US2663107A - Illuminable structure - Google Patents

Illuminable structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US2663107A
US2663107A US88493A US8849349A US2663107A US 2663107 A US2663107 A US 2663107A US 88493 A US88493 A US 88493A US 8849349 A US8849349 A US 8849349A US 2663107 A US2663107 A US 2663107A
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Prior art keywords
panel
face
black
sheet
illuminable
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Expired - Lifetime
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US88493A
Inventor
Garland W Moler
Nassau Harry
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O E Szekely & Associates Inc
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O E Szekely & Associates Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/002—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces
    • G02B6/0021—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces for housing at least a part of the light source, e.g. by forming holes or recesses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Arrangement of adaptations of instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
    • G02B6/0086—Positioning aspects
    • G02B6/0091—Positioning aspects of the light source relative to the light guide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S116/00—Signals and indicators
    • Y10S116/36—Illuminated dial and pointer

Definitions

  • This invention relates to illuminable structures and method of making.
  • the method according to this invention is adapted for the making of illuminable structures which do not permit escape of light, either direct or reflected, except through markings or characters desired to be illuminated, such, for example, as instrument boards, consoles, and the like.
  • a sheet of acrylic plastic has been lightproofed by coating itssurfaces except for such design or characters desired to be illuminated and providing holes extending inwardly from its edges for the reception of light sources.
  • Various protection for the exposed surfaces has been provided by coating with a clear coating or laminating on a protective sheet through the medium of an adhesive.
  • this invention for the production of an illuminable structure embodying this invention, involves coating the face of a panel of acrylic plastic with a white pigmented vinyl base lacquer. This coating will be applied by the silk screen process. The coated face is then printedby a reverse silk screen process, using a black, or colored, pigmented vinyl base lacquer, thus forming the design or characters as cut-outsfrom a black ground.
  • a protective coating of a clear vinyl base lacquer is applied over the printed. face preferably .by the silk screen process.
  • an alternate method of protection will be afforded to the printed face by laminating directly over the printing on the panel a thin sheet of polyvinylchloride-acetate plastic, which will be readily accomplished by the application of heat and pressure without the use of an adhesive, since the protective sheet will be compatible with the coatings and printing on the face of the panel.
  • the panel is now fabricated completely for the purpose intended except for the holes for the reception of the light sources.
  • the fabricated panel, including the edges, back and the surfaces of all holes, is then coated, as by spraying, with a white pigmented vinyl base lacquer and then the back, edges and the surfaces of all holes are coated, as by spraying, with a black, or colored, pigmented vinyl base lacquer.
  • the holes for the light sources are then'drilled and polished to complete the panel.
  • a white pigmented vinyl base lacquer stock comprising, for example, vinyl chloride acetate copolymer resins, plasticized with, for example, butyl phthalate, methyl phthalate and blown castor oil and pigmented with, for example, titanium dioxide, and having, for example, the following formula:
  • Methyl isobutyl ketone (CI-I3COCH2CH(CH3) 2) 30 The above may be further diluted, to insure proper flow through the mesh of the silk screen, withtoluene or xylene.
  • a black pigmented vinyl base lacquer stock comprising, for example, vinyl chloride acetate copolymer resins with butyl and methyl phthalate as plasticizers and carbon black or lamp black and having, for example, the following formula:
  • the silk screen for printing may be prepared in well known manner.
  • sensitized silk screen carbon tissue is exposed in close contact with a negative made from a drawing of the design, symbols, characters, or the like, to be printed on the face of the panel.
  • the carbon tissue is washed with warm run ning water to wash away the non-exposed portion and the gelatine side of the carbon tissue is then applied to the surface of Swiss silk stretched on a silk screen frame.
  • the backing sheet of acetate is peeled from the carbon tissue leaving the carbon tissue forming the design, symbols, characters, or the like, on the silk screen. With the silk screen so formed the background will be printed leaving the design, symbols, characters, or the like, as cut-outs.
  • a dull clear protective coat is applied, by silk screening, over the printed face.
