US2370365A - Heat insulating batt - Google Patents

Heat insulating batt Download PDF

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Publication number
US2370365A
US2370365A US452331A US45233142A US2370365A US 2370365 A US2370365 A US 2370365A US 452331 A US452331 A US 452331A US 45233142 A US45233142 A US 45233142A US 2370365 A US2370365 A US 2370365A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fiber
wool
fibers
batt
cotton
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US452331A
Inventor
Warren C Magill
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sears Roebuck and Co
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Sears Roebuck and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Sears Roebuck and Co filed Critical Sears Roebuck and Co
Priority to US452331A priority Critical patent/US2370365A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2370365A publication Critical patent/US2370365A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/04Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
    • D04H1/08Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres and hardened by felting; Felts or felted products
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/04Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
    • D04H1/08Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres and hardened by felting; Felts or felted products
    • D04H1/09Silk
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425Cellulose series
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43835Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S5/00Beds
    • Y10S5/948Body support with unique, specific filler material
    • Y10S5/949Comprising animal derived product
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/50FELT FABRIC
    • Y10T442/51From natural organic fiber [e.g., wool, etc.]

Definitions

  • My improved batt is highly resilient or springy in character, so that after pressure has been applied thereto it will tend to resume its normal volume.
  • the heat insulating property of an article of this character depends on the presence of innumerable dead air spaces which inhibit the passage of heat. Other factors being equal, the greater the number of air spaces, the greater the insulating quality.
  • My improved batt has an especially large number of dead air spaces by reason of the character and proportions of the fibers employed, and to this quality is added a certain degree of heat reflectivity, whereby heat is reflected back to the warm body, and also a high degree of resilience, thus inhibiting any tendency toward compacting of the fibers which would result in reduction of the volume of dead air spaces and consequent loss of thermal insulating eificiency.
  • the wool which I employ may be high quality new wool, but is preferably of medium to low grade, not only because of its lower cost, but because the cheaper grades of wool have the same wiry or springy quality which I desire. Reworked wool or shoddy is entirely satisfactory for my purposes.
  • the wool, while not indispensable, increases the resilience of the batt.
  • the fiber length of the wool may average'in the neighborhood of A".
  • I also employ approximately 5 to 12% of a relatively straight out fiber which also preferably has a heat reflective surface and which may be natural silk or an artificial fiber, such as -rayon, nylon, Vinyon or casein, or a mixture of several of these fibers.
  • the synthetic fibers which are herein referred to by the,quoted names are well known to the trade and theirchemical composition need not be described; the ones mentioned are given by way of example, and are not intended to be exclusive.
  • These fibers as employed by me are preferably in the neighborhood of 1 to 1 in length and are preferably of a diameter smaller than the cotton and wool fibers described above. This material is employed for the dual purpose of serving as a binder for the cotton and wool fibers and for its heat reflecting properties, inasmuch as it has a more or less about '75 to 80%, my preferred embodiment employing 80% of this fiber.
  • This material is a rather short, kinky staple of about maximum length. (In contradistinction American spinning cotton is' of about and relatively straight,
  • Fig. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a portion of a batt made in accordance with my invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged microscopic view showing the various fibers interlaced in accordance with my invention.
  • the numeral It indicates generally abatt embodying my invention, the numeral l2 representingthe cotton fibers, l3 the wool, and ll the silk or artificial fibers. It will be understood that for the last mentioned class of fibers; may employ one or a mixture of several of the kinds mentioned in that class.
  • the batt may have any desired thickness to meet the specific require- Various modifications coming within the spirit of my invention may suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, and hence I do not wish to be limited to the specific form shown or uses mentioned, except to the extent indicated in the appended clairn.
  • a mixed fiber insulating batt comprising a major proportion consisting of from 75% to 80% "by volume of Oriental kinky staple cotton fiber and a minor proportion of wool and of silk fiber each varying from between 7% to 12% by volume, intermixed by carding or garnetting and felted into fiat resilient batts of even thickness whereby the kinky cotton fiber provides insulating interstices, the wool fiber a binder and resilience element, and the silk fiber a heat reflective and lustrifying component.

