object of this invention to provide a fabricated structure in which the members forming the joints are so formed that the stresses are directly transmitted by the adjoining members from one to the other and not through the fastening means.

It is still another object of this invention to provide a fabricated structure which may be constructed from standard shapes provided for the purpose and without the necessity of employing special forms for each individual dual structure.

It is still another object of this invention to provide a fabricated structure which may be assembled during the erection of the structure at a minimum expense and without the necessity of employing skilled labor for the purpose.

It is still another object of this invention to provide a fabricated structure in which the same forms may be employed for both the construction of the walls and the floors.

It is still another object of this invention to provide a fabricated structure in which means are provided for supporting the reinforcement sheet upon which plaster or other wall-forming material may be applied.

It is still another object of this invention to provide a fabricated structure in which window frames or other wall openings may be optionally located in any desired position without the necessity of employing special forms for the purpose.

It is still another object of this invention to Provide a fabricated structure in which the walls may be constructed in panelsand set up and joined in the desired manner at the time of erection.

This invention possess other objects and has other applications which will become more easily apparent from a consideration of several forms embodying the invention, which are illustrated by the drawings forming a part of the present specification. These forms will now be described in detail, illustrating the general principles of the invention; but it is to be understood that this detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, since the scope of the invention is best defined by the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a section of wall, embodying the invention;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary view of a section of the channel which supports the vertical columns or studs of the wall of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary view illustrating the manner in which the vertical columns of Figure l are supported by the channel of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a fragmentary view illustrating the manner in which the vertical columns of Figure 1 are secured to the channelof Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary view of another form of the channel illustrated by Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a fragmentary view of still another form of the channel illustrated by Figure 2;

Figure 7 is a fragmentary view of one of the diagonal or sway braces of Figure 1;

Figure 8 is a fragmentary view illustrating one way in which the sway brace of Figure 7 may be secured to the vertical columns of Figure 1;

Figure 9 is a fragmentary view illustrating another way in which the sway brace of Figure 7 may be secured to the vertical columns of Figure 1;

Figure 10 is .a fragmentary view of the channel forming the plate of the wall panel of Figure 1, illustrating the manner in which the structurte reinforcement sheet is supported by the pla e;

Figure 11 illustrates the means provided for securing the reinforcementsheet to the columns and sway braces of Figure 1;

Figure 12 is a fragmentary view'of a section of flooring illustrating the manner in which the channel section of Figure 3 may be employed in the construction of a reinforced concrete floor;

Figure 13 is a side elevation of asection of wall, embodying another form of the invention;

Figure 14 is a side elevation taken from the opposite side of the wall of Figure 13; and

Figure 15 is a sectional view of one of the tubular members formed in the reinforcement sheet of Figures 13 and 14, for engaging the applied reinforced material.

Referring more particularly to Figure 1, the wall of the fabricated structure is formed by a plurality of vertical columns or studs I, which are joined by a plurality of angularly extending diagonal or sway braces 2 on one side of the columns and a like number of sway braces 3 on the opposite side of the column. ,The vertical columns I are supported within the horizontal channel 4, forming the sill, and the tops of the columns are held within the channel 5, which forms the plate extending along the length of the wall. As illustrated by Figure 3, the vertical channels are formed by a web section 6 and the flange sections 1 and 8, having the inwardly projecting web portions 3 and III.

The bottom channel 4 of Figure 1, is illustrated in detail by Figure 2. The channel 4 has a web section II, which may rest upon any suitable foundation, and the upwardly extending flanges I2 and I3. As illustrated by Figure 3, the vertical column I is held between the upwardly extending flanges I2 and I3, which contact the flanges I and. 8 of the vertical column. As illustrated by Figures 1, 3 and.4, the vertical column I has secured thereto the angle plates I4 and I5 which form a foot, by means of which the column I is supported on the web II of the channel 4. In order to provide means for securing the angle plates I4 and I5 to the channel 4, the channel has formed thereon a plurality of upwardly extending lips I6 and II, which may be spaced at appropriate intervals for locating successive vertical columns. As illustrated by Figure 3, the column I is placed with the angle plates I4 and I5 between the upwardly extending lips I6 and II.

The flanges I2 and I3 together with the lips I6 and I! provide means for accurately positioning the foot of the vertical column I. With the column I positioned as illustrated by Figure 3, the foot of the column may be secured to the channel 4 by bending the lips I6 and I1 over the edges of the angle plates I4 and I5 as illustrated by Figures 1 and 4. By means of this construction the vertical columns are securely locked to the bottom channel and positively held against movement in any direction. The lips I6 and Il may be suitably bent into the position illustrated by I6 and I1, Figures 1 and 4, by striking the lips a blow by means of a hammer or some other suitable implement.