  • the protective coat will be formed with a clear vinyl base lacquer, comprising, for example, vinyl chloride acetate copolymer resins mixed with titanium dioxide as a dulling agent and with butyl acetate as a plasticizer and solvent, and having, for example, the following formula:
  • a thin protective sheet of hard polyvinyl-chloride-acetate plastic is placed over the printed face of the panel and subjected to heat and pressure, say a tempera ture of 250 F. under a pressure of lbs. per square inch, which will cause the protective sheet to adhere directly to the printing, since the two are compatible, as it will be noted are the several coatings and printing applied to the base of the panel.
  • the panel is now out to size, drilled for mounting and otherwise fabricated as may be necessary for its ultimate purpose and all surfaces except the printed face, i. e., the back, edges and all holes which may have been drilled, are given, by spraying, two coats of a white pigmented vinyl base lacquer having, for example, the formula given above for the initial white coating of the face of the panel. Then the back, edges and all holes are given one coat of a black pigmented vinyl base lacquer having, for example, the formula given above for the printing of the face of the panel. The final black coating of the back, edges, holes, etc. should be carefully done to insure that there will be no leakage of light.
  • the structure according to this invention comprises a base formed from acrylic plastic coated and having a design, symbol, character, or the like, formed on a coated face thereof by reverse silk screening, as detailed above, with a pigmented vinyl resin base lacquer, the printed face being protected by a coating of clear vinyl resin base lacquer, or alternatively, if desired, with a sheet of polyvinyl-chloride-acetate adhered directly to the printing by heat and pressure without the use of adhesive.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevation of a panel made in accordance with this invention.
  • Figure 2 is a section taken on the plane indicated by the line 2-2 in Figure i.
  • panel 2 has a sheet of transparent plastic material t.
  • Sheet s has two out out slots 5 on each side thereof to permit the bolting of the panel to a suitable support (not shown).
  • Qpenings 8 are drilled in sheet 4 for the reception of a toggle switch, one of which is shown at Hi.
  • All the surfaces of the panel, including the interior of the slots 6 and openings 3, are coated with a white pigmented vinyl base lacquer ii.
  • a layer it of black pigmented vinyl base lacquer overlies layer 52 on the front of panel 2, layer It having openings in to form appropriate numerals under openings 8.
  • 0verlying the front of panel 2 is a protective film 58 of clear vinyl resin. All of the surfaces of panel 2 other than the front, and including slots 6 and openings 8, are completely covered with a black pigmented vinyl base lacquer 29.
  • Opening 22 provides means for the entry of light which will be transferred through the sheet 4 and out through the translucent white pigmented vinyl base lacquer l2 and through the clear protective coating l8.
  • a bulb 24' mounted in a cap 26 having a rubber skirt 28.
  • the bulb 24 is adapted to be secured in a socket (not shown) mounted on the structure to which panel 2 is secured.
  • An illuminable structure comprising an acrylic plastics panel, a coating of white pigmented vinyl resin on all surfaces of said panel, printing in cut-out from a ground of black pigmented vinyl resin on the face of said panel, a protective film of clear vinyl resin on the face of said panel, an overcoating of black pigmented vinyl resin on all surfaces of said panel except the panel.

Description

Dec. 22, 1953 1w, MQLER ETAL 2,663,107
ILLUMINABLE STRUCTURE Filed April 19. 1949 INVENTORS. GARLAND W. MOLER HARRY NASSAU ATTORNEYS V Patented Dec. 22, 1953 urrso STATES Nassau, Philadelphia, Pa.,
assignments, to 0.
This invention relates to illuminable structures and method of making.
More particularly the method according to this invention is adapted for the making of illuminable structures which do not permit escape of light, either direct or reflected, except through markings or characters desired to be illuminated, such, for example, as instrument boards, consoles, and the like.
Eeretofore it has been known to form illuminable structures of the type contemplated here with the use of acrylic plastics, such, for example, as methyl methacrylate, which, in sheet or panel form, has the capacity to transmitlight throughout the body tlrereoffrom a source, or sources, at an edge, or edges, thereof with escape of light from the surfaces thereof.
In prior practice for the preparation of an illuminable structure, a sheet of acrylic plastic has been lightproofed by coating itssurfaces except for such design or characters desired to be illuminated and providing holes extending inwardly from its edges for the reception of light sources. Various protection for the exposed surfaces has been provided by coating with a clear coating or laminating on a protective sheet through the medium of an adhesive.
