US2272162A - Wall construction and ground device therefor - Google Patents

Description

ALLACKEY WALL CONSTRUCTION AND GROUND DEVICE THEREFOR Filed Jan. 24, 1939 '2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I lN EN TOR Al exanderl'adr 6y Feb. 3, 1942.

Feb. 3, 1942. A. LACKEY WALL CONSTRUCTION AND GROUND DEVICE THEREFQR Filed Jan. 24, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

INVENTOR Ill 4 1 0/ AZ exanderl a'ckey I atented Feb. 3, 1942 Walls; parti iw L'L cossiiieemnmew m ,7 I DEvIoa Tnm a manna-eimay, Newton, Mass; assisnor'fto 4 The Consolidated ExpandedMetals' Companies.

Wheeling, W. i V Virginia} lai s and a grqu q device 'thereforb It 'rela'tes' mere;

particularly to devices for u seiin' the construction of lath and plaster "walls,- and 's ec'ia11y;de'v es- -foi 'the' attachment er triinfor the ure n re- -Difficulty' has eretofore "been en'counte red inf ccorporation of. West Applieationjanuary 24, miasg'seria n zsaelzf Q fornibf structure taching the trimlo'r" the liketo 'thewall and havelates still more particularly'to devices servingto findi'c'ate the approximate position here the; surface of;the plaster is to bein'lath and plaster ularly at locations where'trim' orthe' j v thecon struc'tionof lath and plaster wans in con-1 nec-tion withf the applicatiort oftrim or the like forseveral reasons.-

'The v expression trim'* or the like" as used herein" means any permanent! attachment to thekwall" extending-outwardly from the surface "of the plaster; as}, iforexample, the usual chair rail," shelf ';r'a ils, "moldin"g;etc. It is necessary to provide some special means for attachmentof:the'trim or the like, as itis notpracticable tofattachithe' same simply to the" plaster. *It has heretofore been proposed to p o vide attaching; means for trim or the like isuch generally. applied to the'lath' around the attach ingmeanspand when thezattaching" means is of inflammable material, 's'uch'asa wood strip, and

vyentiorn in V which;-

surface of the p1aster.'-:

meansto indicatel the" approximatposition ofthe Other details'yfobiects and'fadvantages of, the

invention will becomefapparentas" the following es i was ered mmdim thereof proceeds,

In heiac mp n ir certain presentpreierr dr t me 1 have shown qdiments oi thefin- Figure l is averticaltransverse"cross sectional v view througha portion of a "wall Cbnstriigtionjf' is a fragmentary 'f constructionfshownfin. Figur the plaster andapo rtion of thetrirn rjemqve 'i undna ri-a r 4 1 fFig'ure lis a vertiealtransvers cross-sectional lei of a portion; oi 'fthe struc for'. example, "as I wood strips; either "wife 'tie'd over the lath or nailed to wood blocks secured to metal studs," and 'to which; the trim or Ithe like 'isadapted to beunailed or screwed. Thi'sitype of a construction. is undesirable because the at-' taching'means for the trimor the likeih'asto thereto between the-flangeslthereof; 7

V Figure 6 is ,a verticaltransverse cross-sectional i rm wr i mc s e v Ffigmre 511s apeisbq itiv view-Ker a 'portionof viewof; nother 'fo il ij l'qigurei 1s a" vertic' view'ofstill another form of s'tructurein'which the space between the flanges of the 'ground plate I is left open to accommodate wiresand the like. 2

particularly when vthe 'jtrimr also isof wood, the fireproofness of the structure is greatly reduced.

' Also certain devices for vuse in lath and plaster I studs 2. Each stud 2 comprises aweb portion 3 y- Referringnow 'more particularly to the draw ings, there is illustrated a lath and "plaster wall which in general is of standard construction carried by-gstudding in'the form of spacedmetal and-opposed flanges 4.] The studs-are arranged in up'rightl position and are spaced at 7 suitable intervals with their Web portions lying respec 1 tivelyin parallelplanes and their flangeslying injcommon parallel planes; 'In the drawings only 1 I'provide for the attachment of trim orjthe' like to a lath and 'plasterwall' without impairing the fireproofness"or'soundproofness of the wall and without the necessity of shimming the attachingmeans or ground means;v which are self-' aligninglj- I preferably attach the ground means directlyv to the studding which supports the wall; and as the studding is properly aligned whenfit is 'inst'a lled the g round means is automatically properlyaligned by thestudding; In a preferred usual wooden trimming stripjor chairmantending around theroom at a'- height of; about 30 inches-from the floorl Toprovideforapplication 5 one face of the wall (i. e., that shown at the right-handside oi Figure 1) isshown as finished.

