US2449165A - Airborne anesthetizing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

vSept- 1948.

J. A. HEIDBRINK AIRBORNE ANESTHETIZING APPARATUS Filed y 1944 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 JAY A HEIDBRINK Sept. 14, 1948. J. A. HEIDBRINK 2,449,165

AIRBORNE ANESTHETIZ'ING APPARATUS Filed May 8, 1944 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 F IG. 4. 2e

11mm 47 45JAY A. HEIDBRINK p 1948- .J. A. HEIDBRINK AIRBQRNE ANESTHETIZING APPARATUS 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 8, 1944 23! 2 QFIG. 5 230 IBM Sept. 14, 1948. I J. A. HEIDBRINK 214491-165 AIRBORNE ANESTHETIZING APPARATUS Filed May 8, 1944 (-3 Sheets-Sheet 4 11 1 224 H02 227 20 F IG. 7. 231 230 2 15a 24 4E 6 1 1 203 247 I r, 1 I 333 I 156 5 157 94 jun/m JAY A- HEIDBRINK Patented Sept. 14, 1948 AIRBORNE ANESTHETIZING APPARATUS Jay A. Heidbrink, Minneapolis, Minn., assignor to Air-Reduction Company, Incorporated, New

York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application May 8, 1944, Serial No. 534,642

8 Claims. 1

My invention relates to'an airborne anesthetizing apparatus and has for its object to provide a complete anesthesia apparatus which can be housed in a small compact case and which can be assembled with very great dispatch, and which when assembled, in conjunction with portable tanks of oxygen and nitrous oxide and with available cans of ether, provides an efficient gas administering device in which oxygen nitrous oxide anesthesia or other gas anesthesia may be supplemented by ether anesthesia.

In combat areas of war and from emergency accidents in ordinary civilian life cases frequently arise which call for speedy operative treatment before the patient can be removed to hospital operating rooms. The remedialtreatment of such cases is very greatly facilitated by the ability to :give, with the utmost promptness, a suitable anesthetic. In combat areas and in connection with accident emergencies of the civil population, it is particularly desirable tohave anesthetizing apparatus which is capable of giving a desirable anesthesia and which is compact enough and light enough so that it may be carried by hand. Tanks .may be carried by hand, and my apparatus when completely housed in its case with everything itherein for the giving of anesthetic, excepting the "tanks .of oxygen, also can be carried very readily by hand. i

Also the apparatus is of such a nature that not only can it be transported by airplane readily and satisfactorily, but it can be with equal readiness dropped by parachute to areas which might be otherwise inaccessible.

It is also important that it be capable of very quick assembly, but such quick assembly must be of a nature which will assure sealing of all connections or joints, as otherwise there might be leakage of the limited supply of gases such as oxygen andnitrous oxide which are available, and the proportions of gases being delivered by the machine might be interfered with. For such emergency anesthetizing outfits it is also essential that use of the gases be conserved notonly from the possible danger of leakage, but in the actual use in inhalation, for which reason the apparatus must include means for rebreathing the gases, including means such as sod-a lime for taking from the gases the carbon dioxide developed in the lungs of a user.

' And since the apparatus necessarily must be compact and of small size, it is essential that the last-named means, that is the soda lime and its container where that is used, shall be relatively small, for which reason it is desira-bleto have ready means of changing the canisters of soda lime and for carrying a sufficient number of them with the apparatus so that fresh canisters will be quickly available. Hence the means for holding the soda lime must be such that quick and easy entrance for replacement of the soda lime canisters will be available. i

It is a principal object of my invention, therefore, to provide an anesthetizing apparatus made up of numerous parts which, with canisters of soda lime and standard cans of ether, will be conveniently packaged in knocked-down condition in a small case analogous to a suitcase, and which may thus be transported by plane and carmm by hand into inaccessible places and which may be very rigidly assembled and puttogether and connected with suitable tanks of anesthetizing gases, all connections being quick-actuated sealing connections.

It is a further object of my invention to provide an absorber head having a chamber and passages, and a rebreathing bagconnected with the passages and an inhalation tube connected with the passages, and to provide in the chamber quick-operating valve means of an oscillating type such that the exhalation gases may go to the rebreathing bag through a container of absorber material such as soda lime and through the material therein or be caused to go to the rebreath ing bag outside of said container, or may in part go through the absorber material and in part go around it.

It is a further object of my invention to provide an oscillatible valve structure with two valve closures cooperating with two valve members such that when one is opened the other is closed, and to provide in conjunction therewith a valve operator, which with a single turn may shift the valves to an on position or an elf position for controlling the flow of gas through the absorber or around the absorber, or may be positioned to permit a divided stream of the gas mixture 'to go in selected proportions both through and around the absorber.

It is a further object of my invention to removably support a container of absorber material within the absorber casing by a spring member adapted to close the bottom of the casing, where,- by sealing contact of the upper part of the, con-1 tainer is effected whenever the bottom of the easing carrying a container therewith is clamped upon the casing. i

It is a further object of myainvention to pro- :tablished.

the casing.

to the inhaler.

It is a further object of my invention to formf-f= therein canisters of absorber material, cansof openings through the lower part of the canister holding chamber and to provide an overlying shield above said openings so that dust from "the absorber material will be prevented from going with the exhalation gases out of the absorberholding chamber and into the rebreathing bag.

scription thereof and the novel means and combinations of elements by which the aforesaid advantageous results are secured will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings illustrating my invention in one of its forms:

Fig. 1 illustrates in part perspective the different elements of the anesthetizing apparatus in the base section of the container case.