The prior practice has not resulted in the production of a satisfactory product in that it lacks surface uniformity and fineness of detail of the character or design to be illuminated, is readily defaced by scratching and, where a protective sheet is laminated on the face, such tends to separate in time, the protective sheet tends to discolor with age, which detracts from the contrast between the printing and the background.
Now in accordance with the method of this invention, particular procedure with the use of particular materials is provided whereby a superior product embodying this invention is readily produced.
Generally speaking, procedure according to assignors, by 'mesne Szekely & Associates, Inc, Philadelphia, Pa.,'a corporation ofPennsylvania Application April19, 1949,"S'erial-Nol 88 ,493 .3 Claims. (01,.41-22) this invention for the production of an illuminable structure embodying this invention, involves coating the face of a panel of acrylic plastic with a white pigmented vinyl base lacquer. This coating will be applied by the silk screen process. The coated face is then printedby a reverse silk screen process, using a black, or colored, pigmented vinyl base lacquer, thus forming the design or characters as cut-outsfrom a black ground. I
The face having been coated and printed, a protective coating of a clear vinyl base lacquer is applied over the printed. face preferably .by the silk screen process. "If desired, an alternate method of protection will be afforded to the printed face by laminating directly over the printing on the panel a thin sheet of polyvinylchloride-acetate plastic, which will be readily accomplished by the application of heat and pressure without the use of an adhesive, since the protective sheet will be compatible with the coatings and printing on the face of the panel.
The panel is now fabricated completely for the purpose intended except for the holes for the reception of the light sources.
The fabricated panel, including the edges, back and the surfaces of all holes, is then coated, as by spraying, with a white pigmented vinyl base lacquer and then the back, edges and the surfaces of all holes are coated, as by spraying, with a black, or colored, pigmented vinyl base lacquer.
The holes for the light sources are then'drilled and polished to complete the panel.
screening, with a white pigmented vinyl base lacquer stock, comprising, for example, vinyl chloride acetate copolymer resins, plasticized with, for example, butyl phthalate, methyl phthalate and blown castor oil and pigmented with, for example, titanium dioxide, and having, for example, the following formula:
Per cent Resin #1 [CH2=CHCl-CH2 Cl-I-OCOCHslms-com- 30 Resin #2 [CH2 CHCl-CH2= CH-OCOCH3]2eo-2es 10 Butyl phthalate Ccl-LiC-OsCl-I3CH2CH2Cl-ls 9 Methyl phthalate CsHiCOsClis 4 #15 blown castor oil 2 Titanium dioxide T102 45 which mixture, or white stock, will be diluted to the semi-paste form required for silk screening .on the following formula:
Methyl isobutyl ketone (CI-I3COCH2CH(CH3) 2) 30 The above may be further diluted, to insure proper flow through the mesh of the silk screen, withtoluene or xylene.
The'coate'd face will now reprinted by reverse silk screen process, to form the desired designs or characters on the face of the panel in cut-out, using a black pigmented vinyl base lacquer stock comprising, for example, vinyl chloride acetate copolymer resins with butyl and methyl phthalate as plasticizers and carbon black or lamp black and having, for example, the following formula:
Per cent Resin #1 [CH2=CHCl-CH2= CHOCOCH3]195-20o 50 Resin #2 [CH2=CHCI-CH2= CH-OCOCH3]29o-295 l5 Butyl phthalate C6H4CO3CH3CH2CI-IzCH3 10 Methyl phthalate C6H4CO3CH3 5 Carbon black or lamp black 20 Per cent Black stock 2% Methyl ethyl ketone (CH3COC2H5) 50 lviethyl isobutyl ketone (CH3COCH2CH(CH3)2) 30 and the above may be further diluted, if necessary, to insure proper flow through the mesh of the silk screen, with toluene or xylene.
It will be appreciated that in place of carbon black or lamp black a colored pigment may be used in making up the above stock.
The silk screen for printing may be prepared in well known manner. Thus, sensitized silk screen carbon tissue is exposed in close contact with a negative made from a drawing of the design, symbols, characters, or the like, to be printed on the face of the panel. After exposure the carbon tissue is washed with warm run ning water to wash away the non-exposed portion and the gelatine side of the carbon tissue is then applied to the surface of Swiss silk stretched on a silk screen frame. After drying the backing sheet of acetate is peeled from the carbon tissue leaving the carbon tissue forming the design, symbols, characters, or the like, on the silk screen. With the silk screen so formed the background will be printed leaving the design, symbols, characters, or the like, as cut-outs.