In an ordinaryisingle partition lathand plaster are applied to both 'sides of the studding; although in some cases; as, for example, infurring forexterior Walls or in doublewalls, lath"and'plaster areapplied to only one side of the" stucldin'g iv The wall shown inthe drawingsis provided with trim} showna's being in the form'of the u I W lfp rovide"aground'devlc readily ,perforable toreceive:ffasteningfmeans for at e view lq'flthe wall l ith portions or l transverse cross-sectional plate and elongated in the direction of elonga- The flanges are integral por-' tion of the plate. tions of the sheet metal of the plate formed. by bending them up out of the body of the plate and pressing together the opposed portions of the bent up metal, as clearly shownin Figure 3.

The body of the plate and the flanges thereof are provided with perforations 8 of such size as to receive portions of the plaster of the wall facing to effectively key the plaster to the platepaswill presently be described. The outer extremities of I the flanges I serve to indicate the approximate position of the surface of the plaster in the Wall; and the flanges also render the'plate strong and rigid. They alsoserve as means for indicating where the trim is to be applied and asbearing means for the trim. The trim is connected with the ground plate as will presentlybedescribed. The ground plate is provided in convenient lengths and cut to length as maybe required in 1 any particular installation.

The plate 6 is wired to the studding 2 by wires 9 passing through openings ID in the studs ,and through the perforations 8 in the body of the plate 6 lying outside the flanges I. The plate 6 is 'thus attached to the studding extending around the room or as far as may be desired, after which lathing is applied to the studding and attached thereto in .usual manner. The lathing is shown as being in the form of ex panded metal lath l I, which I find bestsuited for the purpose. A section of lath is fastened to the studdingabovethe plate 6 and another section of lath is fastened to the studding below the plate 6. Preferably the lathing overlaps the portions of the body of the plate 6 lying outside the respective flanges I. The lathing is shown in the drawings-as being fastened to the studding by wires 12, 7

After the ground plate and lathing have been applied as above described the wall is plastered, the plaster being applied to the lathing in the usual manner and also being applied over the ground plate between and outside the flanges I thereof. The plaster is'designated by reference numeral 13. The plaster enters the meshes of the expanded metal lath and keys thereto, wherebyto form a strong permanent wall facing. The plaster also enters the openings 8 in the ground plate and keys thereto in similar manner. Thus there is practically no substantial interruption of the plaster over the entire surface of the wall. The only interruption of the plaster is along the very narrow spaces occupied by the flanges 1 of the ground plate 6, but the plaster even passes through the spaced openings 8 in these flanges. Consequently the soundproofness and fireproofness of the wall are to all intents and purposes as great as those of a similar wall not having any ground or trim or the like applied thereto.

The flanges I of the ground plate '6 project substantially to the wall surface as shown in Figures 1 and 4 and serve as guide means to indicate the approximate position of the surface of the-plaster; This assists in promoting uniwall. The flanges 1 of the plate 5 also serve to strengthen the wall against force or pressure applied at right angles to the wall between studs, as when trim is being attached. Theoretically the outer edges of the flanges 1 lie at the wall surface, although if desired they can be thinly covered with plaster.

The trim 5 is placed over the ground plate 6 and is fastened to the ground plate by screws Preferably the trim is first set temporarily .,-inplace and holes then drilled through the trim,

plaster and ground plate, which is readily perforable, after which the screws are screwed in to hold the trim in place relative to the ground plate. Preferably tapered screws are used, the holes bored in the ground plate being of such size that the screws will be snugly received therein whereby to hold the trim or the like firmly in place. The screw receiving holes in the ground plate are adapted to receive screws for attaching trim or screws for attaching other means, such as wood strips (see Figure 6),, and in certain of the claims the expression trim or the like includes means such as wood filler strips.

The flanges of the ground plate serve to'indicate the proper position for the trim so that after the wall has been otherwise completed and the plastering finished the trim maybe applied. The trim bears upon the flanges 1 of the plate 6 and ordinarily the inner face of the trim lies directly against the outer edges of the flanges. If,',however, the outer edges of the flanges are thinly covered with plaster the inner face of the trim may not lie directly in contact with the outer edges of the flanges, but when the screws 14 are tightened up the load will be carried at least mainlyby the ground plate and not by the general body of plaster in the wall.

Instead of applying plaster in theQspace between the flanges of the ground plate I may .and sometimes'prefer to fill such space with blocks or strips of wood or to partially fillsuchspace with wood and partially fill it with plaster. When wood filler strips or blocks are -to be employed such strips or blocks may be fastened to the groundplate either prior to installation thereof, as, for example, at the factory, or in the field after attachment of the ground plate to the studding, and the means for attaching the trim or the like may in such case have retention in thewood strips or blocks only and not necessarily also in the ground plate itself.

