US2652172A - Liner support and closure for acid resistant drums - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 15, 1953 c. NEGOLA 2,652,172

LINER SUPPORT AND CLOSURE FOR ACID RESISTANT DRUMS Filed Oct. 30, 1951 2.Sheets-Sheet l C. NEGOLA Sept. 15, 1953 LINER SUPPORT AND CLOSURE FOR ACID RESISTANT DRUMS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 30, 1951 IN V EN TOR.

' ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 15, 1953 LINER SUPPORT AND CLOSURE FOR ACID RESISTANT DRUMS- Garmine Negola, Garwood, N. J., assignor, by direct and mesne assignments, to Drumboy, Inc.

Application October 30, 1951, Serial No. 253,789

6 Claims. 1

This invention relates to drums or similar containers used for the storage of liquids, and is particularly directed to a drum or other metal container fitted with a removable flexible liner so that the drum can be used for storing acids and other corrosive materials while avoiding direct contact between the liquid and the drum material which is usually a metal such as steel.

It is primarily directed to a liner or bag made of a thin flexible material, which may be removably inserted through an opening formed in the drum cover, and means provided for removably supporting the liner bag in the drum cover, by means of a neck integral with the liner, and a closure which engages the neck of the liner and seals the opening therein, the neck support apparatus being utilized as a means of sealing the opening in the drum cover when the closure is applied thereto.

the corrosive liquid and the metal of the drum or cover. A sleeve made of a flexible material may be utilized. to support the neck section of the liner against the cover filler neck, the sleeve with the neck section of the liner wrapped around it, also providing a seat for sealing the drum cover opening.

In larger drums, where more than one filler opening is used, a plurality of drum cover filler neck openings may be provided, the liner having a similar number of neck sections, which are fitted through the drum cover openings to support the liner. The method of supporting the neck sections of the liner in the cover, and the closure means is essentially the same as those used in conjunction with the single opening drum cover.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple, inexpensive drum and closure combination, whichv can be utilized for storing acids and similar corrosive liquids, the liner and the closure therefore being removably supported by the drum cover.

A further object is to provide a drum in which the closure support collar is mounted around and supported by the material of the drum cover,

2 surrounding an opening formed in the neck thereof.

Another object is to provide a drum fitted with a removable, flexible liner in which the liner is supported by a compressible sleeve, which removably supports the neck of the liner within the cover opening and also provides a clamping element by means of which a capcan seal the drum cover opening.

Another object is to provide aliner fitted with a plurality of neck sections for use with drum covers fitted with a plurality of filler openings, the essentials of the liner and closure construction remaining the same.

A primary object is to provide a simple, compact drum liner and closure combination, in which the liner support unit and the liner can be fitted to the container and the closure applied thereto without special tools or skills, the liner material effectively protecting the metal surfaces, of the container.

The accompanying drawings illustrative of one embodiment of my invention, together with the description of their construction and the method of installation and utilization thereof, will serve to clarify further objects and advantages of my invention.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 represents a vertical section through a portion of the drum body and the cover attached thereto, as well as the liner bag and the support and closure combination therefor.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section through a portion of the liner bag shown in Fig. 1 and the liner neck support sleeve, showing the sleeve in its normal position and in its compressed position, preparator-y to inserting the liner through the drum cover opening.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a portion of the neck opening in the drum cover shown in Fig. 1, with the cap removed to show the liner support sleeve.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a portion of the closure assembly shown in Fig. l, with the sleeve removed to show thelmethod of supporting the cap. support collar in the neck of the drum cover.

Fig. 5 is a partial plan View of the drum cover and closure assembly shown in Fig. l, with the cap in place.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section through a modification of the neck of the cover, shown in Fig. 1, with a collar fitted thereto.

Fig. 7 is a vertical section through a modification of the driun cover and the liner shown in Fig. l, thecover having two filler openings formed therethrough.

It will be understood that the following detailed description of the construction and the method of assembly and utilization of the liner support and closure for acid resistant drum is intended as explanatory of the invention and not restrictive thereof.

In the drawings, the same reference numerals designate the same parts throughout the various views, except where otherwise indicated.