As illustrated by Figure 2 the lips I6 and I! are formed by punching a plurality of apertures I8 into the channel 4 and folding the metal adjacent to the apertures in an upward direction to form the lips.

Figure 5 illustrates another form of the bottom channel or sill of Figure 2. In this form the web plate I9 has the plates suitably secured thereto by welding or other means. The plates 20 have the upwardly extending lips 2| and 22 formed thereon in a direction transverse to the length of the web I9 and the upwardly extending lips 23, 24, 25 and 26 projecting in a direction parallel to the length of the web plate I9. As .in the construction of Figures 3 and 4, the vertical column I may be set upon the web plate I9 with the flange plates I4 and I5 between the upwardly extending lips 2| and 22, and the lips 23, 24, 25 and 26. With the column in this position the upwardly extending lips may be bent over the horizontally projecting portions of the angle plates I4 and I5 to lock the vertical column to the web-plate.

Figure 6 illustrates still another form of the bottom channel or sill illustrated by Figure 2. In this-form the channel 21 is formed by the web plate 28 and the upwardly extending flanges 29 and 36. The web-plate has a plurality of incisions 3| and 32 formed therein through which the upwardly extending lips 33 and 34 of the U-shaped plate 35 project. As in the construcand to the vertical column at the desired tion of Figure 2, column I is supported by the channel 21 with the foot formed by the angle plates I4 and I5 between the lips 33 and 34 and the flanges 29 and 30. With the column In this position the lips 33 and 34 may be bent over the horizontal portion of the angle plates I4 and II in the manner illustrated by Figures 1 and 4.

The vertical columns I may be provided with a plurality of equally spaced apertures 38 which are arranged in parallel rows at either side of the web plate 6 adjacent to the flanges 1 and 3. The apertures 36 provide convenient means for securing the angle I 4 and I5 to the vertical columns and for supporting window frames or any other desired structures within the wall panel. For the purpose of supporting window frames, the columns I may have suitable angle plates 31 secured thereto by means of the bolts 38 which pass through the apertures 36 formed in the column I and the apertures 33 formed in the angle plates. The apertures 39 formed in the angle plates may be spaced at the same intervals as the apertures 36 formed in the column I. In this way the angle plates 31 can be secured to the vertical column at any desired elevation. Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the invention in which the angle plates 31 are employed for supporting the window frame 40. In this form the window frame 40 is held between adjacent vertical columns I and is supported by means of the channel 4|, which may be of the same form as the channel 4 and which in turn is supported on a plurality of the angle plates 31. In order to provide means for securing the channel H to the angle plates 31, the channel 4I may be provided with a plurality of projecting lips 42, similar to the lips I6 and II and which may be bent over the horizontally. projecting portions of the angle plates 31. The top of the window frame may be held beneath the horizontally extending channel 43, which may also be of the same form as the channel 4 and which may be provided with extending lips 44 which may be bent over the horizontally extending portions of the angle plates 45, as illustrat d by 44'. The angle plates 45 may be similar in I. very way to the angle plates 31, but are secured to the vertical columns I in the opposite position.

By means of this construction a window frame or wall opening of any desired size may be formed in the wall panel by securing the angle plates 31 elevation.

Figure '7 illustrates in detail the sway braces 2 and 3 employed in the construction of Figure 1. The sway brace 2 is in the form of a channel having the web section 46 and the flanges 41 and 48. The web section 46 has the projecting lips 43 and 50 formed thereon which project from the web section 46 and which are suitably spaced to engage opposite sides of the column I. In order to provide means whereby the web section -46 may rest flush against the flange section I or 8 of the column, the web sections 41 and 48 of .the sway brace 2 are cut away adjacent to the vertical column I between the shoulders and 52 and the lips 49 and 58, after which, the pin 55 may be inserted through the apertures 58 and 64 and the desired aperture 36 in the column.

It is to be noted that all of the stress between the column and the sway brace is carried by the engagement of the shoulders BI and 52 and the lips 49 and 58 with the web. 6 and the lip 9 or III. In this way no material strain is placed upon the connecting pin 55, the sole purpose of the pin being to hold the sway brace in position.

The lips 49 and 58 may be formed by punching the web 46 to form the apertures 98 and 99 and then bending the metal outward to form the lips 49 and 56. V

Figure 9 illustrates another way in which the sway brace, 2 of Figure 'I may be secured to the vertical column I. In this form the lips 48 and 58 are made of a suitable thickness so that they may be bent around the lips 9 and I8 of the column I to lock the sway brace in position as illustrated by 58'.

