US2644881A - Inductively heated electrical contact furnace with preheater - Google Patents

Inductively heated electrical contact furnace with preheater Download PDF

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US2644881A
US2644881A US133205A US13320549A US2644881A US 2644881 A US2644881 A US 2644881A US 133205 A US133205 A US 133205A US 13320549 A US13320549 A US 13320549A US 2644881 A US2644881 A US 2644881A
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chamber
furnace
preheater
reaction
electrical contact
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US133205A
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Schorg Carl Christian
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02Induction heating
    • H05B6/10Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • H05B6/108Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor for heating a fluid

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  • the desired result may be attained by constructing in the inner space of the annular chamber of a reaction furnace an electrically energized preheater, which is preferably heated according to the induction heating principle.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the structure shown in Figure 1.
  • the reference character A represents the annular reaction chamber of the contact furnace, wherein the reactions take place.
  • the exterior wall B of the furnace is inductively heated by the heat resistant windings C, which are energized by the respective phases of a polyphase alternating current power system.
  • a central conduit E In Germany December 20, 1948 1 claim. (c1. 21e-47) is positioned in the inner part ofthe annular space, which latter is bounded on its outer periphery bythe wall D.
  • Heat resistant coils F are positioned intermediate the central conduit E and the wall D and are respectively connected to the different phases of a polyphase electrical power system to effect heating by the inductive heating principle.
  • the space between the wall D and outer surface of the conduit E is determined so that the exciting coils F exactly t there. As thus positioned, they are equally effective in heating the wall D.
  • the electrical energy converted into heat must be sufficient for equalizing the heat differential between the wall D and conduit E.
  • the interior G of the central conduit E constitutes the pre-heater chamber and this is normally lled with granular material.
  • the gases are admitted to the pre-heater chamber G through a central tube H, which is connected to the central conduit E, and are raised in the preheater chamber to the reaction temperature or approximately thereto. They leave the preheater chamber G under the cover J and pass to the annular chamber A, where the reaction takes place. From the annular chamber A they are conducted from the furnace by pipes K.
  • the coils F for the pre-heater chamber and the coils C for the reaction chamber be separately energized.
  • the operation of the combined Contact furnace and pre-heater according to the present invention may be varied according to the load demands within wide limits.
  • the superfluous heat which is not used for carrying out the reaction is used for pre-heating;
  • the heating from the inductor coils on both sides of the annular reaction chamber effects a very uniform reaction process.
  • the heat resistant exciting windings, which effect the inductive heating, are put in and around the furnace in the usual manner.
  • Automatic controllers (not shown) may be provided for maintaining the thermal equilibrium.
  • the pre-heater chamber and the annular reaction chamber may be interpositioned, the latter being placed on the outside of the furnace and the former axially thereof, without departing from the principle of the invention.
  • the reaction process to be carried out may be the inverse of that described, that is, the gases may be directed from the top into the pre-heater chamber and from below into the reaction chamber.
  • the electrical heating could also be accomplshed by resistance coils. Since, however, there is always present the danger of explosion in carrying 'out most production operations heating by the inductive effect is the preferred form.
  • a central pre-heating chamber In an electrical heating furnace for carrying out high temperature exothermic and endothermic reactions, a central pre-heating chamber, a central conduit connected to said pre-heating chamber for conducting gases thereto, a 'plurality of inductor coils adapted to be connected, respectively, to the various phases of a polyphase power system closely surrounding said pre- Lheating chamber in aligned .relationship,ran annular reaction chamber surrounding said preheating chamber closely positioned with respect to the coils therearound, a cover over the central pre-heating chamber and the annular reaction chamber for directing the heated gases from the former reversely through the latter, and a plurality of inductor coils adapted to be connected, respectively, to the various phases of a polyphase power system closely surrounding said an- .nular reaction chamber in aligned relationship.

