US2525381A - Contact-type electrode holder - Google Patents

Contact-type electrode holder Download PDF

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Publication number
US2525381A
US2525381A US776004A US77600447A US2525381A US 2525381 A US2525381 A US 2525381A US 776004 A US776004 A US 776004A US 77600447 A US77600447 A US 77600447A US 2525381 A US2525381 A US 2525381A
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electrode
eye
contact
cornea
electrode holder
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US776004A
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Tower Paul
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02Details
    • A61N1/04Electrodes
    • A61N1/0404Electrodes for external use
    • A61N1/0408Use-related aspects
    • A61N1/0428Specially adapted for iontophoresis, e.g. AC, DC or including drug reservoirs
    • A61N1/0432Anode and cathode
    • A61N1/044Shape of the electrode
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/0008Introducing ophthalmic products into the ocular cavity or retaining products therein
    • A61F9/0017Introducing ophthalmic products into the ocular cavity or retaining products therein implantable in, or in contact with, the eye, e.g. ocular inserts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/20Applying electric currents by contact electrodes continuous direct currents
    • A61N1/30Apparatus for iontophoresis, i.e. transfer of media in ionic state by an electromotoric force into the body, or cataphoresis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates re ways and means whereby an acceptable and usable eye treatment technique known as iontophore'sis (ion ization and/or ionic medication) is followed in dispersing and applying penicillin'or other medicaments directly to' the cornea of the eye.
  • iontophore'sis ion ization and/or ionic medication
  • eye electrodes such as used in the stated technique or method, in use, these ranging from a piece of cotton wool soaked in solution and placed betweena small metal plate and the eye, to an electrode consisting of a" small cylindrical glass tube fitting over the cornea.
  • a plain probe rod such as for example Hamburgers electrode which, generally speaking comprises a thin carbon red, the end of which is wrapped in cotton which has been soaked in an appropriate fluid.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode holder in the form of a contact lens which fits into the human eye in contact with the eyeball and which is so constructed that when once installed, it remains in place as Repeated experimentacontact lens, stays in direct contact with the eyeball and therefore moves with the eye, thus obviating'the likelihood that the electrical circuit will be broken when on.
  • the principal object is to provide a simple and practical electrode holder in the form of an adaptor carried by a contact-type lens which sufficiently holds the electrodethat the assistant may be dispensed with and 'a doctor mayoperate an appropriate and reliable holder for an 'electhe electrical apparatus.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a contact-type holder which is made of plastic to act as an insulator and to minimize likelihood of breakage'and to also provide a lightweight struc' ture free from pressure and irritational tendencies.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of an electrode I holder constructed in accordance 'with the princip'lesof the invention and showing the manner in which the same, in practice, is used;
  • Figure 2 is a front elevationalvi'ew of whatis seen from left to right in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a central vertical sectional viewthrough the device removed from the eye; and 1*"i'gure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional View to bring out certain other details.
  • the electrode holder is a unitary appliance
  • the numberal 6 is primarily made up of plastic or an aquivalent light weight, durable insulating material. It is characterized primarily by a substantially semi-spherical cup 1 which resembles an ordinary contact lens and which is suitably concavo-convex in form to fit into the human eye A in proper relation to the cornea B of the eyeball C, as shown for example in Figure 1.
  • the crown portion which may be said to be the corneal part of the cup is formed with a concavo-convex boss 8 and this forms a shallow cavity or receptacle 9 for the medicament (penicillin or whatever is to be used for cornea treatment),
  • the receptacle forming boss 9 is provided with a centrally situated aperture permitting access to the cornea and this in turn is formed with an outstanding sleeve-like extension I! which constitutes an adaptor socket for the silver electrode H.
  • the electrode has a shank portion fitting in the adapter sleeve and has its inner end provided with a concaved head I2 forming an assembling flange. The other end.
  • convex boss forming a medicament receptacle, and the crown portion of said boss having an outstanding tubular extension, said extension being adapted to serve as a holding socket for an electrode, an electrode situated in said socket, said electrode having an eye at its outer end to accommodate a current supply wire, and having a headed portion on its inner end projecting into said boss to contact the medicament to be held cornea.