Description

Feb. 27, 1945. w. c. MAGILL I 35 HEAT INSULATING BATT Filed July 25, 1942 MarremC/Yg gz Patented Feb. 27, 1945 UNITED sTArEs PATENT OFFICE HEAT INSULATING BATT Warren G. Magill, Elmhurst, Ill., assignor to Sears, Roebuck and C0., Chicago, 111., a corporation of New York Application July 25, 1942, Serial No. 452,331
1 Claim.
long periods of time. My improved batt is highly resilient or springy in character, so that after pressure has been applied thereto it will tend to resume its normal volume.
As is well known, the heat insulating property of an article of this character depends on the presence of innumerable dead air spaces which inhibit the passage of heat. Other factors being equal, the greater the number of air spaces, the greater the insulating quality. My improved batt has an especially large number of dead air spaces by reason of the character and proportions of the fibers employed, and to this quality is added a certain degree of heat reflectivity, whereby heat is reflected back to the warm body, and also a high degree of resilience, thus inhibiting any tendency toward compacting of the fibers which would result in reduction of the volume of dead air spaces and consequent loss of thermal insulating eificiency.
I have found after extensive experimentation that a batt formed of a major percentage of Oriental type cotton and a minor percentage of wool and of either a natural silk or a synthetic fiber produces the desired result. These various types of fibers are intermixed as by a garnetting machine and felted in a manner well known in the art, or in any other suitable manner, in thethe silky straight fibers of American cotton or the like. The kinky and wiry quality of the Oriental type cotton or the like also gives it a high degree of resilience so that it will spring back to normal volume rather than tend to pack down, aswould a straighter or silkier fiber.
1 preferably employ from '7 to 10% of wool, the preferred proportion being about 10%. The wool which I employ may be high quality new wool, but is preferably of medium to low grade, not only because of its lower cost, but because the cheaper grades of wool have the same wiry or springy quality which I desire. Reworked wool or shoddy is entirely satisfactory for my purposes. The wool, while not indispensable, increases the resilience of the batt. The fiber length of the wool may average'in the neighborhood of A". v
I also employ approximately 5 to 12% of a relatively straight out fiber which also preferably has a heat reflective surface and which may be natural silk or an artificial fiber, such as -rayon, nylon, Vinyon or casein, or a mixture of several of these fibers. The synthetic fibers which are herein referred to by the,quoted names are well known to the trade and theirchemical composition need not be described; the ones mentioned are given by way of example, and are not intended to be exclusive. These fibers as employed by me are preferably in the neighborhood of 1 to 1 in length and are preferably of a diameter smaller than the cotton and wool fibers described above. This material is employed for the dual purpose of serving as a binder for the cotton and wool fibers and for its heat reflecting properties, inasmuch as it has a more or less about '75 to 80%, my preferred embodiment employing 80% of this fiber.
This material is a rather short, kinky staple of about maximum length. (In contradistinction American spinning cotton is' of about and relatively straight,
and consequently is not desirable for my pur-- poses.) It will' be understood, of course, that when I refer to Oriental cotton I intend to include India cotton, or China cotton or any other fiber which has similar properties. This type of fiber, by reasonofits kinkiness, will fill a substantially greater volume per pound of fiber and,
hence, will provide more dead air spaces and will thus have greater insulating quality-Ethan smooth or shiny, surface, thedegreeof this quality depending on the character of the specific fiber employed.
In the drawing:
Fig. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a portion of a batt made in accordance with my invention; and
Fig. 2 is an enlarged microscopic view showing the various fibers interlaced in accordance with my invention.
In the drawing forming a part of this specification, the numeral It) indicates generally abatt embodying my invention, the numeral l2 representingthe cotton fibers, l3 the wool, and ll the silk or artificial fibers. It will be understood that for the last mentioned class of fibers; may employ one or a mixture of several of the kinds mentioned in that class. The batt may have any desired thickness to meet the specific require- Various modifications coming within the spirit of my invention may suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, and hence I do not wish to be limited to the specific form shown or uses mentioned, except to the extent indicated in the appended clairn.
I claim:
A mixed fiber insulating batt, comprising a major proportion consisting of from 75% to 80% "by volume of Oriental kinky staple cotton fiber and a minor proportion of wool and of silk fiber each varying from between 7% to 12% by volume, intermixed by carding or garnetting and felted into fiat resilient batts of even thickness whereby the kinky cotton fiber provides insulating interstices, the wool fiber a binder and resilience element, and the silk fiber a heat reflective and lustrifying component.
WARREN C. MAGILL.
US452331A 1942-07-25 1942-07-25 Heat insulating batt Expired - Lifetime US2370365A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2574849A (en) * 1947-08-08 1951-11-13 Sponge Rubber Products Company Resilient compressible fibrous product
US2673819A (en) * 1949-05-26 1954-03-30 John W Wendell Fibrous sheet material and method of making it
US2774127A (en) * 1950-10-24 1956-12-18 Kendall & Co Textile sheet material
US2825389A (en) * 1949-11-23 1958-03-04 Gustin Bacon Mfg Co Process of making a mat or felted structure
US2980570A (en) * 1956-11-07 1961-04-18 Sackner Prod Inc Padding unit
US3016599A (en) * 1954-06-01 1962-01-16 Du Pont Microfiber and staple fiber batt
US3751767A (en) * 1971-01-28 1973-08-14 Kendall & Co Process for the formation of fibrous webs of staple fiber from continuous textile filaments
US3925823A (en) * 1973-03-08 1975-12-16 Us Navy Wettable fire fighters{3 {0 garment
ITUB20152627A1 (en) * 2015-07-30 2017-01-30 Cosetex S N C PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF A THERMO-INSULATING ELEMENT, AND THERMO-INSULATING ELEMENT

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2574849A (en) * 1947-08-08 1951-11-13 Sponge Rubber Products Company Resilient compressible fibrous product
US2673819A (en) * 1949-05-26 1954-03-30 John W Wendell Fibrous sheet material and method of making it
US2825389A (en) * 1949-11-23 1958-03-04 Gustin Bacon Mfg Co Process of making a mat or felted structure
US2774127A (en) * 1950-10-24 1956-12-18 Kendall & Co Textile sheet material
US3016599A (en) * 1954-06-01 1962-01-16 Du Pont Microfiber and staple fiber batt
US2980570A (en) * 1956-11-07 1961-04-18 Sackner Prod Inc Padding unit
US3751767A (en) * 1971-01-28 1973-08-14 Kendall & Co Process for the formation of fibrous webs of staple fiber from continuous textile filaments
US3925823A (en) * 1973-03-08 1975-12-16 Us Navy Wettable fire fighters{3 {0 garment
ITUB20152627A1 (en) * 2015-07-30 2017-01-30 Cosetex S N C PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF A THERMO-INSULATING ELEMENT, AND THERMO-INSULATING ELEMENT

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