In the construction shown in Fig. l, a cover I!) made of sheet steel or other similar sheet material, is attached to the body I I of the drum, which is of substantially cylindrical form or bulged out at the sides, the body also being similarly made of sheet metal.

l'he material around a filler opening formed in the center of the cover is bent upward to form the inlet neck I2 of the cover, aheavy-walled tubular cap support collar I4 having threads formed around the outer circumference thereof being fitted around the vertical inlet neck I2 of the cover, the bottom of the collar seat ng against the bottom plate of the cover, after which the upper end of the vertical neck I2 of the cover may be spun or pressed outward to form a circularflange I5, substantially parallel to the bottom plate It of the cover, the upper flange pressing against the upper surface of the collar I4, and retaining it in the annular channel formed between the upper flange I5 and the bottom plate of the cover.

A plurality of countersunk head, or other form of rivets Il, or other connecting means may be inserted through openings formed in the cover bottom plate, the collar and the flange, to rock the collar in position relative to the neck of the cover.

In place of the rivets shown in Fig. 1, a plurality of substantially frusto-conical countersinks or depressions I8 may be formed around the upper and lower surface of the collar I4, a series of similarly formed cupped projections 19 and 19a being spun or stamped out of the upper flange i5 and the bottom plate It of the cover in the manner indicated in Fig. 6, each of the cupped projections fitting into the corresponding countersinks I8 and I8a respectively, to prevent the rotation of the collar when the closing cap is applied thereto.

A hollow liner in the form of a bag 28, made of a thin flexible plastic material, such as a synthetic rubber composition, comprising a hollow body with a reduced diameter neck section 2I formed integral with the upper end thereof, may be inserted through the cover opening to receive acids or similar corrosive liquids with which the container is filled, the liner following substantially the inner contour of the drum when it is filled.

A pliable sleeve unit comprising a tubular vertical section 22 with a circular flange 23, substantiallyperpendieular to the upper end thereof, integral therewith, and another parallel flange 24 of smaller diameter integral with the opposite end of the tubular vertical section to form an annular channel therebetween, is fitted to the neck section of the liner in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2 to support the liner against, the neck of the cover.

The outer diameter of the upper flange 23 of the sleeve may be of substantially the same diameter as that of the drum cover flange, or it may be smaller, a radius 25 being formed at the outer edge of the flange to allow the liner neck sections to fit smoothly around the flange.

A corner radius may be formed at the inter= section between the upper flange 23 and the tubular vertical section of the sleeve, and a similar radius formed at the intersection between the lower flange and the bottom of the sleeve section to allow the neck section of the liner to wrap smoothly around the sleeve in the assembled position.

The sleeve may be molded or otherwise formed of rubber, or other pliable plastic material.

In assembling the neck section of the liner to the sleeve, the inner area of the neck section of the liner engages the inner surface of the tubular section of the sleeve, the upper end of the liner neck section being wrapped around the upper flange 23 of the sleeve to form an upper and lower flange seat 2'! and 28 respectively, and the outer circumference of the tubular vertical section with the extreme lower end of the outer vertical area 29 of the neck section of the liner flanged outward, substantially perpendicularly to the vertical 'outer area, the bottom flanged circular area 30 of the liner neck section, fitting against the upper surface of the bottom flange 24, in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

When the sleeve with the neck of the liner fitted thereto, is inserted in the cover opening in the manner shown in Fig. 1, the neck 2| of the liner forms an opening through which the acid, or other corrosive liquid may be poured into the liner, the outer vertical area 29 of the liner being inserted between the neck section I2 of the cover and the tubular vertical section of the sleeve, thereby sealing the opening in the vertical section of the sleeve.

The lower flange seat 28 of the liner, adjoining the upper flange of the sleeve and the bottom flanged circular area thereof engaging the bottom flange 24 of the sleeve, form an annular channel, which is pressed against the neck section of the cover, the top flange thereof and the bottom plate of the cover, thereby retaining the sleeve against the cover and sealing the opening formed therein.