Description

July 7, 1953 c. c. sei-icm@ INDUCTIVELY HEAT ED ELECTRICAL CON FURNCE WITH PREHEATER Filed Dec. 1949 Patented July 7, 1953 INDUCTIVELY HEATED ELECTRICAL CON- IACT FURNACE WITH PREHEATER Carl Christian Schrg, Frankfurt am Main Hcchst, Germany Application December 15, 1949, Serial No. 133,205
In contact furnaces having annnular shaped reaction chambers for carrying out the chemical reactions, it is frequently the case that useful space is lost by taking in at too low a temperature cf the gases which are to carry out the reaction in the furnace, and which first must be raised to the temperature at which the reaction takes place.
Attempts have been made to avoid this difficulty by conducting the gases through a separately arranged pre-heater, wherein same are raised to approximately the reaction temperature, before they enter the reaction furnace itself. This method, it is true, accomplished the desired results, in production operation, but it unavoidably resulted in the disadvantages that the furnace and pre-heater structure became more complicated, required more space, and a greater capital expenditure. It has also been attempted to avoid these disadvantages by providing the heated furnace with a short circuited secondary winding consisting of a coiled pipe, wherein the gases were raised to approximately the reaction temperature by inductive heating before they entered the reaction chamber of the furnace. In this way, it was perhaps the case that a simple and somewhat inexpensive structure was provided. The disadvantage still existed, however, that there was a fixed ratio of heat transfer capacity between the primary and secondary components, that is, between the furnace and the pre-heater, whereas in actual practice this ratio is required to be variable within wide limits, a result that cannot be attained with the simple structure according to this arrangement.
According to the present invention the desired result may be attained by constructing in the inner space of the annular chamber of a reaction furnace an electrically energized preheater, which is preferably heated according to the induction heating principle.
The arrangement according to the present invention is shown in vertical section in Figure l; and,
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the structure shown in Figure 1.
Referring now to the drawing in detail, the reference character A represents the annular reaction chamber of the contact furnace, wherein the reactions take place. The exterior wall B of the furnace is inductively heated by the heat resistant windings C, which are energized by the respective phases of a polyphase alternating current power system. A central conduit E In Germany December 20, 1948 1 claim. (c1. 21e-47) is positioned in the inner part ofthe annular space, which latter is bounded on its outer periphery bythe wall D. Heat resistant coils F are positioned intermediate the central conduit E and the wall D and are respectively connected to the different phases of a polyphase electrical power system to effect heating by the inductive heating principle. The space between the wall D and outer surface of the conduit E is determined so that the exciting coils F exactly t there. As thus positioned, they are equally effective in heating the wall D. The electrical energy converted into heat must be sufficient for equalizing the heat differential between the wall D and conduit E.
The interior G of the central conduit E constitutes the pre-heater chamber and this is normally lled with granular material. The gases are admitted to the pre-heater chamber G through a central tube H, which is connected to the central conduit E, and are raised in the preheater chamber to the reaction temperature or approximately thereto. They leave the preheater chamber G under the cover J and pass to the annular chamber A, where the reaction takes place. From the annular chamber A they are conducted from the furnace by pipes K.
For the purpose of obtaining the desired relative variations in the temperatures of the preheater chamber G and the annular reaction chamber A, it is desirable that the coils F for the pre-heater chamber and the coils C for the reaction chamber be separately energized.
The operation of the combined Contact furnace and pre-heater according to the present invention may be varied according to the load demands within wide limits. When carrying out exothermic processes, the superfluous heat, which is not used for carrying out the reaction is used for pre-heating; when carrying out endothermic processes, the heating from the inductor coils on both sides of the annular reaction chamber effects a very uniform reaction process. The heat resistant exciting windings, which effect the inductive heating, are put in and around the furnace in the usual manner. Automatic controllers (not shown) may be provided for maintaining the thermal equilibrium.
If the chemical reaction process to be carried out should so require, the pre-heater chamber and the annular reaction chamber may be interpositioned, the latter being placed on the outside of the furnace and the former axially thereof, without departing from the principle of the invention. Also, the reaction process to be carried out may be the inverse of that described, that is, the gases may be directed from the top into the pre-heater chamber and from below into the reaction chamber.
The electrical heating could also be accomplshed by resistance coils. Since, however, there is always present the danger of explosion in carrying 'out most production operations heating by the inductive effect is the preferred form.
Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new and useful and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States:
In an electrical heating furnace for carrying out high temperature exothermic and endothermic reactions, a central pre-heating chamber, a central conduit connected to said pre-heating chamber for conducting gases thereto, a 'plurality of inductor coils adapted to be connected, respectively, to the various phases of a polyphase power system closely surrounding said pre- Lheating chamber in aligned .relationship,ran annular reaction chamber surrounding said preheating chamber closely positioned with respect to the coils therearound, a cover over the central pre-heating chamber and the annular reaction chamber for directing the heated gases from the former reversely through the latter, and a plurality of inductor coils adapted to be connected, respectively, to the various phases of a polyphase power system closely surrounding said an- .nular reaction chamber in aligned relationship.
CARL CHRISTIAN SCHRG.
References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,078,619 Greene Nov. 18, 1913 1,356,818 Hadaway, Jr. Oct. 26, 1920 .1,513,087 Buhl et al. Oct. 28, 1924 1,986,348 Lacy et al. Jan. l, 1935 2,517,098 Dreyfus Aug. 1, 1950
US133205A 1948-12-20 1949-12-15 Inductively heated electrical contact furnace with preheater Expired - Lifetime US2644881A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2805309A (en) * 1954-09-21 1957-09-03 Asea Ab Induction heating
US3277265A (en) * 1963-01-22 1966-10-04 Soc De Traitements Electrolytiques Et Electrothermiques Plasma heating systems
US3310426A (en) * 1963-10-02 1967-03-21 Siemens Ag Method and apparatus for producing semiconductor material
US3445616A (en) * 1966-12-06 1969-05-20 Corning Glass Works Electric flame generator
US4217475A (en) * 1978-08-25 1980-08-12 Hagerty Research & Development Co., Inc. Apparatus for transferring heat to fluids
US4431890A (en) * 1980-12-22 1984-02-14 Ramer James L Induction heated steam flash plug
US4471191A (en) * 1981-09-24 1984-09-11 Asea Ab Device for heating fluent material flowing past short-circuited heating elements within induction coils
US4608471A (en) * 1985-03-05 1986-08-26 Allied Tube & Conduit Corporation Impeder with aggregate ferromagnetic core
FR2578135A1 (en) * 1985-02-28 1986-08-29 Alsthom Atlantique THERMO-INDUCTIVE GENERATOR FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HOT FLUID
US4855552A (en) * 1986-10-01 1989-08-08 Hydro-Quebec Fluid heating device incorporating transformer secondary winding having a single electrical turn and cooling means optimized for heat transfer
US4869734A (en) * 1986-03-03 1989-09-26 Tri-Dim Filter Corporation Air cleaning system
EP0852452A1 (en) * 1995-09-18 1998-07-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Seta Giken Temperature controller of electromagnetic induction heater and its start system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1078619A (en) * 1911-01-23 1913-11-18 Albert E Greene Electric furnace.
US1356818A (en) * 1917-07-11 1920-10-26 Jr William S Hadaway Heating apparatus
US1513087A (en) * 1922-03-29 1924-10-28 Nat Electric Water Heater Comp Electric heater
US1986348A (en) * 1931-06-13 1935-01-01 Du Pont Apparatus for effecting gas reactions
US2517098A (en) * 1947-11-10 1950-08-01 Asea Ab Induction furnace