The channel 5, forming the plate extending along the top of the columns I is formed with the web section 56 and the flanges 51 and 58, as illustrated in detail in Figure 10. The flanges 51 and 56 may be bent to form the channels 59 and 68 extending along either side of the channel 5. The channels 59 and 68 provide means for supporting the reinforcement sheet 6 I, which is provided with the folded edge 62 which projects into the channel 59 or 68. The reinforcement sheet may be of the form described in my copending application Serial No. 702,180, filed December 13, 1933, and may be provided with a plurality of projecting tubular members 63 which provide means for engaging the reinforced plaster material.

In order to provide means for securing the reinforcement sheet M to the vertical columns I and the sway braces 2 or 3, the fastening members 64 are provided which have the folded edge 65 formed on one side thereof, and a plurality of extending fingers 66 on the opposite edge.

The fastening member 64 may be secured to the sway braces 2 by the engagement of the folded edge 65 with the flange 41 or '48. The fingers 66 may then be passed through the appropriate apertures 63 formed in the reinforcement sheet, after which, the fingers 66 may be bent over to lock the reinforcement sheet to the sway braces, as illustrated by 66'. Similarly, the fastening .member 64 may be secured to the vertical columns I by the engagement of the folded edge 65 with the lip 8 and I8, after which the rein-- forcement sheet may be secured to the fastening member 64 by means of fingers 66.

In order to provide means for securing the vertical columns I to the channel 5 forming the plate the vertical columns are provided with the angle plates 61 and 68, which may be of the same form as the angle plates I4 and I5 and which may be suitably secured to the vertical column, and held between the flanges 51 and 58 and the downwardly projecting lips 69 and I8. With the vertical columns in this position lips 69 and I8 may be bent over the horizontally projecting parts of the angle plates 61 and 68 to lock the vertical column to the channel member 5 as illustrated by 69' and III. The lips 69 and I8 may be formed at suitably spaced intervals to conform with the usual spacing of the vertical columns I.'

The present construction provides means whereby a building of any shape may be readily constructed from forms of standard shape and side of the beams II.

plied in lengths to conform with the standard heights of ceilings and if desired may be cut to any-desired length when working around doors or windows. The equally spaced apertures 86 providing means whereby the angle plates I4 and I5, 61 and 68, or 8I-and 45 may be secured to the vertical column in any desired positions. Channels 4 and 5 may also be furnished in standard forms, as the spacing between the adjacent vertical columns I is well established by the building codes of the various communities. The sway braces 2 and 3 may also'be' supplied in standard lengths to conform with the usual heights of ceilings. It is thus obvious that by means of the present construction a fabricated structure .is provided which may be rapidly assembled out of standard'shapes, with a minimum of cutting and fitting on the job.

Figure 12 fllustrates the manner iniwhich the shape employed for the vertical columns of Fig ure 1, may be employed as a beam reinforcement for a concrete floor. In this form the shapes employed for the columns .of Figure 1 are horizontally positioned and suitably supported to form the beam reinforcing, members II. The structural reinforcement rod I2 employed for reinforcing the concrete slab I8 may then be laid on one Suitable reinforcing rods I6 and I5 extending lengthwise of the beam may be secured to the member II by wire hooks I6 which pass through the apertures 36, and which hook over the lip 9 or I8. The members 'II also provide means whereby the molds I8 for the concrete beams 'II may be supported. For this purpose the molds I8 may be provided with the .abutting flanges I9, having the apertures 88 molds I8 may be stripped from the concrete by.

cutting the supporting rods 8I adjacent to the apertures 88 and 82 and by removing that por- -tion of the rod projecting exteriorly of the concrete. By means of this construction the same moldsmay be used repeatedly and no supporting false work is necessary.

Figure 13 illustrates another form of wall. In this form the wall is formed of a plurality of'reinforcement sheets 83, having the opposite flanges 84 and 85 as wellas the lips 86 and 81. The adjacent flanges 84 and 85 and the lips 86 and 81, form in effect an I section, which forms a vertical column for supporting the wall. To provide additional strength the'flange sections 84 and 85 and the lips 86 and 81 may be formed with a thickness .greaterthan that of the remaining part of the sheet 83. The sheets may be supported between the bottom channel 88 and the top channel 89. To provide means for looking the sheets against relative movement the flanges 84 and 85 may have a plurality of equally spaced apertures 98 formed therein. Suitably spaced rods 9i may then be passed through the apertures formed in the adjacent sheets, after which, the bottom channel 88 may be poured full of concrete asillustrated by 93 to firmly lock the sheets with respect to each other and to the channel. To provide additional means for securin the adjacent sheets together, the adjacent flanges 84 and 85 may be spot welded together at spaced intervals.