After the neck section of the liner and the various flanged areas formed therefrom, are wrapped around the sleeve in the position shown in Fig. 2, the tubular vertical section 22 of the sleeve and the lower flange 24 thereof are manually pressed inward to the position shown by dot-dash lines, Fig. 2, the corresponding liner neck sections being similarly compressed until the outer circumference of the lower sleeve flange 24 clears the opening in the neck section of the cover, thus enabling the sleeve with the liner neck section fitted thereto to be inserted into the cover opening in the position shown in Fig. l, the sleeve with the liner sections fitted thereto expanding into the assembled position shown in 1, after the pressure is released.

A cap comprising a tubular vertical section 3|, the outer surface of which may be of hexagonal, octagonal or other regular polygonal, or other suitable contour, as indicated in Fig. 5, with a relatively flat top 32 integral therewith, may be fitted to the collar I6 to close the bung opening at the top of the cover, the internal threads formed in the vertical section of the cap engaging similarly formed external threads 33 formed around the outer circumference of the collar.

A flat substantially circular gasket 34, made of rubber or other suitable compressible material, may be fitted to the interior of the cap, the gasket seating against the under surface of the top of the cap and the upper flange seat of'the liner neck section to seal the opening.

The sleeve and the liner may be removed through the opening in the drum cover by compressing the lower sleeve flange 2' 5 and the vertical section thereof to substantially the position shown in dot-dash lines, Fig. 2, by means of a spanner or other suitable tool inserted through the opening, after which the sleeve with the liner attached thereto may be readily removed throughthe opening in the drumcover when the liner is empty.

In another modification of the construction shown in Fig. '7, which is adapted primarily for use in larger drums having a plurality of bung openings 31- and 31a. formed in the cover 38 thereof, the cover is fitted with a pair of neck sections 39 and 39a, located adjacent the outer diameter of the bottom plate 4610i the cover around the bung openings 3-! and Ka, as indicated in Fig. 7.

The liner shown in Fig. 7 is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, except that it is formed, with two substantially parallel neck sections 42 and 42a integral with the liner body 43, the liner neck sections being located in substantial alignment with the bung openings 31 and 31a. in the cover.

The cap support collars l4 and 14a, fitted around the neck sections 39 and 39a of the cover 0 shown in Fig. 7, are substantially the same as those shown in Fig. 1 and fitted to the cover neck sections in substantially the same manner.

The upper end of each of the neck sections 39 and 39a of the cover is flanged outward to form a circular flange 44 substantially parallel to the bottom plate 40 of the cover, each of the collars being inserted around the corresponding vertical tubular neck section of the cover until the bottom of the collar engages the bottom plate 40 of the cover, after which the upper flanges 44 and 44a may be spun around th vertical neck section or pressed flat against the upper surface of the collar to retain the collar within the annular channel formed between the flange and the bottomplate of the cover.

A plurality of frusto-conical or other form of countersinks l8 and [8c may be formed around the upper and lower surfaces of each of the collars I4 and 14a in the manner shown in Figs.

6 and 7, a series of similarly formed cupped projections 46 and 46a being spun or stamped out of the upper flanges 44 and 44a of the cover and the bottom plate thereof, respectively, each of the cupped projections fitting into the corresponding countersink l8 or l8a to prevent the rotation of the collars when the closing caps are applied thereto.

In place of the projections and countersinks shown in Fig. 7, a plurality of rivets l! or other suitable attaching means may be inserted through the upper flange M the collar 14 and the bottom plate of the cover in the manner shown in Fig. l, or the flange 44 and the bottom plat 40 may be spot-welded to the collar, or attached thereto by other suitable means.

The neck sections 39 and 39a of the liner shown in Fig. '7 may be supported in the bung openings of the cover in substantially the same manner as that shown in Fig. 1.

The pliable sleeve which supports the neck sections 39 and 39a of the liner, is substantially the same as that shown in Fig. 1, the material of each of the neck sections of the liner being wrapped around the corresponding sleeve in the 6 manner shown in Fig. 1 and hereinbefore de scribed.

In inserting the neck sections 39 and 39a, of the double necked liner, shown in Fig. 7, through the cover openings 31 and 31a, each of the liner neck sections would be wrapped, around the corresponding sleeve in substantially the mannershown in Fig. 2 and hereinbefore described, preferably before. the cover 38 is attached to the body of the drum.