  • a lens with a 6.5 mm. corneal curve can be used or in very high myopias a 8.0 mm. corneal curve is used.
  • the cup I is inserted under the patients lids in the usual way used in insert-- ing ordinary contact lenses.
  • the extension serves not only to hold the metal electrode in place, but acts as an insulator. Otherwise, the patients lid would strike against the metal when the current is on, giving not only electric shocks to the patient, but causing the intensity of the current to fluctuate.
  • the electrode is made from silver. It is slightly countersunk on the inner surface of the corneal portion, so as to present an even surface and projects through the sleeve, ending in a small eye. vanic, machine (not shown) is inserted and looped through this ring making a simple and sufficient connection. Thus the current travels through the electrode and is conveyed into the medication contained in the corneal portion. This solution being in contact with the cornea, ionization (or iontophoresis) takes place and the medication is thus enabled to enter the cornea and tissues of the eye according to the established principles underlying ionization treatment.
  • An eye appliance for use in connection with ionic medication technique comprising a substantially semi-spherical plastic contact cup adapted to be suction fitted in direct contact with an eyeball, the axial portion of said cup being provided with an outstanding concavo- The wire from the gal-,
  • An eye appliance for use by an eye doctor during an ionic medication treatment of a patients eye, said appliance being self-sustained when it is once inserted into the patients eye and obviating holding of same either by the doctor or an assistant
  • a concavo-convex medicament holding applicator having a marginally surrounding concavo-convex flange adapted to rest directly against the eyeball of the patient and to be held partly by suction and to reside beneath the eyelids and to be partly held in place by said eyelids, and an electrode carried by said applicator, said electrode being spaced clear of the cornea of the eye when in use and adapted to contact the medicament in said applicator.
  • An eye appliance for use by an eye doctor employing ionic medication techniques comprising arelatively small concavo-convex medicament containing receptacle having a central aperture and an outstanding tubular extension constituting an electrode receiving and holding socket, and means for holding said receptacle in spaced opposed relation to the cornea of the eye, said means being an annular flange attached marginally to the receptacle and shaped to fit in direct contact with the eyeball of the user and being sufficiently thin to fit beneath the eyelids of the user whereby to utilize the eyelids and suction to hold said flange in place and consequently to position and hold said medicament receptacle in place, and an electrode fitted in said socket and having a headed inner end anchored in the receptacle and its outer end located for connection thereto of a current delivering wire.

Description

Oct. 10, 1950 I P. TOWER 2,525,331
cormc'r TYPE ELECTRODE .noppsa Filed Sept. 25, 1947 Fig.
Inventor v Paul Tower By Attorneys Patented Oct. 10,1950
UNITED ,r STATES PATENT OFFICE f V f 2,525,381 l contract-Tyre ELECTRODE HO DER 7 ram 'rew'er, Los Angelcs, Calif. Applicants s'icemta 25, 1947,- Serial No; 776,004
The present invention relates re ways and means whereby an acceptable and usable eye treatment technique known as iontophore'sis (ion ization and/or ionic medication) is followed in dispersing and applying penicillin'or other medicaments directly to' the cornea of the eye.
To those skilled in the art to which the invenof medication in the tissues of the human eye is achieved when the stated method or technique" (iontophoresis) is used. I
What is more, it is generally recognized that there are many eye electrodes, such as used in the stated technique or method, in use, these ranging from a piece of cotton wool soaked in solution and placed betweena small metal plate and the eye, to an electrode consisting of a" small cylindrical glass tube fitting over the cornea. Some technicians and doctors and workers use a plain probe rod such as for example Hamburgers electrode which, generally speaking comprises a thin carbon red, the end of which is wrapped in cotton which has been soaked in an appropriate fluid.
Manifestly, all of these electrodes are hard to handle and manipulate and require careful manipulation and, even so, are apt to cause injury to the delicate epithelium of the cornea. Since the electrodes are not mechanically or otherwise sustained in place, they must be held in position, by hand, at all times. The usual procedure requires the presence of an assistant to handle the electrical apparatus, and the doctor whose job it is to hold the electrode in its proper position in relation to the cornea during the accomplishment of the medication technique.