In order to provide means for supporting plaster or other wall forming materials, the sheets 83 have a plurality of projecting tubular members 94 formed thereon. As illustrated by Figure 15, the tubular members 94 have the neck portion 95 and the flared portion 86, the edges 91, of which are curved bacl; toward the main body of the sheet. The plaster may be suitably applied to the raised surface formed by the tubular members 94. The other side of the wall may be formed by reinforcing sheets suitably secured to the flanges 86 and 81.

The sheets 83 may be formed in suitable lengths to conform with the heights commonly employed for ceilings and may be supplied in widths in accordance with the spacing required between adjacent vertical columns by the building codes of the various communities.

To provide means whereby a finished wall may be formed on both sides of the vertical columns, formed by the adjacent flanges 84 and 85, the channel 89 may be provided with the channel Hill, for supporting a structure reinforcement sheet 98, similar to that illustrated by Figure 10.

It is obvious from the construction that a wall may be quickly assembled by positioning the sheets 83 within the channels 88 and 89, after which the sheets may be locked in position by the rods 9| and 92' and the pouring of the cement portions 93.

.I claim:

1. In a wall section, a sill member having a web section and a pair of upwardly projecting flange sections on each edge of the web section, said flange sections and said web section forming a trough, a plurality of column members supported within the trough formed by said sill member, each of said column members having a web section, a pair of flange sections on each edge of the web section and a pair of lips respectively carried by each of the flange sections and projecting toward the center of the web section, and each of said column members having a plurality of spaced apart apertures formed therein, means passing through certain of said apertures for locking said column members against relative movement, a plate member having a web section, a pair of downwardly projecting flange sections respectively on each edge of the web section, as well as, an upwardly turned lip carried by' one of said flange sections, said plate member being placed over the top ends of said column members so that they are held in place by said downwardly projecting flange sections, and a structural reinforcement sheet having a downwardly folded edge for engaging said upturned lip to support the sheet on the wall section.

2. In a wall section, a sill member having a web section and a pair of upwardly projecting flange sections respectively on each edge of the web section, whereby said flange sections and said web section form a trough, a plurality of structural panel members supported within the trough formed by said sill member, each of said panel members having a web section, a pair of flange sections on each edge of the web section and a pair of lips respectively carried by each of the flange sections and projecting toward the center of the web section, said web section having perforations formed therein to provide means for engaging a plastic material to be applied to one side of the wall section, and said flange sec tions having a plurality of spaced apart apertures formed therein, locking means within said trough and passing through certain of said apertures, whereby the filling of said trough with a cementing medium lockssaid panel members in position, a plate member having a web section, a

pair of downwardly projecting flange sections on each edge of the web section, as well as, 'an upwardly turned lip carried by one of said downwardly projecting flange sections, said plate member being placed over the top ends of said panel members so that they are held in position by said downwardly projecting flange sections, and a perforated structural reinforcement sheet having a downwardly folded edge for engaging said upturned lip to support the sheet on the wall section.

3. In a wall section, a sill member having a web section and an upwardly projecting flange section on each edge of the web section, said flange sections and said web section forming a trough,'a plurality of columns supported within the trough formed by said sill member, each 61 said columns having a web section, a flange section on each edge of the web section and a lip on each of the flange sections projecting toward the center of the web section, reinforcing members connected to a plurality of said columns and having aperture engaging means, a plate member having a web section, a downwardly projecting flange section on each edge of the web section, one of said flange sections having an upwardly turned lip, said plate member being placed over the top ends of said columns so that they are held in place by said downwardly projecting flange sections, and a structural reinforcement sheet having a downwardly folded edge for engaging said upturned lip to support the sheet on the wall section.

4. In a wall section, a sill member having a web section and an upwardly projecting flange section on each edge of the web section, said flange sections and said web section forming a trough, a plurality of columns supported within the trough formed by said sill member, each of said columns having a web section and a lip on each of the flange sections projecting toward the center of the web section, each of said columns having a plurality of spaced apertures, means passing through certain of said apertures for locking said column members against'relative movement, a plate member having a websection, a downwardly projecting flange section on each edge of the web section, one of said flange sections having an upwardly turned lip, said plate member being placed over the top ends of said columns so that they are-held in place by said downwardly projecting flange sections, and a structural reinforcement sheet having a downwardly folded edge for engaging said uplurned lip to support the sheet on the wall secion.