The upper flange 23 of the sleeve with the upper and lower flange seats of the liner neck, sections fitted thereto, would be individually compressed and moved upward through the cover opening, the individual, upper flange fitting through the bottom of the corresponding bung opening 31 or 31w of the cover, until the upperflange of the sleeve reaches the position shown in Fig. '7', after which the flange pressurewould be released, the upper flange 2,3 of the. sleeve with the flange seat. sections. of the liner neck fitted thereto, engaging the upper flange 44 of, the cover vertical neck, and the bottom flange 24 of the sleeve, with the bottom flanged circular area of the liner neck section fitted thereto, engaging the bottom plate of the cover around the tubular vertical neck 39 or 39a thereof, in the position shown in Fig. 7.

As an alternate method of assembling the liner to the cover, the two neck sections 39 and 39d of th liner may be inserted through the bung openings in the cover before the cover is attached; to the drum, after which each of the liner neck sections would be wrapped around the corresponding sleeve in the manner shown in Fig. 2, and hereinbefore described.

After each neck section of the liner is wrapped around the corresponding sleeve, the tubular vertical section 22 of the sleeve and the lower flange 24 thereof, with the corresponding line-r neck section fitted thereto, would be pressed inward to the position shown by dot-dash lines, Fig. 2, until the lower sleeve flange 24 clears the opening in the cover vertical inlet neck, thus enabling each of the sleeves with the corresponding liner neck section fitted thereto to. be inserted through the corresponding cover opening to the position shown in Fig. '7', each sleeve with the corresponding liner neck section fitted thereto expanding into the assembled position shown in Fig. 7 when the pressure is released, in the same manner as that hereinbefore described relative to the construction shown in Fig. 1.

In all other respects the liner, the neck sections 42 and 42!, thereof, and the sleeve are substantially the same as those shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and hereinbefore described.

The closing caps shown in Fig. 7 are substantially the same as that shown in Fig. 1 and hereinbefore described, the vertical section 3i of each of the caps being threadably attached to the external threads formed on the corresponding col lar E4 in substantially the same manner.

A gasket 34 may be inserted in each of the caps under the top thereof, the gasket seating against the under surface of the top of the cap and the upper flange seat of the corresponding liner neck section in the manner shown in Fig. 1 and hereinbefore described.

The liner and closure assembly may be used with any suitable type of drum or cask, whether of cylindrical outer contour, bulged at the sides in the form of a barrel, or other form, the liner following generally the inner sizev and contour of the drum or other container.

i The unit is designed primarily as a single trip container, the insert, the sleeve, and the closure therefor being constructed at relatively low cost, so that the entire container with the insert and closure unit may be destroyed after each use, or the metal container itself with the cover fitted thereto, may be used for subsequent refillings, the liner being replaced after each filling.

The cover may be attached to the drum body by any suitable means known to theart.

In the single opening construction, the opening in the drum cover may be of any reasonable size, depending upon the size of the drum and the filling rate required, the sleeve construction, the neck of the liner and the cap support collar following generally the contour and size of the opening in the cover.

The collar [4 may be attached to the flange and the bottom plate of the cover by means of a plurality of rivets, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 4, retained between the flange and the bottom plate by a series of cupped frusto-conical projections,

which fit into countersinks formed in the collar in the manner shown in Figs. 6 and '7, or the cover flange and bottom plate may be spot welded to the collar, or attached thereto by other suitable means.

The cover may be fitted with a single bun opening, asindicated in Fig. 1, two openings located diametrically opposite one another as indicated in Fig. '7, or three or more openings may be provided, depending upon the diameter of the drum, the position of each of the cover neck sec tions relative to the outer circumference of the drum corresponding to the position shown in Fig. 7.

The neck sections incorporated in the insert would of course correspond in number, diameter and relative location with the number and location of the bung openings and neck sections formed in the drum cover.

The upper flange 23 of the sleeve may be made larger or smaller, depending upon the gasket area required under the cap.

