US2316819A - Wall structure - Google Patents

Description

RfB. TEDROW WALL STRUCTURE Filed out. 15, 1940 April 20, 1943.

A TTORNEY Patented Apr. 20, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WALL STRUCTURE Roy B. Tedrow, San Francisco, Calif. Application October 15, 1940, Serial No. 361,209

3 Claims.

This invention relates to the construction of concrete walls for buildings or other structures, and especially to a wall structure which eliminates the use of steel or wooden forms to retain the plastic concrete after pouring and while setting.

The building of concrete walls has hitherto been effected by erecting temporary wood or metal forms on both sides of the wall and pouring the space between the forms full of plastic concrete. When the concrete is set, the forms are removed, and if a finish is to be applied, this may be accomplished by plastering or otherwise.

The object of the present invention is genorally to improve and simplify the construction of concrete walls and the like; to provide a precast slab structure which may be erected at the building site to form inner and outer spaced surfaces which will function as forms to retain the concrete when poured in the space between them, and also to provide an exterior and an interior finish to the wall when completed; to provide a pro-cast slab structure which may be quickly assembled during erection, and which is firmly interlccked both laterally and longitudinally to provide a rigid form for the reception of the concrete when poured; and further, to provide a structure of the character described which will facilitate the placement of both vertical and horizontal reinforcing steel, as well as pipes and conduits, in the wall structure when required.

The wall structure is shown by way of illustration in the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1. is a horizontal section of the wall slabs, showing them erected and in positionto receive the concrete;

2 is a perspective view looking at the front of one of the keepers;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view looking at the rear of one of the keepers;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the tie plates;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the interlocking members; and

Fig. 6 is a detail View showing the manner of interlocking the slabs end to end.

The wall consists of elongated slabs A and B, which may be made of any suitable material together with cement or a similar binder. Embedded in each slab, at suitable intervals, are keepers, generally indicated at C. These keepers are best shown in Figs. 2 and 3. hey consist of a base or web 2 having side flanges 33 and inturned front flanges 4-4. which are spaced apart to ioim a slot 5 between them. The web 2 and side walls 3 of each keeper, together with the inturned flanges 4, form channel-shaped keepers in which the channel may be said to be T-shaped in cross section. The web or rear portion of the keeper is cut with a punch and die, as shown at 6, and the cut metal is bent out to form legs I. The keepers are embedded in the inner face of the slabs when the slabs are cast, and they are anchored against removal from the slabs when the material forming them is set, so as to form a permanent part of each slab, the anchoring means being the legs 7. placed in the inner faces of the slabs, but also at the corners, as indicated at 8-8 (see Fig. 1), and in some instances at the ends of the slabs, as shown in Fig. 6.

To space the slabs apart and to interlock them laterally, tie plates such as generally indicated at D are employed. One of the tie plates is shown in Fig. 4. It is made from sheet metal of a suitable gauge, and has openings formed therein so as to form cross-arms llll which tie the two side edges of the tie member'together. The side edges are cut and bent to form lugs l2-l 2 which are adapted to enter the If-shaped channels of the keepers, so as to tie the inner and outer wall slabs together, as will hereinafter be described. It may also be stated that the tie plates may be made of varying widths, and walls of varying thickness can accordingly be constructed. In actual practice the slabs may be an inch, more or less, in thickness; they may be a foot wide, and of any desired length.

In erecting a wall at a building site, a bottom row of slabs is first installed, and a set of halfheight tie plates is introduced between the keepers in the T-shaped channels, so as to maintain the outer and inner slabs spaced apart a given distance, and also to prevent spreading of the slabs. At the corners H-shaped interlocking members are introduced in the T-shaped channels, as shown at M, and if slabs are to be connected end to end, as shown in Fig. 6, similar H-shaped interlocking members or keepers are introduced. After the first tier of slabs has been placed in position, a second tier may be set on top thereof, and full-height tie plates, will then be introduced, the same being true of the H- shaped interlocking members indicated at M. This is important, as the full-height tie plates thus introduced will present their middle or strongest section between each tier of slabs A and B, thus insuring a firm interlock between the inner and outer wall slabs, which maintains the proper spacing laterally; While the H-shapcd in- The keepers are not only terlocks at the corners and ends tie the slabs together longitudinally. After the desired number of tiers have been erected the concrete may be poured into the space E formed between the in ner and outer slabs, and when this is set, a rigid wall will be formed, with the slabs A and B as an integral part thereof.