Fig. 2 is a view in part perspective of the cover part of the case showing the manner of packing ether, and the'like'.

.15 Fig.3 illustrates-the machine set up for use --with the addition of tanks of oxygen and nitrous "-oxidewhi'ch are transported separately from the othermaterial.

It is a further object of my invention to probrokeri away and in section showing the arvide a receiving and delivery chamber abovethe 1 absorber chamber having sealed therein passageways or: chambers with valved openings from the top. of one and the bottom of the other chamber andwith check valves operative therein, such that one opens and the other closes upon inhalation and that said valves open and close revers-ely upon exhalation. '-'-It is a further object of my invention to provide a. casing having connected therewitha rebreathing bag and embodying an exhalation chamber'and an inhalation-chamber and an absorber chamber between the two, together with means .for controlling flow of exhalation gasto go through, the absorber chamber, around it, or partly through and partly around it, and with an exhalation tube and an inhalation tube having valved-connection to the respective exhalation and inhalation chambers, whereby a closed breathing line through or around or partly through-and partly around the absorber is es- It is a further object of my invention to provide a mixing chamber in the inhalation part of the closed breathing line outside of the casing and to deliver nitrous. oxide and oxygen inpredeterminedrproportions to the mixing chamber,

whereby the gas mixture will go to the patient upon inhalation of the gases ahead of the gases from the rebreathing bag.

, It. is a further object of my invention to provide in communication with the mixing chamher, a safety valve adjusted to relieve pressure in the inhalation line whenever the delivery of "oxygen and nitrous oxide thereto brings the pressure above a predetermined point. 7 It, is a further object of my invention to providemeans, adapted to be removably connected with the casing for delivering ether to an evaporator located in the inhalation chamber within It is a further object of my invention to pro- ;vide in the ether supplying apparatus means for 'detachably supporting a standard canofether Jinerect position and sealed into the ether delivery of other from the can of ether supported thereon and to cause it to produce automatic continuation of drop feed upon a series of porous evaporator plates located within the path of travel ofthe gases from the rebreathing bag and Other objects and advantages of my-invention will appear inconnection with the detailedde- Fig. 4 is an elevation view with some parts rangement of parts for controlling gas passing on. exhalation and inhalation through the apparatus to and from the rebreathing bag. 1 Fig. 5 is a complete sectional elevationview taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 6. p v

Fig. 6 is a sectional plan viewtaken on line 6-6 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation view of a portion ofthe upper part of the apparatus taken online 1-1 l f Fig.6. 7 j c Fig. 7a is a sectionon 1ine'ia--|a of Fig. 7. Fig. 8 is a sectional view. of the lower part of what isshown in Fig. 5 showing a modified form of ether vaporizer. t Fig. 9 is a sectional elevation view of a portion of the apparatus taken on line 9-9 of Fig. 6. Fig. 10 is a part sectional elevationview of the automatic ether dropper member adapted to be removably connected with themain breathing head. I I

Fig.11 is a transverse part sectional view taken substantially on line l|-|I of Fig. 7. v Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken on line [2-12 of Fig. 10. s

:Fig. 13 is a top plan view of the main casing head.

Fig; 14 is a part sectional view of the connection of the ether member to the top of the main casing.

- Referring to Fig. 1, a carrying caseis provided comprising a bottom or base portion l5 having a handle is with a top portion l1 adapted tube locked together by means of. side hasps I8, as indicated inFig's. 1 and 2.,-Wi thin the bottom casing l5 are positioned when not in use a supporting standard l9, a gas v delivery head 20, breathing tubes 2| and 22 connected with a masl; structure 23, an ether dropper attachment 24, a flow valve tank oonnector.25 attached to the head 20,-and- tank tubes 26 and 27.. 1 I

--In Fig.2 is shownthe coverpart of thecase with storage therein .01 a series of soda lime containers 28, of ether cans 29 and of packages, containing ampules of pentothal sodium or other anesthetic supplies.

Fig. 3 shows these several elements connected together in operative position, wherein the stand- ..ard l9 isheldby a centrally disposed socket .(not shown) inthe bottom member 15 which;thus becomes the supporting base for the erected organization and all of the parts supported from the standard l9. This is shown in combination with an oxygen tank 3| and a nitrous oxide tank 32 which will be-transported independently of the parts contained in the case !5I1. V c,-z-"..'Ihe,;gas delivery head 2|] comprises an outer z ontal annular flange 34 is an annulargasket 36.

A cap piece S'Ijhas an annular horizontal wall 38 with an annular skirt 39. The wall 38 engages the annular gasket 36 and is held in gas tight relation thereonby a multiplicity of sheet metal screws 40, Figs. and 13.

' .The cylindrical wall 33 has secured to the bottom thereof an annular ring 42, Figs. 4, 5, and 8, which embodies at its bottom part an annular groove 43 wherein is situated an annular gasket 44. A'lower cap piece 45 has an annular bevelled rim 46 which is held in engagement with the gasket by means of a hasp 47. This hasp is operated by a well known bail-snap lever arrangement generally shown in Fig, 3 and desig hated e511 This operates to lock it in a socket I 48 inc. support member 49 united with a depressed part 50 of the bottom cap 45, as clearly shown in Figs. li and 5.

At the center of the bottom part l5 of the case isan upstanding socket, not shown, which receives the shank end portion lea, Fig. 1, of standard l9. An internally threaded clamp member I9?) is screwed uponthe upper threaded end of the socket member which holds the standard l9 rigidly erected in position, with the bottom case section'l5 as its supporting and stabilizing base. "Upon a side of the annular ring 42 is a connector piece ll, Fig. l, which is keystoneshaped and which enters a correspondingly shaped slot ll" on the standard l9, Fig. 1. Thus to mount the head 29 in operative position it is only necessary to slip the shank l9 into the socket member (not shown), screwing down the internally threaded nut I91), and then to insert the member 4! on ring 42 in the slot 4| and the assembly is complete. This can be done with very great dispatch and gives a rigidly effective support for the head and the parts carrie thereby and to be connected therewith.