An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode holder in the form of a contact lens which fits into the human eye in contact with the eyeball and which is so constructed that when once installed, it remains in place as Repeated experimentacontact lens, stays in direct contact with the eyeball and therefore moves with the eye, thus obviating'the likelihood that the electrical circuit will be broken when on. V
The principal object is to provide a simple and practical electrode holder in the form of an adaptor carried by a contact-type lens which sufficiently holds the electrodethat the assistant may be dispensed with and 'a doctor mayoperate an appropriate and reliable holder for an 'electhe electrical apparatus.
7 Another object of the invention is to providea contact-type holder which is made of plastic to act as an insulator and to minimize likelihood of breakage'and to also provide a lightweight struc' ture free from pressure and irritational tendencies.
Other objects and advantages will become more readily apparent from the following description and the accompanying illustrative drawings.
In the drawings, wherein like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the views:
Figure 1 is a sectional view of an electrode I holder constructed in accordance 'with the princip'lesof the invention and showing the manner in which the same, in practice, is used;
Figure 2 is a front elevationalvi'ew of whatis seen from left to right in Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a central vertical sectional viewthrough the device removed from the eye; and 1*"i'gure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional View to bring out certain other details.
The electrode holder is a unitary appliance,
as denoted by the numberal 6 and is primarily made up of plastic or an aquivalent light weight, durable insulating material. It is characterized primarily by a substantially semi-spherical cup 1 which resembles an ordinary contact lens and which is suitably concavo-convex in form to fit into the human eye A in proper relation to the cornea B of the eyeball C, as shown for example in Figure 1. The crown portion which may be said to be the corneal part of the cup is formed with a concavo-convex boss 8 and this forms a shallow cavity or receptacle 9 for the medicament (penicillin or whatever is to be used for cornea treatment), The receptacle forming boss 9 is provided with a centrally situated aperture permitting access to the cornea and this in turn is formed with an outstanding sleeve-like extension I!) which constitutes an adaptor socket for the silver electrode H. The electrode has a shank portion fitting in the adapter sleeve and has its inner end provided with a concaved head I2 forming an assembling flange. The other end.
. 4 convex boss forming a medicament receptacle, and the crown portion of said boss having an outstanding tubular extension, said extension being adapted to serve as a holding socket for an electrode, an electrode situated in said socket, said electrode having an eye at its outer end to accommodate a current supply wire, and having a headed portion on its inner end projecting into said boss to contact the medicament to be held cornea. In rare extreme cases like in keratoconus, a lens with a 6.5 mm. corneal curve can be used or in very high myopias a 8.0 mm. corneal curve is used. In use the cup I is inserted under the patients lids in the usual way used in insert-- ing ordinary contact lenses. The extension serves not only to hold the metal electrode in place, but acts as an insulator. Otherwise, the patients lid would strike against the metal when the current is on, giving not only electric shocks to the patient, but causing the intensity of the current to fluctuate. The electrode is made from silver. It is slightly countersunk on the inner surface of the corneal portion, so as to present an even surface and projects through the sleeve, ending in a small eye. vanic, machine (not shown) is inserted and looped through this ring making a simple and sufficient connection. Thus the current travels through the electrode and is conveyed into the medication contained in the corneal portion. This solution being in contact with the cornea, ionization (or iontophoresis) takes place and the medication is thus enabled to enter the cornea and tissues of the eye according to the established principles underlying ionization treatment.
A careful consideration of the foregoing description in conjunction with the invention as illustrated in the drawings will enable the reader to obtain a clear understanding and impression of the alleged features of merit and novelty sufficient to clarify the construction of the invention as hereinafter claimed.
Minor changes in shape, size, materials and rearrangement of parts may be resorted to in actual practice so long as no departure is made from the invention as claimed.
I claim:
' 1. An eye appliance for use in connection with ionic medication technique comprising a substantially semi-spherical plastic contact cup adapted to be suction fitted in direct contact with an eyeball, the axial portion of said cup being provided with an outstanding concavo- The wire from the gal-,
in the latter.
