US2591356A - Carbureting mechanism - Google Patents

Description

April 1952 w. L. HOWE, JR

CARBURETING MECHANISM 2 SHEETSSHEET 1 Filed May 24, 1950 FIG. 2.

INVENTOR. WILLIAM L. HOWE, JR.

April I, 1952 w, L, H E, JR 2,591,356

CARBURETING MECHANISM 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed May 24, 1950 /d INVEN TOR.

WILLIAM L. Hows, JR.

Patented Apr. 1, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CARBURETING MECHANISM William L. Howe, J r., Chesterfield, Mo.

Application May 24, 1950, Serial No. 163,946

4 Claims.

This invention relates to carbureting mechanisms, and has for its principal object to provide an extremely simple mechanism, highly efficient in operation and economical in the use of motor fuel.

Another object of the invention is to provide a very simple means for supplying the proper ambunt of air to vaporized motor fuel when the same is introduced into the mixing chamber of my new carbureting mechanism. Still another object is to provide a carbureting mechanism that is easily removable by taking out a few screws and two threaded members, whereby the entire assembly may be bodily removed from the surrounding and supporting casing for examination or repair. Still another object is to dispense with the float chamber present in most carburetors.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional, vertical view taken through my carbureting mechanism in closed position.

Fig. 2 is a detailed, cross-sectional view taken on line 2--2, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detailed, cross-sectional view taken on line 3-3, Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a top plan view, partly in section, taken on line 4-4, Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail section taken through the fuel control valve mechanism in open position.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged, detailed, sectional view taken through the valve plunger and the tubular chamber in which it moves, taken on line 6--6, Fig. 5.

So far as I am aware, standard carburetors on the market depend on the heated air from the motor manifold to supply heat to properly gasify liquid fuel. In my carbureting mechanism the vaporized liquid fuel is sprayed out under pressure in such a fine mist, or fog, that when commingled with the air in the mixing chamber of my carburetor it passes through the manifold of the motor and into the several cylinders of the motor, and while the temperature of the mixture is raised due to the heat in the manifold, it is in such condition of vaporization that the mixture is immediately ignitable by the cylinder spark plug. I thus provide for abetter combustion of the mixture with more eflicient operation of the motor and with a saving in the liquid fuel. Said liquid fuel is admitted to the mixing chamber of my carbureting mechanism in a predetermined metering valve is in its fully opened position,

I supply line I.

vaporized and mixed with metered air priorto entering the manifold and into the cylinders of the motor.

My invention comprises a casing A, preferably a casting, consisting of two chambers B and C, respectively, and a base portion D having a flange E at the lower end thereof, whereby my device can be mounted on an internal combustion motor by means of bolts passing through holes F in said flange E.

A fuel line I extends from a fuel supply tank (not shown) to the bottom portion 2 of member 3, which is provided with an outer circular shoulder 4, which is adapted to seat upon a circular flange 5 at the bottom of chamber C. A pressure pump, preferably electrically operated of a rotary type, capable of delivering a liquid fuel supply at a constant pressure of approximately pounds per square inch through the atomizing discharge nozzles when the metering valve is inits fully opened position. The supply line has an upturned portion 6, which is threadedly secured in the bottom portion 2 of member 3. When member 3 is mounted on the flange 5, a lock nut 1 is threadedly secured thereon beneath said flange 5, thus securely holding said member 3 in position in the chamber C. The member 3 has a central, vertical opening 8, therein extending from the top to the bottom thereof. The upper end of said opening 8 is enlarged to provide a substantially cup-shaped portion 9, and the lower end is threaded to receive a tubular plug [0, while the bottom portion of said opening 8 is enlarged as shown at H (Fig. 5) to receive the outer end of the upturned portion 6 of fuel The upper end of opening 8 is reduced in diameter, as shown at I2, and an inclined portion i3 connects the portions 8 and 12 (Figs. 1 and 5).