Where a cover fitted with dual openings, as

indicated in Fig. 7 is used, the diameter of the upper flange of the sleeve would be reduced to facilitate insertion of the sleeve flange, with one of the liner neck sections fitted thereto, through one of the bung openings in the cover.

The lower flange of the sleeve may be considerably smaller than the diameter of the upper flange, to allow it to be readily compressed and inserted through the opening in the cover, or the lower flange diameter may be increased where greater gripping area is required between the cover bottom plate and the sleeve flange.

The sleeve would be made of relatively thin sections of a rubber composition, or other pliable plastic material to allow it to be readily compressed and inserted through the cover opening.

The liner bag may be made of a thin flexible synthetic rubber composition, or other suitable plastic composition having the requisite flexibility and corrosion resistant characteristics.

The liner may be used in a wide range of drum types and sizes, the number and size of the filler neck or bung openings, depending upon the diameter of the drum cover and the number of openings formed therein. The location of the drum cover openings relative to the outer circumference thereof, and the method of supporting the neck sections of the liner against the drum cover would be essentially the same as that shown in the drawings and hereinbefore described.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that my present invention is not limited to the specific details described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications are possible in carrying out the features of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In combination with a metal container having a sheet metal cover fitted thereto, said cover having an opening therethrough in communication with the interior of the container, with an upwardly extending integral filler neck of circular cross-section, surrounding the opening, and a substantially perpendicular annular flange integral with said filler neck, a resilient liner adapted for removable insertion in said container, said liner having a neck section integral therewith, projecting through the cover filler neck opening, a tubular collar fitted to the cover filler neck, a compressible sleeve, comprising a tubular section with integral flanges at both ends thereof, inserted in said filler neck opening, the liner neck section being wrapped around the sleeve, the liner neck section being adjustable relative to the sleeve and readily detachable therefrom, the sleeve pressing the liner neck section against the cover filler neck to support the liner within the container, and means removably attached to the collar closing the filler neck opening.

2. In combination with a hollow metal container having a sheet metal cover fitted thereto, said cover having an opening therethrough in communication with the container interior, with an upwardly extending integral neck of circular cross-section surrounding said opening, an annular flange parallel to the cover, integral with the cylindrical neck, a tubular threaded collar fitted around the cover neck between the flange and the cover, means integral with the flange and cover engaging the collar to restrain the rotation thereof, a flexible liner adapted for insertion in the container, said liner having a neck section integral therewith in alignment with the cover neck, a compressible tubular sleeve adapted for removable insertion through the neck opening, said sleeve being of substantially U-shaped axial cross-section and having an annular channel around the outer circumference thereoffthe liner neck section being fitted to said channel, the liner neck section being adjustable relative to the sleeve and readily detachable therefrom, said sleeve pressing the liner neck section against the cover neck and the flange thereof to support the liner neck section against the cover, and a cap threadably attached to the tubular collar, clos-. ing the filler neck opening.

3. In combination with a hollow cylindrical metal container having a sheet metal cover fittted thereto, said cover having an opening therethrough in communicationwith the container interior, with an upwardly extending integral neck of circular cross-section surrounding said opening, an annular flange parallel to the cover, integral with the cylindrical neck, a tubular threaded collar fitted around the cover neck between the flange and the cover, means integral with the flange and cover, engaging the collar to restrain the rotation thereof, a flexible liner adapted for removable insertion in the container, said 1iner having a neck section integral therewith in alignment with the cover neck, a tubular sleeve made of a compressible material adapted for removable insertion in the cover neck, said sleeve having an annular flange integral with the outer end thereof, with a parallel flange integral with the opposite end, the liner neck section being wrapped around the tubular sleeve, the liner neck section being adjustable relative to the sleeve and readily detachable therefrom, said sleeve pressing the liner neck section against the cover neck and the flange thereof, to retain the liner neck section against the cover neck, a cap threadably fitted to the cover neck collar, covering the outer flanged end of the sleeve to close the neck opening, and a compressible element inserted in the cap, engaging the area of the insert neck abutting the outer sleeve flange to seal the cover neck opening and support the liner neck section.