After the face of the panel has been printed a dull clear protective coat is applied, by silk screening, over the printed face. The protective coat will be formed with a clear vinyl base lacquer, comprising, for example, vinyl chloride acetate copolymer resins mixed with titanium dioxide as a dulling agent and with butyl acetate as a plasticizer and solvent, and having, for example, the following formula:
Per cent Resin #1 [CH2=CHC1CH2=CHOCOCH3]195-200 35 Resin #2 ECH2=CHC1-CH2=CH-OCOCH31290-295 14 Titanium dioxide 'liOz l Butyl acetate CHSCOOCiHQ 50 The above may be further diluted, if necessary, with toluene.
Alternative to the application of the above protective coat by silk screening, a thin protective sheet of hard polyvinyl-chloride-acetate plastic is placed over the printed face of the panel and subjected to heat and pressure, say a tempera ture of 250 F. under a pressure of lbs. per square inch, which will cause the protective sheet to adhere directly to the printing, since the two are compatible, as it will be noted are the several coatings and printing applied to the base of the panel.
The panel is now out to size, drilled for mounting and otherwise fabricated as may be necessary for its ultimate purpose and all surfaces except the printed face, i. e., the back, edges and all holes which may have been drilled, are given, by spraying, two coats of a white pigmented vinyl base lacquer having, for example, the formula given above for the initial white coating of the face of the panel. Then the back, edges and all holes are given one coat of a black pigmented vinyl base lacquer having, for example, the formula given above for the printing of the face of the panel. The final black coating of the back, edges, holes, etc. should be carefully done to insure that there will be no leakage of light.
Finally the holes for the light sources are drilled in the panel and polished.
It will now be appreciated that the structure according to this invention comprises a base formed from acrylic plastic coated and having a design, symbol, character, or the like, formed on a coated face thereof by reverse silk screening, as detailed above, with a pigmented vinyl resin base lacquer, the printed face being protected by a coating of clear vinyl resin base lacquer, or alternatively, if desired, with a sheet of polyvinyl-chloride-acetate adhered directly to the printing by heat and pressure without the use of adhesive.
It will be appreciated that the various formulae given above by way of illustration may be moditied to meet various conditions without departing from this invention so long as the base of vinyl resin be retained.
It will be appreciated that the method according to this invention comprises the several steps with use of the several materials as detailed above as such may be modified by those skilled in the art to meet various conditions.
A specific embodiment of a panel made in accordance with this invention is shown for purposes of exernplification in the figures, in which:
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a panel made in accordance with this invention.
Figure 2 is a section taken on the plane indicated by the line 2-2 in Figure i.
As shown in the figures, panel 2 has a sheet of transparent plastic material t. Sheet s has two out out slots 5 on each side thereof to permit the bolting of the panel to a suitable support (not shown). Qpenings 8 are drilled in sheet 4 for the reception of a toggle switch, one of which is shown at Hi.
All the surfaces of the panel, including the interior of the slots 6 and openings 3, are coated with a white pigmented vinyl base lacquer ii. A layer it of black pigmented vinyl base lacquer overlies layer 52 on the front of panel 2, layer It having openings in to form appropriate numerals under openings 8. 0verlying the front of panel 2 is a protective film 58 of clear vinyl resin. All of the surfaces of panel 2 other than the front, and including slots 6 and openings 8, are completely covered with a black pigmented vinyl base lacquer 29.
The last step in the formation of the panel is to drill an opening 22, the walls of the opening 22 formed by sheet 4 being free of any coating. Opening 22 provides means for the entry of light which will be transferred through the sheet 4 and out through the translucent white pigmented vinyl base lacquer l2 and through the clear protective coating l8. Although no part of this invention, there is shown positioned within the opening 22 a bulb 24' mounted in a cap 26 having a rubber skirt 28. The bulb 24 is adapted to be secured in a socket (not shown) mounted on the structure to which panel 2 is secured.