Secured to the bottom cap by means of screw bolts 5|, Fig. 5, which extend through tubular spacers 52, is a cup 53. This cup is provided with aflaring flange portion 54, as clearly indicated in Figs. 4 and 5. At the center ofthe cup a tubular guide member is provided which is secured to the center of the bottom 56 of the cup 53, and which has a portion 5? above said bottom and a second'portion 58 below said bottom. A series of apertures 59, preferably round, are formed about the guide member 51, and surrounding the apertures 59 is an upstanding annular wall 60.

Overlying the chamber 6| formed inside of the annular wall 60 and leading to the apertures 59 is a plate 62 preferably formed with a sloping annular extension 63, as fully shown in Fig. 5. This plate carries a plunger member 64 which is slidably positioned within the guide 55 and which eX-- tends below the bottom portion 58 of said guide, as indicatedat 65. A compression spring 68 tends to push the plate 62 upwardly so asto bring a stop ring 6'! toward engagement with the lower edge of the portion 58 of guide 55. The entire assemblage of the bottom cap 45, the cup 53, and the parts carried thereby is thus readily removable b simply releasing the hasp 41.

The bottom cap 45 has secured thereon by means of a nut 68', as clearly indicated in Figs.

.4, 5, and 8, a nipple 98 on which is a rubber bushing 69 having thereon an annular head l9, Fig. 8, positioned about the neck. 72 of a rebreathing 6 bag ll, Fig; 8; This is adapted to be drawn over the nipple 68 and in, that manner the bagis removably connected with the bottom cap 45 and opens at 13 into the chamber 14. This chamber id, when the parts are assembled as in Fig. 5, is in direct communication with the openings 59 from the chamber 6| inside the annular wall 60, and also is in communication with an annular chamber lswhich surrounds the walls of cup53 and extends upwardly about a second cup 16 with a flaring annular bottom portion 11, which faces butis spaced from the annular flaring upper portion 54 of cup 53.

This arrangement provides a simple and efiicient means for introducin into the head 29 a container E8 of absorber material such as soda lime. This is an ordinary can-like container having a cylindricalwall 19 formed with top and bottom members through which the gases of exhalation may be caused to move when that is indicated. The bottom member 89 may be of sheet metal provided with a series of round holes 8|, as indicated in Fig. 5, or provided with a reticulate bottom, as indicated at 82 in Fig. 8; or, if desired, the reticulate bottom 82 may be laid upon the sheet metal plate 80, as indicated schemati cally at 83 of Fig, 5.

The top member 84 of absorber container 18 is, as shown, formed of sheetmetal with a multi-' plicity of small perforations through it where it overlies the soda lime in the container. It is, however, provided with an annular rim 85 formed with an annular bevelled face 86 which isadapted to engage a bevelled face 8'! preferably formed with a solid backing 88, as indicated in Fig. 5.

From the above it will be apparent that for inserting an absorber container such as a can of soda lime, it; is only necessary to take off the bottom cap 45 and the parts carried thereby, to set the can of soda lime with its bottom 80 adjacent its center in. contact with the bottom, plate 62 and to return the cap 45 and parts connected thereto together with the can ofsoda lime into closing position. This will cause the annular bevelled face 86 at the top of the can 19 to engage the annular bevelled face 8'! fast on the cup 16. The spring 66 will then be compressed and when the hasp 41 latches the arrangementin position the soda lime container 18 will be removably held by the pressure of said spring through plate .62 against bottom 80 in sealing contact through bevelled face 86 with bevelled face 81.

The cup 16 is provided with a top 89 having a raised portion 90. The solid part 88 for forming the walls 8! is contained in the angle between the cylindrical wall of the cup 76 and the top wall 89. At the center of the upper portion 90 of top wall 89 is a circular opening 9| which coincides with a similar opening 92 in a horizontal wall 93 which forms a partition separating an upper chamber 94 formed within cylindrical wall 93 from the annular chamber 15 heretofore described and from a lower chamber 95 opening directly to the top of soda lime container 18.

Secured by means of a nut 95 is a, valve ring 91 which has a part 98 that effects a clamping of the upper part 90 of the top 89 of cup 19 upon the wall 93. The upper edge of the part 98 forms an annular valve seat 99, which is adapted to be engaged by rocking valve member I00 pivoted at lfll to an oscillatible valve carrier 12, which. in turn is pivoted at N13 to a stand I04 supported by the partition 93.