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1078619A (en) * 1911-01-23 1913-11-18 Albert E Greene Electric furnace.
US1356818A (en) * 1917-07-11 1920-10-26 Jr William S Hadaway Heating apparatus
US1513087A (en) * 1922-03-29 1924-10-28 Nat Electric Water Heater Comp Electric heater
US1986348A (en) * 1931-06-13 1935-01-01 Du Pont Apparatus for effecting gas reactions
US2517098A (en) * 1947-11-10 1950-08-01 Asea Ab Induction furnace

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2805309A (en) * 1954-09-21 1957-09-03 Asea Ab Induction heating
US3277265A (en) * 1963-01-22 1966-10-04 Soc De Traitements Electrolytiques Et Electrothermiques Plasma heating systems
US3310426A (en) * 1963-10-02 1967-03-21 Siemens Ag Method and apparatus for producing semiconductor material
US3445616A (en) * 1966-12-06 1969-05-20 Corning Glass Works Electric flame generator
US4217475A (en) * 1978-08-25 1980-08-12 Hagerty Research & Development Co., Inc. Apparatus for transferring heat to fluids
US4431890A (en) * 1980-12-22 1984-02-14 Ramer James L Induction heated steam flash plug
US4471191A (en) * 1981-09-24 1984-09-11 Asea Ab Device for heating fluent material flowing past short-circuited heating elements within induction coils
FR2578135A1 (en) * 1985-02-28 1986-08-29 Alsthom Atlantique THERMO-INDUCTIVE GENERATOR FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HOT FLUID
EP0193843A1 (en) * 1985-02-28 1986-09-10 Alsthom Thermo-inductive generator for the production of a warm fluid
US4608471A (en) * 1985-03-05 1986-08-26 Allied Tube & Conduit Corporation Impeder with aggregate ferromagnetic core
US4869734A (en) * 1986-03-03 1989-09-26 Tri-Dim Filter Corporation Air cleaning system
US4855552A (en) * 1986-10-01 1989-08-08 Hydro-Quebec Fluid heating device incorporating transformer secondary winding having a single electrical turn and cooling means optimized for heat transfer
EP0852452A1 (en) * 1995-09-18 1998-07-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Seta Giken Temperature controller of electromagnetic induction heater and its start system
EP0852452A4 (en) * 1995-09-18 1998-09-16 Seta Giken Kk Temperature controller of electromagnetic induction heater and its start system
US6046442A (en) * 1995-09-18 2000-04-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Seta Giken Temperature controller of electromagnetic induction heater and its start system

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