Within the opening 8 is a metering pin M, the lower end of which rests upon a coiled spring l5 which is supported on the upper end of plug I8, the purpose of said spring I5 being to return the metering pin l4 to its upper, closed position. At the upper portion of metering pin I4 is a conically shaped tapered extension as shown at l6, which merges into a cylindrical smaller diametered upper end portion [1. The metering pin I4 is preferably hexagonally shaped longitudinally, as shown at [8, throughout the length of its greatest diameter to permit liquid fuel to pass through the opening 8, around the outer hexagonal surface of metering pin l4 when said metering pin I l is depressed.

The upper end of metering pin [4 contacts a small metal disk I!) secured to the central lower face of a diaphragm 20, and another small metal disk I9 is secured to the central upper face of said diaphragm 2|! immediately above disk l9. The diaphragm 20 is preferably formed of tough plastic material which is elastic but not aifected by contact with any liquid fuel that may be used in an internal combustion motor. The diaphragm 20 is placed on top of the member 3 (Figs. ;l; and 5),. and securely held in place by. an upper cylindrical member 2|; which has an outwardly extending flange 2| at the lower end thereof, and which member 2| rests upon the upper surface of diaphragm 20, and screws: 2 2 ,-passing through fiange 2|, and into the upper portion of member 3, securely hold said :diaphragmin place. It will be noted that -the upperrsurface of member 3 has an upwardly extending flange 23, to provide a circular recess to receive andrretain diaphragm 20 in a fixed position between mmember 3 and; cylindrical member- 2| by means OfiihGrSCfGWS 22.

Cylindrical member 2| has a verticalgtubular "1-;opening extending;therethrough;preferably of ..:larger.,.diameter' throughout most of :its length to; neceivea floating plunger rod 24.: At the lower resend of ,-.plunger rod 24; is a. smaller plunger rod ':f2'l,1:@the: lower e'ndgof-which contacts the upper 2-. surface? OfdiSk': l9; whereby the diaphragm 20 may be depressed at its middle: portion when :Zplunger 2,4 is moved downwardly.

:r'zThe membe'r2l hasgan enlarged, cup-shaped portion 28 in the lower end thereof communicating zawithithe :verticaLbore therein. .The, cup-shaped ";.portion 28 and the eup:-.shaped:portion Scare-in vertical; alignment 1 so :as to provide a: recessed :xportion' topermit flexing of r the diaphragm 20 -;Wheri;liquid fuel' ispermittedto'enter the cup ashapedportion 9 when the metering pin |4 is de- Fpressed. V

:LOnt" the supper/end of member: 2| is pivotally mounted anarm29, secured by a pivot 3|) passingi'through two::upwardly;=proj ecting I ears 3 on said-member 2|. Alsoipivoted'tosaid arm '29 sxa rollen32;which is mounted in the bifurcatednnerie'ndof said-arm. The roller 32 ispreferz'tablyj case hardened and is adapted. to =restjrupon theiiupper tend ofrplungerrod 24; which. is-- also 1 preferably; case hardened.

'ilThBfOlltEfifiIld ofrarm 29 isvprovided with a icirculanmember- 33,:integral with "said arm and i'ihaving a screw-threaded vertical opening therethrough; to receive a threaded bolt 34, which is 'provided with a lock-nut L, a-head 35;:a-nd a .cwasher 35.1 Between the head 35 and thewasher 336 awcircular, concave metal vane 31 is secured.

:1 To the; top of the-casing A; issecured a cover $7138 byraserews"39ipositioned in the- -upper-end of said casing. Situated above chamber 13' said s cover 38- rhasw an upwardly extending; ccirculaf" :1portion= i40', which is interiorly screw-.threadedto membe'rAlb- A-crossibar 42. is; rigidly-secured to hierinteriori ofxthe member 4| andhas a'cylin- Toff: {said member; whioh is. interior-1y screw- ;threaded-tO receive a-threadedxbolt 44 having an -genlarged loweraend"45rand a grooved upper-end --;;46;;iso:-that. said boltw44 may be rotated to the eceive a 'gtubulan; outwardly screw-threaded rdricalpmemben 43,--preferably as an integral part- 4 I ber 4| downward or upward in the interiorly threaded circular portion 40. After adjustment has been made, bolt 44 is screwed upward or downward in cross bar member 43 and locked in 5 place by lock nut N, in such position as to limit any further upward movement of the circular member 33 and arm member 29 beyond normal operating position, in the event of any blow back or backfire of the motor caused by faulty tim- 1o; ing or other imperfections in the. motor. There could never be" any distortion of the plate member 31 due to a pressure'created by any ordinary backfire because there is always an air passage .-betweent-said plate member 31 and the tubular member 4|, more than ample to relieve such wpressurefiThis passage also is necessary to ad- .-.-.mit.-enough.:air..therethrough to obtain perfect idling performance of the engine.