Opening intothe annular chamber 15 which surrounds the. soda. lime holders 53- and; 16 is. a cylindrical member I05 Supported upon the partition93 and which isprovided with an annular valve seat I06. The valve seat I06 is adapted to be engaged by a valve member I01 pivoted at I08 to .the oscillatible or rocking bar I02; A spring I09 is connected atone end with a hook member [I fast on the rocking member I02 and at the other end with a peg I03 which extendsthrough the horizontal annular portion 38 on the cap piece .31. V 1 1 The upper edge HI of the rocking arm I02 is engaged by a ball II2 supported in a socket H3 at the end of a tubular piece II4 which surrounds'a stem 5 having an enlarged screw threaded portion I I6 secured to a hand wheel I H. The piece I I4 is secured to the stem I I5 by means of a pin II8 which extends through slots I19 and I20 in the sides of the tubular member I3 and also extends through the stem I I5. A spring I2I ishous'ed within a bore in the lower end of stem H5 and engages a bottom wall I22 which closes the lower end of the tubular member II4 above socket I I3 and permits the contact of ball II2 with surface IIIto adjust itself as the screw member H6 is turned. The threads I23 of the threaded portion II6 of stem II5 engage interior threads I24 in a member I25 which is rigidly. secured upon the cap piece 31 by brazing indicated at' I26. A packing nut I21 is threaded upon'member I25 and makes the union of the valve operating members in the cap piece 31 gas tight;

[The threads I I6 and I24 are of a comparatively steep pitch so that a single full turnof the hand wheel I'I1 will rock the bar I0'2and cause the valves I00 and. I01 to shift position. The hand wheel, as shown in Fig. 13, is designated as absorber and has two arrows respectively designated as oil and on. It also carries a stop I28' which isadapted to engage a side of a finger I29 which rises from plate I30, Fig. '13, resting upon the horizontal annular wall 38 and secured by a pair of screws 40.

The arrows which maybe designated 'as'-I3I and I32, as shown in Fig. 13, are both pointing away from the pointer bar I29. This is the neutral position in which'both valves I00 and I01 are held off of their valve seats and the stream of exhalation gases will be equally divided, one part going through the absorber material in container 19 and the other part going around it through chamber 15. When the hand wheel H1 is turned tocarrythe stop I28 into contact with the pointer bar I29 the on arrow will point downwardlytoward the stop indicating that the valve-members have been shifted, valve I01 to closing position and valve I00 to open position; that is the absorber is on at that time and the absorber is in full use. Upon turning the wheel a substantially full turn the stop I28 will engage the other side of pointer bar I29 and the arrow designated as off" will then point upwardly to the pointer bar and in this position valve I00 will be'fully closed and valve I01'will be fully open and the absorber is off,' tha't isentire1y out of operation so no exhaled gases will pass through the absorber. The positions of the off arrow and the on arrow other than those above mentioned relative to the pointerbar-IZQ will inform the operatorof the degree of opening of the two valves simultaneouslywlt follows thatyin addition to the equal opening of the two valves, as indicated in 'Fig. '13, the absorber .valve I00 may be openedl-aonly atriflaandlthe free flow valve, I01 opened a great deal or vans; tions may be made as the operator may elect. f The principal purpose of this adjustable valvie arrangement is to permit the operatorfto" vary the degree of carbon dioxide, absorptionas the condition of the patient may require. This will insure against over absorption, resulting in complete removal of carbon dioxide, which would have a tendency to prevent needed breathing stimulous and result in shallow breathing, This also enables the operator to use the soda liine in the container to the best advantage. Thus when the container is filled with fresh sodalllme, absorption will be relatively complete and a dilvided stream of air may be necessary. On the other hand, when the soda lime or other absorber material approaches the point of exhaustion; it will be desirable to permit a greater and greater amount of exhalation gas to pass throughitup to a full delivery of theentire exhalation as through the absorber material, .j In practical operation a mixture of two gases, namely oxygen and nitrous oxide, wlllbe employed. Referring to Figs. 3, '1, and ll, the means of introducing these gases into the breathing line Will-now be pointed out. Thus referringto Fig. 11, oxygen from tank 3| passes'throu'gh tube 26 and through a closure flttingfl210,fand through a valve casing I33 past 'a'sprlng oper ated closure valve I34 into tube I35 of anew valve of well known construction. This flow valve has a float I36 upon a stem I31, the flow valve and stem operating in an expanding passageway I30. From passageway I38 the gas goes through an opening I39 and a passageway I40 and thence through a port I40, Fig. 6, and into mixing chamber MI in a fitting which is permanently connected with a tube connection'l'fl This connection is in efiect a nipple brazed into and, extendingthrough casing wall 33. 1From chamber I4I the inhalation gases and oxygen 20 through a nipple extension I43 connecting with the breathing tube 2I which go to a suitablemask structure I44, Fig. 3. Y The nitrous oxide flows from tank 32 through rubber tube 21 into a delivery passage I46 in tube I45 formed in a connector piece I41, Figyil. The connector piece I41 is shown in section and it will be understood that this connector pieceis identically the same in structure both. internally and externally as connector piece 210. The nitrous oxide flows past open valve into. a flow gauge tube I49 forming. an expanding passageway I50. Within the passageway'l50 is a float I5I having stem I52 in all respects like the float I36 and stem I31 in the oxygen float valve structure I35. The nitrous oxide goes from the passageway I50 through a port'l53 and a passageway I54 opening into the mixing chamber :I4 I through anopen port I 55, as shown in Fig. 7.5;...

Thus the chamber I II receives the oxygen and nitrous oxide from opposite sides. thereof. so.the chamber I4I becomes in fact the mixing chamber and the mixture is carried through the connector I43 and'inhalation breathing tube 2I directly to the breathing passageway of the patient l The tubular passageway I42 is permanently connected, Figs. 6 and '1, with an inhalation chamber I56 formed within a cylindricalmember I51 in the exhalation chamber 94. It has 'a closed top I58 and a large port I59, Fig. 7, which is adapted to be closed by a-flap valve I60, pivoted upon a hook pin I6I and restrained by a stop pin I62. The port' I59 opens into inhalation chain-'- ber 15 which communicates with rebreathlng bag II so that-inhalation draws gases from the rebreathing bag, and the fresh oxygen and nitrous oxide delivered to the mixing chamber I4I moves as a mixture to the lungs ahead of the rebreathing bag gases.