The method and product according to this invention in their broader and more specific aspects are defined in the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. An illuminable structure comprising an acrylic plastics panel, a coating of white pigmented vinyl resin on all surfaces of said panel, printing in cut-out from a ground of black pigmented vinyl resin on the face of said panel, a protective film of clear vinyl resin on the face of said panel, an overcoating of black pigmented vinyl resin on all surfaces of said panel except the panel.
GARLAND W. MOLER.
HARRY NASSAU.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,968,095 Poschel July 31, 1934 2,166,819 'Miller July 18, 1939 2,261,578 Bauer Nov. 4, 1941 2,279,459 Harris Apr. 14, 1942 2,518,726 Shlenker Aug. 15, 1950
US88493A 1949-04-19 1949-04-19 Illuminable structure Expired - Lifetime US2663107A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2810225A (en) * 1956-07-26 1957-10-22 George K C Hardesty Illuminated panel-modifications of duo-panel system
US2821799A (en) * 1954-08-16 1958-02-04 Raymond E Partridge Composite indirectly illuminated instrument panels
US2824399A (en) * 1954-11-24 1958-02-25 Edwin A Neugass Illuminated panels
US2848830A (en) * 1951-05-08 1958-08-26 Boeing Co Indirectly illuminated instrument panels
US3015900A (en) * 1958-11-07 1962-01-09 Richard F Frink Internally illuminated sign
US3070913A (en) * 1956-09-25 1963-01-01 Miller Dial & Name Plate Compa Edge-lighted panel
US3308785A (en) * 1963-01-30 1967-03-14 George K C Hardesty Panel mounted meter and accessory illumination system
US3513805A (en) * 1967-12-28 1970-05-26 Heath Co Panel construction for radio receiver or the like
US4012632A (en) * 1975-12-18 1977-03-15 United Technologies Corporation Discrete function advisory illumination
US6983717B1 (en) * 2005-01-05 2006-01-10 Yazaki North America, Inc. Indicator assembly with halo-free pointer

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1968095A (en) * 1932-03-10 1934-07-31 Decorative Dev Inc Compositing cellulose ester sheets
US2166819A (en) * 1936-01-04 1939-07-18 Bert C Miller Method of producing multilayer ribbon strips
US2261578A (en) * 1940-06-10 1941-11-04 Cardinal Corp Decorated transparent article
US2279459A (en) * 1941-02-27 1942-04-14 Sherwin Williams Co Sign and display device
US2518726A (en) * 1949-08-08 1950-08-15 Edwin A Neugass Instrument panel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1968095A (en) * 1932-03-10 1934-07-31 Decorative Dev Inc Compositing cellulose ester sheets
US2166819A (en) * 1936-01-04 1939-07-18 Bert C Miller Method of producing multilayer ribbon strips
US2261578A (en) * 1940-06-10 1941-11-04 Cardinal Corp Decorated transparent article
US2279459A (en) * 1941-02-27 1942-04-14 Sherwin Williams Co Sign and display device
US2518726A (en) * 1949-08-08 1950-08-15 Edwin A Neugass Instrument panel

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2848830A (en) * 1951-05-08 1958-08-26 Boeing Co Indirectly illuminated instrument panels
US2821799A (en) * 1954-08-16 1958-02-04 Raymond E Partridge Composite indirectly illuminated instrument panels
US2824399A (en) * 1954-11-24 1958-02-25 Edwin A Neugass Illuminated panels
US2810225A (en) * 1956-07-26 1957-10-22 George K C Hardesty Illuminated panel-modifications of duo-panel system
US3070913A (en) * 1956-09-25 1963-01-01 Miller Dial & Name Plate Compa Edge-lighted panel
US3015900A (en) * 1958-11-07 1962-01-09 Richard F Frink Internally illuminated sign
US3308785A (en) * 1963-01-30 1967-03-14 George K C Hardesty Panel mounted meter and accessory illumination system
US3513805A (en) * 1967-12-28 1970-05-26 Heath Co Panel construction for radio receiver or the like
US4012632A (en) * 1975-12-18 1977-03-15 United Technologies Corporation Discrete function advisory illumination
US6983717B1 (en) * 2005-01-05 2006-01-10 Yazaki North America, Inc. Indicator assembly with halo-free pointer
US7178478B1 (en) * 2005-01-05 2007-02-20 Yazaki North America, Inc. Indicator assembly with halo-free pointer

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