@Projecting transversely and slightly upwardly from the member 3 issanother fixed arm 41, which ,1 is; provided with a.- longitudinal: passageway 48 substantially its' entire length.. .Thehinnerwend .'0f the passageway. 43. turns upwardly and con- -nects with: the. cup-shapedopening 9 in the upper end of the member 3. The outer. end of ns-passageway 48zconnects with a crossbar 49 (Fig.

2).- having a tubulanpassageway49 therein. to

-. the. two enlarged ends 50 each having an enlarged w oentralcavity SI-therein to accommodate a small amount of motor. fuel and-having a screw- .threaded lower ende52, into which is screwed q spray-nozzle: 53; which has aslongitudinal i small diameter. bore; 54 therein to connect with cavity :.-5|. 1 The ;passageway .49. also: connects with .cavity- 5hezwhereby.zliquid, fuel is. supplied under asubstantialpressureof approximately 100 pounds per-square .inch-eto spray. nozzles 53 ..when the valve I6 is fully opened by the amount ofsuction generated by the pistons in the cylinders of the:- motor; thereby forcingmember 3tv and arm 39 :downward, -by thee. downwardly moving air through member 4| against plate memb'erSl.

--In the reducedportion Dot-casing: A- there are two vertical openings 55; in-each ofwhich is .placed a butterfly, valve or.-shuttera56, carried by a tubular bar 51 rotatablyflmounted in-bearwings 58:irk--the lower end. ofereducecl portion D. To one end of bar 51 a lever 59 is-secured. which is operable. either--by the-foot or-hand .of the op- 0. erator; of a-motor-yehicle in which my carbureting mechanism is mounted on the motor.

. ==Alsomounted in .the; portion D is a :fuel supply members 60-, which connects with the liquid "fueLreturn l-ineaandwhich provides the proper amount of liquid fuel to be admixed withzthe proper-amount ofairainairpassageway 6 I, which 1 air isobtained from chamber B in-casing A. The

- :amount; of mixed liquidfuel and-air :to: be-delivered to-themotor is regulated by-needle-valve. 62,

which-has a grooved-heada'63" whereby it "may-be rotated: to admit-morexor .less :liquid fuels to. the

(motors Forithesidling operation'ofa'my carbureting 1 mechanism fuel: is vacuumed through 1 the passage atthe end of adjustingscrew?62connect- Wing with the ,apassagefil: and; opening into-por- .mected to? the-ireturrr tline .Whichruns' from the 1:13116351119 pump: relief valveto the liquid fuel :sup-

*.ply-atank;.,said ;.bypass" valve being connected to s proper=jverticalposition. F .The enlarged end .'45" Q -member-60. .The-pumose-of the'parts. just dea 1contactsrthe -headz-35 of the th-readed bolt34.

Thea-purpose; or function, of the tubular member 4|; isj to regulate-or. meter theproper amount of air to be drawn into. the mixing chamber- 11 (Fianna Thisis obtained by. screwingsaidmem ascribed is to permit? the motort to run slowly and: keep. running when "theibutterfly valves "or shutters r56 are in a closedposition; as: shown g eparticularly inLFigs. 1, 2, and 3. 5 raqlnthez-operation of mytnew carbureting'mechanism, when the operator of the motorvehicle desires to increase the speed of the motor he first operates the lever 59, which moves the butterfly valves or shutters 56 from substantially horizontal to a tilted position, which permits the to enter chamber B of easing A. This downward movement of the air forces vane 3! downwardly, thus depressing the outer end of arm 29, and causes roller 32 to press against the top of floating plunger rod 24 and the lower end 21,