The ends I83 and I64 of the oxygen flowstem I31 and the nitrous oxide flow stem I52 register with gauges I65 and I98 which give the reading of flow volumes in liters per minute of the respective gases. This new is controlled by valves I61 and IE8 on the tanks 3| and 32, Fig. 3.

Exhalation passes from the mask I44 through the exhalation breathing tube 22 into a passage- Way I 69 formed within a tube I19 with which the breathing tube 22 connects. The tube I19 is fast upon and passes through the cylindrical casing wall 33, Figs. 6 and 9, and into a chamber III formed by a cylindrical member I12, and having a closed bottom I13 and a top I14 formed with an opening I15 which is closed by a flap valve I16. The flap valve is mounted upon hook pivots I11, Fig. 6, and is restrained in its upward movement by a hook pin I18. When the flap valve is opened by positive pressure, gases of exhalation flow through the passageway I69, the chamber Hi, the port I15, into the chamber 94. From chamber 94 the gases of exhalation may go either through the soda lime container 19 or about that container or partly through the'container and partly about the container, according to the position of the valves I99 and I91. Whichever path or paths of travel is followed, the exhalation gases ultimately go to chamber 14 and thence through opening 13 and tubular connector 98 into the rebreathing bag1I. There is thus from the mask I44 a closed breathing line which includes for inhalation the inhalation tube 2| connected'through the nipple passageways I43 and I42 and mixing chamber I4I, through chamber I56 and chambers 15 and 14 connected with the rebreathing bag II, and a connected exhalation passageway going through exhalation tube 22 connecting with passageway I69, chamber I1I, upper chamber 94and thence, either through the soda lime container 19 or around or in a divided stream through and around it, to the chamber 14 and rebreathing bag 1I.

The connector members 219 and I41 are exactly alike so thata description of one corresponds to a description of both. Having reference to Figs. 1 and 11, the details of the connector member and of the parts with which it connects are clearly shown. Thus flow tube I49 (or I is provided with a threaded end I19 upon which is screwed a piece I89 having an annular extension I8I with a central aperture I82 therethrough.

On tubular extension I83 of this piece is screwed a cup portion I84 of a member having a tubular extension part I85 formed with a central tubular unthreaded bore I 86. The cup member I84 has at its bottom an annular gasket I91 which also forms a seat for the valve member I49.

This valve member is in theform of a disc with a cylindrical projection I88 which is surrounded by a compression spring I89 normall pressing lilac valve I48 into closing contact with the gasket The valve I48 is also providedwith a plunger head I99 which, as references to the respective Figs. '1 and 11 clearly show, is flat and rather narrow in one of its dimensions and somewhat expanded in the other dimension, so as to substantially engage the walls of passageway I86and hold the valve in proper position relative to the 10 valve seat on gasket I81 and at'the same time to provide gas passages, I99 to the valve I48.

' The tubular extension I is also provided with oppositely disposed pins I9I and I92 which extend outwardly therefrom but not into the passageway I86, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. The connector member I41 is provided with tubular extension I93 which at its inner end is of less diameter than the width of the pusher head I99. Th connector piece I41 is provided with an annular flange-like extension I94 upon which rests agasketl95. i I j,

A second tubular member I96, Fig. 11, is pro,- Vided with an internally disposed annular flange I91,,which' surrounds the outer portion of the lower. part of the tubular connector piece I41. A look ring I98 engaging an external groove in, the connector member I41 and engaging theannular flange I91 may hold the member'l99 upon the assemblage, after a spring I99 has been positioned about the member I41 between the flange I94 on it and the flange I 91 on the second tubular meniber I96 to hold the gasket I95 against the end of tube I85. I I.

, In making the connection, which can be, done very quickly, the tube extension I93 of connector member I41 is pushed into the tubular bore I86 until its end engages the pusher head I99 which will lift the valve I48 from its seat and. through passages I99 will open communication. between passageway I59 in tube. I49 and passageway-I46 inconnectorpieceMl. I I I The member. I96 is provided with bayonet slots 299, Fig.;11 right, oppositely positioned and open ing through the top edge thereof. By pushing up againstthe pressure of spring I99 the pins I9I and,I92 may be caused to move down into the bayonet slot, and then by turning the member I98 (or member 219) it will hold the partsmin almost instantly assembled locking relation... and simultaneously will cause the valve I48 (or. I34) to be held properly opened. In this manner the oxygen and nitrous oxide connections can be made with certainty of prevention of leakage and with the expenditure of very little time, allimportant where the apparatus is to be given emergencyuse. .3

Since the mixing chamber I 4| receiving the gases directly from oxygen deliver tube I54, and since nitrous oxide delivery tube, I49 is closed against positive pressure therein and in the pas-. sageway leading to the mask by reason of the flap valve I69, Fig. '7, holding against internal pressure, I have provided means. for .relieving pressure should it rise above a desired low point. This means is shown in detail in Fig. 7. I 1

It'comprises a cup-shaped seat 29I which has a bottom flange 292 surrounding a nipple 293 fast on member 294 forming. the breathing chamber I4l. An opening 295 connects the breathing chamber I4I- with a chamber296 within the cup member 29L A valve casing 291 has an annular flange 298 which engages the upper wall of the upper annularjedge of member 29I. A bolt 299 formedas a part of or rigidly united to the valve casing 291, extends across. valve chamber MI and by means of the valve casing, knurled on its outer surface, is-screwed at its end into a threaded opening2I9 in a boss 2 formed on the mixing chamber member 294.