2. An eye appliance for use by an eye doctor during an ionic medication treatment of a patients eye, said appliance being self-sustained when it is once inserted into the patients eye and obviating holding of same either by the doctor or an assistant comprising a concavo-convex medicament holding applicator having a marginally surrounding concavo-convex flange adapted to rest directly against the eyeball of the patient and to be held partly by suction and to reside beneath the eyelids and to be partly held in place by said eyelids, and an electrode carried by said applicator, said electrode being spaced clear of the cornea of the eye when in use and adapted to contact the medicament in said applicator.
3. An eye appliance for use by an eye doctor employing ionic medication techniques compris ing arelatively small concavo-convex medicament containing receptacle having a central aperture and an outstanding tubular extension constituting an electrode receiving and holding socket, and means for holding said receptacle in spaced opposed relation to the cornea of the eye, said means being an annular flange attached marginally to the receptacle and shaped to fit in direct contact with the eyeball of the user and being sufficiently thin to fit beneath the eyelids of the user whereby to utilize the eyelids and suction to hold said flange in place and consequently to position and hold said medicament receptacle in place, and an electrode fitted in said socket and having a headed inner end anchored in the receptacle and its outer end located for connection thereto of a current delivering wire.
PAUL TOWER.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Number Date
US776004A 1947-09-25 1947-09-25 Contact-type electrode holder Expired - Lifetime US2525381A (en)

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Cited By (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3122137A (en) * 1961-10-30 1964-02-25 Erlanger Gustav Device for facilitating iontophoresis treatment of eyes
US3485244A (en) * 1966-12-15 1969-12-23 Hyman Rosen Eye applicator
US3670736A (en) * 1970-07-17 1972-06-20 Health Systems Inc Therapeutic instrumentation electrode
US4109648A (en) * 1975-12-18 1978-08-29 National Research Development Corporation Electrode assemblies
US4271841A (en) * 1980-01-31 1981-06-09 Medtronic, Inc. Electro-ocular stimulation system
US4326529A (en) * 1978-05-26 1982-04-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Corneal-shaping electrode
US4564016A (en) * 1982-05-24 1986-01-14 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Apparatus for introducing ionized drugs into the posterior segment of the eye and method
US4603697A (en) * 1985-01-07 1986-08-05 William Kamerling System for preventing or treating open angle glaucoma and presbyopia
US4881543A (en) * 1988-06-28 1989-11-21 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Combined microwave heating and surface cooling of the cornea
US4955378A (en) * 1988-05-02 1990-09-11 University Of South Florida Apparatus and methods for performing electrofusion at specific anatomical sites
US6001088A (en) * 1994-12-02 1999-12-14 The University Of Queensland Iontophoresis method and apparatus
US6101411A (en) * 1998-09-24 2000-08-08 Newsome; David A. Dilation enhancer
US6154671A (en) * 1998-01-05 2000-11-28 Optisinvest Device for the intraocular transfer of active products by iontophoresis
US6319240B1 (en) * 1999-05-25 2001-11-20 Iomed, Inc. Methods and apparatus for ocular iontophoresis
US20020022794A1 (en) * 1999-05-25 2002-02-21 Beck Jon E. Ocular iontophoretic apparatus handle
US6539251B2 (en) 1999-05-25 2003-03-25 Iomed, Inc. Ocular iontophoretic apparatus
US6546283B1 (en) 2000-10-18 2003-04-08 Iomed, Inc. High current density iontophoretic device and method of use thereof
US6728573B1 (en) 2000-02-23 2004-04-27 Iomed, Inc. Ocular iontophoretic apparatus handle
US20040111086A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2004-06-10 Trembly B. Stuart Feedback control of thermokeratoplasty treatments
US20050004625A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2005-01-06 Chow Alan Y. Treatment of degenerative retinal disease via electrical stimulation of surface structures
US20050033202A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2005-02-10 Chow Alan Y. Mechanically activated objects for treatment of degenerative retinal disease
US20060142818A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2006-06-29 Optobionics Methods for improving damaged retinal cell function
US20070123814A1 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-05-31 Eyegate Pharmasa Ocular iontophoresis device