During the casting of the slabs, any finish may be applied to the exterior surfaces thereof. If a smooth finish is desired, the mold sure faces will be smooth or polished; conversely, if a roughened surface is desired, a similar surface will be formed in the molds. Thus any exterior finish may be obtained during the pre-casting of the slabs, and this eliminates any finishing operation after the wall is completed. Also, the use of steel'or Wooden forms to retain the concrete is obviously unnecessary.

If reinforcing steel is required, horizontal steel bars may be supported and tied to the cross-arms of the tie plates D, and vertically disposed steel bars may be wired to the same cross-arms or to the horizontally extending steel. Thus the introduction of reinforcing steel and the support and retention thereof prior to the pouring of the concrete is materially facilitated. Also, it is to be understood that Wiring conduits, pipe, and the like may similarly be installed prior to the pouring of the concrete, and that such pipes or conduits will be supported by, or may be wired to, the inner cross-arms of the tie plates. The precast slabs may also be employed to form a finished ceiling. In this case the tie plates D, of one half full width, will be nailed to the sides of wood joists to hold up the ceiling; and while this and other features of my invention have been more or less specifically described, I nevertheless wish it understood that changes may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a wall structure of the character described, a slab presenting an inner and an outer face and a top and a bottom edge, a plurality of channel-shaped members formed of sheet metal disposed in the inner face of the slab and extending from the top to the bottom edge thereof, each channel having a web and a pair of side flanges, an inturned right-angular flange formed on each side flange to form a T-shaped slot in each channel member, and a plurality of integral legs formed from spaced, transverse cutout portions of the web of each channel and extending outwardly from the channel to form anchor members for each channel with relation to the slab.

2. In a wall structure of the character described, a pair of spaced slabs, each slab presenting an inner and an outer face and a top and a bottom edge, a plurality of channel-shaped members formed of sheet metal disposed in the inner face of each slab and extending from the top to the bottom edge thereof, each channel having a web and a pair of side flanges, an inturned right angular flange formed on each side flange of each channel to form a T-shaped slot in each channel, and a plurality of integral legs formed from spaced, transverse cut-out portions of the web of each channel and extending outwardly from the channel to form anchor members for each channel with relation to the slab, a plurality of tie plates formed of sheet metal disposed crosswise between the spaced slabs in alignment with the channels and at right angles to the inner faces of the slabs, and lugs at each end of each tie plate disposed in the T-shaped slots of the channels and forming an interlock between the slabs and the tie plates.

'3. In a wall structure of the character described, a pair of spaced slabs, each slab present-. ing an inner and an outer face and a top and a bottom edge, a plurality of channel-shaped members formed of sheet metal disposed in the inner face of each slab and extending from the top to the bottom edge thereof, each channel having a web and a pair of side flanges, an inturned right angular flange formed on each side flange of each channel toform a T-shaped slot in each channel, and a plurality of integral legs formed from spaced, transverse cut-out portions of the web of each channel and extending outwardly from the channel to form anchor members for each channel with relation to the slab, a plurality of tie plates formed of sheet metal disposed crosswise between the spaced slabs in alignment with the channels and at right angles to the inner faces of the slabs, and lugs at each end of each tie plate disposed in the T-shaped slots of the channels and forming an interlock between the slabs and the tie plates, and arms on each tie plate to support and secure reenforcin rods.

ROY B. TEDROW.

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