1 casing 291 and formed with an annular valveseat '11 H5, as shown. By screwing the bolt 2-09 down tightly, a gas tight union is efifected at 2B8 and also at 2; where the upper edge of nipple 203 ehga'ges the face of fiange2l1 all these contactmg members being milled smooth to make sure-of meter to metal sealing contact, since ether vapor tends" to destroy rubber and like gasket mate rial'and hence gaskets cannot be used. I

' A valve 220 is held upon the valve seat 2l5 by a spring 22!. The spring 22! engages a cap piece 222 which has a socket 223 which enables it to be turned more or less within the threaded inner wall 224' of valve piece 201, by which the tension of the spring 221 may be adjusted. A look 1 mg 225 holds the cap' piece in its adjusted position. Apertures 226 in the valve casing 201 permitready escape of gas when the valve 220 'responding'to pressureo'f the gas in the mixing chamber MI is forced open. s

' Iprovide means for the effective administration of ether. For this purpose I provide a hollow connector piece 221 which is secured upon the cap member 31' by means of a ring -228 brazed to the outside of member 221 and brazed upon the cap piece 31, Figs. 5 and 14. The upper part :oi connect'or piece 221 encloses a cylindrical pas sageway 229, Fig. 5, and embodies outwardly extending pins 230 and 23L" h Theconnector piece 221 which is'cylindricalin its upper'portion'has an outwardly flaring portion 232 which on'its inside forms an annular valveseat 233engaged by the edges of a conesh'aped'valve page 234, the apex or corie extendmg u wardly; 'A'tubular extension 23501 the views piece is provided with aser'i'es (Sf-apertures 236 an'dlis surroundedbya spring 231 whichnoriri allyhblds' 'the valve piece" 234' in engagement win'uue vawe est'z as';

closure member 238 has a cylindrical exterti-allythreaded'pertion 239 which. is screwed into anaint ernally threaded extension 240 of connector piece .221: Th'is'formsa seat at 241 for the spring 235 "and also engages'a' gasket 242 with ari out weirdly-"extending annular flang s; Hence by screwing up on the' assure member 238;: an air tightseal isinade'for'the' chamber 244 formed Within the member 243. 1 3 A 'h'ollownipple 245 extends central-1y downward from "the. closure piece 239 and is connected wi'th" a m'etallic delivery tube 2454- The tube 2461 has 'an intermediate downwardl -slanting portion 2'41- and-avertical portion 248 which is held w'ithiii a reinforcing collar 24 9" to" pass through the partition 93, 'a's clearly shown in Figs. rand '51 I As shown in Fig 8, the vertical part of the tube 2118- is extended, as indicated at 250, and'is provided Witha slanting portion 251 "-f or conducting the ether to adr'o'ppen point 31-5 as willsbe hereinafterpointed out in detail. a An automatic ether dropper designated generally with the numeral 252" is formed with a mainsupporting standard-253. This" is formed with'la bottom hollow threaded boss'254on which is'screwed an internallythreaded nut 255 which forcesthe. upper edge ofa tubular member 256 against a sealing gasket 256.",Fig. 10; The memhen-256- is.thus heldrigidly extended fromthe supporting standard .253 and its interiorpassagewaiy...251..is held in gas: tight: relation therewith. The member 256 has fast thereon a-tubular'ooupler- 2581 which. in part is knurled,- as indicated at1253eand; which has. oppositely disposed bay 0net slots.,26H: adapted to be, slipped over the pins 23.0: and..2:3 Iasee 14. tubular. portion 281 provided with. indented openings .262 is thrust against the valve 234 a's the parts are'brought together, resulting in pushing the valve 234 from its seat 233 ,--Fig. 14. This opens communica tion through passageway 251 -into passageway 229., and thence past the valve 234- into---passageway 238 and into nipple passageway leading to the tubular extension 246. 'Inthi's manner the ether delivery assembly is 'readilysecured upon the head 20 inoperative relation thereto-= Ether is provided in standard cans 263, which, as is customary, are provided with an outwardly flaring neck ri'in 26 5' Fig. IO The standard-253 has formed therewith a unitary oiiset portion 265 which embodies at its lower part a seat zfiii where in is a gasket 261 adapted to receive-the upper edge of the flaring portion 264 of the ether (can neckv A clamp member 258 has afork 259: which embraces the-flaring neck 26 3. The clampmemher is provided With-aboss 211 in whichis-thread ed a screw bolt 212 held in position by a yoke-213 pivoted upon a pin 21 d to anupstanding boss 2'15 formingapartof extension 285. The'endli-of screw belt 212 engages a seat 276 'on the-boss-215; With this arrangement the upper edge ofether can neck 214- can be drawn up in gas tight relation against the gasket 266, and the container 'of ether 263' can bequickly replaced with other-containers taken from the stock 29' thereof carried in theupper part I1 of the case, Fig. 2. I Since it can be readily replaced with a" fresh gasket; in this relation a gasket can be employed;

A tube 211 is secured bymeans of a; nut 21B in=a recess 213- formed in the lower side of the part 265 of standard 253 within the seat 256 holding the gasket 251 This-recess connects witha bore 280' in offset part 265, Figs. 10 and IZ, which bore in turn connects with a downwardly turned bore or passageway 28! whichextends through standard 253 and then obliquely at 232, Fig. 10, to the'chamber 251, heretofore described. The tube 211 has at its bottom a screen indicated generally" at 283' and it connects as shown in dotted lines at 284 with a chamber 285.

Leading from this chamber is a bore 285 whi'ch connects with a bore 281 in-"the standard 253. The upper part of. bore2-81 enters a flaringwalle'd: cup 288. at the upper part thereof. To this cup is secured a rubber bulb 289. The lower part of bore 281 connects by an obliquely disposed extension 290'with a valve chamber 29i formed in an ofiset part 292 of the-standard 253.