which depresses the center of diaphragm 20 and which also presses metering pin l4 downwardly, thereby unseating the valve l6, thereby permitting the liquid fuel under substantial pressure to flow through passageway 8, and enter the cupped opening 9, and thence through the passageway 48 to vaporizer spray nozzles 53, where due to the restricted bores 54 said liquid fuel is vaporized to a fine mist or fog-like consistency as it enters chamber B, where it is admixed thoroughly with the air in said chamber B to produce the predetermined correct mixture for admission into the cylinders of the motor. Before entering the motor cylinders, the mixture passes through the manifold (not shown) of the motor.

In order to vaporize the liquid fuel through the spray nozzles 53 and bores 54 into the air chamber B, I maintain through the electrically operated pump in fuel line i a pressure of approximately 100 pounds on the liquid fuel that passes through the fuel supply line I, and into my carbureting mechanism (Fig. 2). Two spray nozzles 53 are attached to cross bar 49, to which one or more spray nozzles may be attached as desired.

When the valves or shutters 56 are substantially closed, that is, in a nearly horizontal position, the suction caused by the operation of the cylinders in the motor is cut off from air chamber B, which causes the outer end of arm 29 to rise and thus the release of pressure by roller 32 on the upper end of plunger rod 24, and the upward movement of metering pin l4 by spring [5, which returns the valve 16 of the metering pin l4 to its tapered seat, thus shutting off all flow of the liquid fuel to the vaporizing nozzles 53. Air is still permitted to enter chamber B by reason of the space between the edge of circular vane 31 and the lower end of cylinder 4 l By my new carbureting mechanism I provide better combustion and a definitely regulated supply of liquid fuel to the motor, thereby saving fuel, particularly at higher speeds and more rapid acceleration. The motor is more efiiciently oper ated as it always receives the proper amount of admixed liquid fuel and air in the requisite mistlike condition for admittance into the cylinders of the motor. The size and number of the vaporizing spray nozzles 53 determines the maximum amount of the vaporized liquid fuel to enter air chamber B.

When removal of any of the parts is desired from my carbureting mechanism chambers B and C, all that is necessary to do is to unscrew the four screws 39 in the cover 38 and remove the cover 38, and also by removal of the locking nut T and unscrewing liquid fuel supply line i the associated parts in said chambers B and C may be removed.

I claim:

1. A carbureting mechanism comprising a casing provided with an air chamber, a tubular member mounted in a wall of said casing communicating with said air chamber, a support, an arm pivotally mounted on said support, a vane mounted on the free end of said arm and adjacent to but spaced apart from the inner end of said tubular member, a stop mounted in said tubular member to limit upward movement of said vane, a rod operable by said arm, a liquid tight diaphragm contactible on its upper face by the free end of said rod, a housing for slidably containing said rod, a second housing secured to said first named housing with said diaphragm securely contained between said housings, a metering pin slidably mounted in said second named housing beneath said diaphragm and adapted to be moved downwardly by said rod, a valve on said metering pin, a seat for said valve, said second named housing containing a passageway for liquid, a source of supply for said liquid, means for maintaining a substantial pressure on said liquid, an arm extending from said second named housing and provided with a longitudinal passageway therethrough, said passageway communicating at one end with said liquid passageway in said second named housing and at its other end with a transverse passageway in a nozzle supporting member, nozzles carried by said nozzle supporting member provided with restricted outlet passageways for discharging liquid in fog-like spray into said air chamber and means for moving said metering pin to open said valve thereon to permit the flow of liquid. from said source of supply to said air chamber.