In Figure 5'is shown a ground plate l5 of the same general structure as the ground plate 6 of Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, but having perforations It only in the portions of the plate outside the flanges H. .The flanges l1 and the portion of the plate intermediate such flanges are preferably imperforate, as openings therein would have little or no function, particularly if the Wood filler strip should be applied before installation, as, for example, at the factory where theground plates are made. The wood filler strip I8 shown in Figure 5 is of such size as to fit snugly against the ground plate between the flanges thereof and suchstrip is shown as being "permanently connected with the ground plate by nails l9 passing through the flanges of the ground plate and into the edges of the wood 'filler strip [8. This mannerof attaching the wood fillerstrip to the ground plate is-particularly adaptable for .use when the-wood filler strip is attached to the ground'plat at the factory.

In Figure 6 there is shown another form of structure in which the ground plate 20. is imperforate save at the portions thereof lying outside the flanges 2| and is provided with a wood filler strip 22 connected with the ground plate by j,-

screws 23 which function similarly to the screws M of Figures 1, 2 and 4 except that they pass only through the wood filler strip and ground plate and not through the trim. The trim com prises a trim member 24 which is nailed to the wood filler strip 22 by nails 25, and also trim members 26 and 2'! as shown. The particular; form of the trim, of course, has nobearing on the present invention. I

The substitution of wood for plaster between the flanges of the ground plate does not substantially reduce the soundproofness of the finished wall with the trim applied as compared with a.

similar finished wall with plaster between the limited thereto but may be otherwise variously embodied within the scope of the following claims.

' The word portionf as used in the claims to denote a projecting part of the ground means conwall, theground means having spaced portions projecting substantially to the wall surface, lath and plaster facing also connected with'the studding and whose outer surface defines the wall surface, the facing being discontinuous across the space between said spaced portions of the ground flanges of the ground plate. Moreover, as the I ground plate is made of metal and is substantially continuous the fireproofness of the'wall is not greatly impaired. As indicated above, if it is known in advance of manufacture that the ground plate is to be used with blocks or strips g of wood instead of plaster between its flanges the portion or portions of the ground plate against which the wood lies in use will preferably not be provided with key openings, although a ground plate as shown in Figure 3 with key openings in and intermediateits flanges may beemployed if desired. Key openings or perforations are also preferably omitted between the flanges of ground plates whose flanges are not more than about 1" apart.

In Figure '7 there is shown a further modified form of structure in which the ground plate may, for example, be of the structure of the ground plate ll shown in Figure 5, having key openings only at the portions thereof outside its flanges.

The ground plate in Figure 7 is designated by reference numeral 28 and the space between its flanges 29 is left open to accommodate wires and the like. A pair of wires extending longitudinally along the ground plate and lying between the flanges 29 thereof are shown at 3B. The trim 3! is shown as being fastened to the ground plate by screws 32 functioning similarly to the screws M of Figures 1, 2 and 4. The screws32 may enter the ground plate at the portions thereof lying outside its flanges 29. When this is done the entire space between the flanges of the ground plate is left free for the reception of wires and the like- However, such space will seldom be needed in its entirety, and if not it is generally prefere able .to have the screws holding the trim in place enter the imperforate portion of the ground means and such space being uninterrupted whereby to provide a conduit for wires and the 7 like in thewall, and trim or the like projecting outwardly beyond the outer surface ofthefacing, the trim or the like being fastenedto theground 7 2. Wall construction, comprising spaced generally upright studs, ground means extending generally transversely of the studs and spanning the space between adjacent studs, lath and plaster facing also spanning the space between adjacent Y studs, and trirnor the like projecting outwardly beyond the outer surfaceof the facing, the trim r f or the like being fastened to the ground means. 3. Wall construction, comprising spaced studs, aground plate extending" generally transversely of the studs, individual fastening means fastening the ground plate to the-respective studs, lath and plaster facing spanning the space betweenadjacentstuds, and trim, or the like projecting outwardlybeyond the outer surface'of the'facing,

the trim or the like'being fastened to the ground J plate. y

4. Wall construction, comprising spaced studs, a ground plate extending generally transversely of the studs and having openings therein for the 1 reception of means for fastening the sameto the studs, means entering said openings fastening the ground plate to the studs, lath and plaster facing spanning the space between adjacent studs and trim or the like projecting outwardly beyond the" outer surface of the'facing, the trim or the like being fastened to the ground plate.

5. Wall construction, comprising spaced studs,

a ground plate extending generally transversely" of the studs, the ground plate havingspaced portions projecting substantially to the wall surface,

plate between the flanges of the ground plate. as

shown, as then there will be no danger that the screws may pass through key openings in the ground plate instead of through the metal ofthe plate itself as is possible when the screws pass through the portions of the ground plate lying outside th flanges.

While I have shown and described certain present preferred embodiments of the invention, it iS.

lath and plaster facing spanning the space between adjacent studs and whose outer surface defines the wall surface, there being plaster be-*- tween the projecting portions of the groundplate; I and trim. or the like projecting outwardly beyond the outer surface of the facing, the trim or the likebearing upon the projecting portions of the ground plate and being fastened to the ground plate.

to be'distinctly. understood that the same is not comprising studding,

ALEXANDERLAC EY. v, I

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