At the bottom ofvalve chamber 291 is a needle valve block 293 held in positionby alock nut 2941 A needlevalve 295 opens communication with a dropper tube 296' which discharges into chamber 251. -The needle valve stem is threadedat' 291 through an externally threaded member 298 which is screwed upon the internal thread 299* of'the walls of valve chamber 29!. An annular -=portion 330 of member293 engages a gasket 395 which seals said member 298 against leakage from valve chamber 29!. The valve stem 29! is provided with an unthreaded part 332 upon which is a thumb screw' 303 bymeans of which the needle valve may be opened moreor less. A packing nut 334' seals the stem 302 against leakage.-

'The object of this arrangement is to provide syphon-action ether-dropping delivery of the ether, the container of which, being suspended with its neck up, can not eff'ect direct gravity dropping. To produce the above action the needle valve 295 isclosed. The bulb 289 is then squeezed. This will force air through-the tube 211 into the bottom of the ether can i'romgwhijch it will bubble 0ut and pass through annular re cess 219, bores 280, 28L and 282 to chamber 251 connected with the breathing line. When the bulb 280 is released it will suck ether through tubular passageway 284 and bore 286 and into cup 288 from Which it will gravitate to and fill :valve chamber 29! and passages 28'! and 286 leading therefrom, including the passage through pipe 211 to the bottom of the ether can.

i There will then be a continuous column of ether through the passageways to valve chamber 29L Since the bottom of this chamber is lower than any level of the ether in the container 263,

by syphon action the ether will continue to fiow into chamber 29l, as it drops out of it. By op erating the needle valve thumb screw 303 the rate of feed of the ether from the dropper tube ,296 may be regulated. It follows that once the syphon action of dropping the ether has been established it will continue as long as there is any ether in the ether container 263. And when that is exhausted a new supply may be quickly and simply provided. The top of thumb screw 303 is provided with an off arrow and an on arrow, showing the direction to turn the, needle valve on or off.

The ether so regulated and continually dropped, goes from the point 305 upon a porous annular plate 306, Fig. 5, which may be, as shown in Fig. 5, located in the upper part of annular air chamber 15. The edge of plate 306 is annularly spaced from the Wall 33 as indicated at 30?. The ether which drops from the edge of plate 306 will fall upon a similar annular plate 308 which is secured to the inside or the wall 33 with an annular "space 309 between its inner edge and the outer liquid will drop from the edge of one plate to another plate until the entire surface of the first plate is covered by a film of the liquid. By the time any ether has reached plate 3E0 it will have been substantially vaporized by inhalation of gas passing up through annular chamber l and past flap valve I60 and through chamber I55 to the breathing line in tube I33 and inhalation tube 2|". There is thus provided a very large and effective evaporation area, which, because the plates 306, 308 and 3) are porous, some or all may be completely covered with a film of liquid and so produces rapid evaporation, making possible the use of the instrument for ether anesthesia'alone, which readily can take place when the nitrous oxide is shut off, and oxygen is used with the ether, or when oxygen also is shut oif and air is admitted through an air intake valve (not shown) on the inhaler, or with a combinacular disc 3|6 Within the chamber [4 below the plate 80. The plate 3H5 is porous like the plates 300, 308, and 310 and from the edges of plate 316 in connection with a portable,

ether may drop upon a second circular plate 3|! of larger diameter than plate 3| 6. i The plates M6 and 3H will be subject alternately torthe movement of gases both on inhalation and exhalation, while the plates 306, 308 and 3|0 may be subject to the movement of gases onlyon inhalation. w i i l The advantages of my invention have been quite fully brought out in connection with the detailed description thereof. Broadly these advantages reside in the fact that, in an anesthetizing apparatus adapted to be quickly assembled and disassembled, its component parts also have combinations of elements which provide a means of administering gas anesthesia or ether anesthesia, or both, actually superior to means for that purpose employed in the larger. type, permanently assembled anesthesia .devices employed inhospitals. Yet these component parts when disassembled can readily be packed together with surplus oans or containers of absorber materials, of ether, and of other materials, in a compact case as light and easy to handle and to transport by handas an ordinarysuitcase.

As a direct and particular advantage army in vention, thearrangement ofohambers, passageways, sodalime container, and ether Vaporizers in the breathing head which forms part of the breathing line, in relation to'the rebreathing bag and the mask connected with the breathing tubes is such as to produce, not only a highly efiicient organization, but one which has exceptional simplicity and eflicacy for control by the operator and which also provides a closed breathing line wherein thereis little or no restriction and which gives substantially maximum ease of breathing.

A further great advantage of my invention resides in the quick and simple means provided for changing the absorber container and the ether container so that comparatively small containers of both soda lime and of ether may be used effectively and are available to meet emergencies.

A further advantage of my invention resides in the extremely simple valve arrangement whereby exhalation gases mayreadilybe caused to move entirely through the absorber, entirely around the absorber, or, in'a divided stream, in part through the absorber and in part around the absorber in relative proportions which may readily be determined by the operator, another feature together with means for safeguarding the patient against other than predetermined possible maximum pressures.

i A further very substantial advantage of my invention resides in the fact that an ether administrating device is provided wherein the usual containers of ether are applied in an inverted position and a syphon delivery of the ether may quickly be effected, which is of great advantage quickly assembled anesthetizing device.