5. In a wall section, a sill member having a web section and an upwardly projecting flange section respectively on each edge of the web section, whereby said flange sections and said web section form a trough, a plurality of structural panel members supported within the trough formed by said sill member, each of said panel members having a web section, a flange section sections having perforations formed therein to provide means for engaging a plastic material to be applied to one side of the wall section, and said flange sections having a plurality of spaced apertures, locking means within said trough extending through certain of said apertures, whereby the filling of said trough with a cementing medium locks said panel members in position, a plate member having a web section, a downwardly projecting flange section on each edge of the web section, one of said downwardly pro-- jecting flange sections having an upwardly turned lip, said plate member being placed over the top ends of said panel members so that they are held in position by said downwardly projecting flang sections, and a perforated structural reinforcement sheet having a downwardly folded edge for engaging said upturned lip to support the sheet on the wall section.

6. A wall section which includes a plurality of vertical columns. each of said columns having a row of spaced apertures, and a plurality of diagonal braces secured to each of said vertical columns, each of said diagonal braces comprising a web section having a flange section on each edge of the web section, said web section having a plurality of pairs of lips projecting therefrom, each pair of lips providing means for engaging the opposite sides of a vertical column and having an aperture, and engaging means extending through the apertures formed in each pair of adjacent lips as well as through one of the apertures formed in the vertical column.

7. A wall structure including a plurality of columns, a sill member mounting the lower ends of said columns, a plate member mounted at the upper ends of said columns, said sill and column members having means for anchoring the lower ends of said columns, said plate having an upwardly extending lip on at least one side thereof, and a reinforcing sheet having a downwardly folded portion for engaging said upturned lip to support the sheet on the plate member.

8. In a wall section, a channel-shaped sill member, a plurality of columns supported within the channel, reinforcing members connected to a plurality of said columns and having aperture engaging means, a channel-shaped plate member having the flanges thereof projecting downwardly over the upper ends of the columns, one

of the flanges having an upwardly turned lip, and a structural reinforcement sheet having a downwardly folded portion for engaging said upwardly turned lip to support th sheet on the wall section.

9. In a wall section, a channel-shaped sill member, a plurality of columns supported within said channel member, each of said columns having a plurality of spaced apertures, means passing through certain of said apertures for locking said column members against relative movement, a channel-shaped plate member having the flanges thereof extending downwardly over the column members, one of said flanges having an upwardly turned' lip, and a structural reinforcement -sheet having a downwardly folded portion for engaging said upturned lip to support the sheet on the wall section.

- 10. In a wall section, a channel-shaped sill member, a plurality of structural panel members supported within the channel member, each of said panel members being channel-shaped in configuration, and having perforations formed in the web thereof for engaging a plastic material applied to one side of the wall section, the.

flanges thereof having a plurality of spaced apertures, locking means within the channel sill ing said upturned lip to support the sheet on.

the wall section.

11. A wall section which includes a pluralityof vertical columns, each of said columns having a row of spaced apertures and a plurality of diagonal braces secured to each of said vertical columns, each brace having a plurality of pairs of lips projecting therefrom, each pair of lips providing means for engaging the opposite sides of a vertical column and having an aperture, and engaging means extending through the apertures formed in each pair of. adjacent lips as well as throughone of the apertures formed in the vertical column.

12. A wall section which includes a plurality of vertical columns, each of said columns having a web section, a flange section on each edge of said web section and a lip on each of said flange sections projecting towards the center of the web section, a plurality of braces secured to each of said vertical columns, each of said braces being channel-shaped, said braces having cutout portions in the flanges thereof at spaced intervals opposite said columns, whereby shoulders formed by said cut-out portions abut against the web and lip of each of said column members.

13. A wall section which includes a plurality of vertical columns, each of said columns having a web section, a flange section on each edge of said web section and a lip on each of said flange sections projecting towards the center of the web section, a plurality of braces secured to said columns, said braces being channel-shaped and of each of said columns and having a lip projecting from the web, said lip being adapted to be extended behind the lip of the column, whereby to lock the brace to the column against displacement.

14. In a wall section, a window opening comprising a plurality of vertical columns having horizontally extending flanges thereon, a plurality of horizontal channel members having lips extending outwardly from their web portions, said horizontal flanges extending between the flanges of said horizontal channel members, and said lips being adapted toengage the flanges, whereby said channel members are secured to said vertical columns.

15. The combination of claim 14, in which the horizontally extending flanges on the columns engage the flanges of the horizontal channel members, whereby said horizontal channel members are held against displacement from said horizontal flanges by said lips and said channel flanges.

, EDWARD G. LAMEL.

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