4. In combination with a hollow cylindrical metal container having a sheet metal cover fitted thereto, said cover having an opening therethrough, in communication with the interior of the container, with an upwardly extending integral neck of circular cross-section surrounding said opening, an annular flange parallel to the cover, integral with the cover neck, a tubular threaded collar fitted around the cover neck between the flange and the cover, said collar having a plurality of indentations formed in the surfaces thereof, abutting the flange and cover, said flange and cover having a plurality of projections integral therewith fitting into the collar indentations, a flexible liner adapted for removable insertion in the container, said liner having a neck section integral therewith in alignment with the cover neck, a tubular sleeve made of a compressible material, adapted for removable insertion in the cover neck, said sleeve having an annular flange integral with the outer end thereof, with a parallel flange integral with the opposite end, the liner neck section being wrapped around the tubular sleeve, the liner neck section being adjustable relative to the sleeve and readily detachable therefrom, said sleeve pressing the liner neck section against the cover neck and the flange thereof, to retain the liner neck section against the cover neck, a cap covering the outer flanged end of the sleeve to close the neck opening, threadably fitted to the tubular collar, and a compressible gasket inserted in the cap, engaging the area of the insert neck section abutting the outer sleeve flange to close the cover neck opening and support the liner neck section.

5. In combination with a hollow cylindrical metal container having a sheet metal cover fitter thereto, said cover having a plurality of openings therethrough, in communication with the interior of the container, with an upwardly extending integral neck of circular cross-section, surrounding each of said openings, an annular flange parallel to the cover, integral with each of the cover necks, a tubular threaded collar fitted around each cover neck, between the flange and the cover, means fitted through each flange, collar, and the corresponding cover area, retaining the collar against the cover, a flexible liner adapted for removable insertion in the container, said liner having a plurality of integral tubular neck sections in alignment with the cover necks, a compressible tubular sleeve adapted for removable insertion in each of the cover neck openings, each of said sleeves having an annular flange integral with the outer end thereof, with a parallel integral flange at the opposite end, the liner neck section being wrapped around the corresponding tubular sleeve, the outer flange thereof, and abutting the opposite flange, each of said liner neck sections being adjustable relative to the corresponding sleeve and readily detachable therefrom, the sleeve pressing the corresponding liner neck section against the neck flange, cover neck, and the adjacent cover area, a cap, threadably fitted to each of the tubular collars, covering the outer flanged end of each sleeve, and a compressible element inserted in each of said caps, engaging the area of the corresponding insert neck section abutting the sleeve flange, to seal the cover opening and support the adjacent liner neck section.

6. In combination with a hollow cylindrical metal container having a sheet metal cover fitted thereto, said cover having a plurality of openings therethrough, in communication with the interior of the container, with an upwardly extending integral neck of circular cross-section, surrounding each of said openings, an annular flange perpendicular to the neck, integral with each of the cover necks, a tubular threaded collar fitted around each cover neck, between the flange and the cover, each of said collars having a plurality of indentations formed in the surfaces thereof, abutting the corresponding flange and cover area, each of said cover flanges and the corresponding cover area, having a plurality of projections integral therewith, said projections fitting into the corresponding collar indentations, a compressible tubular sleeve adapted for rem0vable insertion in each cover neck, each of said sleeves having an annular flange integral with the outer end thereof, with a parallel integral flange at the opposite end, the liner neck section being wrapped around the corresponding tubular sleeve, the outer flange thereof, and abutting the opposite flange, each of said liner neck sections being adjustable relative to the corresponding sleeve and readily detachable therefrom, the sleeve pressing the corresponding liner neck section against the neck flange, cover neck, and the adjacent cover area, a cap threadably fitted to each of the tubular collars, covering the outer flanged end of each sleeve, and a compressible gasket, inserted in each of said caps, engaging the adjacent inlet neck section area, abutting the outer sleeve flange, to close the corresponding cover opening and support the liner neck section.

CARMINE NEGOLA.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 798,507 Hally Aug. 29, 1905 1,778,532 Meiklejohn Oct. 14, 1930 2,064,411 Brandstein Dec. 15, 1936 2,145,613 Shenk Jan. 31, 1939 2,234,084 Rauh Mar. 4, 1941

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