' I claim: 3 i i 1. In an anesthetizing apparatus, a closed breathing lineincluding a casing having an inhalation part, an evaporator in the inhalation part, a tube 'extendingoutside the casing for conveying ether to the evaporator, a holder forether supported in an upright position upon said tube,

when the needle valve is closed air will be driven through the ether to the tube and by releasing the bulb ether will be drawn from 'the holder to fill the chamber above the needle valve and the tube leading thereto from the bottom of the holder to give a syphon delivery of the ether controlled by the needle valve to the delivery tube.

2. An anesthetizing apparatus, comprising a casing head having a partition thereacross to form therein an upper and'a lower-chamber, a cup-like member in the lower chamber having a bevelled annular surface at its upper part, a bottom closing said lower chamber, an annular gasket adapted to be engaged by the upturned edgesof said bottom, a spring hasp for forcing said edges against the gasket, a spring member carried by the bottom, anda soda lime container resting upon said spring member and having its upper edges forced into sealing engagement with the the-bottom, a sodalime container resting upon said spring member and having its upper edges forcedinto sealing engagement with the bevelled annular member when the bottom member is secured in position by the hasp, arebreathing bag opening into said bottom memberrmeans establishing. a closedbreathing line'wherein the exhalation gases may pass directly through the soda lime container toward said bottom member and rebreathing bag, and means associated with said bottom member for deflecting particles of soda lime from passage from the soda lime container into the rebreathing bag and the inhalation side of the breathing line.

4. An-anesthetiaing apparatus, the component parts of which are adaptedto be separated to be-conveniently packaged in a casing carried by the hand; said-casing formed of two separable interlocking parts, a tubular standard of a length relative to the cross-sectional area of the casing such that the standard can be contained within a section of the casing, a centrally disposed socket formed on the inside of the bottom of one part of the casing for receiving and holdlng erect the standard, said part of the casing forming the supporting base of theapparatus, an anesthetizer head adapted to be independently positioned within the casing and to be connected with and supported by the standard,

flow valves fast on the head adapted to beconnected to tanks of oxygen and nitrous oxide, a mask and set of breathing tubes adapted to be packaged in the casing, all said parts being adapted for connection one with the other for quick assembly, said head embodying'chambers and passages such that in combination with the flow valvepassages a closed breathingline may be quickly established and a complete anesthetizing apparatus be quickly assembled for emergency use. i

' 5. An anesthetizing apparatus comprising a casing having upper and lower chambers formed therein, a soda lime container in the lower chamber spaced a substantial distance from the Walls andbottom thereof, said casing and con;- nected parts forming a closed breathing line with the inhalation part thereof extending through said space, staggered platesseverally attached to said walls at one of" their edges forming bafiies having annular portions extended into said space with staggered annular air passages past their unattached edges, a supply of ether, a tube having operative connection with said supply and extending within the space to discharge ether upon said extended portions; of

the bafiles for vaporization therefrom, and manually operable means for causing continuous delivery of ether from said supply to the baflles.

6. An anesthetizing apparatus comprising,a casing having therein a soda lime container and an interconnected annular and bottom space about the soda lime container, said casingand connected parts forming a closedbreathing line with the inhalation part thereof extending through said space, an ether can supported with its opening up and providing a supply of ether, means for establishing a syphon flowjpf ether from said ether can consisting of a tube extending to near the bottom of the ether can, a manually operable air bulb and passages therefrom for forcing air through the ether and out of the apparatus, air passages connected therewith and to the bulb whereby release of the bulb will establish continuous syphon-feed flow" of ether to the ether dropping means.

7. An anesthetizing apparatus, comprising an anesthetizing head, a transverse partition therein forming an upper chamberand a lower chamber on the head, a soda lime container having perforated ends and being removably supported in the lower chamber so as to leave'a space of large cross sectional area about and across the lower end of the same, a re-breathing bag connected with said space, a breathingline having breathing connection of the inhalation side with said space and not said upper chamber and having breathing connection of the exhalation side with the upper chamber, said partition having a port and connecting passageway going to the upper end of the soda lime container and a second port and'passageway going to said space, a centrally pivoted bar and a valve on each end thereof, and means including a spring acting upon one end of the bar and a hand operated stem acting on the other end of the bar for swinging the bar on its pivot to open one port and close the other port simultaneously to any degree desired, thereby to ,control the movement of exhalation gas fromthe upper chamber 50 it may wholly or in part pass through said space to the re-breathing bag or may Wholly or in part pass through the soda lim container to the re-breathing bag. i Y

8. An anesthetizing apparatus, comprising an anesthetizing head, a transverse partition therein forming an upper chamber and a lower chamber on the head, a soda lime-container having perforated ends and being removably supported in the lower chamber 50 as to leave a space of large cross sectional area about ,and

across the lower end of the same, a IG-breathing 1? bag connected with said space, a breathing line having breathing connection of the inhalation side with said space and not said upper chamber and having breathing connection of the exhalation side with the upper chamber, a cup surrounding a part of the soda lime container and having means connected therewith for supporting the container and positioned to form a chamber below the bottom wall of the container, an opening through the bottom wall of the cup into said last named chamber, an annular Wall surrounding said opening, and a bafile member overlying said opening to insure against particles from the soda lime container passing into the space and to the re-breathing bag.

JAY A. HEIDBRINK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,063,043 McKesson Dec. 8, 1936 2,041,406 Foregger May 19, 1936 2,220,673 Bloomheart Nov. 5, 1940 2,073,372 Heidbrink Mar. 9, 1937 2,354,452 Foregger July 25, 1944 2,144,479 Bloomheart Jan. 17, 1939 2,390,236 Boothby et al Dec. 4, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 827,908 France Feb. 2, 1938

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