US20070161976A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2007-07-12 Trembly B S Thermokeratoplasty systems
WO2007099406A2 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-09-07 Eyegate Pharma S.A. Ocular iontophoresis device
US20070299386A1 (en) * 2006-06-23 2007-12-27 Minu, L.L.C. Delivery of an ocular agent using iontophoresis
US20080114428A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2008-05-15 The Trustees Of Dartmouth Thermal Treatment Systems With Acoustic Monitoring, And Associated Methods
US20090093780A1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-09 Tuitupou Anthony L Intraocular iontophoretic device and associated methods
US8923961B2 (en) 2006-10-18 2014-12-30 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Electrode assembly for delivering a therapeutic agent into ocular tissue
US20160114172A1 (en) * 2014-10-22 2016-04-28 Oculeve, Inc. Contact lens for increasing tear production
US20160367398A1 (en) * 2015-06-22 2016-12-22 Mortan Inc. Ocular irrigation device and method
US10328262B2 (en) 2010-11-16 2019-06-25 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Stimulation devices and methods
US10426958B2 (en) 2015-12-04 2019-10-01 Oculeve, Inc. Intranasal stimulation for enhanced release of ocular mucins and other tear proteins
US10537469B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2020-01-21 Oculeve, Inc. Implant delivery devices, systems, and methods
US10610095B2 (en) 2016-12-02 2020-04-07 Oculeve, Inc. Apparatus and method for dry eye forecast and treatment recommendation
US10722718B2 (en) 2010-11-16 2020-07-28 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Systems and methods for treatment of dry eye
US10722713B2 (en) 2014-07-25 2020-07-28 Oculeve, Inc. Stimulation patterns for treating dry eye
US10780273B2 (en) 2014-10-22 2020-09-22 Oculeve, Inc. Stimulation devices and methods for treating dry eye
US10799696B2 (en) 2014-02-25 2020-10-13 Oculeve, Inc. Polymer formulations for nasolacrimal stimulation
US10799695B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2020-10-13 Oculeve, Inc. Nasal stimulation devices and methods
US10918864B2 (en) 2016-05-02 2021-02-16 Oculeve, Inc. Intranasal stimulation for treatment of meibomian gland disease and blepharitis
US10940310B2 (en) 2016-02-19 2021-03-09 Oculeve, Inc. Nasal stimulation for rhinitis, nasal congestion, and ocular allergies

Citations (1)

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US768721A (en) * 1904-04-04 1904-08-30 William Benedict Bassell Electrode for therapeutical purposes.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US768721A (en) * 1904-04-04 1904-08-30 William Benedict Bassell Electrode for therapeutical purposes.

Cited By (68)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3122137A (en) * 1961-10-30 1964-02-25 Erlanger Gustav Device for facilitating iontophoresis treatment of eyes
US3485244A (en) * 1966-12-15 1969-12-23 Hyman Rosen Eye applicator
US3670736A (en) * 1970-07-17 1972-06-20 Health Systems Inc Therapeutic instrumentation electrode
US4109648A (en) * 1975-12-18 1978-08-29 National Research Development Corporation Electrode assemblies
US4326529A (en) * 1978-05-26 1982-04-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Corneal-shaping electrode
US4271841A (en) * 1980-01-31 1981-06-09 Medtronic, Inc. Electro-ocular stimulation system
US4564016A (en) * 1982-05-24 1986-01-14 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Apparatus for introducing ionized drugs into the posterior segment of the eye and method
US4603697A (en) * 1985-01-07 1986-08-05 William Kamerling System for preventing or treating open angle glaucoma and presbyopia
US4955378A (en) * 1988-05-02 1990-09-11 University Of South Florida Apparatus and methods for performing electrofusion at specific anatomical sites
US4881543A (en) * 1988-06-28 1989-11-21 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Combined microwave heating and surface cooling of the cornea
US6001088A (en) * 1994-12-02 1999-12-14 The University Of Queensland Iontophoresis method and apparatus
US6154671A (en) * 1998-01-05 2000-11-28 Optisinvest Device for the intraocular transfer of active products by iontophoresis
EP1452203A3 (en) * 1998-01-05 2004-09-08 Optis France Ocular iontophoresis device for transferring a plurality of active ingredients
EP1452203A2 (en) * 1998-01-05 2004-09-01 Optis France Ocular iontophoresis device for transferring a plurality of active ingredients
US6101411A (en) * 1998-09-24 2000-08-08 Newsome; David A. Dilation enhancer