2. A carbureting mechanism comprising a casing provided with an air chamber, a tubular member mounted in a wall of said casing communicating with said air chamber, a support, "an arm pivotally mounted on said support, a vane mounted on the free end of said arm and adjacent to but spaced apart from the inner end of said tubular member, a stop adjustably mounted in said tubular member to limit upward movement of said vane, a rod operable by said arm, a liquid tight diaphragm contactible on its upper face by the free end of said rod, a housing for slidably containing said rod, a second housing secured to said first named housing with said diaphragm securely contained between said housings, a metering pin slidably mounted in said second named housing beneath said diaphragm and adapted to be moved downwardly by said rod,

a valve on said metering pin, a seat for said valve,

said second named housing containing a passageway for liquid, a source of supply for said liquid, means for maintaining a substantial pressure on said liquid, an arm extending from said second named housing and provided with a longitudinal passageway therethrough, said passageway communicating at one end with said liquid passageway in said second named housing and at its other end with a transverse passageway in a nozzle supporting member, nozzles carried by said nozzle supporting member provided with restricted outlet passageways for discharging liquid in fog-like spray into said air chamber and means for moving said metering pin to open said valve thereon to permit the flow of liquid from said source of supply to said air chamber.

3. A carbureting mechanism comprising a casing provided with an air chamber, a tubular member adjustably mounted in a wall of said w se nets support; an arm-pivotally: mounted-ton- =said isupp'ort, "a van'emounted son the free endiofcsaid arm and adj-acen't to butispacedapart from the inner x 'end of said tubularimember; as'top'mounted in I 'saiditubular member: to limit upward movement ofisaidvane, a-rod'operable by'said arm, a liquid itight diaphragm contaotiblebn its upper-face by rthe free end of said rod; a'housingfor-slidably containing said rod,'a"second housing secured to vsaid flrst named housing with said diaphragm securelyr contained between said "housings; a 'ametering pin: slidably-mounted in said: second :named housing? beneath said diaphragm and wadapted to bew moved downwardly by said rod, a valve on said 'metering' pin, a seat for said valve, saidse'c'ondnamedhousing containing a passageway for liquid, a' source of supply for said liquid, meansfor maintaining a substantial pressure on said 'liquid, an armextending from said second I -named housing 'and provided with a longitudinal i passageway therethrough, said passageway communicating-at one end with said liquid passage- Way in said second named housing and at its other end with a transverse" passageway ina nozzle supporting --member, nozzles carried by i said :nozzle *supporting member provided with restricted outlet passageways for: discharging liquid in fog-like spray into said air chamber and means for moving-saidmetering pin to opensaid valve thereon to-permit thefiow of liquid from said source ofsupply to said air chamber.

4.- A carbureting mechanism comprising a casing :provided withuan .air chamber, a tubular 'member mounted in a wall of said casing communicating withsaidair chamber, a support, an arm pivotally mounted on-said support, a vane mounted onsthe free end of-said arm-and-adl jacent to but spaced apart from the inner end of sisaid vane, a rod operableby said .arm; ailiduid tight: diaphragm contactible 'on its upper faceby 'theffreetendi of said rod; a housing for slidably containing said rod, asecond housing secured to "said'ifirst named "housing with said diaphragm securely" contained between said housings," a metering pinslidably mounted in'said second named housing beneath said diaphragm and adapted: to bemoved'downwardly by said-"rod, a valve on saidmetering pin, a'seat for'said' valve,

housingand provided with alongitudinal passageway :there'through, said passageway com- .municating'at oneend'with said liquid'passage- "Way iii-said second named housing and at its other ehd'with' a transverse passageway in a nozzlesupportingmember; nozzles carried by said nozzle supporting member provided with restricted outlet passageways for discharging liquid in fog-like spray into said air chamber,

'meansfor moving said metering pin toopen said valve thereonto permit the flow of liquid'from 'said' sourceofsupplyto said air chamber and a spring for: exerting pressure on said metering pinto return said'valve to its closed position.

'WILLIAM L. HOWE, JR.

REFERENCES CITED The"following'references are of record in the file of this patent:

I UNITED STATES PATENTS Number --Name Date I 2,318,216 Garretson May 4,1943

P -2,393;-1-25 'St. C1air Jan. 15, 1946 2,443,464 Leibing et a1 June 15, 1948 "'Wirth Mar. 7, 1950

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