US7151960B1 (en) 1998-09-24 2006-12-19 Newsome David A Dilation enhancer with pre-mediated contact lenses
US6539251B2 (en) 1999-05-25 2003-03-25 Iomed, Inc. Ocular iontophoretic apparatus
US7252655B2 (en) 1999-05-25 2007-08-07 Iomed, Inc. Ocular iontophoretic apparatus handle
US20020022794A1 (en) * 1999-05-25 2002-02-21 Beck Jon E. Ocular iontophoretic apparatus handle
US6319240B1 (en) * 1999-05-25 2001-11-20 Iomed, Inc. Methods and apparatus for ocular iontophoresis
US6728573B1 (en) 2000-02-23 2004-04-27 Iomed, Inc. Ocular iontophoretic apparatus handle
US6546283B1 (en) 2000-10-18 2003-04-08 Iomed, Inc. High current density iontophoretic device and method of use thereof
US20100121231A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2010-05-13 Chow Alan Y Mechanically activated objects for treatment of degenerative retinal disease
US20050004625A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2005-01-06 Chow Alan Y. Treatment of degenerative retinal disease via electrical stimulation of surface structures
US20050033202A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2005-02-10 Chow Alan Y. Mechanically activated objects for treatment of degenerative retinal disease
US20060142818A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2006-06-29 Optobionics Methods for improving damaged retinal cell function
US7981062B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2011-07-19 Imi Intelligent Medical Implants Ag Mechanically activated objects for treatment of degenerative retinal disease
US20040111086A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2004-06-10 Trembly B. Stuart Feedback control of thermokeratoplasty treatments
US20070161976A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2007-07-12 Trembly B S Thermokeratoplasty systems
US9131984B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2015-09-15 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Thermokeratoplasty systems
US8348936B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2013-01-08 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Thermal treatment systems with acoustic monitoring, and associated methods
US7192429B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2007-03-20 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Thermokeratoplasty systems
US20080114428A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2008-05-15 The Trustees Of Dartmouth Thermal Treatment Systems With Acoustic Monitoring, And Associated Methods
US7377917B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2008-05-27 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Feedback control of thermokeratoplasty treatments
US20040143250A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2004-07-22 Trembly B. Stuart Thermokeratoplasty systems
US20100160907A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2010-06-24 Trembly B Stuart Thermokeratoplasty Systems
US7713268B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2010-05-11 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Thermokeratoplasty systems
WO2007099406A3 (en) * 2005-11-29 2008-10-23 Eyegate Pharma S A Ocular iontophoresis device
US8099162B2 (en) 2005-11-29 2012-01-17 Eyegate Pharma, S.A.S. Ocular iontophoresis device
WO2007099406A2 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-09-07 Eyegate Pharma S.A. Ocular iontophoresis device
US8452391B2 (en) 2005-11-29 2013-05-28 Eyegate Pharma S.A.S. Ocular iontophoresis device
US20070123814A1 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-05-31 Eyegate Pharmasa Ocular iontophoresis device
US9238131B2 (en) 2005-11-29 2016-01-19 Eyegate Pharma S.A.S. Ocular iontophoresis device
US20070299386A1 (en) * 2006-06-23 2007-12-27 Minu, L.L.C. Delivery of an ocular agent using iontophoresis
US8923961B2 (en) 2006-10-18 2014-12-30 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Electrode assembly for delivering a therapeutic agent into ocular tissue
US20090093780A1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-09 Tuitupou Anthony L Intraocular iontophoretic device and associated methods
US20110077582A1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2011-03-31 Tuitupou Anthony L Intraocular iontophoretic device and associated methods
US8480638B2 (en) * 2007-10-04 2013-07-09 Aciont, Inc. Intraocular iontophoretic device and associated methods
US10328262B2 (en) 2010-11-16 2019-06-25 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Stimulation devices and methods
US11771908B2 (en) 2010-11-16 2023-10-03 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Systems and methods for treatment of dry eye
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